АКУСТООПТИЧЕСКОЕ ВОЛНОВОДНОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ СЕЛЕКЦИИ ДЛИН ВОЛН И СПОСОБ ЕГО ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ

Изобретение используется в оптических линиях связи с объединением длин волн, для настройки длины волны излучения в объемном резонаторе лазера или восстановления формы импульсов в системе импульсной оптической связи. Устройство содержит подложку из фотоупругого материала с двойным лучепреломлением, на которой формируются первая и вторая ступени вращения плоскости поляризации, включающие по меньшей мере один волновод, по меньшей мере один оптический волновод, связывающий две ступени и несущий один поляризатор, состоящий из поляризационного элемента связи с нераспространяющейся волной, по меньшей мере один волновод, расположенный за второй ступенью, несущий поляризационно-селективный элемент. Одна из ступеней содержит приспособление для генерирования поверхностной акустической волны. Способ изготовления включает диффузию металла в подложку для формирования акустического волновода, формирование поляризационно-оптических элементов путем фотолитографического осаждения и последующей диффузии второго ...

ИНТЕГРАЛЬНАЯ ОПТИЧЕСКАЯ СХЕМА, ИМЕЮЩАЯ ВСТРОЕННУЮ УПОРЯДОЧЕННУЮ ВОЛНОВОДНУЮ РЕШЕТКУ, И СИСТЕМА ОПТИЧЕСКОЙ СЕТИ

Интегральная оптическая схема содержит группу оптических усилителей, сформированную в интегральной оптической схеме, и упорядоченную волноводную решетку, сформированную в интегральной оптической схеме и подключенную к группе оптических усилителей, группу волноводных элементов, соединенных с выходами указанной группы оптических усилителей, при этом указанная упорядоченная волноводная решетка имеет звездообразный ответвитель, соединенный с группой волноводных элементов. При этом группа оптических усилителей и упорядоченная волноводная решетка выполнены на основе оксида кремния. Технический результат - повышение мощности оптического сигнала, простота и дешивизна установки сети. 2 н. и 11 з.п. ф-лы, 7 ил.

МИКРОСКОП С ТЕРМОЛИНЗОЙ

Настольный, имеющий размер портативного компьютера микроскоп с термолинзой содержит пропускающую свет анализирующую ячейку, в которой образован микроканал для пропускания или хранения образца жидкости и которая расположена между пропускающими свет верхней и нижней подложками, источники возбуждающего и зондирующего света, оптическую систему микроскопа, оптическую систему обнаружения и оптический детектор для обнаружения света от оптической системы обнаружения. Оптическая система микроскопа включает дихроичное зеркало для синтезирования возбуждающего света концентрично с зондирующим, первую призму и объектив, расположенный непосредственно под первой призмой. Источники возбуждающего и зондирующего света и оптическая система микроскопа интегрированы в верхнюю подложку таким образом, что синтезированный свет от источников возбуждающего и зондирующего света проходит через первую призму и объектив в образец жидкости, в котором под действием возбуждающего света образуется термолинза. Оптическая ...

ОПТИЧЕСКИЙ УСИЛИТЕЛЬ С НАКАЧКОЙ НА МНОЖЕСТВЕННЫХ ДЛИНАХ ВОЛН

Изобретение относится к области усиления оптического сигнала. Оптический усилитель содержит подложку, оптический мультиплексор, источники световых пучков накачки с различными длинами волн, усиливающий волновод, волновод сигнала. Оптический мультиплексор встроен в подложку. Источники световых пучков связаны с оптическим мультиплексором. Усиливающий волновод встроен в легированную часть подложки и связан с оптическим мультиплексором. Волновод сигнала встроен в подложку устройства и связан с усиливающим волноводом. Волновод сигнала и оптический мультиплексор слабо связаны между собой. Источники световых пучков накачки формируют световые пучки, центрированные вокруг базовой длины волны. Технический результат - уменьшение рассеяния, повышение надежности устройства. 4 н. и 22 з.п. ф-лы, 9 ил.

НАНОРЕЗОНАТОР

Изобретение относится к области лазерной техники. Нанорезонатор состоит из двух гребенчатых пересекающихся фотонно-кристаллических волноводов, в месте пересечения образующих резонансную камеру. В зоне резонансной камеры выполнены щели, при этом длина щели больше ее ширины не менее чем в 2 раза. Щели могут быть расположены на равном расстоянии от центра пересечения диагоналей резонансной камеры. Кроме того, щели могут быть расположены внутри волновода, а также могут быть заполнены нелинейным оптическим материалом, например халькогенидным стеклом. Технический результата заключается в повышении добротности резонатора. 4 з.п. ф-лы, 7 ил.

СПОСОБ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ КАНАЛА ДЛЯ ПЕРЕДАЧИ ОПТИЧЕСКОГО СИГНАЛА МЕЖДУ ЭЛЕКТРОННЫМИ МОДУЛЯМИ НА ОДНОЙ ПЕЧАТНОЙ ПЛАТЕ

Изобретение относится к области радиоэлектроники и касается способа формирования канала для передачи оптического сигнала между электронными модулями на одной печатной плате. Способ заключается в том, что берут заготовку, в состав которой входит прозрачный полимер, над соответствующим местом заготовки располагают фоторезист и воздействуют на него штампом. Через прозрачную маску штампа осуществляют экспозицию УФ-излучением и покрывают внешнюю поверхность оптического тракта из отвердевшего фоторезиста светоотражающим металлическим слоем путем напыления. Технический результат заключается в упрощении способа формировании канала и улучшении эксплуатационных характеристик изделий. 5 ил.

Волоконно-оптическое устройство приема поляризационно разнесенного оптического сигнала

Полезная модель относится к области волоконно-оптических измерительных устройств на основе волоконно-оптических фазовых датчиков интерферометрического типа и предназначена для применения в волоконно-оптических интерферометрических датчиках в качестве фотоприемного устройства для предотвращения поляризационного затухания сигнала на приемной стороне измерительного устройства. Волоконно-оптическое устройство приема поляризационно разнесенного оптического сигнала, содержит входное оптическое волокно, оптически соединенное с входным портом разветвителя, три выходных порта которого соединены с тремя линейными волоконно-оптическими поляризаторами, которые соединены с разветвителем с помощью двулучепреломляющих оптических волокон, а оси пропускания поляризаторов совпадают с осями двулучепреломления соединительных оптических волокон и ориентированы под углом 120° относительно друг друга. Каждый поляризатор соединен с фотодиодом, разветвитель представляет собой интегрально-оптическую схему, содержащую ...

АНАЛИЗАТОР ПОЛЯ ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ

Анализатор поля излучения предусматривает средство для анализа спектра пространственных мод излучения, принимаемого от объекта. В варианте осуществления многомодового волновода световой пучок, выходящий из лазера, направляют непосредственно на объект через волноводную структуру из окиси алюминия. Часть опорного лазерного пучка направляют непосредственно на генератор мод, который выборочно преобразовывает лазерное излучение в одну из ряда мод. Лазерный пучок, отраженный от объекта, смешивают со световым пучком, выходящим из генератора мод, для получения интерференционных сигналов. Эти сигналы измеряют с помощью детектора и анализируют с помощью программируемого компьютера. Путем последовательного изменения моды, которая вырабатывается с помощью генератора и анализа полученных в результате сигналов, получают спектр мод излучения, отраженного от объекта. Техническим результатом является создание анализатора поля излучения, используемого для классификации объектов. 2 с. и 14 з.п.ф-лы, 13 ил ...

СПОСОБ ПЕРЕКЛЮЧЕНИЯ, МОДУЛЯЦИИ, УСИЛЕНИЯ И УПРАВЛЕНИЯ И НЕЛИНЕЙНЫЙ ОПТИЧЕСКИЙ ПЕРЕКЛЮЧАТЕЛЬ, МОДУЛЯТОР, УСИЛИТЕЛЬ И УПРАВЛЯЮЩИЙ ЭЛЕМЕНТ

Сущность изобретения: способ осуществляется с использованием по крайней мере одного нелинейного волновода и включает ввод оптического излучения в один кубично- и/или квадратично-нелинейный волновод, переключение однонаправленных или разнонаправленных связанных волн при изменении по крайней мере одного из параметров на входе и разделение и/или выделение излучений на выходе. Длину волны оптического излучения выбирают из условий 0,5λr≤λ≤1,5λr где λr - длина волны однофотонного и/или двухфотонного экситонного резонанса в полупроводниковой структуре нелинейного оптического волновода. Температуру полупроводниковой структуры оптического волновода устанавливают из условия обеспечения заданной величины пороговой интенсивности, и/или критической интенсивности, и/или дифференциального коэффициента усиления и стабилизируют температуру нелинейного волновода. Нелинейный оптический волновод выполнен на основе слоистой полупроводниковой структуры типа MQW с чередующимися слоями, содержащей по крайней мере ...

Направленный ответвитель в интегральной оптической схеме

Изобретение относится к интегральной оптике и предназначено для разделения входного света на две части. Устройство включает в себя четыре модифицированных Y-образных делителя, соединенных между собой особым образом, а в случае пересечения волноводов в одном слое используются кроссоверы, выполняющие роль двух пересекающихся линий. Техническим результатом изобретения является расширение арсенала направленных ответвителей в интегральной оптике, а также расширение полосы рабочих частот, направленных ответвителей. 4 з.п. ф-лы, 3 ил.

СПОСОБЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ВОЛНОВОДОВ И ВОЛНОВОДЫ, ИЗГОТОВЛЕННЫЕ ПО УКАЗАННЫМ СПОСОБАМ

... 1. Способ формирования волновода (16), содержащий осаждение фоточувствительного сополимерного материала (14), содержащего метилметакрилат, тетрафторпропилметакрилат и эпоксидный мономер, поверх подложки (18); фиксацию оптических элементов (10, 12) относительно фоточувствительного сополимерного материала; направление света через по меньшей мере один из оптических элементов и фоточувствительный сополимерный материал в направлении к другому из оптических элементов; и улетучивание неотвержденного мономера из фоточувствительного сополимерного материала с формированием волновода. 2. Способ по п.1, в котором направление света включает управление интенсивностью света, для обеспечения порогового условия немного выше для улетучивания фоточувствительного сополимерного материала. 3. Способ по п.2, в котором этап направления света и улетучивания неотвержденного мономера осуществляются последовательно по меньшей мере дважды, причем каждое последующее действие приводит к удлинению волновода. 4. Способ ...

ОПТИЧЕСКАЯ ИНТЕГРАЛЬНАЯ СХЕМА, ИМЕЮЩАЯ ВСТРОЕННУЮ УПОРЯДОЧЕННУЮ ВОЛНОВОДНУЮ РЕШЕТКУ (AWG) И ОПТИЧЕСКИЙ УСИЛИТЕЛЬ ИЛИ УСИЛИТЕЛИ

... 1. Система, содержащая группу приемопередатчиков для подключения группы оптических каналов и оптическую интегральную схему, подключенную для приема группы оптических каналов от группы приемопередатчиков, причем оптическая интегральная схема содержит группу оптических усилителей, сформированную в оптической интегральной схеме, и группу упорядоченных волноводных решеток (AWG), сформированную в оптической интегральной схеме и подключенную к группе оптических усилителей. 2. Система по п.1, в которой дополнительно содержится группа оптических волокон для подключения группы приемопередатчиков к оптической интегральной схеме. 3. Система по п.1, в которой группа оптических усилителей содержит группу волноводных элементов для объединения света накачки и света оптического сигнала. 4. Система по п.3, в которой группа оптических усилителей содержит группу участков усиления, подключенную к группе волноводных элементов. 5. Система по п.4, отличающаяся тем, что группа оптических сигналов содержит многоканальный ...

НОВЫЕ ФТОРИРОВАННОЕ СОЕДИНЕНИЯ И ФТОРПОЛИМЕР

... 1. Соединение, представленное следующей формулой (1): где RAF, RBF, RCF, RDF: каждый независимо представляет собой атом фтора, атом хлора, перфторированную одновалентную насыщенную углеводородную группу или перфтор(частично хлорированную одновалентную насыщенную углеводородную) группу при условии, что, по меньшей мере, один из RAF, RBF, RCF и RDF представляет собой перфтор(частично хлорированную одновалентную насыщенную углеводородную) группу. 2. Соединение по п.1, где каждый из RAF и RCF, которые являются независимыми друг от друга, представляет собой перфтор(частично хлорированную одновалентную насыщенную углеводородную) группу, а RBF и RDF представляют собой атомы фтора, или RAF представляет собой перфтор(частично хлорированную одновалентную насыщенную углеводородную) группу, а RBF, RCF и RDF представляют собой атомы фтора. 3. Соединение по п.1, где перфтор(частично хлорированная одновалентная насыщенная углеводородная) группа представляет собой C1-6 перфтор(частично хлорированную алкильную ...

Устройство для резервирования в волоконно-оптических системах передач (варианты)

Изобретение относится к оптическим переключателям. Устройство для резервирования в волоконно-оптических системах передач включает: подводящие и отводящие оптические волокна и модуль оптического переключателя, также устройство содержит систему поверхностных управляющих электродов, выполненных с возможностью подключения к системе подачи электрического сигнала от контроллера. В качестве модуля оптического переключателя устройство содержит выполненную в подложке или на подложке систему канальных волноводов. Система канальных волноводов включает основной и резервный волноводы, два параллельно соединенных интерферометра Маха-Цендера с раздельными входами и общим выходом, при этом вход одного из них соединен с основным волноводом, вход второго - с резервным волноводом, а выходы волноводов от указанных интерферометров соединены в общий выход, также устройство содержит два дополнительных канальных волновода оптически подключенных к основному и резервному волноводам. Причем каждый из дополнительных ...

СПОСОБ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ ОПТИЧЕСКОГО МОДУЛЯ С НАПЫЛЕННЫМ АЛЮМИНИЕВЫМ АНТИКОРРОЗИОННЫМ ПОКРЫТИЕМ

Способ изготовления оптического модуля с алюминиевым антикоррозионным покрытием, напыленным на поверхность свободной буферной трубки из нержавеющей стали включает следующие шаги: напыление тонкодисперсного алюминиевого порошка на поверхность свободной буферной трубки из нержавеющей стали путем плавления алюминиевой заготовки электродуговым нагревом и распыления расплавленного алюминия сжатым воздухом. Кроме того, нагрев слоя алюминиевого покрытия до температуры от 100 до 700°С, прокатывание нагретого слоя алюминиевого покрытия для снижения пористости и отклонений в толщине слоя алюминиевого покрытия и быстрое охлаждение прокатанного слоя алюминиевого покрытия для предотвращения ухудшения рабочих свойств элементов внутри оптического модуля. Перед шагом напыления дополнительно включают шаг предварительного нагрева свободной буферной трубки из нержавеющей стали до температуры от 50 до 100°С. Перед шагом предварительного нагрева дополнительно включают шаг струйной обработки поверхности свободной ...

СПОСОБ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ ОПТИЧЕСКОГО МОДУЛЯ С НАПЫЛЕННЫМ АЛЮМИНИЕВЫМ АНТИКОРРОЗИОННЫМ ПОКРЫТИЕМ

... 1. Способ изготовления оптического модуля с алюминиевым антикоррозионным покрытием, напыленным на поверхность свободной буферной трубки из нержавеющей стали, включающий шаги напыления тонкодисперсного алюминиевого порошка на поверхность свободной буферной трубки из нержавеющей стали путем плавления алюминиевой заготовки электродуговым нагревом и распыления расплавленного алюминия сжатым воздухом. 2. Способ по п.1, в котором на шаге напыления полученный слой алюминиевого покрытия имеет толщину от 5 до 100 мкм. 3. Способ по п.2, в котором на шаге напыления полученный слой алюминиевого покрытия имеет толщину от 80 до 90 мкм. 4. Способ по п.1, перед шагом напыления дополнительно включающий шаг предварительного нагрева свободной буферной трубки из нержавеющей стали до температуры от 50 до 100°С. 5. Способ по п.4, перед шагом предварительного нагрева дополнительно включающий шаг струйной обработки поверхности свободной буферной трубки из нержавеющей стали для формирования выпуклых и вогнутых ...

МУЛЬТИПЛЕКСОР И ДЕМУЛЬТИПЛЕКСОР МНОГОКРАТНОГО ОТРАЖЕНИЯ

... 1. Устройство для маршрутизации оптических сигналов в зависимости от их длин волн, включающее общий тракт для передачи нескольких сигналов различных длин волн, каждый из которых имеет заданное количество энергии, распределенной по полю моды, несколько отдельных трактов для раздельной передачи сигналов различных длин волн, формирователь разности длин оптических путей, имеющий множество промежуточных путей различной длины для соединения этих общего и отдельных трактов, причем указанный формирователь разности длин оптических путей содержит составной расщепитель луча для отклонения части энергии из множества мест поля моды для каждого из сигналов различных длин волн вдоль одного из промежуточных путей различной длины, отклонения части оставшейся энергии из множества мест поля моды для каждого из сигналов различных длин волн вдоль другого из промежуточных путей различной длины и продолжения отклонения последующих частей оставшейся энергии из множества мест поля моды для каждого из сигналов различных ...

СПОСОБ ПЕРЕКЛЮЧЕНИЯ, МОДУЛЯЦИИ, УСИЛЕНИЯ И УПРАВЛЕНИЯ И НЕЛИНЕЙНЫЙ ОПТИЧЕСКИЙ ПЕРЕКЛЮЧАТЕЛЬ, МОДУЛЯТОР, УСИЛИТЕЛЬ И УПРАВЛЯЮЩИЙ ЭЛЕМЕНТ

... 1. Способ переключения, модуляции, усиления и управления, осуществляемый с использованием по крайней мере одного нелинейного оптического волновода, выполненного на основе слоистой полупроводниковой структуры типа МQW с чередующимися слоями, содержащей по крайней мере два гетероперехода, включающий ввод по крайней мере одного оптического излучения по крайней мере в один нелинейный волновод, переключение мощности между связанными волнами на выходе при изменении по крайней мере одного из параметров излучения на входе, и разделение и/или выделение излучений на выходе, отличающийся тем, что вводят оптическое излучение по крайней мере с одним изменяемым параметром и средней интенсивностью выше пороговой или оптическое излучение накачки с интенсивностью выше пороговой и оптическое сигнальное излучение по крайней мере с одним изменяемым параметром, причем используют волновод или волноводы, обладающие кубичной и/или квадратичной нелинейностью, длину волны λ оптического излучения с изменяемым параметром ...

Многоканальный распределенный волоконно-оптический датчик

Изобретение относится к контрольно-измерительной технике и предназначено для анализа амплитудно-фазовых характеристик светового излучения, рассеянного от различных участков волоконно-оптического чувствительного элемента, и может быть использовано для мониторинга и охраны протяженных объектов. Многоканальный распределенный волоконно-оптический датчик содержит функционально связанные приемо-передающий оптический модуль 1, усилительный оптический модуль 2, чувствительный элемент 3, выполненный в виде оптического волокна и содержащий по крайней мере один точечный датчик (извещатель) 4, причем точечные датчики (извещатели) 4 имеют виброакустические соединенения 29 с чувствительным элементом 3, и компьютер 5. Приемо-передающий оптический модуль 1 содержит узкополосный непрерывный лазер 6, модулятор оптического излучения 7, фотоприемное устройство 8, блок обработки сигналов 9, фильтр частот 10, фильтр точечного датчика (извещателя) 12 и блок постобработки, управления и синхронизации 11. Точечный ...

Способ изготовления оптического планарного волноводного функционального элемента

Изобретение относится к интегральной оптике и технологии изготовления полностью оптической вычислительной машины, Цель изобретения - улучшение качества и оптимизация параметров функционального слоя. Вначале осаждают только часть функционального слоя минимальной толщины на водорастворимую подложку. Затем на него осаждают из растворов тонкие слои с отличающимися показателями преломления из оптических органических компаундов, в том числе и из оптических клеев. К последнему слою приклеивают водонерастворимую подложку, причем предварительно формируют геометрию волноводного слоя прикле- иванием к функциональному или оболочечному слою волоконных световодов ввода и вывода управляемого светового излучения . Далее растворяют водораствори мую подложку и наращивают функциональный слой до требуемой ны в контролируемых условиях, С ...

Частотный разделительный фильтр на связанных трехмерных оптических волноводах

Изобретение относится к оптическим волноводам, а именно к оптическим интегральным схемах, и может быть использовано в световодных системах связи. Цель изобретения - упрощение конструкции и сужение полосы пропускания ответвляемого сигнала. Фильтр выполнен в виде по крайней мере двух параллельных идентичных прямолинейных трехмерных оптических волноводов, а между ними введен трехмерный оптический волновод в виде замкнутой петли, имеющий отличные параметры от соответствующих параметров прямолинейных волноводов. 1 ил.

MITTELS POLARISATIONSUNABHÄNGIGE OPTISCHE RICHTKOPPLER ABSTIMMBARE WELLENLÄNGENFILTER BZW. EMPFÄNGER

Methode zur Herstellung von verteilten Bragg-Reflektoren in optischen Medien

Halbleiterbauelement mit einem Aggregat von Mikro-Nadeln aus Halbleitermaterial

Integriertes optisches Regelelement und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und integriertoptisches Element und es verwendende integriertoptische Schaltkreisanordnung

Integriert-optoelektronische Vorrichtung zur Aufspaltung und Erkennung von verschiedenen Wellenlängen

Abstimmbare optische Einfüge-/Abzweigmethode und -apparat

Abstimmbare optische Einfüge-/Abzweigmethode und -apparat

Vorrichtung zur Wellenleiterkopplung, Vorrichtung zur Strahlbündelung, und Gerät für optische Platten

Optischer Schalter

PHOTONISCH INTEGRIERTE SCHALTUNGS-RANDVERBUNDSTRUKTUR MIT REDUZIERTER REFLEXION FÜR INTEGRIERTE LASERDIODEN

Ein photonischer Chip, ein Kantenkoppler für ein integriertes photonisches System und ein Verfahren zum Koppeln eines Lasers an den photonischen Chip. Der Kantenkoppler beinhaltet einen Wellenleiter des photonischen Systems mit einer Längsachse. Die Längsachse eines Wellenleiters des photonischen Chips ist kollinear mit der Längsachse des Lasers ausgeführt. Die dem Laser zugewandte Facette des Wellenleiters steht in einem nicht senkrechten Winkel zur Längsachse. Licht wird von dem Laser über die gewinkelte Facette in den Wellenleiter übertragen.

Optoelektronisches Bauelement

Integrierter optischer Koppler.

BEFESTIGUNG EINER VORRICHTUNG MIT INTEGRIERTER OPTIK ZWECKS THERMISCHER ISOLIERUNG UND SCHUTZ GEGEN HOHE SCHOCKBELASTUNG.

Optical wavelength multiplexer and demultiplexer in substrate

The multiplexer-demultiplexer has input channel waveguides (3) to receive wavelength multiplexed signals. These signals combine several signals with a previously determined wavelength difference. An input plate waveguide (4) expands the multiplexed signals coupled into the plate waveguide by the channel waveguide (3). A line waveguide grid (6) has several channel waveguides. Each has a previously determined length difference corresponding to the predetermined wavelength difference so that each signal with different wavelength is provided with a different phase difference according to the predetermined length difference. An output plate waveguide focuses each signal of different wavelength from the channel waveguides in several predetermined positions corresponding to the wavelength differences. Several output channel waveguides are provided with an input end arranged at each of the positions so that each separated signal is coupled to a corresponding output waveguide and exits from an output ...

Planaroptisches Element, Sensorelement und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung

Die Erfindung betrifft ein planaroptisches Element (1) mit zumindest einer photonischen Komponente (4), welche in zumindest einem Träger (2) angeordnet ist, welcher zumindest ein Polymer enthält oder daraus besteht, wobei der Träger (2) zumindest eine erste Folienlage (21) mit einer ersten Seite (211) und einer gegenüberliegenden zweiten Seite (212) und eine zweite Folienlage (22) mit einer ersten Seite (221) und einer gegenüberliegenden zweiten Seite (222) aufweist, wobei die erste Seite (221) der zweiten Folienlage (22) auf der zweiten Seite (212) der ersten Folienlage (21) angeordnet ist und zumindest die zweite Folienlage (22) in zumindest einer Teilfläche (225) Nanodrähte (3) enthält, welche einen Durchmesser von 100 nm bis 1000 nm aufweisen, wobei die zumindest eine photonische Komponente (4) in der ersten Folienlage angeordnet ist. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung ein entsprechendes Sensorelement und ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung ...

Diffraktive optische Vorrichtung

Mixture and distribution process and device

When mixing polychromatic light, light with only one wave length is fed to each element in a selective chain to form a partial spectrum. When distributing polychromatic light, one wave length is filtered out of each element. After reflection the remaining spectrum is fed to the next element to be decomposed further. A chain of photonic crystals is used for mixing and distributing. A wave length selective coupler/decoupler is allocated to each crystal.

Planare optische Vorrichtung

Integrierter elektro-optischer Modulator und dessen Herstellungsverfahren

WELLENLAENGEN-MULTIPLEXER ODER -DEMULTIPLEXER

INTEGRATED FRESNEL LENS

INTEGRIERTER OPTISCHER BAUTEIL ZUR KOPPLUNG

Schaltvorrichtung

Optischer Isolator, Zirkulator oder Schalter in Hybridbauweise und Systeme, die diesen benutzen

Vorrichtung mit einem dispersiven Lichtwellenleiter-Abzweiger

Optical directional coupler for telephony

The structure includes two layers of gallium-aluminium arsenide (1,5) and an intermediate layer (2) of gallium-arsenide. A pair (3,4) of metal electrodes is applied to the top layer to receive a respective coupling-controlling current (I1,I2). The coupling state which obtains in the coupler is determined as between bar coupling or cross-coupling so that light input on a waveguide is output, with amplification, on a second or third waveguide. The current injected through the electrodes determines the coupling state by changing the real part of refractive index (n1,n2,n3) of the respective waveguide section. The changing of the imaginary part of the respective refractive index is instrumental to vary the amplification.

Optischer Multi-Demultiplexer

Optischer Halbleiterverstärker mit verkürzter Gewinn-Erholungszeit.

Optische Wellenleitervorrichtung

HALBLEITERSCHEIBENGROSSE INTEGRIERTE OPTISCHE ELEMENTE

Polarisationsunabhängige Struktur mit zwei optischen Wellenleitern und Herstellungsverfahren

INTEGRIERTE PHOTO-VORRICHTUNG UND WELLENLEITER

Elektronische Anordnung mit einem Lichtübertragungssystem.

Optisches System.

OPTISCHES LICHTWELLENLEITER-SCHALTELEMENT UND AUS DERARTIGEN ELEMENTEN GEBILDETE SCHALTMATRIX.

Optical waveguide array used in telecommunications and data transfer, especially optical data transfer, comprises a taper having a widening cross-section in a first section and a tapering cross-section in a second section

Optical waveguide array comprises at least one taper (9) having a widening cross-section in a first section (A) and a tapering cross-section (Q) in a second section (B). An independent claim is also included for an optical wavelength multiplexor/demultiplexor comprising the above the optical waveguide array. Preferred Features: The optical wavelength multiplexor/demultiplexor comprises a semiconductor material.

WELLENLEITER FUER AKUSTISCHE UND OPTISCHE WELLEN

Filmauftragsverfahren mit Spannungsausgleich

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Auftragen von Filmen auf ein Substrat zum Ausbilden des optischen Bauteils, wobei Spannungen auf beiden Seiten des Substrates ausgeglichen werden. Hierzu werden eine vorbestimmte Anzahl Schichten von Filmen auf einer oberen Seite des Substrates aufgetragen und Schichten von Filmen mit ähnlicher Dicke auf der unteren Seite des Substrates zum Ausgleich der Filmspannungen am Substrat aufgetragen.

Anordnung zur Verbindung von integriert-optischen Komponenten und Verwendung der Anordnung

Integrated-optical components 11, 21 are connected together on different substrates 10, 20, wherein the substrates 10, 20 lie on top of each other. At their ends the components to be connected 11, 21 have inclined lateral surfaces 12, 22 in such a way that light from the first component 11 is reflected at the lateral surface 12, impinges on the second lateral surface 22 and is then reflected into the second component 21 there. The arrangement may be used in a bidirectional transmission system with optical fibre amplifier.

Nichtlineares optisches Verzweigungselement

GEKRÜMMTER LICHTWELLENLEITER ZUR VERBINDUNG VON MONOMODE-LICHTWELLENLEITERN

Optische Vorrichtung zum Variieren der Lichtleistung mit beweglichem Reflektor

Hintergrundbeleuchtungseinheit und autostereoskopische 3D-Anzeigevorrichtung mit derselben

Es werden eine Hintergrundbeleuchtungseinheit (210) und eine autostereoskopische 3D(dreidimensional)-Anzeigevorrichtung (100), die eine solche aufweist, beschrieben, bei denen ein 3D-Bild dargestellt werden kann ohne Verwendung einer 3D-Lichtsteuerung, die eine Flüssigkristallschicht enthält. Die Hintergrundbeleuchtungseinheit (210) kann eine 3D-Lichtleiterplatte (211) aufweisen, die erste Lichtausgabestrukturen (211a) aufweist, erste Lichtquellen (213), die Licht auf mindesten eine Seite der 3D-Lichtleiterplatte (211) einstrahlen, eine 2D(zweidimensional)-Lichtleiterplatte (212), die unter der 3D-Lichtleiterplatte (211) angeordnet ist, und zweite Lichtquellen (214), die Licht auf mindestens eine Seite der 2D-Lichtleiterplatte (212) einstrahlen. Die ersten Lichtausgabestrukturen (211a) sind eine Mehrzahl von Linienprismenstrukturen, die durch einen Abstand voneinander getrennt sind.

Asymmetrisches integriert-optisches Mach-Zehnder-Interferometer

WELLENLÄNGENABSTIMMBARES OPTOELEKTRONISCHES BAUELEMENT

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINES LICHTBEUGENDEN BAUELEMENTES

OPTISCHE WELLENLEITER

HOCHBRECHENDE SCHICHTEN AUS GERMANIUM-SILICIUM-OXYNITRID FÜR PLANARE WELLENLEITER

Vorrichtung zur Verknüpfung binärer optischer Signale zur faseroptischen Umsetzung von Logikgattern

PHOTONISCHER INTEGRIERTER DETEKTOR MIT MEHREREN ASYMMETRISCHEN WELLENLEITERN

LICHTQUELLE MIT VARIABLER WELLENLÄNGE

Sich verjüngender Wellenleiter (Taper) mit lateralen strahlbegrenzenden Rippenwellenleitern

Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Glass-Wellenleiters

SILIZIUMWAFER MIT MONOLITHISCHEN OPTOELEKTRONISCHEN KOMPONENTEN

MIKROAKTUATOR, MIKROAKTUATORVORRICHTUNG, OPTISCHER SCHALTER UND OPTISCHE SCHALTANORDNUNG

Optisches Übertragungsmodul und dieses verwendendes optisches Übertragungssystem

BREITBAND-ELEKTROOPTISCHE MODULATOREN

Optischer Koppler und Gitter aus nebeneinanderliegenden Wellenleitern (AWG) mit diesem Koppler

Optischer integrierter Schaltkreis mit Verzögerungsleitung

Faseroptischer Wellenlängen-Multiplexer-Demultiplexer

WELLENLÄNGE MULTIPLEXER/DEMULTILEXER OPTISCHE VORRICHTUNG

Gruppe III-Nitridschichten mit strukturierten Oberflächen

RINGRESONATOR MIT RADIALEM BRAGG-REFLEKTOR

Optischer Wellenleiter mit einer reduzierten Asymmetrie des Modenprofils und optisches Übertragungsverfahren

INTEGRIERTER OPTISCHER MODULATOR

Sender und Empfänger für Lichtwellenleiterübertragung mit hoher Toleranz

Optisches Kopplungssystem, das folgende Merkmale aufweist: ein Array von optischen Elementen (97) zum Kollimieren von Licht von einem Array von optischen Fasern (95) zu der Form von kollimiertem Licht (103); ein Substrat, das ein Halbleitermaterial umfasst; ein Array von in dem Substrat gebildeten Lichtdetektoren (105); eine auf dem Substrat hergestellte Trägerstruktur; ein Array von an der Trägerstruktur befestigten Linsen (107) zum Empfangen des kollimierten Lichts von dem Array von optischen Elementen (97) und zum Fokussieren des kollimierten Lichts auf den Array von Lichtdetektoren (105), wobei der Array von Linsen (107) durch die Trägerstruktur in einem ersten Abstand von dem Array von Lichtdetektoren (105) entfernt angebracht ist, und eine Faseraufnahmeeinrichtung (91), die angepasst ist, um den Array von optischen Elementen (97) und den Array von optischen Fasern (95) in einem zweiten Abstand voneinander entfernt zu halten, derart, dass der Array von optischen Elementen (97) Licht ...

OPTISCHES SILIZIUMBAUELEMENT

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metallfluorid-Solen und -Gelen

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metallfluorid-Solen und -Gelen, umfassend die Schritte: a) Bereitstellen eines Metalls, b) Bereitstellen einer Lösung von Fluorwasserstoff in einem nichtwässrigen Lösungsmittel und c) Umsetzen des Metalls mit der Lösung von Fluorwasserstoff in einem nichtwässrigen Lösungsmittel zur Ausbildung eines Metallfluorid-Sols.

Manufacturing procedure for optical waveguide array with periodic refractive index modulations, involves radiation of maximum and minimum intensity extending transversely to part zones

A method for the manufacture of optical waveguide arrays with periodic refractive index modulations of the individual waveguides, involves fabricating waveguides (111 - 11n) on one substrate, and the electromagnetic or particle radiation should extend over the total width of the laterally adjacent part-zones (151 - 15n) of the waveguides, and have lines (17) of maximum- and minimum-intensity in the plane of the waveguides (111 - 11n).

An integrated optical arrangement

Refractive index control

Interposer beam expander chip

Optical waveguide 105 is on a top surface of the photonic chip and has a two ends 116, 118 configured to support two optical modes having a mode centres. A tapered portion of the waveguide has a tapered mesa (610, figure 6) and a tapered central ridge (620, figure 6). A hard stop (710, figure 7) has a flat surface parallel to a portion of the waveguide at the second end of the waveguide. the height of the second mode centre above the flat surface of the hard stop is greater than zero and less than the thickness of the optical waveguide at the second end. An assembly with overlapping photonic chips may be provided (see figure 8a). A polished surface may also be provided coplanar with a facet on the second end 118 of the waveguide.

Photstructurable body and process for treating glass and/or a glass-ceramic

HALIDE GLASS MEDIUM CONTAINING TRIVALENT URANIUM IONS AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SAID MEDIUM

An optical waveguide component and a light signal processing method using the same

Optical switch device and method of manufacturing the same

Provided are an optical switch device having a simple light path and capable of achieving high speed switching, and a method of manufacturing the optical switch device. The optical switch device comprises one or more first optical waveguides extending in a first direction, one or more second optical waveguides connected to the first optical waveguides in a second direction crossing the first direction, and one or more switching parts configured to control light transmitted in the first direction within the first optical waveguide connected with the second waveguide, to selectively reflect the light to the second waveguide extending in the second direction.

Optical force based biomolecular analysis in slot waveguides

An architecture for the handling and transport of nanoscopic matter in lab on a chip devices using optical forces. A slot waveguide is used to focus and harness optical energy to trap and transport nanoscale objects. The slot waveguide is a unique structure that has several advantageous features, such as high optical confinement, and enables nanoparticles to interact fully with a propagating optical mode.

Optical wavelength filter with wavelength characteristic variation minimized

An optical wavelength filter has optical waveguides each of which includes a cladding layer and a core having a refractive index that is as high as that of the cladding layer by a factor of 1.4 or more. Each optical waveguide is partitioned into a reference section providing a reference and an adjustment section for adjusting phase differences. The reference section of each optical waveguide is so set that the optical waveguide in this section has a first equivalent refractive index and a first length. The adjustment section is so set that the waveguide in this adjustment section has a second equivalent refractive index and a second length. Two waves of light outputted from the output ends of adjacent two of the optical waveguides interfere with each other with a predetermined phase difference, thereby accomplishing independency of temperature and dimensional error.

Redundant ring resonators of varying dimensions to reduce ring resonator tuning requirements

Various embodiments of the present invention relate to systems for reducing the amount of power consumed in temperature tuning resonator-based transmitters and receivers. In one aspect, a system comprises an array of resonators ( 801 - 806 ) disposed adjacent to a waveguide ( 646 ) and a heating element ( 808 ). The heating element is operated to thermally tune the array of resonators so that each resonator in a subset of the array of resonators is in resonance with a wavelength of light traveling in the waveguide.

Systems and methods for manufacturing passive waveguide components

Various embodiments are directed toward systems and method for manufacturing low cost passive waveguide components. For example, various embodiments relate to low cost manufacturing of passive waveguide components, including without limitation, waveguide filters, waveguide diplexers, waveguide multiplexers, waveguide bends, waveguide transitions, waveguide spacers, and an antenna adapter. Some embodiments comprise manufacturing a passive waveguide component by creating a non-conductive structure using a low cost fabrication technology, such as injection molding or three-dimensional (3D) printing, and then forming a conductive layer over the non-conductive structure such that the conductive layer creates an electrical feature of the passive waveguide component.

Embedded vertical optical grating for heterogeneous integration

An embedded vertical optical grating, a semiconductor device including the embedded vertical optical grating and a method for forming the same. The method for forming the embedded optical grating within a substrate includes depositing a hard mask layer on the substrate, patterning at least one opening within the hard mask layer, vertically etching a plurality of scallops within the substrate corresponding to the at least one opening within the hard mask layer, removing the hard mask layer, and forming an oxide layer within the plurality of scallops to form the embedded vertical optical grating.

Optical waveguide device and optical hybrid circuit

The optical waveguide device includes a first optical coupler which branches input light and outputs first signal light and second signal light, an optical phase shifter including a first and a second optical waveguides of optical path lengths different from each other and giving a phase difference between the first signal light and the second signal light, and the second optical coupler coupling the first signal light outputted from the first optical waveguide and the second signal light outputted from the second optical waveguide. The first optical waveguide and the second optical waveguide have the same waveguide width and have optical waveguides bent with substantially the same radius of curvature.

Methods for light coupling into power semiconductors

Disclosed is a method of coupling light into a power semiconductor device having a semiconductor structure with two or more layers. The power semiconductor device has multiple cells of functionally identical units linked by multiple interconnects. In each device unit, a patterned electrode layer is disposed on the surface of the semiconductor structure. The method includes illuminating the power semiconductor device by directing a light from a light source through the patterned electrode layer to form an enhanced light coupling with the semiconductor structure. The patterned electrode layer is configured to have a micron scaled grid pattern having multiple metal grids and aperture openings that is based on a distributed resistance model having two characteristic current decay lengths.

Method And System For Coupling Optical Signals Into Silicon Optoelectronic Chips

A method and system for coupling optical signals into silicon optoelectronic chips are disclosed and may include coupling one or more optical signals into a back surface of one or more of a plurality of CMOS photonic chips comprising photonic, electronic, and optoelectronic devices. The devices may be integrated in a front surface of the chips and optical couplers may receive the optical signals in the front surface of the chips. The optical signals may be coupled into the back surface of the chips via optical fibers and/or optical source assemblies. The optical signals may be coupled to the optical couplers via a light path etched in the chips, which may be refilled with silicon dioxide. The chips may be flip-chip bonded to a packaging substrate. Optical signals may be reflected back to the optical couplers via metal reflectors, which may be integrated in dielectric layers on the chips.

Low-cost fast variable optical attenuator for optical wavelength tracking

Variable optical attenuator (VOA) formed by disposing upon a substrate a waveguide, a p-type region and an n-type region about the waveguide, and an epi-silicon region disposed upon the waveguide, the VOA responsive to a bias current to controllably inject carriers into the waveguide to attenuate thereby optical signal propagating through the waveguide.

Wavelength division multiplexing device

A technology for wavelength division multiplexing light of a plurality of different wavelengths into one or more optical fibers is disclosed. In a first main embodiment, the light is multiplexed and turned by a designated angle using two lens arrays and a flat surface that functions as a mirror. In a second embodiment, a waveguide-based combiner structure multiplexes and turns a plurality of light beams of different wavelengths.

Optical device and virtual image display

An optical device includes: a light guide plate receiving, for each of N types of wavelength bands, a plurality of parallel light beams with different incident angles each corresponding to view angles, and guiding the received parallel light beams; a first and a second volume hologram gratings of reflection type having a diffraction configuration which includes N types of interference fringes each corresponding to the N types of wavelength bands, and diffracting/reflecting the parallel light beams. The optical device satisfies for each wavelength band, a relationship of ‘P>L’, where ‘L’ represents a central diffraction wavelength in the first and second volume hologram gratings, defined for a parallel light beam corresponding to a central view angle, and ‘P’ represents a peak wavelength of the parallel light beams.

OPTICAL SPLITTER ARRAY

An optical splitter array can include a single branched waveguide core situated on a planar substrate and having an input optically connected to n outputs via n−1 splitters, where n is an integer of at least 2. The array can also include a single cladding layer overlying the single branched waveguide core from the input to the outputs, and a plurality of alignment channels aligned with the input and the outputs. 1. An optical splitter array , comprising:a planar substrate;a single branched waveguide core situated on the planar substrate and having an input and n outputs optically connected to the input via n−1 splitters, wherein n is an integer of at least 2;a single cladding layer overlying the single branched waveguide core from the input to the outputs; anda plurality of alignment channels aligned with the input and the outputs.2. The optical splitter array of claim 1 , further comprising optical fibers optically connected to the input and one of the outputs and situated in the alignment channels claim 1 , and thereby aligned with the input and the outputs.3. The optical splitter array of claim 1 , wherein a ratio of optical signal power between the input and all collective outputs is equal.4. The optical splitter array of claim 1 , wherein the single branched waveguide core utilizes total internal reflection at all points along a path of an optical signal from the input to the outputs for purposes of signal containment.5. The optical splitter array of claim 1 , wherein splitting angles of the n−1 splitters exhibit a standard deviation of less than about 1 percent.6. The optical splitter array of claim 1 , wherein n equals an integer from 4 to 16.7. The optical splitter array of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of optical fibers are optically connected to at least the input and one of the outputs via an index matching material.8. A stacked splitter array claim 1 , comprising a stack of the optical arrays of .9. A method of making an optical power splitter array ...

Design for reducing loss at intersection in optical waveguides

A core intersection in an optical waveguide formed of a plurality of cores and a clad that surrounds the cores is disclosed, the structure characterized in that the same material as that of the cores is added to two planes, upper and lower planes, of each of core intersection spaces where the plurality of cores intersect (instead of using a clad material). The structure of a core intersection in an optical waveguide formed of a plurality of cores and a clad is disclosed, the structure characterized in that four planes that divide (isolate) each of core intersection spaces where the plurality of cores intersect, that is, four discontinuity spaces between the core intersection space and the cores connected thereto, are filled with the same material as that of the clad (instead of using a core material so that the core intersection space is seamlessly connected to surrounding core intersection spaces).

ARRAYED WAVEGUIDE GRATING

An arrayed waveguide grating includes input waveguides, an input slab waveguide, n output waveguides, an output slab waveguide, and an arrayed waveguide. Gaps are formed in the output waveguides other than the output waveguides of both sides of an array of the output waveguides, respectively, such that loss increases toward the central side of the array. Sizes of the gaps in the output waveguides increase toward the central side of the array. 1. An arrayed waveguide grating , comprising:at least one input waveguide;and input slab waveguide that is connected to the input waveguide;a plurality of output waveguides;an output slab waveguide that is connected to the output waveguides; andan arrayed waveguide that is connected between the input slab waveguide and the output slab waveguide,wherein gaps are formed in the output waveguides other than at least the output waveguides of both sides of an array of the plurality of output waveguides, respectively, such that loss increases toward the central side of the array,wherein sizes of the gaps in the output waveguides other than at least the output waveguides of both sides of the array are equal to each other,an end of an emission-side waveguide portion that exists at the side of the output slab waveguide of two waveguide portions of the individual output waveguides facing each other through the gaps, is formed with a tapered end where the core width of the emission-side waveguide portion gradually decreases toward the end side of the waveguide portion, anda mode field diameter of the tapered end is smaller than a mode field diameter of the another waveguide portion facing to the tapered end and decreases toward the central side of the array.2. An arrayed waveguide grating , comprising:at least one input waveguide;and input slab waveguide that is connected to the input waveguide;a plurality of output waveguides;an output slab waveguide that is connected to the output waveguides; andan arrayed waveguide that is connected ...

SOA-PLC HYBRID INTEGRATED POLARIZATION DIVERSITY CIRCUIT AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

The invention of the present application provides an SOA-PLC hybrid integrated polarization diversity circuit including a PLC-PBS chip and an SOA-COS whose respective waveguides are coupled to each other. The PLC-PBS chip includes: first and second optical waveguides; a Mach-Zehnder interferometer circuit; and a half-wave plate placed in the first optical waveguide which TM mode light is split into. The SOA-COS includes: a third optical waveguide connected to the first optical waveguide; a fourth optical waveguide connected to the second optical waveguide; and an SOA formed in at least one of the third and fourth optical waveguides. One end of the third optical waveguide and one end of the fourth optical waveguide are connected to a U-turn optical waveguide, the one ends being not connected to the first optical waveguide and the second optical waveguide, respectively. 1. An SOA-PLC hybrid integrated polarization diversity circuit comprising a PLC-PBS chip and an SOA-COS whose respective waveguides are coupled to each other , whereinthe PLC-PBS chip comprises:a first optical waveguide and a second optical waveguide;a Mach-Zehnder interferometer circuit configured to divide inputted light into TM mode light and TE mode light and to output the divided TM mode light to the first optical waveguide and the divided TE mode light to the second optical waveguide; anda polarization rotation mechanism built in the first optical waveguide by which the TM mode light is converted to the TE mode light and the TE mode light is to the TM mode light vice versa,the SOA-COS comprises:a third optical waveguide connected to the first optical waveguide;a fourth optical waveguide connected to the second optical waveguide; andan SOA formed in at least one of the third and fourth optical waveguides, andone end of the third optical waveguide and one end of the fourth optical waveguide are connected to a U-turn optical waveguide, the one ends being not connected to the first optical waveguide ...

OPTICAL INTERCONNECT STRUCTURE

The present invention is an optical interconnect structure characterized by that it comprises an optical waveguide comprising a first core and a connective optical waveguide which is formed on the optical waveguide and comprises a second core, and that a first diffraction grating formed in the first core and a second diffraction grating formed into the second core are arranged such that at least a part of the former faces a part of the latter. 1. An optical interconnect structure comprising:an optical waveguide comprising a first core; anda connective optical waveguide comprising a second core, the connective optical waveguide arranged on said optical waveguide;wherein a first diffraction grating is formed in said first core and a second diffraction grating is formed in said second core in a manner where at least a part of said first diffraction grating is arranged to face a part of said second diffraction grating, andwherein diffracted light from one of the diffraction gratings is coupled to the other of the diffraction gratings.2. The optical interconnect structure according to claim 1 ,wherein said optical waveguide comprises an electrical circuit layer and an optical wiring layer formed on said electrical circuit layer, andwherein said optical wiring layer is configured such that a first cladding layer comprising a first cladding having a lower refractive index than said first core, a first core layer comprising said first core, and a second cladding layer comprising a second cladding having a lower refractive index than said first core are sequentially stacked.3. The optical interconnect structure according to claim 2 ,wherein said connective optical waveguide is configured such that a third cladding layer comprising a third cladding having a lower refractive index than said second core, a second core layer comprising said second core, and a fourth cladding layer comprising a fourth cladding having a lower refractive index than said second core are sequentially ...

INTEGRATED SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE

An integrated semiconductor device includes a substrate including a first portion, a second portion, and a third portion; a first waveguide provided on the first portion, the first waveguide including a base portion and a ridge portion provided on the base portion, the base portion containing a first core layer; a second waveguide provided on the second portion, the second waveguide including a first stripe-shaped mesa containing a second core layer; and a third waveguide provided on the third portion, the third waveguide including a second stripe-shaped mesa containing a third core layer. The first stripe-shaped mesa is connected to the base portion and the ridge portion. The first stripe-shaped mesa is connected to the second stripe-shaped mesa. The second core layer is formed integrally with the first core layer. The third core layer is joined to the second core layer by a butt-joint method. 1. An integrated semiconductor device comprising:a substrate including a first portion, a second portion, and a third portion arranged in that order in a predetermined direction;a first waveguide provided on the first portion, the first waveguide including a base portion and a ridge portion provided on the base portion, the base portion containing a first core layer, the ridge portion extending in the predetermined direction;a second waveguide provided on the second portion, the second waveguide including a first stripe-shaped mesa containing a second core layer and extending in the predetermined direction; anda third waveguide provided on the third portion, the third waveguide including a second stripe-shaped mesa containing a third core layer and extending in the predetermined direction,wherein the first stripe-shaped mesa is connected to the base portion and the ridge portion at one end of the first stripe-shaped mesa,the first stripe-shaped mesa is connected to the second stripe-shaped mesa at other end of the first stripe-shaped mesa,the second core layer is formed ...

OPTICAL TRANSMISSION AND RECEIVING DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING PASSIVE ALIGNMENT OF COMPONENTS AND METHOD FOR PASSIVELY ALIGNING COMPONENTS

An optical device for implementing passive alignment of parts and a method therefore, more particularly an optical device and a method therefore that utilize an alignment reference part arranged on the substrate to passively align an optical element part with a lens-optical fiber connection part 1. An optical device for passive alignment of parts , the optical device comprising:a substrate;an optical element means mounted on the substrate for emitting and receiving light;an optical fiber for implementing optical communication with the optical element means;a lens-optical fiber connection means for collecting light, altering an optical path, and securing and aligning the optical fiber; andan alignment reference means arranged on the substrate for passively aligning the optical element means and the lens-optical fiber connection means.2. The optical device of claim 1 , wherein the alignment reference means is bent in an upper surface claim 1 , a body claim 1 , and a lower surface thereof to form a substantially rectangular receptacle shape claim 1 , and alignment reference means have alignment holes used as alignment reference points claim 1 , and connection pillars used for connecting to substrate holes formed in the substrate.3. The optical device of claim 1 , wherein the lens-optical fiber connection means comprises alignment pillars on a lower end thereof claim 1 , andthe alignment pillars are passively coupled with the alignment reference means.4. The optical device of claim 1 , further comprising one or more light-emitting elements and one or more light-receiving elements to enable an implementation of an optical device for a single channel or for multiple channels.5. The optical device of claim 1 , wherein the optical fiber comprises a multi-channel ribbon optical fiber having one or more optical fibers in an integrated form.6. The optical device of claim 1 , wherein the lens-optical fiber connection means comprises claim 1 , as a single structure:a focusing ...

Light guiding device

A light guiding device is operable to receive incident light emitted by a light source through a capture surface. The received light exits the light guiding device through an exit surface provided adjacent to and aligned with an aperture of light receiver. In this manner, light from the light source can be inserted into the receiver where it may be combined with additional incident light captured by the receiver. The light source might be a projector and the light projected may correspond to operational data relating to the operation of the receiver or images corresponding to data captured by a further receiver device operating with a different form of sensor or in a different region of the spectrum. In order to improve the composite image observed by a user of the light receiving device, the operation of the light source can be controlled to vary the intensity of the light emitted. In one example, this variation can be in response to the ambient light level, as sensed by a suitable sensor. An additional or alternative variation is to vary the intensity in a pulsed manner between a peak and a low level.

Systems and methods for photonic polarization beam splitters

An integrated photonic polarization beam splitter includes an optical coupler having an input port, a first output port, and a second output port. The optical coupler is operable to couple a portion of an input light beam at the input port into the first output port and another portion of the input light beam into the second output port. The integrated photonic polarization beam splitter also includes a first waveguide having a first linear polarizer embedded therein and coupled to the first output port of the optical coupler and a second waveguide having a second linear polarizer embedded therein and coupled to the second output port of the optical coupler.

ARRAYED WAVEGUIDE GRATING MULTIPLEXER-DEMULTIPLEXER

A multiplexer-demultiplexer including: an AWG chip including a first input-output waveguide, a first slab waveguide connected thereto, an arrayed waveguide connected thereto and formed of parallel channel waveguides of different lengths, a second slab waveguide connected thereto, and second input-output waveguides connected thereto; a base plate joined to an underside of the chip; a fixed piece and a movable piece formed by the chip and the base plate being cut across the first or second slab waveguide; a reference plate to which the fixed piece is joined and against which the movable piece is abutted; a member bridging between these pieces and compensating a temperature-dependent shift of a light transmission center wavelength of the multiplexer-demultiplexer by expanding/contracting according to a temperature change and changing relative positions of the pieces; and a clip sandwiching the reference plate and the movable piece allowing the piece to slide on the plate. 1. An arrayed waveguide grating multiplexer-demultiplexer comprising: a first input-output waveguide to and from which light is input and output;', 'a first slab waveguide connected to the first input-output waveguide;', 'an arrayed waveguide connected to the first slab waveguide and formed of a plurality of channel waveguides that have mutually different lengths and are arranged parallel to one another;', 'a second slab waveguide connected to the arrayed waveguide; and', 'a plurality of second input-output waveguides connected to the second slab waveguide, and to and from which light is input and output;, 'an arrayed waveguide grating chip includinga base plate joined to an underside of the arrayed waveguide grating chip;a fixed piece and a movable piece that are formed by the arrayed waveguide grating chip and the base plate being cut into a plurality of pieces at at least one of a cut surface crossing the first slab waveguide and a cut surface crossing the second slab waveguide;a reference plate to ...

OPTICAL SYSTEMS FOR INFRARED TOUCH SCREENS

We present optical systems suitable for focusing two substantially collimated beams or sheets of light propagating in different directions onto a common focal point. In some embodiments the optical systems comprise separate focusing elements for each beam or sheet of light, while in other embodiments the optical systems comprise a focusing element and a redirection element. The optical systems have particular application in the receive optics of infrared touch screens, where they enable the detection of additional light paths that assist in the determination of two or more simultaneous touch events. 1. An optical system comprising a focusing element and a redirection element , wherein said focusing element and said redirection element in combination are adapted to focus a first set of substantially collimated light paths propagating in a first direction onto a common focal point , and wherein said focusing element is adapted to focus a second set of substantially collimated light paths propagating in a second direction , different from said first direction , onto said common focal point.2. An optical system according to claim 1 , further comprising an optical waveguide having an end face proximate to said common focal point claim 1 , such that said first and second sets of light paths are transmitted to and collected by said optical waveguide.3. An optical system according to claim 2 , further comprising a slab waveguide for guiding said first and second sets of light paths in the plane of said slab waveguide towards said end face of said optical waveguide.4. An optical system according to claim 3 , wherein said slab waveguide and said optical waveguide are joined proximate to said common focal point.5. An optical system according to claim 3 , wherein said first and second directions lie in the plane of said slab waveguide.6. An optical system according to claim 3 , wherein said focusing element comprises a refracting element formed by an edge of said slab waveguide ...

SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

A semiconductor device includes a single crystalline substrate, an electrical element and an optical element. The electrical element is disposed on the single crystalline substrate. The electrical element includes a gate electrode extending in a crystal orientation <110> and source and drain regions adjacent to the gate electrode. The source region and the drain region are arranged in a direction substantially perpendicular to a direction in which the gate electrode extends. The optical element is disposed on the single crystalline substrate. The optical element includes an optical waveguide extending in a crystal orientation <010>. 1. A semiconductor device , comprising:a single crystalline substrate;an electrical element on the single crystalline substrate, the electrical element including a gate electrode extending in a crystal orientation <110> and source and drain regions adjacent to the gate electrode, the source region and the drain region arranged in a direction substantially perpendicular to a direction in which the gate electrode extends; andan optical element on the single crystalline substrate, the optical element including an optical waveguide extending in a crystal orientation <010>.2. The semiconductor device of claim 1 , wherein the optical waveguide comprises a core layer and a cladding layer claim 1 , the core layer comprising crystallized silicon claim 1 , and the cladding layer surrounding the core layer.3. The semiconductor device of claim 2 , wherein the cladding layer comprises a material having a refractive index smaller than that of the core layer.4. The semiconductor device of claim 2 , wherein the cladding layer comprises silicon oxide claim 2 , silicon nitride or silicon carbon-nitride.5. The semiconductor device of claim 2 , wherein the core layer is doped with impurities including phosphorous claim 2 , bromine claim 2 , arsenic or carbon.6. The semiconductor device of claim 1 , wherein the optical element further comprises grating ...

OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE, METHOD FOR PRODUCING OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE, OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE MODULE, METHOD FOR PRODUCING OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE MODULE, AND ELECTRONIC APPARATUS

An object is to provide an optical waveguide that has low optical coupling loss when optically coupled with an optical element and that is capable of performing high-quality optical communication, a method for efficiently producing the optical waveguide, an optical waveguide module that is provided with the optical waveguide and is capable of performing high-quality optical communication, a method for efficiently producing the optical waveguide module, and an electronic apparatus. Provided is an optical waveguide including: a core portion; a clad portion that is provided to cover a side surface of the core portion; an optical path-converting unit that is provided partway along the core portion or on an extended line of the core portion and that converts an optical path of the core portion to the outside of the clad portion; and a lens that is provided on a surface of the clad portion at least at a portion optically connected to the core portion via the optical path-converting unit, and that is formed by causing the surface to locally protrude or to be locally depressed. 1. An optical waveguide including:a core portion;a clad portion that is provided to cover a side surface of the core portion;an optical path-converting unit that is provided partway along the core portion or on an extended line of the core portion and that converts an optical path of the core portion to the outside of the clad portion; anda lens that is provided on a surface of the clad portion at least at a portion optically connected to the core portion via the optical paflatth-converting unit, and that is formed by causing the surface to locally protrude or to be locally depressed.2. The optical waveguide according to claim 1 , wherein the lens that is provided on the surface of the clad portion is a Fresnel lens.3. The optical waveguide according to claim 1 , wherein a focal length of the lens that is provided on the surface of the clad portion is set in such a manner that light converged by the ...

Implementing enhanced optical mirror coupling and alignment utilizing two-photon resist

A method, system and computer program product for implementing an enhanced optical mirror coupling and alignment mechanism utilizing two-photon resist. An initial placement is provided for one or more vias on a printed circuit board. A via is filled with a resist. A series of tightly focused light beams suitably exposes the resist at varying depths in the via, the varying depths defining a sloped polymer in the via after removing resist that had not been at the focus of the light beam. The sloped polymer is coated with reflective material to reflect light into or out of the via.

OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE MODULE, METHOD FOR PRODUCING OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE MODULE, AND ELECTRONIC APPARATUS

An object of the present invention is to provide an optical waveguide module which has a small optical coupling loss between the light element and the optical waveguide and can perform high-quality optical communication, a method for producing the optical waveguide module with high efficiency, and an electronic apparatus which includes the optical waveguide module and can perform high-quality optical communication, and the present invention provides an optical waveguide module including: an optical waveguide including a core portion, a clad portion that is provided to cover a side surface of the core portion, and an optical path-converting unit that is provided partway along the core portion or on an extended line of the core portion and that converts an optical path of the core portion to the outside of the clad portion; an optical element that is provided over the clad portion; a circuit board that is provided between the optical waveguide and the optical element and has a through-hole formed along an optical path connecting between the optical path-converting unit and the optical element; and a sealing portion that is transparent and is formed in a gap between the optical element and the circuit board; wherein a part of the sealing portion is inserted into the through-hole, and an inserted portion of the sealing portion functions as a lens for converging signal light passing though the optical path. 1. An optical waveguide module including:an optical waveguide including a core portion, a clad portion that is provided to cover a side surface of the core portion, and an optical path-converting unit that is provided partway along the core portion or on an extended line of the core portion and that converts an optical path of the core portion to the outside of the clad portion;an optical element that is provided over the clad portion;a circuit board that is provided between the optical waveguide and the optical element and has a through-hole formed along an optical ...

COMPACT POLARIZATION-INSENSITIVE OPTICAL RECEIVER

A polarization-insensitive optical receiver for demodulating a phase-modulated input optical signal is provided. The optical receiver includes successively a polarization splitter, a first and second interferometric modules including respective delay lines, and a plurality of detectors. The input optical signal is split into two substantially orthogonally-polarized components, which are launched along respective optical paths into the corresponding interferometric modules where they demodulated and subsequently recombined prior to being detected by the plurality of detectors. Advantageously, the optical receiver allows mitigating undesired discrepancies between the optical paths traveled by the two polarization components by arranging the respective delay lines of the interferometric modules into intertwined spiraling structures. A waveguide assembly including a substrate and a pair of waveguides on the substrate and defining intertwined spiraling structures is also provided, as well as a waveguide coupling assembly for coupling, onto a same detector, two optical signals travelling along two parallel coplanar waveguides. 1. A polarization-insensitive optical receiver for demodulating a phase-modulated input optical signal , the optical receiver comprising:a polarization splitter for splitting the input optical signal into a first and a second polarization component having substantially orthogonal polarization states and for launching the polarization components into a first and a second optical path, respectively;a first and a second interferometric module respectively disposed in the first and second optical paths to receive a respective one of the first and second polarization components, each interferometric module comprising a delay line receiving a portion of the respective polarization component and producing therefrom a time-shifted version of the respective polarization component, each interferometric module being configured to mix the respective ...

Sensing fiber, coil of sensing fiber, and all-fiber current sensor

Embodiments of the present invention provide a sensing fiber, which includes a polarization-maintaining (PM) fiber being spun around a core thereof to have a first, a second, and a third sections, wherein the first section has an increasing rate of spin from a predetermined slow rate to a predetermined fast rate; the second section is spun at the predetermined fast rate; and the third section has a decreasing rate of spin from the predetermined fast rate to the predetermined slow rate. The first and third sections have a substantially same length and changes in rate of spin are substantially symmetric to each other. Embodiments of the present invention also provide a fiber coil made by the sensing fiber, with the first section and the third section being substantially overlapped along the coil, and provide an all-fiber current sensor employing the fiber coil.

OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE DEVICE

An optical waveguide device is provided which can efficiently guide undesired light to the outside of a substrate or the outside of the overall optical waveguides even when optical waveguides are integrated. In the optical waveguide device, an optical waveguide is formed on a substrate, the optical waveguide includes a main waveguide in which signal light propagates and an undesired-light waveguide for removing undesired light from the main waveguide, and the undesired-light waveguide is separated by the main waveguide interposed therebetween at an intersection in which the undesired-light waveguide and the main waveguide intersect each other. 1. An optical waveguide device , comprising:an optical waveguide formed on a substrate, the optical waveguide comprising a main waveguide in which signal light propagates, and an undesired-light waveguide for removing undesired light from the main waveguide,wherein the undesired-light waveguide is separated into two portions by the main waveguide interposed between said two portions at an intersection in which the undesired-light waveguide and the main waveguide intersect each other.2. The optical waveguide device according to claim 1 ,wherein an intersection angle at which a straight line connecting the two portions of the undesired-light waveguide intersects with the main waveguide is in the range of 3 degrees to 177 degrees.3. The optical waveguide device according to claim 1 ,wherein a distance between ends of the undesired-light waveguide portions separated at the intersection with the main waveguide is 10 μm or more.4. The optical waveguide device according to claim 1 ,wherein a width of the undesired-light waveguide portion after the intersection is larger than a width of the undesired-light waveguide portion before the intersection.5. The optical waveguide device according to claim 1 ,wherein a thickness of the substrate is 30 μm or less.6. The optical waveguide device according to claim 1 ,wherein the undesired light ...

ATTENUATED PRIMARY REFLECTION INTEGRATED OPTICAL CIRCUIT

An integrated optical circuit includes a substrate having an input face, an output face, a lower face and an upper face, at least one optical waveguide having a first waveguide end located on the input face of the substrate and a second waveguide end located on the output face of the substrate. The lower face of the substrate includes a first part that is planar and parallel to the upper face and an optical block, the optical block being positioned in the median plane and in the incidence plane, the optical block forming a protrusion at least at the primary reflection point of the integrated optical circuit with respect to the first planar part of the lower face and the optical block being capable of receiving and attenuating at least one non-guided optical beam propagating on the optical path of a primary reflection. 1. An integrated optical circuit comprising:{'b': 10', '1', '2', '4', '3', '5', '4', '3', '5', '1', '2', '3', '4, 'a substrate () including an input face (), an output face (), a lower face (), an upper face () and two side faces (), said lower face (), upper face () and side faces () extending between the input face () and the output face (), the upper face () being planar and opposite to the lower face ();'}{'b': 6', '3', '6', '1', '2, 'at least one optical waveguide () located in a plane parallel to the upper face (), said at least one optical waveguide () extending between said input face () and said output face ();'}{'b': 7', '1', '10', '8', '2', '10, 'at least one first waveguide end () located on the input face () of the substrate () and at least one second waveguide end () located on the output face () of the substrate ();'}{'b': 11', '7', '12', '14', '14', '14', '14', '10', '17', '3', '7', '8', '17', '18', '17', '7', '8', '13', '4', '17, 'i': a', 'b', 'c', 'a, 'said integrated optical circuit being capable of receiving an incident optical beam () on said first waveguide end (), of forming a guided optical beam () propagating in an optically ...

OPTICAL DISPERSION COMPENSATION MODULE USING FIBER BRAGG GRATING WITH MULTIPLE DEGREES OF FREEDOM FOR THE OPTICAL FIELD

Systems and methods are disclosed for enhancing optical communication by performing dispersion compensation in an optical fiber using a fiber Bragg grating (FBG); and providing increased degrees of freedoms (DOFs) to distinguish forward and backward propagating fields with a passive component. 1. A method for optical communication , comprising:performing dispersion compensation in an optical fiber using a fiber Bragg grating (FBG); andproviding increased degrees of freedoms (DOFs) to distinguish forward and backward propagating fields with a passive component.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the DOFs include a number of modes.3. The method of claim 1 , comprising providing multiple cores of a fiber with forward and backward travelling fields are placed on different cores of the fiber and they can be distinguished based on the core that they occupy4. The method of claim 1 , comprising providing different fibers joined by directional couplers claim 1 , wherein forward and backward travelling fields are placed on different predetermined fibers and distinguished based on the predetermined fiber.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein zero circulator is used with the FBG.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the FBG is written on multi-mode fibers.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the FBG is written on few-mode fibers (FMFs).8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the FBG converts a forward travelling optical field traveling in the same direction from one mode to another mode.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the FBG converts a forward travelling optical field traveling in an opposite direction to a different mode.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the FBG converts a forward travelling optical field traveling in an opposite direction to leave the optical field in the same spatial mode but reflected in an opposite direction.11. A communication system claim 1 , comprising:one or more optical fibers; andmeans for writing a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) with dispersion compensation ...

OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE AND ARRAYED WAVEGUIDE GRATING

An optical waveguide provided with a slab waveguide, which has a plurality of phase gratings arranged at a distance from each other in a direction substantially parallel to a light propagation direction and diffracting propagated light and a plurality of interference regions arranged alternately to the plurality of phase gratings in the direction substantially parallel to the light propagation direction and interfering the light diffracted by the plurality of phase gratings, and an arrayed waveguide whose end is connected to an end of the slab waveguide at a position of a constructive interference portion of a self-image formed by the plurality of phase gratings as an integrated phase grating. 1. An optical waveguide comprising:a slab waveguide which has a plurality of phase gratings arranged at a distance from each other in a direction substantially parallel to a light propagation direction and diffracting propagated light, and a plurality of interference regions arranged alternately to the plurality of phase gratings in the direction substantially parallel to the light propagation direction and interfering the light diffracted by the plurality of phase gratings; andan arrayed waveguide whose end is connected to an end of the slab waveguide at a position of a constructive interference portion of a self-image formed by the plurality of phase gratings as an integrated phase grating,wherein the plurality of phase gratings comprises refractive index difference regions arranged in the slab waveguide at a distance from each other in a direction substantially vertical to the light propagation direction and having a refractive index lower than the refractive indices of the plurality of interference regions.2. The optical waveguide according to claim 1 , wherein a phase difference given to incident light by the integrated phase grating is approximately 90 degrees.3. The optical waveguide according to claim 1 , wherein a phase difference given to incident light by the ...

Laser to Chip Coupler

A method and an apparatus for butt-coupling an input beam incoming from a photonic device of a second optical element to a primary photonic chip at an input interface of the primary photonic chip is disclosed. The primary photonic chip comprises a coupling apparatus. The light from the input beam is butt-coupled to the coupling apparatus. The coupling apparatus comprises a plurality of more than one single mode optical paths on the primary photonic chip. The single mode optical paths are strongly coupled to each other at the input interface of the primary photonic chip. Regions of strongly coupled single mode optical paths can correspond to one or both of distinct but highly coupled waveguides or waveguides fully merged into a multi-mode section. 1. A method comprising the steps of:butt-coupling to a primary photonic chip defining a first optical element an input beam incoming from a photonic device of a second optical element at an input interface of the primary photonic chip, whereinthe primary photonic chip comprises a coupling apparatus, having a plurality of single mode optical pathsthe single mode optical paths are strongly coupled to each other at the input interface of the primary photonic chip, such that regions of said strongly coupled single mode optical pathscorrespond to one or both of (i) distinct but highly coupled waveguides and (ii) waveguides fully merged into a multi-mode section, andthe butt-coupling step comprises butt-coupling light from the input beam to the coupling apparatus.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising positioning a third optical element according to the amount of light coupled to each of the single mode optical paths from the input beam so as to directly or indirectly couple a subset of claim 1 , but not all of claim 1 , the single mode optical paths to the third optical element claim 1 , wherein the subset varies depending on the amount of light coupled to each of the single mode optical paths from the input beam when the ...

Nanoparticle waveguide apparatus, system and method

A nanoparticle waveguide apparatus, a nanoparticle waveguide photonic system and a method of photonic transmission employ a nearfield-coupled nanoparticle (NCN) waveguide to cooperatively propagate an optical signal. The nanoparticle waveguide apparatus includes a first optical waveguide adjacent to a second optical waveguide, the first optical waveguide comprising an NCN waveguide having a plurality of nanoparticles. The nanoparticle waveguide photonic system further includes a nearfield coupling (NC) modulator. The method includes providing the NCN waveguides and modulating a coupling between one or both of first and second NCN waveguides and adjacent nanoparticles within one or both of the first and second NCN waveguides.

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A MULTILAYER STRUCTURE WITH A LATERAL PATTERN FOR APPLICATION IN THE XUV WAVELENGTH RANGE, AND BF AND LMAG STRUCTURES MANUFACTURED ACCORDING TO THIS METHOD

Method for manufacturing a multilayer structure with a lateral pattern, in particular of an optical grating for application in an optical device for electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength in the wavelength range between 0.1 nm and 100 nm, comprising the steps of (i) providing a multilayer structure, and (ii) arranging a lateral three-dimensional pattern in the multilayer structure, wherein step (ii) of arranging the lateral pattern is performed by means of a method for nano-imprint lithography (NIL), and BF and LMAG structures manufactured according to this method. 1. Method for manufacturing a multilayer structure with a lateral pattern , in particular of an optical grating for application in an optical device for electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength in the wavelength range between 0.1 nm and 100 nm , comprising the steps of(i) providing a multilayer structure, and(ii) arranging a lateral three-dimensional pattern in the multilayer structure, characterized in thatstep (ii) of arranging the lateral pattern is performed by means of a method for nano-imprint lithography (NIL).2. Method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the method for nano-imprint lithography (NIL) comprises at least the steps of(a) providing a stamp with a stamp pattern corresponding to the lateral three-dimensional pattern to be arranged,(b) applying a layer of a curable resist material to the multilayer structure,(c) arranging the stamp pattern, using the stamp, in the layer of resist material applied according to step (b), and curing this material, and(d) removing from the multilayer structure material not, or at least substantially not covered by resist material in accordance with the stamp pattern while forming the lateral three-dimensional pattern in the multilayer structure.3. Method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the removal of material according to step (d) is performed in accordance with a method for reactive ion etching (RIE).4. Method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the removal ...

WAVEGUIDE SANDWICH SOURCE OF POLARIZATION ENTANGLED PHOTONS

The disclosure is directed at a waveguide sandwich which comprises a pair of host materials, each of the host materials housing a component waveguide. The component waveguides are then placed in physical contact with each other to form a composite waveguide thereby producing a waveguide sandwich. 1. A waveguide sandwich comprising:a first host material including a first component waveguide; anda second host material including a second component waveguide;wherein the first and second component waveguides are in physical contact with each other to form a composite waveguide2. The waveguide sandwich of wherein the first host material is a down conversion crystal producing signal and idler photons.3. The waveguide sandwich of wherein the second host material is a down conversion crystal producing signal and idler photons.4. The waveguide sandwich of wherein the first host material and the second host material are the same.5. The waveguide sandwich of wherein the first host material and the second host material facilitate type-I down conversion.6. The waveguide sandwich of wherein the first host material and the second host material facilitate type II down conversion.7. The waveguide sandwich of wherein a first component waveguide air surface is oriented in a same direction as a polarization direction of the idler photon.8. The waveguide sandwich of wherein a second component waveguide air surface is oriented in a direction normal to a polarization direction of the idler photon.9. The waveguide sandwich of wherein the first and second component waveguides are aligned.10. The waveguide sandwich of wherein the first and second host materials are physically attached to each other.11. The waveguide sandwich of wherein the first and second host materials are attached via an optical cement claim 10 , epoxy or any kind of adhesive12. The waveguide sandwich of further comprising an index matching gel located between the first and second down host materials.13. The waveguide ...

OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE CIRCUIT

An optical waveguide circuit includes a polarization beam splitter connecting to a first input optical waveguide; an optical interference element receiving one of orthogonally polarization-split lights of a first light from the polarization beam splitter, and one of orthogonally-polarized lights from a second light input to a second input optical waveguide, the optical interference element causing interference therebetween; a first connection optical waveguide connecting the polarization beam splitter and the optical interference element; and a second connection optical waveguide connecting the second input optical waveguide and the optical interference element. The first and the second input optical waveguides have a straight-line shape or an S-shape including a first bending portion and a second bending portion to cancel the polarization-rotation of light taking place in the first bending portion. The polarization beam splitter, the first and the second connection optical waveguides, and the optical interference element are arranged in an S-shape. 1. An optical waveguide circuit , comprising:a first and second input optical waveguides to which a first light and a second light are input, respectively;a first polarization beam splitter that connects to the first input optical waveguide;an optical interference element that receives one of two polarized light components that are output from the first polarization beam splitter after the first light is polarization-split by the first polarization beam splitter and orthogonal to each other, and one of two polarized light components that are produced from the second light and orthogonal to each other, the optical interference element causing interference between the input two light components;a first connection optical waveguide that connects the first polarization beam splitter and the optical interference element; anda second connection optical waveguide that connects the second input optical waveguide and the optical ...

OPTICAL ELEMENT AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE OF OPTICAL ELEMENT

A waveguide mounting portion () is formed at one portion of an optical fiber (). The waveguide mounting portion () is formed by cutting away one portion of the optical fiber () in the direction of extension of the optical fiber () at a cross-section passing through a core () of the optical fiber (). A first concave portion () is formed in the waveguide mounting portion (). The first concave portion () is formed by removing the core () of the optical fiber (). A ridge type waveguide () is inserted into the first concave portion (). 1. An optical element , comprising:an optical fiber;a waveguide mounting portion, in which a portion of the optical fiber in a direction of extension of the optical fiber at a cross-section passing through a core of the optical fiber is cut away;a first concave portion, formed in the waveguide mounting portion and formed by removing the core; anda ridge type waveguide, mounted on the waveguide mounting portion and having a convex-shaped cross-section,wherein a ridge portion of the waveguide is inserted into the first concave portion.2. The optical element according to claim 1 , wherein the waveguide mounting portion is provided at an end portion of the optical fiber.3. The optical element according to claim 2 , wherein the waveguide mounting portion is provided at an end portion of the optical fiber.4. The optical element according to claim 1 , further comprising a fixing member which fixes the optical fiber and the waveguide.5. The optical element according to claim 4 , whereinthe waveguide is provided on a substrate,a width of the substrate is greater than a diameter of the optical fiber in plane view, andthe fixing member includes a fixing face which is fixed to a face of the substrate in which the waveguide is formed, and a second concave portion provided in the fixing face and into which the optical fiber is inserted.6. The optical element according to claim 5 , wherein the waveguide is directly joined to the substrate.7. The optical ...

OPTICAL BRANCHING ELEMENT, OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE DEVICE USING OPTICAL BRANCHING ELEMENT, AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING OPTICAL BRANCHING ELEMENT, METHOD OF MANUFACTURING OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE DEVICE

An optical branching element includes: a first waveguide section which has a shape wherein the core width is reduced without variation from a first end section to a second end section; a fourth waveguide section which has a shape wherein the core width is increased without variation from a third end section to a fourth end section respectively connected to the second and a third waveguide sections; and a fifth waveguide section which connects the second end section and the third end section and has a core width of any value from 0.8 μm to 2.7 μm. The relative refractive index of the cores and a clad of the first through fifth waveguide section is at least 1.3% with respect to light in a C band wavelength domain. 1. An optical branching element comprising:a first waveguide section which has a shape in which a core width thereof is reduced without variation from a first end section to a second end section;a fourth waveguide section which has a shape in which a core width thereof is reduced without variation from a third end section to a fourth end section respectively connected to a second and a third waveguide sections; anda fifth waveguide section which connects the second end section and the third end section and has a core width of any value from 0.8 μm to 2.7 μm, wherein a relative refractive index of the cores and a clad of the first through fifth waveguide section is at least 1.3% with respect to light in a C band wavelength domain.2. The optical branching element according to claim 1 , wherein a length of the fifth waveguide section is shorter than 700 μm.3. The optical branching element according to claim 1 , wherein a tapered angle of the fourth waveguide section is less than 3 degrees and greater than a tapered angle of the first waveguide section.4. An optical waveguide device using an optical branching element comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'first and second optical branching elements that are an optical branching element ...

OPTICAL TRANSMISSION-RECEPTION SYSTEM AND LIGHT-RECEIVING UNIT

An optical transmission-reception system includes: a light-emitting element having a first semiconductor multilayer structure with a ring- or disk-like shape and generating a first optical signal and a second optical signal rotating in a direction opposite to the first optical signal; a first optical waveguide optically coupled with the light-emitting element and propagating the first optical signal; a second optical waveguide optically coupled with the light-emitting element and propagating the second optical signal; and a light-receiving element having a second semiconductor multilayer structure with a ring- or disk-like shape, optically coupled with the first and second optical waveguides, and optically receiving the first and second optical signals. The first optical waveguide has a spiral shape at a coupling part with the light-receiving element, and the second optical waveguide has a spiral shape winding in the same direction as the first optical waveguide at a coupling part with the light-receiving element. 1. An optical transmission-reception system comprising:a light-emitting element having a first semiconductor multilayer structure with a ring- or disk-like shape, the light-emitting element generating a first optical signal rotating in the first semiconductor multilayer structure and a second optical signal rotating in a direction opposite to the first optical signal in the first semiconductor multilayer structure;a first optical waveguide optically coupled with the light-emitting element and propagating the first optical signal;a second optical waveguide optically coupled with the light-emitting element and propagating the second optical signal; anda light-receiving element having a second semiconductor multilayer structure with a ring- or disk-like shape, the light-receiving element optically coupled with the first and second optical waveguides, and the light-receiving element optically receiving the first and second optical signals, whereinthe first ...

Optical device

An optical device includes an optical waveguide including a core and a cladding, and includes a wide optical waveguide. An input optical waveguide is connected with one side the wide waveguide and output optical waveguides are connected to an opposite side of the wide waveguide. Center intervals between adjacent ones of the output waveguides meet either a condition 1 that the center intervals are wider than or equal to 4 λ′, where λ′ is the optical wavelength in the wide waveguide, or they meet a condition 2 that the center intervals are narrower than 4 λ′ and adjacent output waveguides are disposed at intervals shorter than a length in which optical signals that propagate through each of the output waveguides interact with each other.

FIBER OPTIC CANTILEVER ACOUSTIC VECTOR SENSOR

A planar or cylindrical, cantilever-type apparatus including a rigid support. The apparatus further includes a first optical fiber connected to the rigid support, the first optical fiber including a first neutral axis and at least one first wave-guiding core running parallel to the first neutral axis and located at a distance from the first neutral axis, each of the at least one first wave-guiding core including at least one first reflector. The apparatus further includes a first membrane surrounding the first optical fiber; and a first liquid inside the first membrane and surrounding the first optical fiber, the first liquid including a Reynolds number less than one. 1. An apparatus comprising:rigid support;a first optical fiber penetrating said rigid support, said first optical fiber comprising a first neutral axis and at least one first wave-guiding core running parallel to the first neutral axis and located at a distance from the first neutral axis, each of the at least one first wave-guiding core comprising at least one first reflector,a first membrane surrounding said first optical fiber; anda first liquid inside the first membrane and surrounding said first optical fiber, said first liquid comprising a Reynolds number less than one.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprisinga second optical fiber penetrating said rigid support, said second optical fiber being oriented perpendicular to said first optical fiber, said second optical fiber comprising a second neutral axis and at least one second wave-guiding core running parallel to the second neutral axis and located at a distance from the second neutral axis, each of the at least one second wave-guiding core comprising at least one second fiber Bragg grating.3. The apparatus according to claim 2 , further comprisinga third optical fiber penetrating said rigid support, said third optical fiber being oriented perpendicular to said first optical fiber and parallel to said second optical fiber, said ...

Integrated Optical Transmission Board and Optical Module

An integrated optical transmission board in accordance with one embodiment of the invention includes: a first optical transmission board having a first optical transmission line; a second optical transmission board having a second optical transmission line; and an optical coupling structure which is disposed between the first optical transmission board and the second optical transmission board and has a third optical transmission line for providing optical connection between the first optical transmission line and the second optical transmission line. The first optical transmission board further has a first engagement portion provided in an area thereof opposed to the optical coupling structure. The optical coupling structure further has a second engagement portion provided in an area thereof opposed to the first optical transmission board so as to make engagement with the first engagement portion. 111-. (canceled)12. An integrated optical transmission board , comprising:a first optical transmission board comprising a first optical transmission line;a second optical transmission board comprising a second optical transmission line;an optical coupling structure which is disposed between the first optical transmission board and the second optical transmission board, and is optically connected with the first optical transmission line and the second optical transmission line; anda mounting portion which is interposed between the first optical transmission board and the second optical transmission board, is located outside the optical coupling structure, and fixed to the first optical transmission board and the second optical transmission board.13. The integrated optical transmission board according to claim 12 , wherein the optical coupling structure comprise epoxy resin.14. The integrated optical transmission board according to claim 12 , wherein the optical coupling structure is located on the first optical transmission board.15. The integrated optical transmission ...

OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE AND ARRAYED WAVEGUIDE GRATING

This optical waveguide is provided with a slab waveguide in which a grating is formed, an arrayed waveguide connected to a position where a constructive interference portion of a self-image of the grating is formed, and a refractive index change region which is formed between the slab waveguide and the arrayed waveguide, in which an average value of a refractive index in a refractive index distribution in a direction substantially vertical to a light propagation direction is averagely increased from the slab waveguide toward the arrayed waveguide, and in which an average value of the refractive index in a refractive index distribution in a direction substantially parallel to the light propagation direction is increased at a central axis of the arrayed waveguide. 1. An optical waveguide comprising:a slab waveguide in which a grating is formed;an arrayed waveguide connected to a position where a constructive interference portion of a self-image of the grating is formed; anda refractive index change region formed between the slab waveguide and the arrayed waveguide, in which an average value of the refractive index in a refractive index distribution in a direction substantially vertical to a light propagation direction is averagely increased from the slab waveguide toward the arrayed waveguide, and in which an average value of the refractive index in a refractive index distribution in a direction substantially parallel to the light propagation direction is increased at a central axis of the arrayed waveguide.2. The optical waveguide according to claim 1 , wherein the refractive index change region is formed in a portion between the slab waveguide and the arrayed waveguide.3. The optical waveguide according to claim 1 , wherein the refractive index change region comprises:a high refractive index region which has a tapered shape in which the width in the direction substantially vertical to the light propagation direction is increased from the slab waveguide toward the ...

Optical Mechanism Of Miniaturized Optical Spectrometers

An optical mechanism for a miniaturized spectrometer comprises an input unit, an upper waveguide plate, a lower waveguide plate, and a miniature diffraction grating. The input unit is used to receive an optical signal and direct the optical signal to the interior of the optical mechanism. The upper waveguide plate has a first reflective surface. The lower waveguide plate having a second reflective surface aligned substantially parallel to the upper waveguide plate. The first reflective surface is located opposite to the second reflective surface. An optical channel is formed between the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface, so that optical signal from the input unit can travel in the optical channel. The miniature diffraction grating separates the optical signal transmitted in the optical channel into a plurality of spectral components and directs the spectral components to an image capture module at an end of the miniaturized spectrometer. 1. An optical mechanism of a miniaturized spectrometer , comprising:an input unit that receives an optical signal and directs the optical signal to an interior of the optical mechanism;a first waveguide plate having a first reflective surface;a second waveguide plate substantially parallel to the first waveguide plate, the second waveguide plate having a second reflective surface opposite the first reflective surface, the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface forming an optical channel for transmitting the optical signal; anda miniature diffraction grating that separates the optical signal into a plurality of spectral components received by an image capture module located at an end of the miniaturized spectrometer.2. The optical mechanism of the miniaturized spectrometer of claim 1 , further comprising:a first light extinction module and a second light extinction module that are arranged on opposite sides of the optical channel, a respective cross-section of each of the first light ...

LIGHT-TRAPPING SHEET AND ROD, AND LIGHT-RECEIVING DEVICE AND LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICE USING THE SAME

A light-trapping sheet of the present disclosure includes: a light-transmitting sheet; and light-coupling structures arranged in an inner portion of the light-transmitting sheet. The light-coupling structure includes first, second and third light-transmitting layers. A refractive index of the first and second light-transmitting layers is smaller than that of the light-transmitting sheet; and a refractive index of the third light-transmitting layer is larger than those of the first and second light-transmitting layers. The third light-transmitting layer has a diffraction grating parallel to the surfaces of the light-transmitting sheet. The light-trapping sheet further includes a transparent cover sheet opposing at least one of the surfaces of the light-transmitting sheet with a gap interposed therebetween. 1. A light-trapping sheet comprising:a light-transmitting sheet having first and second principal surfaces; anda plurality of light-coupling structures arranged in an inner portion of the light-transmitting sheet at a first and second distance from the first and second principal surfaces, respectively, wherein:each of the plurality of light-coupling structures includes a first light-transmitting layer, a second light-transmitting layer, and a third light-transmitting layer sandwiched therebetween;a refractive index of the first and second light-transmitting layers is smaller than a refractive index of the light-transmitting sheet; a refractive index of the third light-transmitting layer is larger than the refractive index of the first and second light-transmitting layers; and the third light-transmitting layer has a diffraction grating parallel to the first and second principal surfaces of the light-transmitting sheet; andthe light-trapping sheet further comprises a transparent cover sheet opposing at least one of the first and second principal surfaces of the light-transmitting sheet with a gap interposed therebetween.2. The light-trapping sheet of claim 1 , ...

WAVEGUIDE-TYPE POLARIZATION BEAM SPLITTER

Provided is a waveguide-type polarization beam splitter in which deterioration of a polarization extinction ratio due to temperature change and wavelength change is suppressed. A groove is formed to extend across a pair of optical waveguide arms and two quarter wave plates are provided in the groove to extend respectively across the arms. Polarization axes of the quarter wave plates are orthogonal to each other. A first optical coupler which gives a phase difference of 0° or 180° between coupled or split light beams and a second optical coupler which gives a phase difference of 90° or −90° between coupled or split light beams are used in combination. 1. A waveguide-type polarization beam splitter formed on a substrate , the waveguide-type polarization beam splitter comprising:one or two input optical waveguides;a first optical coupler optically coupled to the one or two input optical waveguides and having one input and two outputs or two inputs and two outputs;a pair of optical waveguide arms optically coupled to the outputs of the first optical coupler; anda second optical coupler optically coupled to the pair of optical waveguide arms and having two inputs and one output or two inputs and two outputs,a groove is provided to extend across the pair of optical waveguide arms, two quarter wave plates are inserted in the groove to extend respectively across the pair of optical waveguide arms, and polarization axes of the respective two quarter wave plates are orthogonal to each other, andone of the first optical coupler and the second optical coupler is an optical coupler which gives a phase shift of about 90° or about −90° between coupled or split light beams, and another one of the first optical coupler and the second optical coupler is an optical coupler which gives a phase shift of about 0° or about 180° between coupled or split light beams.2. The waveguide-type polarization beam splitter according to claim 1 , wherein the optical coupler which gives the phase ...

POLARIZATION-INSENSITIVE OPTICAL FILTER WHICH HAS RESONANT GRATINGS AND IS ADJUSTABLE ACCORDING TO THE INCIDENCE ANGLE

The invention relates to a polarization-insensitive optical filter centered on a wavelength (λ) measured in vacuum, comprising: first and second waveguides each having a propagation mode; a first grating formed in or on the surface of the first waveguide, the first grating being periodical at least along a first axis Ox defining a first orthonormal base Oxyz; a second grating formed in or on the surface of the second waveguide, the second grating being periodical at least along a second axis Oxy′ defining a second orthonormal base Ox′y′z; wherein the first and second grating are provided above each other and are such that the first axis Ox and the second axis Ox′ define an angle ξ different from ±π/2 radians so that, when the first grating is illuminated by a light beam, the first and second propagation modes are excited and have orthogonal fields for a predetermined angle of incidence of the light beam. 1. An optical filter insensitive to polarisation centred on a wavelength (λ) measured in a vacuum , comprising:a first and a second waveguides each supporting a propagation mode;a first grating formed in or on the surface of the first waveguide, the first grating being periodic at least along a first axis Ox defining a first orthonormal base Oxyz;a second grating formed in or on the surface of the second waveguide, the second grating being periodic at least along a second axis Oxy′ defining a second orthonormal base Ox′y′z;the first and the second gratings are arranged above each other and are such that the first axis Ox and the second axis Ox′ form an angle ξ different to +−π/2 radians such that when the first grating is illuminated by a light beam the first and second propagation modes are excited and their fields are orthogonal for an angle of incidence of the determined light beam.2. The optical filter according to claim 1 , in which the first grating and the second gratings are identical and each comprises a series of identical patterns or grooves of period d=d ...

OPTICAL CONNECTOR WITH REDUCED MECHANICAL-ALIGNMENT SENSITIVITY

An optical connector is described. This optical connector spatially segregates optical coupling between an optical fiber and an optical component, which relaxes the associated mechanical-alignment requirements. In particular, the optical connector includes an optical spreader component disposed on a substrate. This optical spreader component is optically coupled to the optical fiber at a first coupling region, and is configured to optically couple to the optical component at a second coupling region that is at a different location on the substrate than the first coupling region. Moreover, the first coupling region and the second coupling region are optically coupled by an optical waveguide. 1. An optical connector , comprising:an optical fiber; and a first coupling region that is optically coupled to the optical fiber;', 'an optical waveguide that is optically coupled to the first coupling region; and', 'a second coupling region that is optically coupled to the optical waveguide, and which is configured to optically couple to the optical component, wherein a location of the second coupling region is different than a location of the first coupling region;', 'a second optical connector including an optical spreader component disposed on a second substrate, wherein the second coupling region is optically coupled to a third coupling region on the second optical connector., 'an optical spreader component, disposed on a substrate, configured to spatially segregate optical coupling between the optical fiber and an optical component, wherein the optical spreader component includes2. The optical connector of claim 1 , wherein the optical component includes an optical source.3. The optical connector of claim 1 , wherein a mechanical alignment tolerance of optical coupling between the optical connector and the optical component is larger than a carrier wavelength of an optical signal conveyed via the optical fiber.4. The optical connector of claim 1 , wherein the optical ...

THERMALLY COMPENSATED ARRAYED WAVEGUIDE GRATING ASSEMBLIES

Arrayed waveguide grating can have one or both slab waveguides with relatively sharply folded optical paths and a mirror that provides the folding of the path. The folded optical paths through the slab waveguides can result in a more compact geometry of the waveguides through the device as well as smaller slab waveguides such that the device can be formed with a significantly smaller overall footprint. Also, arrayed waveguide gratings that cooperate with pivotable mirrors can adjust light passage through the waveguide in response to temperature changes to provide for thermally compensated operation of the device. Thus, very compact planar lightwave circuits filters are described that provide thermally compensated operation. 1. A method for adjusting the optical path through a dispersive element of a planar lightwave circuit comprising:a combined signal waveguide;a set of dispersed signal waveguides;a first slab waveguide;a first mirror optically connected to the first slab waveguide;a mirror assembly supporting the first mirror;a waveguide array; anda second slab waveguide,wherein the waveguide array optically connects the first slab waveguide and the second slab waveguide to provide an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG), wherein the combined signal waveguide or the set of dispersed signal waveguides is optically connected at an access edge to the first slab waveguide and the other of the combined signal waveguide or the set of dispersed signal waveguides is optically connected to the second slab waveguide and wherein an optical path through the first slab waveguide from the access edge is folded by providing an optical reflection from the mirror to the array edge connecting the waveguide array and the appropriate element of the combined signal waveguide or the set of dispersed signal waveguides, and wherein the mirror assembly comprises a manually adjustable actuator that sets the wavelength response of the AWG by tuning the position of the central wavelength optical ...

OPTICAL PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

An optical printed circuit board according to the embodiment includes an insulating layer; an optical wave guide buried in the insulating layer to transmit an optical signal; and an optical path converting part provided on at least one end of the optical wave guide to convert a transmission path of the optical signal defined by the optical wave guide such that the transmission path has a predetermined curvature. 1. An optical printed circuit board comprising:an insulating layer;an optical wave guide buried in the insulating layer to transmit an optical signal; andan optical path converting part provided on at least one end of the optical wave guide to convert a transmission path of the optical signal defined by the optical wave guide such that the transmission path has a predetermined curvature.2. The optical printed circuit board of claim 1 , wherein the optical path converting part comprises:a first optical path converting part provided on a first end of the optical wave guide to convert the transmission path of the optical signal; anda second optical path converting part provided on a second end of the optical wave guide in opposition to the first end to convert the transmission path of the optical signal.3. The optical printed circuit board of claim 2 , wherein the first and second optical path converting parts convert the transmission path of the optical signal defined by the optical wave guide such that the transmission path has a predetermined curvature of an obtuse angle.4. The optical printed circuit board of claim 3 , wherein the first and second optical path converting parts include thermosetting insulating materials surrounding the optical wave guide to keep the optical wave guide at the obtuse angle.5. The optical printed circuit board of claim 3 , wherein the optical wave guide comprises:a first region parallel to a top surface or a bottom surface of the insulating layer;a second region extending from one end of the first region and having a ...

OPTICAL FIBER FOR A LIGHTING DEVICE

An optical fiber for a lighting device comprises: a coupling section that exhibits at least one coupling surface for coupling of light in the optical fiber; a fiber-optics section that extends along a main fiber-optics line that is limited by at least one main fiber-optics surface extending along the main fiber-optics line and such that the light can be conducted along the main fiber-optics line, starting from the coupling section, by internal total reflection at the main fiber-optics surface; and a plurality of decoupling components. Each decoupling component is disposed on the main fiber-optics surface such that light from the optical fiber can be fully decoupled by a respective light-emitting surface of the optical fiber assigned thereto. The decoupling components on the main fiber-optics surface are disposed such that they are offset along the main fiber-optics line. A fiber-optics device comprises first and second ones of the optical fiber. 150901101205090110120. An optical fiber ( , , , ) for a lighting device , the optical fiber ( , , , ) comprising:{'b': 12', '14', '50', '90', '110', '120, 'a coupling section () that exhibits at least one coupling surface () for coupling of light in the optical fiber (, , , );'}{'b': 52', '92', '112', '124', '18', '54', '94', '114', '121', '123', '18', '12', '54', '94', '114', '121', '123', '18, 'a fiber-optics section (, , , ) that extends along a main fiber-optics line () that is limited by at least one main fiber-optics surface (, , , -) extending along the main fiber-optics line () and such that light can be conducted, starting from the coupling section (), by total reflection at the main fiber-optics surface (, , , -) along the main fiber-optics line (); and'}{'b': 30', '64', '70', '72', '82', '98', '116', '125', '30', '64', '70', '72', '82', '98', '116', '125', '54', '94', '114', '121', '123', '50', '90', '110', '120', '38', '78', '50', '90', '110', '120', '30', '64', '70', '72', '82', '98', '116', '125', '54', '94', ' ...

INTEGRATED OPTOELECTRONIC MODULE

An integrated optoelectronic module comprising: a semiconductor substrate; a single-mode optical waveguide comprising a semiconductor with a signal input section at a first end; a multi-mode optical waveguide comprising a semiconductor connected to a second end of the single-mode optical waveguide; and a photodiode disposed on and adjacent to the multi-mode interferometer waveguide and having at least one optical absorption layer section, wherein the single-mode optical waveguide, the multi-mode optical waveguide, and the photodiode being stacked on the semiconductor substrate, wherein the multi-mode interferometer waveguide comprises a reflection section formed by partly grooving the multi-mode interferometer waveguide, and an optical signal having propagated through the multi-mode interferometer waveguide is reflected by the reflection section and focused on the optical absorption layer section. 1. An integrated optoelectronic module comprising:a semiconductor substrate;a single-mode optical waveguide comprising a semiconductor with a signal input section at a first end;a multi-mode optical waveguide comprising a semiconductor connected to a second end of the single-mode optical waveguide; anda photodiode disposed on and adjacent to the multi-mode interferometer waveguide and having at least one optical absorption layer section,wherein the single-mode optical waveguide, the multi-mode optical waveguide, and the photodiode being stacked on the semiconductor substrate,wherein the multi-mode interferometer waveguide comprises a reflection section formed by partly grooving the multi-mode interferometer waveguide, and an optical signal having propagated through the multi-mode interferometer waveguide is reflected by the reflection section and focused on the optical absorption layer section.2. The integrated optoelectronic module according to claim 1 , wherein the multi-mode interferometer waveguide is a semiconductor claim 1 , andthe reflection section is formed by ...

COMPACT MODE-SIZE TRANSITION USING A FOCUSING REFLECTOR

Disclosed herein are techniques, methods, structures and apparatus for optically coupling optical waveguides and optical structures exhibiting different widths in which In which a focusing reflector is used to optically couple a relatively wide optical waveguide to a relatively narrow optical waveguide. An exemplary method according to the present disclosure comprises the steps of: providing the first waveguide that is 5 or more wavelengths in width; providing the second waveguide that is 3 or less wavelengths in width; coupling light emanating from the first waveguide to the second waveguide through the effect of a slab waveguide having a curved edge. 1. A method of optically coupling a first waveguide to a second waveguide comprising the steps of:providing the first waveguide that is 5 or more wavelengths in width;providing the second waveguide that is 3 or less wavelengths in width;coupling light emanating from the first waveguide to the second waveguide through the effect of a slab waveguide having a curved edge.2. The method according to wherein said first waveguide comprises an optical grating.3. The method according to wherein said first waveguide comprises a 2-D optical grating and said slab waveguide comprises a plurality of curved edges claim 1 , one for each of the edges of the 2-D optical grating.6. A apparatus that optically couples a first waveguide to a second waveguide comprising:the first waveguide that is 5 or more wavelengths in width;the second waveguide that is 3 or less wavelengths in width;a slab waveguide having a curved edge interposed between the first waveguide and the second waveguide and configured such that light emanating from the first waveguide is coupled to the second waveguide through the effect of the curved edge.7. The apparatus according to wherein said first waveguide comprises an optical grating.8. The apparatus according to wherein said first waveguide comprises a 2-D optical grating and said slab waveguide comprises a ...

CLADDING DEFINED TRANSMISSION GRATING

Disclosed herein are techniques, methods, structures and apparatus for providing photonic structures and integrated circuits with optical gratings disposed within cladding layer(s) of those structures and circuits. 1. A photonic structure including a cladding defined grating , said structure comprising:a core region; anda cladding region adjacent to the core region;a optical grating defined in the cladding region.2. The photonic structure according to wherein said cladding region comprises a stack of cladding layers.3. The photonic structure according to wherein said cladding layers have an effective refractive index lower than the effective refractive index of at least one layer in the core region.4. The photonic structure according to wherein said optical grating is a transmission grating defined in at least one cladding layer claim 3 , said transmission grating exhibiting an effective refractive index lower than at least one core layer.5. The photonic structure of wherein the transmission grating overlaps partly with the evanescent field of an optical mode in the core region.6. The photonic structure of wherein optical confinement of the optical mode is locally controlled by varying the thickness of core layer(s).7. The photonic structure of wherein the transmission grating diffracts light to the first order diffraction.8. The photonic structure of wherein the first order diffraction is phase matched to an optical waveguide mode.9. The photonic structure of wherein the first order diffraction is a plane wave in the cladding region.10. The photonic structure of including a plurality of optical gratings respectively disposed in a plurality of cladding layers. This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/664,614 filed JUNE , which is incorporated by reference in its entirety as if set forth at length herein.This disclosure relates generally to the field of optical communications and in particular to techniques, methods and ...

OPTICAL MODULE OF MICRO SPECTROMETER WITH TAPERED SLIT AND SLIT STRUCTURE THEREOF

An optical module of a micro spectrometer with tapered slit and slit structure thereof. The optical module includes an input section and a micro diffraction grating. The input section includes a slit structure, which receives a first optical signal and outputs a second optical signal travelling along a first optical path. The slit structure includes a substrate and a slit, which penetrates through the substrate and has a gradually reduced dimension from a first surface of the substrate to a second surface of the substrate. The micro diffraction grating, disposed on the first optical path, receives the second optical signal and separates the second optical signal into a plurality of spectrum components travelling along a second optical path. The optical module of the micro spectrometer with the tapered slit and slit structure thereof according to the embodiment of the invention can be manufactured in a mass-production manner using the semiconductor manufacturing processes, so that the cost can be decreased, and the slit can have a smooth surface, which avoids the negative effect on the incident light. 1. An optical module of a micro spectrometer , the optical module comprising:an input section, comprising a slit structure, which receives a first optical signal and outputs a second optical signal travelling along a first optical path, wherein the slit structure comprises a substrate and a slit, which penetrates through the substrate and has a gradually reduced dimension from a first surface of the substrate to a second surface of the substrate; anda micro diffraction grating, which is disposed on the first optical path, receives the second optical signal and separates the second optical signal into a plurality of spectrum components travelling along a second optical path.2. The optical module according to claim 1 , further comprising a waveguide claim 1 , which guides the second optical signal claim 1 , passing through the input section claim 1 , to the micro ...

Passive Periodic-Slot Waveguide As An Optical Filter And Phase Reference

A device that filters optical signals using a waveguide having a slotted optical pathway. The shape of the optical pathway passively restricts at least one optical signal from traveling through the waveguide. The device can also be used to reference the phase of an optical signal in an optical circuit.

Method and system for grating couplers incorporating perturbed waveguides

Methods and systems for grating couplers incorporating perturbed waveguides are disclosed and may include in a semiconductor photonics die, communicating optical signals into and/or out of the die utilizing a grating coupler on the die, where the grating coupler comprises perturbed waveguides. The perturbed waveguides may comprise a variable width along their length. The grating coupler may comprise a single polarization grating coupler comprising perturbed waveguides and a non-perturbed grating. The grating coupler may comprise a polarization splitting grating coupler (PSCC) that includes two sets of perturbed waveguides at a non-zero angle, or a plurality of non-linear rows of discrete shapes. The PSCC may comprise discrete scatterers at an intersection of the sets of perturbed waveguides. The grating couplers may be etched in a silicon layer on the semiconductor photonics die or deposited on the semiconductor photonics die. The grating coupler may comprise individual scatterers between the perturbed waveguides.

TRANSPARENT DIFFUSER FOR LIGHTING AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURING TRANSPARENT DIFFUSER

A light diffuser panel for coupling to an optical element, includes a substrate with a first surface that is diffusive to a plurality of wavelengths of light and a second surface, wherein the substrate comprises a material with a refractive index nthat is greater than a refractive index nof a medium outside of the first surface, λis a minimum wavelength of the plurality of wavelengths of light, λis a maximum wavelength of the plurality of wavelengths of light, the first surface is a diffractive grating surface with a grating period P, the grating period P is greater than λ/(n+n), and P is smaller than λ. 1. A light diffuser panel for coupling to an optical element , comprising:a substrate with a first surface that is diffusive to a plurality of wavelengths of light and a second surface;{'sub': in', 'd, 'wherein the substrate comprises a material with a refractive index nthat is greater than a refractive index nof a medium outside of the first surface,'}{'sub': 'min', 'λis a minimum wavelength of the plurality of wavelengths of light,'}{'sub': 'max', 'λis a maximum wavelength of the plurality of wavelengths of light,'}the first surface is a diffractive grating surface with a grating period P,{'sub': max', 'd', 'in, 'the grating period P is greater than λ/(n+n), and'}{'sub': 'min', 'P is smaller than λ.'}2. The light diffuser panel according to claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises at least one location on an edge of the substrate configured to receive the plurality of wavelengths of light from a light emitting element claim 1 , at an angle of incidence relative to a normal of one of the first surface and the second surface claim 1 ,the angle of incidence being greater than a critical angle of the substrate, such that the plurality of wavelengths of light are waveguided in the substrate by total internal reflection and diffused by diffraction to allow a portion of at least one of the plurality of wavelengths of light to exit the substrate from at least one of the ...

Lightwave Circuit and Method for Manufacturing Same

Provided are a lightwave circuit and a method of manufacturing the same. The lightwave circuit includes a first substrate having an engraved core formation groove which is formed on an upper portion of the first substrate, a core layer which is formed inside the engraved core formation groove, a BPSG bonding layer which is formed on the first substrate including the core layer, and a second substrate which is formed on the BPSG bonding layer. Accordingly, light loss and branching uniformity of the lightwave circuit are effectively improved, and the lightwave circuit is manufactured simply and inexpensively while also further improving light loss and branching uniformity of the lightwave circuit.

Sensor Fiber Having a Multicore Optical Waveguide Including Fiber Bragg Gratings

A sensor fiber for the detection of changes of temperature, bending, and/or torsion includes a multicore optical waveguide with a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) structure. One embodiment contains at least two FBG cores and a surrounding cladding. The sensor fiber is characterized by one or more distinction and orientation means which produce a marker zone to assign and label each individual FBG core. 1. A sensor fiber , comprising: a fiber Bragg grating structure with at least two fiber Bragg grating cores; and', 'a cladding material surrounding the at least two fiber Bragg grating cores,', 'wherein the fiber Bragg grating structure is configured and arranged such that orientation of the fiber Bragg grating structure and the fiber Bragg grating cores is detectable., 'a multicore optical waveguide, comprising2. The sensor fiber of wherein the at least two fiber Bragg grating cores are arranged in non-cylindrical asymmetry within the cladding material and the number of fiber Bragg grating cores is selected in order to enable explicit labeling.3. The sensor fiber of wherein the fiber Bragg grating structure further includes a detectable marker zone.4. The sensor fiber of wherein the detectable marker zone further comprises a capillary.5. The sensor fiber of wherein the capillary is filled with an analyte.6. The sensor fiber of wherein the detectable marker zone further comprises a mechanical tension-inducing rod wherein the induced tension results in a detectable change in optical properties of a nearby fiber Bragg grating core of the at least two fiber Bragg grating cores.7. The sensor fiber of wherein the at least two fiber Bragg grating cores are asymmetrically-aligned thereby forming a hole filled with cladding material.8. The sensor fiber of wherein the cladding material is not be able to guide light.9. The sensor fiber of wherein the cladding material is able to guide light.10. The sensor fiber of wherein each of the at least two fiber Bragg grating cores has an outer ...

ABERRATION CORRECTED SHORT WORKING DISTANCE OPTICAL PROBE WITH LARGE CONFOCAL PARAMETER

An optical probe is provided. The optical probe includes a lens extending along an axis between a first end and a second end. A spacer extends along the axis between a first end and a second end. The first end of the spacer is connected to the second end of the lens. A prism is connected to the second end of the spacer such that the prism is spaced apart from the lens by the spacer. 1. An optical probe , comprising:a lens extending along an axis between a first end and a second end;a spacer extending along the axis between a first end and a second end, the first end of the spacer being connected to the second end of the lens; anda prism connected to the second end of the spacer such that the prism is spaced apart from the lens by the spacer.2. An optical probe as recited in claim 1 , wherein the first end of the spacer is directly connected to the second end of the lens and the prism is directly connected to the second end of the spacer.3. An optical probe as recited in claim 1 , wherein:the spacer is connected to the lens using an epoxy having an index of refraction that matches an index of refraction of at least one of the spacer and the lens; andthe spacer is connected to the prism using an epoxy having an index of refraction that matches an index of refraction of at least one of the spacer and the prism.4. An optical probe as recited in claim 1 , wherein the first end of the spacer is fused to the second end of the lens and the prism is fused to the second end of the spacer.5. An optical probe as recited in claim 1 , wherein the probe is configured to emit a light path from the prism such that the light path extends at angle between about 1 and about 10 degrees relative to a second axis that extends perpendicular to the axis.6. An optical probe as recited in claim 1 , wherein the probe is configured to emit a light path from the prism such that the light path extends at angle of 4 degrees relative to a second axis that extends perpendicular to the axis.7. An ...

SUB-WAVELENGTH GRATING-BASED OPTICAL ELEMENTS

Planar, polarization insensitive, optical elements to control refraction of transmitted light in free space are disclosed. In one aspect, an optical element includes a substrate having a planar surface, and a polarization insensitive, high contrast, sub-wavelength grating composed of posts that extend from the planar surface. The grating has at least one region. Within each region, cross-sectional dimensions of the posts and/or lattice arrangement of the posts are nonperiodically varied to control refraction of light transmitted through the optical element. 1. An optical element comprising:a substrate having a planar surface; anda polarization insensitive, high contrast, sub-wavelength grating composed of posts that extend from the planar surface, the grating having at least one region wherein cross-sectional dimensions of the posts and/or lattice arrangement of the posts are nonperiodically varied to control refraction of light transmitted through the optical element.2. The element of claim 1 , wherein the lattice arrangement of the posts further comprises the posts having at least one two-dimensional regular geometrical lattice arrangement.3. The element of claim 1 , wherein within each region the cross-sectional dimensions of the posts are nonperiodically varied further comprises within each region the cross-sectional dimensions of the posts nonperiodically and systematically varied in a first direction parallel to the planar surface and the cross-sectional dimensions of the posts are constant in a second direction parallel to the planar surface claim 1 , the second direction perpendicular to the first direction.4. The element of claim 1 , wherein within each region the cross-sectional dimensions of the posts are nonperiodically varied further comprises within each region the cross-sectional dimensions of the posts nonperiodically and systematically varied away from the center of the grating.5. The element of claim 1 , wherein within each region cross-sectional ...

SPECTRALLY DENSE COMB-LIKE FILTERS FASHIONED WITH THICK-GUIDED-MODE RESONANT GRATINGS

An apparatus, system, and method for spectrally dense comb-like filters fashioned with thick-guided-mode resonant gratings. A guided-mode resonance (GMR) filter has a film having a thickness many times larger than a wavelength of operation and the film has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The GMR filter further has a periodic pattern on the first surface of the film and an antireflection layer on the second surface of the film. 1. A guided-mode resonance (GMR) filter comprising:a film having a thickness many times larger than a wavelength of operation, where the film has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface;a periodic pattern on the first surface of the film; andan antireflection layer on the second surface of the film.2. The GMR filter of claim 1 , where the wavelength of operation is in the telecommunications C band.3. The GMR filter of claim 1 , where the thickness is between about 5 μm and 1500 μm.4. The GMR filter of claim 1 , where the thickness is between about 100 μm and 500 μm.5. The GMR filter of claim 1 , where the periodic pattern has a period sufficiently small such that diffraction orders outside the device are cut off.6. The GMR filter of claim 1 , where the filter is configured to reflect light as a comb-like filter.7. The GMR filter of claim 6 , where the comb-like filter is configured to be fitted to an ITU grid.8. The GMR filter of claim 1 , where the periodic pattern is in an antireflective layer coupled to the film.9. The GMR filter of claim 1 , where the periodic pattern is inscribed in the film.10. The GMR filter of claim 1 , further comprising a second periodic layer on the second surface of the film.11. The GMR filter of claim 10 , where the periodic pattern is orthogonal to the second periodic layer.12. The GMR filter of claim 1 , where the periodic pattern exhibits one-dimensional periodicity.13. The GMR filter of claim 1 , where the periodic pattern exhibits two-dimensional ...

Optoelectric Integrated Circuit

A semiconductor device includes a substrate supporting a plurality of layers that include at least one modulation doped quantum well (QW) structure offset from a quantum dot in quantum well (QD-in-QW) structure. The modulation doped QW structure includes a charge sheet spaced from at least one QW by a spacer layer. The QD-in-QW structure has QDs embedded in one or more QWs. The QD-in-QW structure can include at least one template/emission substructure pair separated by a barrier layer, the template substructure having smaller size QDs than the emission substructure. A plurality of QD-in-QW structures can be provided to support the processing (emission, absorption, amplification) of electromagnetic radiation of different characteristic wavelengths (such as optical wavelengths in range from 1300 nm to 1550 nm). The device can realize an integrated circuit including a wide variety of devices that process electromagnetic radiation at a characteristic wavelength(s) supported by the QDs of the QD-in-QW structure(s). Other semiconductor devices are also described and claimed.

Resonant Waveguide-Grating Devices And Methods For Using Same

Waveguide gratings, biosensors, and methods of using a waveguide grating, including as a biosensor. 1. A method of using a waveguide grating , comprising: at least one waveguide having an end, the end having an endface; and', 'a waveguide grating fabricated on the endface of the at least one waveguide, the waveguide grating having at least one waveguide layer and at least one grating layer;, 'contacting a waveguide grating device with a medium, the waveguide grating device comprisingwhere the contacting comprises contacting the waveguide grating with the medium; at least one attribute of the light is consequently modified; and', 'a guided-mode resonance peak or minimum occurs in light that is reflected from the waveguide grating or in light that is transmitted through the waveguide grating; and, 'directing light through the at least one waveguide such that the light contacts the waveguide grating, the waveguide grating being configured such thatdetermining at least one parameter of the medium using the modified attribute.2. (canceled)3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the light is directed from a laser.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the light is directed from a broadband source.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the light is directed from a light emitting diode.6. (canceled)7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the determining involves the use of an optical spectrum analyzer.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one attribute comprises the spectral content of the light.9. (canceled)1092.-. (canceled)93. A method of using a waveguide grating as a biosensor claim 1 , comprising:contacting a guided-mode resonance waveguide grating with a medium, the guided-mode resonance waveguide grating having at least one waveguide layer, at least one grating layer, and biologically sensitive material;directing light toward the guided-mode resonance waveguide grating such that the light contacts the waveguide grating, the guided-mode resonance waveguide grating being ...

OPTICAL FIBER GRATING TRACKER AND METHOD FOR DETECTING OPTICAL FIBER LINE FAULT

An optical fiber grating tracker includes a first stub, a second stub, an optical fiber grating, and a connection part. The connection part has a through hole. The first stub is inserted into one end of the through hole. The second stub is inserted into the other end of the through hole. An interval exists between the first stub and the second stub. The optical fiber grating is in the through hole and in the interval. A space in the through hole is filled with a waterproof material. The optical fiber grating tracker and the method for detecting an optical fiber line fault can detect an optical fiber fault from an optical fiber truck to the optical fiber grating tracker through an optical splitter, and meanwhile do not affect normal communication of an original optical communication network. 1. An optical fiber grating tracker , comprising a first stub , a second stub , an optical fiber grating , and a connection part , wherein the connection part has a through hole , the first stub is inserted into one end of the through hole , the second stub is inserted into the other end of the through hole , an interval exists between the first stub and the second stub , the optical fiber grating is in the through hole and in the interval , and a space in the through hole is filled with a waterproof material; orcomprising a first stub, a second stub, an optical fiber grating, and a connection part, wherein the connection part has a through hole, the first stub is inserted into one end of the through hole, the second stub is inserted into the other end of the through hole, one end of the first stub in the through hole and/or one end of the second stub in the through hole is provided with a cavity, the optical fiber grating is in the cavity, and the cavity is filled with a waterproof material.2. The optical fiber grating tracker according to claim 1 , wherein the waterproof material is silicone oil.3. The optical fiber grating tracker according to claim 1 , wherein an end surface ...

Optical filter having single reflecting total internal reflection echelle grating filter and optical waveguide device including the same

An optical filter of the inventive concept includes a slab waveguide disposed on a substrate, an input guide gate and an output guide gate spaced apart from each other in the slab waveguide, and an echelle grating filter disposed in the slab waveguide. The echelle grating filter has curvature and extends in a first direction. The echelle grating filter has gratings of sawtooth shape on one surface thereof. Light inputted through the input guide gate is totally reflected at the echelle grating filter by one reflecting process.

Single-Fiber Bi-Directional Optical Transceiver

A single-fiber bi-directional optical transceiver includes a bi-directional optical subassembly (BOSA) body and a fiber connecting sleeve connected to the BOSA body. The BOSA body contains a laser diode, a photodiode in a photodiode housing, and a splitter. The fiber connecting sleeve contains a connecting ferrule. A band pass filter is between the splitter and the photodiode, and the photodiode, band pass filter and reflection path of the splitter are coaxial and/or in series. Also, a coupling lens is between the splitter and the connecting ferrule, and the laser diode, splitter, coupling lens and connecting ferrule are coaxial and/or in series. In the single-fiber bi-directional optical transceiver, no fiber stub is present, thereby reducing the cost and/or size of the transceiver. By providing a coupling lens between the splitter and the connecting ferrule, the size of the BOSA body can be further reduced, thereby realizing a smaller package size. 1. An optical transceiver , comprising:a bi-directional optical sub assembly (BOSA) body comprising a laser diode, a photodiode and a splitter;a fiber connecting sleeve connected to the BOSA body, the fiber connecting sleeve configured to receive and/or at least partially enclose a connecting ferrule;a band pass filter between the splitter and the photodiode such that the photodiode, the band pass filter and a reflection path of the splitter are coaxial and/or in series; anda coupling lens between the splitter and the connecting ferrule such that the laser diode, the splitter, the coupling lens and the connecting ferrule are coaxial and/or in series.2. The transceiver of claim 1 , wherein the photodiode is a planar photodiode.3. The transceiver of claim 1 , further comprising an O-type shaft sleeve in the fiber connecting sleeve claim 1 , the O-type shaft sleeve configured to receive and/or at least partially enclose the connecting ferrule.4. The transceiver of claim 1 , wherein the splitter tilts relative to an optical ...

INTEGRATED PHOTONICS OPTICAL GYROSCOPES WITH IMPROVED SENSITIVITY UTILIZING HIGH DENSITY SILICON NITRIDE WAVEGUIDES

Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to structural modifications introduced in a waveguide structure in order to more tightly pack adjacent waveguide turns in an optical gyroscope fabricated on a planar silicon platform as a photonic integrated circuit. Increasing number of turns of the gyroscope coil increases total waveguide length as well as enclosed area of the gyroscope loop, which translates to increased sensitivity to rotational measurement. 1. An integrated photonics chip comprising:a waveguide coil comprising a plurality of waveguide turns looping around a central area enclosed by the waveguide coil, each waveguide turn being parallel to adjacent waveguide turns; anda structural modification introduced on either side of each waveguide turn to reduce crosstalk between the adjacent waveguide turns, thereby increasing a spatial density of waveguide turns that can be fabricated within a predetermined area of the integrated photonics chip.2. The integrated photonics chip of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined area depends on an exposure field of a reticle used to fabricate the waveguide coil with the plurality of turns.3. The integrated photonics chip of claim 1 , wherein the waveguide coil is used as a rotational sensing element of an optical gyroscope.4. The integrated photonics chip of claim 3 , wherein increasing spatial density of waveguide turns increases the central area enclosed within the waveguide coil claim 3 , as well as increases a number of waveguide turns enclosing the central area claim 3 , thereby increasing sensitivity of the rotational sensing element.5. The integrated photonics chip of claim 1 , wherein each waveguide turn comprises a waveguide core sandwiched between an upper cladding and a lower cladding.6. The integrated photonics chip of claim 5 , wherein the waveguide core comprises silicon nitride and the upper cladding and lower cladding comprise oxide.7. The integrated photonics chip of claim 5 , wherein the structural ...

INTERFEROMETER FILTERS WITH COMPENSATION STRUCTURE

A Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) filter comprising one or more passive compensation structures are described. The passive compensation structures yield MZI filters that are intrinsically tolerant to perturbations in waveguide dimensions and/or other ambient conditions. The use of n+1 waveguide widths can mitigate n different sources of perturbation to the filter. The use of at least three different waveguide widths for each Mach-Zehnder waveguide can alleviate sensitivity of filter performance to random width or temperature variations. A tolerance compensation portion is positioned between a first coupler section and a second coupler section, wherein the tolerance compensation portion includes a first compensation section having a second width, a second compensation section having a third width and a third compensation section having a fourth width, wherein the fourth width is greater than the third width and the third width is greater than the second width. 1. (canceled)2. An optical filter comprising:a first waveguide including a first region extending between a first coupler section and a second coupler section, and a second region extending between the second coupler section and a third coupler section; anda second waveguide including:a first portion extending between the first coupler section and the second coupler section, the first portion including at least two compensation sections that sequentially increase in width; anda second portion extending between the second coupler section and the third coupler section, the second portion including at least two compensation sections that sequentially increase in width.3. The optical filter of wherein the first claim 2 , second and third coupler sections and the first and second waveguides comprise a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) filter.4. The optical filter of wherein the first portion includes at least three compensation sections that sequentially increase in width.5. The optical filter of wherein the ...

Beam Combiner

A beam combiner is disclosed that comprises a planar lightwave circuit that is based on undoped silicon nitride-based surface waveguides, wherein the planar lightwave circuit comprises a plurality of input ports, a mixing region, and an output port, and wherein the mixing region comprises a plurality of directional couplers that are arranged in a tree structure. Embodiments of the present invention are capable of combining a plurality of light signals characterized by disparate wavelengths on irregular spacings with low loss. Further, the present invention enables high-volume, low cost production of beam combiners capable of combining three or more light signals into a single composite output beam. 1. A beam combiner that includes a planar lightwave circuit , the planar lightwave circuit comprising:a plurality of input ports, the plurality of input ports including a first input port;a mixing region, the mixing region comprising a plurality of directional couplers that are arranged in a first arrangement comprising a tree structure;a first output port that is optically coupled with the plurality of input ports via the mixing region;a first polarization filter that is optically coupled with the first input port, the first polarization filter being dimensioned and arranged to (1) receive a first light signal that comprises a first polarization mode and a second polarization mode and (2) selectively reduce the magnitude of the first polarization mode.2. The beam combiner of wherein the plurality of directional couplers comprises:a first directional coupler that is dimensioned and arranged to enable a first light signal in a first waveguide to substantially completely couple into a second waveguide and substantially disable a second light signal in the second waveguide from coupling into the first waveguide;a second directional coupler that is dimensioned and arranged to enable a third light signal in a third waveguide to substantially completely couple into a fourth ...

OPTICAL DEVICE

An optical device and a method of manufacturing an optical device. The optical device includes: a conversion means for converting propagation light propagating through an optical waveguide into parallel light and for outputting the parallel light; and a first lens means for focusing the parallel light outputted from the conversion means on a core of an optical fiber. The method includes: converting propagation light propagating through an optical waveguide into parallel light; outputting the parallel light; and focusing, using a first lens, the parallel light on a core of an optical fiber. 1. An optical device comprising:a conversion means for converting propagation light propagating through an optical waveguide into parallel light and for outputting the parallel light; anda first lens means for focusing the parallel light outputted from the conversion means on a core of an optical fiber.2. The optical device according to claim 1 , wherein the conversion means includes a grating means to bend the propagation light at a right angle to convert the propagation light to parallel light.3. The optical device according to claim 2 , wherein the grating means is a reflective surface provided with a plurality of V-shaped grooves arranged in parallel claim 2 , in which the surface on one side of each V-shaped groove forms a 45-degree incline.4. The optical device according to claim 1 , wherein the conversion means comprises:a reflecting means forming a 45-degree tilted surface for reflecting the propagation light; anda second lens means, having a focal point at a point on which the propagation light is reflected by the reflecting means, that converts the propagation light reflected by the reflecting means into parallel light.5. The optical device according to claim 1 , wherein the parallel light strikes a convex lens surface of the first lens means claim 1 , and wherein opposite the convex lens surface of the first lens means a recess is formed for accommodating the optical ...

Optical device

An optical device including a diffraction grating structure. The device provides optical coupling that allows the diffraction efficiency and the coupling efficiency of signal light whose direction to travel is changed (or diffracted) by a grating to be independently determined. The optical device includes: a first layer forming one end of an optical waveguide; and a second layer disposed on the first layer and having a lower refractive index than the first layer. According to one embodiment, the second layer includes a diffraction grating structure that diffracts light that has entered the second layer from the first layer and outputs the light from the second layer to the first layer. In another embodiment, a third layer disposed on the second layer and includes the diffraction grating structure.

Integrated Waveguide Structure for Fluorescence Analysis

The present disclosure relates to structures, systems, and methods for characterizing one or more fluorescent particles. At least one embodiment relates to an integrated waveguide structure. The integrated waveguide structure includes a substrate. The integrated waveguide structure also includes a waveguide layer arranged on top of the substrate. The waveguide layer includes one or more excitation waveguides, one or more emission waveguides, and a particle radiation coupler, which includes a resonator element. In addition, the integrated waveguide structure includes one or more sensing sites configured with respect to the one or more excitation waveguides and the one or more emission waveguides such that a fluorescent particle at one of the sensing sites is activated by an excitation radiation transmitted via the one or more excitation waveguides and radiation emitted by the fluorescent particle is coupled into at least one of the emission waveguides by the particle radiation coupler. 1. An integrated waveguide structure , comprising:a substrate; one or more excitation waveguides configured to transmit excitation radiation to activate a fluorescent particle;', 'one or more emission waveguides distinct from the one or more excitation waveguides, configured to transmit radiation emitted by the fluorescent particle; and', 'a particle radiation coupler, wherein the particle radiation coupler comprises a resonator element arranged to couple radiation emitted by the fluorescent particle into at least one of the emission waveguides in response to the activation by the excitation radiation transmitted via the one or more excitation waveguides; and, 'a waveguide layer arranged on top of the substrate, the waveguide layer comprisingone or more sensing sites configured with respect to the one or more excitation waveguides and the one or more emission waveguides such that a fluorescent particle at one of the sensing sites is activated by the excitation radiation transmitted via ...

ELECTRO-OPTIC DEVICE WITH SEMICONDUCTOR JUNCTION AREA AND RELATED METHODS

An electro-optic device may include a photonic chip having an optical grating coupler at a surface. The optical grating coupler may include a first semiconductor layer having a first base and first fingers extending outwardly from the first base. The optical grating coupler may include a second semiconductor layer having a second base and second fingers extending outwardly from the second base and being interdigitated with the first fingers to define semiconductor junction areas, with the first and second fingers having a non-uniform width. The electro-optic device may include a circuit coupled to the optical grating coupler and configured to bias the semiconductor junction areas and change one or more optical characteristics of the optical grating coupler. 1. An electro-optic device comprising: a first semiconductor layer of a first conductivity type and comprising a first base and a first plurality of fingers extending outwardly therefrom, and', 'a second semiconductor layer of a second conductivity type comprising a second base and a second plurality of fingers extending outwardly therefrom and being interdigitated with said first plurality of fingers to define a plurality of semiconductor junction areas, said first and second pluralities of fingers having a non-uniform width; and, 'a photonic chip having an optical grating coupler at a surface thereof, the optical grating coupler comprising'}a circuit coupled to said optical grating coupler and configured to bias said plurality of semiconductor junction areas and change at least one optical characteristic of the optical grating coupler.2. The electro-optic device of wherein said first plurality of fingers extends vertically past said second plurality of fingers to define a plurality of recesses respectively aligned with said second plurality of fingers.3. The electro-optic device of wherein said first base has first and second ends; and wherein said first fingers progressively increase in width from the first ...

INTEGRATED ON-CHIP POLARIZER

A low loss high extinction ratio on-chip polarizer is disclosed. The polarizer is formed of a mode convertor followed by a mode squeezer and a dump waveguide, and may be configured to pass a desired waveguide mode and reject undesired modes. An embodiment is described that transmits a TE0 mode while blocking a TM0 mode by converting it into a higher-order TEn mode in a waveguide taper, squeezing out the TEn mode in a second waveguide taper to lessen its confinement, and then dumping the TEn mode in a waveguide bend that is configured to pass the TE0 mode. 1. An integrated on-chip optical polarizer , comprising:a mode converting waveguide disposed to receive light comprising a first mode and a second mode and configured to selectively convert the second mode into a third mode while preserving the first mode;a mode squeezing waveguide disposed to receive light from the mode converting waveguide and configured to lessen an optical confinement of the third mode to a greater degree than that of the first mode; and,a dump waveguide disposed to receive light from the mode squeezing waveguide and configured to dump the third mode while allowing light in the first mode to propagate to an output.2. The polarizer of comprising a support substrate claim 1 , wherein at least one of the mode converting waveguide claim 1 , the mode squeezing waveguide claim 1 , and the dump waveguide comprises a planar waveguide formed in or upon the support substrate.3. The polarizer of claim 1 , wherein the mode converting waveguide comprises a first waveguide taper that widens in a direction of light propagation.4. The polarizer of claim 3 , wherein the first waveguide taper is vertically asymmetric.5. The polarizer of claim 4 , wherein the first waveguide taper comprises a bi-level rib waveguide taper.6. The polarizer of claim 3 , wherein the mode squeezing waveguide comprises a second waveguide taper that narrows in the direction of light propagation.7. The polarizer of claim 6 , wherein the ...

METHOD FOR ALIGNING ELECTRO-OPTIC DEVICE WITH OPTICAL FIBER ARRAY WITH OPTICAL GRATING COUPLERS

A method is for aligning an electro-optic device. The method may include initially positioning an optical fiber array adjacent to optical grating couplers, and actively aligning the optical fiber array relative to the optical grating couplers in a yaw direction and a roll direction to determine a yaw and roll alignment at a first operating wavelength. The method may include actively aligning the optical fiber array relative to optical grating couplers in an x direction and a y direction to determine a first x and y alignment at the first operating wavelength, determining a second operating wavelength, and actively aligning the optical fiber array again relative to the optical grating couplers in the x direction and y direction to determine a second x and y alignment at the second operating wavelength. 1. A method for aligning an electro-optic device comprising a photonic chip having a plurality of optical grating couplers at a surface of the photonic chip , and an optical fiber array comprising a plurality of optical fibers and a body retaining proximal ends of the plurality of optical fibers in side-by-side relation , the method comprising:initially positioning the optical fiber array adjacent the plurality of optical grating couplers;actively aligning the optical fiber array relative to the plurality of optical grating couplers in a yaw direction and a roll direction to determine a yaw and roll alignment at a first operating wavelength;after determining the yaw and roll alignment at the first operating wavelength, actively aligning the optical fiber array relative to the plurality of optical grating couplers in an x direction and a y direction to determine a first x and y alignment at the first operating wavelength;determining a second operating wavelength by determining a peak power transmission value and associated peak power wavelength while performing a spectral sweep, the associated peak power wavelength defining the second operating wavelength; andactively ...

Optical Waveguide Element and Method for Manufacturing Optical Waveguide Element

A method according to an aspect of the present invention, is a method for manufacturing an optical waveguide element, including: an optical waveguide forming step of forming an optical waveguide extending in a first direction in a substrate by doping the substrate with an impurity for reducing a coercive electric field of the substrate, a ridge forming step of forming a first ridge part including the optical waveguide and a second ridge part intersecting the first ridge part, and a poling step of reversing a polarization direction of a region of the substrate divided by the second ridge part by applying voltage to the region. 1. A method for manufacturing an optical waveguide element , comprising:an optical waveguide forming step of forming an optical waveguide extending in a first direction in a substrate by doping the substrate with an impurity for reducing a coercive electric field of the substrate;a ridge forming step of forming a first ridge part including the optical waveguide and a second ridge part intersecting the first ridge part; anda poling step of reversing a polarization direction of a region of the substrate divided by the second ridge part by applying voltage to the region.2. The method for manufacturing an optical waveguide element according to claim 1 ,wherein, in the ridge forming step, the second ridge part is formed so that a height of the second ridge part becomes greater than flatness of the substrate.3. The method for manufacturing an optical waveguide element according to claim 1 ,wherein, in the poling step, voltage is applied to the region using a liquid electrode.4. The method for manufacturing an optical waveguide element according to claim 1 ,wherein, in the ridge forming step, a third ridge part intersecting the first ridge part is further formed, andin the poling step, the polarization direction of a region sandwiched by the second ridge part and the third ridge part in the substrate is reversed by applying voltage to the region.5. An ...

Integrated bound-mode spectral/angular sensors

A 2-D sensor array includes a semiconductor substrate and a plurality of pixels disposed on the semiconductor substrate. Each pixel includes a coupling region and a junction region, and a slab waveguide structure disposed on the semiconductor substrate and extending from the coupling region to the region. The slab waveguide includes a confinement layer disposed between a first cladding layer and a second cladding layer. The first cladding and the second cladding each have a refractive index that is lower than a refractive index of the confinement layer. Each pixel also includes a coupling structure disposed in the coupling region and within the slab waveguide. The coupling structure includes two materials having different indices of refraction arranged as a grating defined by a grating period. The junction region comprises a p-n junction in communication with electrical contacts for biasing and collection of carriers resulting from absorption of incident radiation.

SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE PACKAGES

A semiconductor device package includes a substrate and an optical device. The optical device includes a first portion extending into the substrate and not extending beyond a first surface of the substrate. The optical device further includes a second portion extending along the first surface of the substrate. 1. A semiconductor device package , comprising:a substrate having a first surface; andan optical device comprising a first portion extending into the substrate and under the first surface of the substrate, and further comprising a second portion extending along the first surface of the substrate.2. The semiconductor device package of claim 1 , wherein the first portion of the optical device has a first width and the second portion of the optical device has a second width claim 1 , wherein the second width is greater than the first width.3. The semiconductor device package of claim 1 , wherein the second portion of the optical device comprises a protrusion and the substrate defines a groove extending from the first surface of the substrate claim 1 , and wherein the protrusion of the second portion of the optical device engages with the groove of the substrate.4. The semiconductor device package of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises a semiconductor layer and a semiconductor oxide layer claim 1 , the semiconductor device package further comprising a waveguide disposed in the semiconductor oxide layer.5. The semiconductor device package of claim 4 , wherein the optical device further comprises a light emitting or a light receiving portion aligned with the waveguide claim 4 , and a vertical offset between the light emitting or the light receiving portion and the waveguide is less than about one third of a width of the waveguide.6. The semiconductor device package of claim 1 , wherein the first portion of the optical device is disposed in the substrate.7. The semiconductor device package of claim 1 , wherein the second portion of the optical device is ...

Junction region between two waveguides and associated method of production

A photonic integrated device includes a first waveguide and a second waveguide. The first and second waveguides are mutually coupled at a junction region the includes a bulge region.

OPTIMIZED 2X2 3DB MULTI-MODE INTERFERENCE COUPLER

An optimized SOI 2×2 multimode interference (MMI) coupler is designed by use of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulation shows that, within a footprint of 9.4×1.6 μm, <0.1 dB power unbalance and <1 degree phase error are achieved across the entire C-band. The excess loss of the device is <0.2 dB. 111-. (canceled)12. An optical coupler , comprising:a multi-mode region including: a length L between a first end and a second end; and a plurality of segments having widths, at least five of said segment widths from the first end to the second end being different one from the other;a plurality of first ports at the first end of the multi-mode region; anda plurality of second ports at the second end of the multi-mode region.13. The coupler according to claim 12 , wherein the multi-mode region comprises a few-mode region.14. The coupler according to claim 12 , wherein said segment widths vary in a symmetric pattern relative to a central distance L/2 along said length defining a bidirectional coupler.15. The coupler according to claim 12 , wherein said segment widths are at equally spaced locations along the length.16. The coupler according to claim 12 , wherein the second and fourth segment widths from the first end are greater than the third and fifth widths from the first end.17. The coupler according to claim 13 , wherein the plurality of first ports comprises two ports; and wherein the plurality of second ports comprises two ports.18. The coupler according to claim 17 , wherein said widths range from 1.439 μm to 1.6 μm.19. The coupler according to claim 17 , wherein the few-mode region and the plurality of first and second ports are within a footprint of 9.4×1.6 μm20. The coupler according to claim 17 , wherein each of said ports is connected to said few-mode region by a taper connector.21. The coupler according to claim 12 , wherein at least one taper connector is connected to an edge of the few-mode region to ...

PHOTONIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE AND METHOD

A method includes forming silicon waveguide sections in a first oxide layer over a substrate, the first oxide layer disposed on the substrate, forming a routing structure over the first oxide layer, the routing structure including one or more insulating layers and one or more conductive features in the one or more insulating layers, recessing regions of the routing structure, forming nitride waveguide sections in the recessed regions of the routing structure, wherein the nitride waveguide sections extend over the silicon waveguide sections, forming a second oxide layer over the nitride waveguide sections, and attaching semiconductor dies to the routing structure, the dies electrically connected to the conductive features. 1. A method , comprising:forming silicon waveguide sections in a first oxide layer over a substrate, the first oxide layer disposed on the substrate;forming a routing structure over the first oxide layer, the routing structure comprising one or more insulating layers and one or more conductive features in the one or more insulating layers;recessing regions of the routing structure;forming nitride waveguide sections in the recessed regions of the routing structure, wherein the nitride waveguide sections extend over the silicon waveguide sections;forming a second oxide layer over the nitride waveguide sections; andattaching semiconductor dies to the routing structure, the dies electrically connected to the conductive features.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising patterning the first oxide layer and the second oxide layer to form a cladding structure surrounding the silicon waveguide sections and the nitride waveguide sections claim 1 , the cladding structure having exposed sidewalls.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nitride waveguide sections are straight.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising forming a photonic device over the first oxide layer claim 1 , wherein the photonic device comprises silicon claim 1 , and wherein the ...

Single edge coupling of chips with integrated waveguides

Techniques are provided for single edge coupling of chips with integrated waveguides. For example, a package structure includes a first chip with a first critical edge, and a second chip with a second critical edge. The first and second chips include integrated waveguides with end portions that terminate on the first and second critical edges. The second chip includes a signal reflection structure that is configured to reflect an optical signal propagating in one or more of the integrated waveguides of the second chip. The first and second chips are edge-coupled at the first and second critical edges such that the end portions of the integrated waveguides of the first and second chips are aligned to each other, and wherein all signal input/output between the first and second chips occurs at the single edge-coupled interface.

ADIABATIC POLARIZATION ROTATOR COMBINER

A system may include a polarization rotator combiner. The polarization rotator combiner may include a first stage, a second stage, and a third stage. The first stage may receive a first component of light with a TE00 polarization and a second component of light with the TE00 polarization. The first stage may draw optical paths of the first and second components together. The second stage may receive the first component and the second component from the first stage. The second stage may convert the polarization of the second component from the TE00 polarization to a TE01 polarization. The third stage may receive the first component and the second component from the second stage. The third stage may convert polarization of the second component from the TE01 polarization to a TM00 polarization. The third stage may output the first component and output the second component. 1. A system comprising: [ receive a first component of light with a TE00 polarization in a first input of the PRC and receive a second component of light with the TE00 polarization in a second input of the PRC;', 'output the first component with the TE00 polarization via a first intermediate output; and', 'output the second component with the TE00 polarization via a second intermediate output different than the first intermediate output, wherein a distance between the first and second intermediate output is less than a distance between the first and second input;, 'a first stage configured to, receive from the first stage the first component with the TE00 polarization and the second component with the TE00 polarization;', 'convert the polarization of the second component from the TE00 polarization to a TE01 polarization; and', 'output the first component with the TE00 polarization and the second component with the TE01 polarization;, 'a second stage configured to, receive from the second stage the first component with the TE00 polarization and the second component with the TE01 polarization;', ' ...

INTEGRATED POLARIZATION SPLITTER AND ROTATOR

An integrated polarization splitter and rotator (PSR) employs the TE0 and TE1 modes of propagating light, rather than the TE0 and TM0 modes used in conventional prior art PSR. The integrated PSR exhibits appreciably flatter wavelength response because it does not require a directional coupler to de-multiplex incoming polarizations. The PSR allows tuning of the TM0 loss to reduce polarization dependent loss (PDL). This integrated polarization splitter and rotator is applicable to all integrated platforms including Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) and III-V semiconductor compound systems. The PSR may be very compact (12×2 μm), and provides low loss (<0.3 dB across the C-band) and ultra-broadband operation. The PSR also affords better control of polarization dependent losses. 120-. (canceled)21. An optical device , comprising: a first port for receiving an input optical signal comprising a TE0 mode with a first polarization and a TM0 mode with a second polarization;', 'a rotator configured to pass the TE0 mode, and configured to rotate the TE0 mode to a TE1 mode;', 'a splitter configured to split the TE0 mode into a first portion and a second portion, and to split the TE1 mode into a third portion and a fourth portion, and configured to mix the first portion and the third portion to produce a first output TE0 mode signal with the first polarization, and to mix the second portion and the fourth portion to produce a second TE0 output mode signal with the first polarization;', 'a tuner for tuning PDL of the first output TE0 mode signal and the second output TE0 mode signals;', 'a second port for outputting the first output TE0 mode signal; and', 'a third port for outputting the second output TE0 mode signal., 'a first integrated optical apparatus comprising22. The device according to claim 21 , wherein the TE1 mode exits the rotator appearing as two superposed TE0 modes claim 21 , which are out of phase by 180° claim 21 , forming the third portion and the fourth portion.23. The ...

FIBER-TO-CHIP GRATING COUPLER FOR PHOTONIC CIRCUITS

Disclosed is a system and method for communication using an efficient fiber-to-chip grating coupler with a high coupling efficiency. In one embodiment, a method for communication, includes: transmitting optical signals between a semiconductor photonic die on a substrate and an optical fiber array attached to the substrate using at least one corresponding grating coupler on the semiconductor photonic die, wherein the at least one grating coupler each comprises a plurality of coupling gratings, a waveguide, a cladding layer, a first reflection layer and a second reflection layer, wherein the plurality of coupling gratings each comprises at least one step in a first lateral direction and extends in a second lateral direction, wherein the first and second lateral directions are parallel to a surface of the substrate and perpendicular to each other in a grating plane, wherein the first reflection layers are configured such that the plurality of coupling gratings is disposed between the first reflection layer and the cladding layer, wherein the second reflection layer are configured such that the cladding layer is disposed between the second reflection layer and the waveguide. 1. A method for communication , comprising:transmitting optical signals between a semiconductor photonic die on a substrate and an optical fiber array attached to the substrate using at least one corresponding grating coupler on the semiconductor photonic die, wherein the at least one grating coupler each comprises a plurality of coupling gratings, a waveguide, a cladding layer, a first reflection layer and a second reflection layer, wherein the plurality of coupling gratings each comprises at least one step in a first lateral direction and extends in a second lateral direction, wherein the first and second lateral directions are parallel to a surface of the substrate and perpendicular to each other in a grating plane, wherein the first reflection layers are configured such that the plurality of ...

OPTICAL FILTER AND OPTICAL TRANSMISSION DEVICE

An optical filter includes a spectroscopic element configured to disperse input light, and emit the dispersed input light as spectrum light; and an optical fiber including an end face having a recess, a core having a first face in contact with a bottom of the recess and a second face sandwiched between the first face and a circumference end of the recess, and a clad surrounding the core, wherein in the optical fiber, the recess is irradiated with the spectrum light, the second face is inclined such that a second portion incident from the second face to the core out of the irradiated spectrum light is emitted to the clad, and a first portion incident from the first face to the core out of the irradiated spectrum light is outputted. 1. An optical filter comprising:a spectroscopic element configured to disperse input light, and emit the dispersed input light as spectrum light; andan optical fiber including:an end face having a recess;a core having a first face in contact with a bottom of the recess and a second face sandwiched between the first face and a circumference end of the recess; anda clad surrounding the core,wherein in the optical fiber,the recess is irradiated with the spectrum light,the second face is inclined such that a second portion incident from the second face to the core out of the irradiated spectrum light is emitted to the clad, anda first portion incident from the first face to the core out of the irradiated spectrum light is outputted.2. The optical filter according to claim 1 , wherein a part of the second portion is refracted on an interface between the core and the clad and emitted to the clad claim 1 , and other part of the second portion is reflected on the interface.3. The optical filter according to claim 1 , wherein the circumference end overlaps a boundary between the clad and the core on the end face claim 1 , or surrounds the boundary.4. The optical filter according to claim 1 , wherein the recess is hemispherical.5. The optical filter ...

LASER ASSEMBLY PACKAGING FOR SILICON PHOTONIC INTERCONNECTS

Processes and apparatuses described herein reduce the manufacturing time, the cost of parts, and the cost of assembly per laser for photonic interconnects incorporated into computing systems. An output side of a laser assembly is placed against an input side of a silicon interposer (SiP) such that each pad in a plurality of pads positioned on the output side of the laser assembly is in contact with a respective solder bump that is also in contact with a corresponding pad positioned on the input side of the SiP. The laser assembly is configured to emit laser light from the output side into an input grating of the SiP. The solder bumps are heated to a liquid phase. Capillary forces of the solder bumps realign the laser assembly and the SiP while the solder bumps are in the liquid phase. The solder bumps are then allowed to cool. 1. A method comprising:placing an output side of a laser assembly against an input side of a silicon interposer (SiP) such that each pad in a plurality of pads positioned on the output side of the laser assembly is in contact with a respective solder bump that is also in contact with a corresponding pad positioned on the input side of the SiP, wherein the laser assembly comprises a laser diode and is configured to emit laser light from the output side, and wherein the SiP comprises an input grating configured to redirect the laser light through a silicon layer of the SiP;heating the solder bumps to at least a first temperature at which the solder bumps change from a solid phase to a liquid phase;allowing capillary forces of the solder bumps to realign the laser assembly and the SiP while the solder bumps are in the liquid phase; andcooling the solder bumps to a second temperature below the first temperature such that the solder bumps change from the liquid phase to the solid phase, wherein the solder bumps couple the laser assembly to the SiP when the cooling is completed, wherein the output side of the laser assembly comprises an output ...

Optical Apparatus and Methods of Manufacture Thereof

Optical apparatus and methods of manufacture thereof An optical apparatus () for evanescently coupling an optical signal across an (interface () is described. The optical apparatus () comprises a first substrate () and a second substrate (). The optical signal is evanescently coupled between a first waveguide () formed by laser inscription of the first substrate () and a second waveguide () of the second substrate (). The first waveguide () comprises a curved section () configured to provide evanescent coupling of the optical signal between the first and second waveguides () via the interface ().

TRANSVERSE-ELECTRIC (TE) PASS POLARIZER

One illustrative TE pass polarizer disclosed herein includes an input/output layer, a first buffer layer positioned above at least a portion of the input/output layer, a layer of epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) material positioned above at least a portion of the first buffer layer, and a metal-containing capping layer positioned above at least a portion of the layer of ENZ material. 1. A transverse-electric (TE) pass polarizer , comprising:a base semiconductor substrate;an input/output layer positioned above the base semiconductor substrate;an insulation material positioned between the input/output layer and the base semiconductor layer;a first buffer layer positioned above at least a portion of the input/output layer;a second buffer layer positioned between the input/output layer and the first buffer layer;a layer of epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) material positioned above at least a portion of the first buffer layer;a third buffer layer positioned between the first buffer layer and the layer of ENZ material;a metal-containing capping layer positioned above at least a portion of the layer of ENZ material; anda fourth buffer layer positioned between the layer of ENZ material and the metal-containing capping layer.2. (canceled)3. The TE pass polarizer of claim 1 , wherein the input/output layer comprises one of silicon claim 1 , silicon nitride claim 1 , SiON claim 1 , AlN or a polymer claim 1 , the layer of ENZ material comprises one of graphene claim 1 , TiN claim 1 , InAsSb claim 1 , BSTS (BiSbTeSe) claim 1 , AZO or ITO and the first buffer layer comprises one of SiON claim 1 , SiN claim 1 , SiO claim 1 , HfO claim 1 , ZrO claim 1 , AlN claim 1 , TiO claim 1 , ZnO claim 1 , AlO claim 1 , MgO claim 1 , CaF claim 1 , SiCOH claim 1 , MgFor a polymer.4. The TE pass polarizer of claim 1 , wherein the TE pass polarizer comprises an optical axis and wherein the input/output layer claim 1 , the first buffer layer claim 1 , the layer of ENZ material and the metal-containing capping layer ...

WAVEGUIDE MODE COUPLING

An optical mode coupler for mode coupling of waveguides. The optical mode coupler includes an oxide cladding layer, a waveguide channel formed on the oxide cladding layer, and a waveguide portion formed on the oxide cladding layer and partially enclosed by the waveguide channel on an end of the waveguide portion. The waveguide portion has a tapered region located on the end of the waveguide portion. The tapered region has a dual-plane tapering arrangement extending from the waveguide portion towards the waveguide channel for enhanced mode transformation efficiency.

Optical switches based on induced optical loss

An optical switch device includes a first semiconductor structure configured to operate as a first waveguide and a second semiconductor structure configured to operate as a second waveguide. The second semiconductor structure is located above or below the first semiconductor structure and separated from the first semiconductor structure. The second semiconductor structure includes a first portion having a first width and a second portion having a width different from the first width and located on the first portion. The first portion is located between a first doped region and a second doped region.

OPTICAL SENSOR FOR SENSING HYDROGEN GAS AND HYDROGEN GAS DETECTION SYSTEM INCLUDING THE SAME

Embodiments relate to an optical sensor for sensing hydrogen gas, which includes an optical fiber through which light moves; a ferrule formed at one end of the optical fiber to surround the optical fiber; and a sensor module configured to form an interference wave according to a Fabry-Perot interferometer with respect to light that moves through the optical fiber, wherein the sensor module includes a sensing material that expands and contracts by reacting with hydrogen gas, and spectrum periodicity of the interference wave changes according to a volume change of the sensing material, and a hydrogen gas detection system including the optical sensor. 1. An optical sensor for sensing hydrogen gas , comprising:an optical fiber through which light moves;a ferrule formed at one end of the optical fiber to surround the optical fiber; anda sensor module configured to form an interference wave according to a Fabry-Perot interferometer with respect to light that moves through the optical fiber and is output from the optical fiber,wherein the sensor module includes a sensing material that expands and contracts by reacting with hydrogen gas, andwherein spectrum periodicity of the interference wave changes according to a volume change of the sensing material.2. The optical sensor according to claim 1 ,wherein the sensor module includes:a module case having a sidewall for forming a cavity so that one end of the sidewall is in contact with the ferrule;a support layer provided in contact with the other end of the sidewall; anda hydrogen reaction layer formed on the support layer and made of the sensing material,wherein the sensor module is attachable to and detachable from the ferrule, andwherein the light output from the optical fiber moves through the cavity between the ferrule and the support layer.3. The optical sensor according to claim 2 ,wherein the interference wave is formed by repeated reflection and transmission of light between a first reflection surface formed at one ...

PHOTONIC INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DISTANCE MEASURING INTERFEROMETER

A digital measuring device implemented on a photonic integrated circuit, the digital measuring device including a laser source implemented on the photonic integrated circuit configured to provide light, a first waveguide structure implemented on the photonic integrated circuit configured to direct a first portion of light from the laser source at a moving object and receive light reflected from the moving object, a second waveguide structure implemented on the photonic integrated circuit configured to combine a second portion of light from the laser source with the light reflected from the moving object to produce a measurement beam, a first multiplexer implemented on the photonic integrated circuit configured to split the measurement beam into a plurality of channels, and a plurality of detectors implemented on the photonic integrated circuit configured to detect an intensity value of each channel to measure a distance between the digital measuring device and the moving object. 1. A digital measuring device implemented on a photonic integrated circuit , the digital measuring device comprising:a laser source implemented on the photonic integrated circuit configured to provide light;a first waveguide structure implemented on the photonic integrated circuit configured to direct a first portion of light from the laser source at a moving object and receive light reflected from the moving object;a second waveguide structure implemented on the photonic integrated circuit configured to combine a second portion of light from the laser source with the light reflected from the moving object to produce a measurement beam;a first multiplexer implemented on the photonic integrated circuit configured to split the measurement beam into a plurality of channels spaced in frequency; anda first plurality of detectors implemented on the photonic integrated circuit configured to detect an intensity value of each channel of the plurality of channels to measure a distance between the ...

Method and Apparatus for Optical Waveguide-to-Semiconductor Coupling for Integrated Photonic Circuits

A grating coupler couples a waveguide to a beam and is formed of patterned shapes in a first and second layer of planar material, the shapes embedded in background material, the layers separated by less than one wavelength. The shapes are organized as a plurality of adjacent unit cells arranged along a direction of propagation of light with each unit cell including a shape of the first material and a shape of the second material, each unit cell having design parameters including a period, a width wb of the shape of first planar material, a width wt of the shape of second planar material, and an offset between the shapes. The coupler has a directivity ratio D is at least 10 dB between “up” and “down” radiation; and unit cells differ in at least one parameter selected from period, wb, wt, and offset to provide a predetermined beam shape.

OPTICAL DEVICE AND PHOTODETECTION SYSTEM

An optical device includes a first mirror having a first reflecting surface and extending along a first direction, a second mirror having a second reflecting surface that faces the first reflecting surface and extending along the first direction, and an optical waveguide layer, located between the first mirror and the second mirror, that causes light to propagate along the first direction. A transmittance of the first mirror is higher than a transmittance of the second mirror. A reflection spectrum of at least either the first mirror or the second mirror with respect to light arriving from a direction normal to the reflecting surface includes, in a wavelength region in which a reflectance is higher than or equal to 90%, a local maximum point and first and second points of inflection located closer to a long-wavelength side than the local maximum point. 1. An optical device comprising:a first mirror having a first reflecting surface and extending along a first direction;a second mirror having a second reflecting surface that faces the first reflecting surface and extending along the first direction; andan optical waveguide layer, located between the first mirror and the second mirror, that causes light to propagate along the first direction,whereina transmittance of the first mirror is higher than a transmittance of the second mirror, anda reflection spectrum of at least either the first mirror or the second mirror with respect to light arriving from a direction normal to the reflecting surface includes, in a wavelength region in which a reflectance is higher than or equal to 90%, a local maximum point and first and second points of inflection located closer to a long-wavelength side than the local maximum point.2. The optical device according to claim 1 , whereina wavelength at the first point of inflection is shorter than a wavelength at the second point of inflection, anda wavelength λ of the light that propagates through the optical waveguide layer is a ...

VARIABLE BANDWIDTH MICRORING OPTICAL FILTER DEVICE AND METHOD WITH FREQUENCY TUNING

Methods and devices that provide a variable-bandwidth optical filter with frequency tuning are disclosed. A universal variable bandwidth optical filter architecture is disclosed, based on microring resonators that can vary both operation wavelength and bandwidth with no extra complexity relative to conventional wavelength tunable filters. The filter architecture provides a universal filter design for any arbitrary shape of filter response, such as second-order, fourth-order, sixth-order, and so on. The filter characteristics—insertion loss, in-band ripple, and out-of-band rejection level—may be maintained over the bandwidth tuning range. There is no need for extra heaters to tune the filter's operating bandwidth, as the same heaters used to tune the filter frequency can be used to tune filter bandwidth. The device can be used as an add/drop filter. 1. A device comprising:an optical interferometer configured to split an optical input into a first path defined by a first arm and a second path defined by a second arm;a first-arm microring resonator (MRR) operably coupled to the first arm for imparting a first-arm MRR frequency-dependent phase to an optical signal passing through the first arm;a second-arm MRR operably coupled to the second arm for imparting a second-arm MRR frequency-dependent phase to an optical signal passing through the second arm; the first-arm MRR and second-arm MRR share a common coupling coefficient; and', 'the first-arm MRR frequency-dependent phase is equal to the negative of the second-arm MRR frequency-dependent phase;, 'a first-arm MRR tuner and a second-arm MRR tuner configured to tune the first-arm MRR frequency-dependent phase and the second-arm MRR frequency-dependent phase, respectively, such that an additional first-arm MRR operably coupled to the first arm in series with the first-arm MRR for imparting an additional first-arm MRR frequency-dependent phase to an optical signal passing through the first arm;', 'an additional second-arm ...