25-02-2021 дата публикации
Номер: US20210055455A1
Принадлежит:
Provided herein are methods of preparing three-dimensional photonic crystals having tunable optical properties and control over stopband location and width, the three-dimensional photonic crystals comprising nanoparticles and spacer groups. 1. A method of forming a three-dimensional photonic crystal having a band gap having a center wavelength , λ , in a range of about 300 nm to about 10 μm , comprising:{'sub': 'h', '(a) selecting a nanoparticle, wherein the nanoparticle comprises a plasmonic nanoparticle or a high index dielectric nanoparticle having a refractive index, n, in a range of about 2 to about 30;'}{'sub': l', 'h', 'l, '(b) selecting a spacer group having a refractive index, n, in a range of about 1 to about 3, and a length, d, wherein nis greater than n; and'}(c) admixing a plurality of the nanoparticles and a plurality of spacer groups to form the three-dimensional photonic crystal comprising alternating nanoparticles and spacer groups; [{'sub': max', '0, '(i) the spacer group length, d, is selected such that the maximum reflectance in the reflectance spectrum, R, is greater than or equal to 0.80 when the photonic crystal is irradiated with an incident light having a wavelength λ; and'}, {'sub': max', '0, '(ii) the photonic crystal comprises a number of nanoparticle layers, N, normal to the incident light, such that Ris greater than or equal to 0.8 when the photonic crystal is irradiated with the incident light having a wavelength λ.'}], 'wherein'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the difference between nand n claim 1 , Δn claim 1 , is at least 0.1.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the admixing further comprises admixing in the presence of a dielectric medium.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the dielectric medium has an index of refraction claim 3 , n claim 3 , of 1 and 3.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein nis substantially the same as n.6. The method of claim 3 , wherein the dielectric medium comprises silica claim 3 , polymer claim 3 , oil claim 3 ...
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