НОСИТЕЛЬ КАТАЛИЗАТОРА, СПОСОБ ЕГО ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ, СУСПЕНЗИЯ ДЛЯ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ПРИ ЕГО ПОЛУЧЕНИИ, КАТАЛИЗАТОР И ЕГО ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ПЕРОКСИДА ВОДОРОДА

Изобретение относится к носителю катализатора, включающему волокнистую бумагу, пропитанную суспензией, содержащей золь диоксида кремния, микроволокна и наполнитель, в котором указанные микроволокна имеют эквивалентный средний размер частиц, измеренный способом седиграфа, от примерно 200 до примерно 30000 нм и указанный наполнитель имеет средний эквивалентный размер частиц, измеренный способом седиграфа, от примерно 300 до примерно 10000 нм. Изобретение, кроме того, относится к способу его получения, пригодной для этого суспензии, к катализатору, содержащему такой носитель катализатора, и применению катализатора для получения пероксида водорода. Технический эффект - повышение механической прочности носителя, получение катализатора, обладающего высокой активностью и долгосрочной стабильностью. 6 с. и 11 з.п. ф-лы, 2 табл.

SPIRALFOERMIGER REAKTOR.

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verbesserung und Beschleunigung von Behandlungsvorgaengen pulverfoermiger Stoffe

Improvements in catalytic reactions

... 262,475. I. G. Farbenindustrie Akt.- Ges. Dec. 7, 1925, [Convention date]. Void [Published under Sect. 91 of the Acts]. Chlorine ; hydrogen.-The loss of cuprous chloride in the Deacon process may be overcome by passing the reaction gases containing the volatilized catalyst into contact with porous masses such as active carbon, active silica, and porous pumice arranged in the reaction vessel. The porous mass may be mixed with the catalyst, or may be separate therefrom. It is advantageous to place a porous mass on each side of the catalyst and to reverse the gas stream from time to time. The invention may be applied to the production of hydrogen and phosphoric acid by the interaction of water and phosphorus in the vaporous condition in the presence of a catalyst. If compounds containing the catalyst or the catalyst itself be placed adjacent the porous mass in the reaction chamber, the catalyst which becomes deposited within the pores of the porous mass is very active. Thus, by passing a mixture ...

APPARATUS FOR ROTATING REACTION VESSELS IN AN INCLINED POSTURE

Apparatus for rotating reaction vessels in an inclined posture

An apparatus for rotating reaction vessels in an inclined posture, comprising a plate, means for rotatably supporting the plate, means for rotating the plate at a predetermined speed, a plurality of reaction vessel holders mounted on the edge portion of the plate and adapted for mounting reaction vessels, means for rotating the reaction vessel holders around their axes at a predetermined speed, and means for fixing the plate supporting means in such a manner that the reaction vessel holders may be inclined at a predetermined angle to the horizon.

Rotary reaction kiln

... Fertiliser grade potassium meta phosphate is produced from wet process phosphoric acid and potassium chloride as described and claimed in Specification 832,011 in a rotary kiln comprising two co-axial horizontal drums 11, 12 one within the other. The ends of the inner drum 11 are closed by stationary end plates 13, 14 and a solution of KCl in phosphoric acid is fed to the drum 11 through a tube 21 passing through end plate 13 and end plate 15 sealing the outer drum 12. Material passes through holes in the end plate 14 and in the end wall of the inner drum 11 without allowing gases to flow between the drums, and a forked shoot 17 mounted on end plate 13 and lifters 19 in the outer drum 12 delivers material to the outlet 27 or to the inner drum 11 without allowing gases to pass. An outlet 22 passing through the fixed end plates 13, 15 allows uncontaminated HCl gas to be withdrawn from the inner drum, and a flue outlet 23 leads from the outer drum which is heated by a ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HYDROLYZING KERATINACEOUS MATERIAL

A converter for continuous acid-saccharification of starch

... 1,128,920. Sugars. NIPPON SHIRYO KOGYO CO. Ltd. 1 Oct., 1965 [22 Oct., 1964; 21 Aug., 1965], No. 41847/65. Heading C2C. [Also in Divisions B1, C3 and F4] A converter for continuous acid - saccharification of starch comprises a vertical multi-tubular heat-exchanger and a plurality of parallel and vertical reaction tubes interconnected with themselves and with the heat - exchanger and provided with rectifying plates or elements having numerous small orifices installed in the reaction tubes so as to rectify the turbulent flow. The heat-exchanger may consist of a central steam pipe, an annular heating or reaction chamber surrounding it, a steam jacket surrounding the heating chamber, and steam tubes located in the heating chamber. The reaction tubes may be interconnected by 3-way cocks so that routing of flow in the tubes may be varied. In one embodiment (Fig. 1) a starch slurry from tank 13 is fed to the lower end of heatexchanger 17, and thence, from the top of the heat-exchanger to reaction ...

A method for reducing the formation of sheets during polymerization

REACTOR AND PROCEDURE FOR THE TREATMENT OF FLUIDS BY PHOTO CATALYSTS, WHICH ARE COUPLED WITH PHOSPHORESCING SOLIDS

LAMINAR FLOW REACTOR FOR REACTIONS WITH ENZYMES OR KOFAKTOREN

LAMINARSTROEMUNGSREAKTOR FUER REAKTIONEN MIT ENZYMEN ODER KOFAKTOREN

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CHEMICALLY DERIVATISIERTEN FILTER PAPERS

HIGH SPEED CRYSTALLIZATION COLUMN.

CATALYTIC PLANT.

DIAPHRAGM AFFINITY DEVICE AND CLEANING METHOD.

STRUCTURE OF CATALYST FIXED BED USING WABENFOERMIGER BODIES.

Bundled capillaries apparatus for high throughput screening

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN BY THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF WATER

The invention provides processes and apparatus for producing hydrogen from water, including the steps of heating water to a water dissociating temperature to form a dissociated water reaction mixture comprising hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. A vortex is formed of the reaction mixture to subject the reaction mixture to a centrifugal force about a longitudinal axis of an interior space of a vortex tube reactor, so that there is radial stratification of the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas in the interior space of the vortex tube reactor. Hydrogen or oxygen is preferentially extracted from the reaction mixture at spaced apart points along the length of the interior space of the vortex tube reactor.

HYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM ALUMINUM, WATER, AND SODIUM HYDROXIDE AS CATALYST

The process for producing hydrogen gas according to the present invention consists of reacting aluminum with water in the presence of sodium hydroxide as a catalyst. An apparatus for carrying out the method is also described. The apparatus comprises an expandable container wherein the pressure and temperature of the reaction causes the container to expand and contract to control the degree of immersion of a fuel cartridge in water and consequently to control the intensity and duration of the reaction.

HYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM ALUMINUM, WATER, AND SODIUM HYDROXIDE AS CATALYST

The method for producing hydrogen according to the present invention consists of reacting aluminum with water in the presence of sodium hydroxide as a catalyst. The apparatus for carrying out the method uses the pressure and temperature of the reaction to control the degree of immersion of a fuel cartridge in water and consequently to control the vigor and duration of the reaction.

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Dialkaliverbindungen dimerer konjugierter Diolefine

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Salzen und Säuren

Procédé de fabrication d'un plâtre formé de sulfate de calcium semi-hydraté, appareillage pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé

Einrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Verzuckerung von Stärke

Mischeinrichtung für fliessfähige Medien

Verfahren und kombinierte Reaktor- und Kühlereinheit zur Herstellung von Phosphorsäure nach dem Nassverfahren

MISCHEINRICHTUNG.

Procédé et appareillage pour la nitration en continu de la cellulose

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE CONVERSION OF CELEBRATIONS AND LIQUID PHASES.

DEVICE FOR THE ROTATION OF REACTION CONTAINERS IN BENT POSITION.

LAMINAR FLOW REACTOR FOR REACTIONS WITH ENZYME OR KOFAKTOREN, WITH WHICH THE ENZYME AND/OR THE KOFAKTOR ON A MATRIX WITH A SURFACE IS IMMOBILIZED TO LEVELS.

ULTRASONIC COUNTERCURRENT AUGER EXTRACTOR FOR THE EXTRACTION OF URANIUM

аппарат для получения, выделения и сушки продуктов химико-фармацевтических производств

Изобретение относится к аппаратам для получения, выделения и сушки продуктов химико-фармацевтических производств и позволяет ускорить сушку растительного сырья после экстрагирования его различными органическими растворителями. Аппарат содержит корпус в виде стакана с полыми стенками для теплоносителя и выпускными устройствами в дне, крышку с патрубками, в одном из которых на приводном полом валу закреплены перемешивающие лопасти.

УСТАНОВКА ДЛЯ СИНТЕЗУ МОНОСИЛАНУ

Установка для синтезу моносилану включає протитечійний реактор, оснащений трубчастими елементами з каталізаторами, розміщеними у реакційній зоні з утворенням міжтрубного простору, з'єднаній з лінією подачі трихлорсилану і лінією рециркуляції конденсату хлорсиланів, випарник, оснащений лінією відводу рідкого продукту з випарника, і з'єднані послідовно лініями подачі несконденсованої фази проміжний конденсатор, основний конденсатор і ректифікаційну колону очищення моносилану, причому установка додатково містить теплообмінник, розміщений на лінії подачі трихлорсилану в реактор, а лінія відводу рідкого продукту з випарника через зазначений теплообмінник з’єднана з міжтрубним простором реактора з виведенням рідкого продукту з верхньої частини реактора.

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ВЫРАЩИВАНИЯ КРУПНОГАБАРИТНЫХ КРИСТАЛЛОВ ГЕРМАНИЯ МЕТОДОМ ПОГРУЖНОГО ВРАЩАЮЩЕГОСЯ ФОРМООБРАЗОВАТЕЛЯ

Устройство для выращивания крупногабаритных кристаллов германия методом погружного вращающегося формообразователя, включающее водоохлаждаемую камеру, тигель из углерод-углеродного композиционного материала, уплотненный пиролитическим углеродом, подставку под тигель, установленную на штоке вращения, цилиндрический нагреватель, коаксиально расположенные внешний и внутренний тепловые экраны, формообразователь, жестко закрепленный на штоке вращения затравки, кольцевые внешний и внутренний потолочные и донный тепловые экраны. Между цилиндрическим нагревателем и внутренним боковым тепловым экраном установлен дополнительный молибденовый экран, при этом внутренние и потолочный и боковой тепловые экраны выполнены из углерод-углеродного композиционного материала, уплотненного пиролитическим углеродом, кольцевой внешний потолочный экран выполнен из молибдена, а поверхность внутреннего бокового теплового экрана, повернутая к тиглю, и поверхность кольцевого внутреннего потолочного теплового экрана, ...

Process for treating waste and process for reforming waste into atmospheric gases

Colonne pour une conversion enzymatique de substances

L'invention appartient au domaine de la chimie analytique et présente une colonne capillaire 5 pour une conversion enzymatique de substances, dont la surface frontale est pourvue d'une rainure 8 en spirale pour loger une enzyme immobilisée ou un mélange d'enzyme, ladite rainure 8 faisant face à une isolation 7 étanche élastique qui est pourvue de trous dans la zone d'entrée et de sortie de liquide, tandis qu'un élément de pression 6 soutenu par un couvercle 2 de la colonne appuie sur la colonne 3.

PROCEDE ET APPAREIL POUR FAIRE REAGIR DES PHASES SOLIDES ET LIQUIDES, EN PARTICULIER POUR DOSAGES IMMUNOLOGIQUES

L'INVENTION A POUR OBJET UN PROCEDE POUR FAIRE REAGIR UNE PREMIERE SUBSTANCE REACTIVE LIEE A LA PAROI INTERNE D'UN RECIPIENT DE REACTION A AVEC UNE DEUXIEME SUBSTANCE REACTIVE CONTENUE DANS UNE PHASE LIQUIDE DANS LE RECIPIENT, EN FAISANT TOURNER LE RECIPIENT DE REACTION AUTOUR DE SON AXE A UNE VITESSE DE 10 A 100TRMIN PENDANT QUE LE RECIPIENT DE REACTION EST MAINTENU INCLINE A UN ANGLE COMPRIS ENTRE5 ET 45 SUR L'HORIZONTALE AVEC SON EMBOUCHURE RELEVEE. L'INVENTION A EGALEMENT POUR OBJET UN APPAREIL POUVANT ETRE UTILISE POUR LA MISE EN OEUVRE DE CE PROCEDE.

PHOSPHORIC ACID REACTOR AND METHOD

GARNISHING FOR APPARATUS OF CONTACT BETWEEN SUBSTANCES PRESENTING OF THE DIFFERENT PHASES

MODULATE TREATMENT OF FLUID (S) HAS MEMBRANE (S) RIGID (S) AND PROCEEDED IMPLEMENTING IT

Module de traitement de fluide(s) notamment ultra-pur(s), par séparation ou traitement catalytique, incluant au moins une membrane de traitement (1) en matériau fritté poreux. Ce module comporte: - un carter (11) rigide compatible avec le(s) fluide(s) traité(s), - au moins une plaque de compensation (21), perforée d'au moins un orifice (22) où une membrane vient en butée par l'intermédiaire d'un joint d'assemblage (24), cette plaque compatible avec le(s) fluide(s) traités possède un coefficient de dilatation correspondant à celui du carter où elle peut coulisser, - au moins une plaque de compression (31) revêtue d'un matériau compatible avec le(s) fluide(s) traités qui s'applique et peut glisser contre une plaque de compensation, - des tirants (41), fixés en périphérie de plaque(s) de compression et courant extérieurement au carter, pour assurer le maintien en position de la ou des membrane(s). Module for the treatment of fluid (s), in particular ultra-pure (s), by separation or catalytic treatment, including at least one treatment membrane (1) made of porous sintered material. This module comprises: - a rigid casing (11) compatible with the treated fluid (s), - at least one compensation plate (21), perforated with at least one orifice (22) or a membrane comes into abutment via an assembly joint (24), this plate compatible with the fluid (s) treated has an expansion coefficient corresponding to that of the casing where it can slide, - at least one compression plate (31) coated with a material compatible with the treated fluid (s) which is applied and can slide against a compensation plate, - tie rods (41), fixed at the periphery of the plate (s) compression and current outside the casing, to ensure that the diaphragm (s) are held in position.

DEVICE FOR the PHOSPHORIC MANUFACTURE Of ACID

DEVICE FOR PROCESSING AND CONDITIONING OF MATERIAL TRANSPORTED THROUGH THE DEVICE

The present invention relates to a device for treatment of material transported through the device having a specific design.

REACTOR SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR WOOD MODIFICATION

CHEMICAL REACTION METHOD OF LIQUID-SOLID TWO PHASE SYSTEM USING ZINC

PURPOSE: To prevent lumping of zinc and to obtain aimed compd. with good productivity by using a tilting type paddle vane as an impeller and rotating it at a specified r.p.m in a method for performing agitation by both a rotary shaft provided in the longitudinal direction of a reaction vessel and the impeller provided in the lower part thereof. CONSTITUTION: In a method for performing agitation by both a rotary shaft 3 provided in the longitudinal direction of a reaction vessel 1 and an impeller 4 provided in the lower part thereof, a tilting type paddle vane is used as the impeller 4. Therein zinc is used at one chemical equivalent-fold or more for the compd. for a raw material. The mean particle size of zinc id regulated to about 1-200μm and the weight ratio of zinc to a reactive solvent is regulated to about 0.1-0.3. Thereby since lumping of zinc is prevented, productivity is not impaired even during the time of mass production. Furthermore equal agitation effect is obtained even at ...

SURFACE TREATMENT DEVICE

PURPOSE: To maintain the specified flow rate of a treating liquid and to permit the quick discharge of deposited metals, fine dust, etc., by segmenting a treatment vessel body by two sheets of perforated plates to upper, middle and lower parts and injecting the surface treating liquid toward the intermediate part from the lower part. CONSTITUTION: The surface treating liquid 2 is introduced into the vessel body 4 from an introducing port 1 provided to the center of a bottom plate 3. The vessel body 4 is segmented by the perforated plates A10, B11 to the lower part 14, the intermediate part 13, and the upper part 12. The surface treating liquid 2 introduced into the vessel fills the lower part 14 and is injected from the small holes of the plate A10 to the part 13 to fill the part 13' thereafter, the liquid flows from the holes of the plate B11 gently to the upper part 12. The treating liquid 2 arriving at an aperture 6 is discharged to an overflow part 5. Works 7 are immersed into the upper ...

АКТИВИРУЮЩАЯ СТРУКТУРА, АППАРАТ ДЛЯ АКТИВАЦИИ ВЕЩЕСТВА И СПОСОБ АКТИВАЦИИ ВЕЩЕСТВА

Изобретение может быть использовано для химической и пищевой промышленности, а также медицине, фармацевтике и сельском хозяйстве. Сущность изобретения: Частицы, состоящие либо из единственного элемента, выбираемого из группы, в которую входят кремний, титан, никель и самарий или фторид углерода, располагают друг относительно друга таким образом, что происходит усиление волновой энергии, присущей элементу или фториду углерода, в результате чего между частицами возникает поле, где происходит концентрирование энергии. Таким образом получают активирующую структуру, которая способна генерировать водород путем освобождения из водородных связей воды или углеводорода или удалять вредные вещества из газа без подвода внешней энергии. 12 н. и 43 з.п. ф-лы, 4 табл., 23 ил.

СПОСОБ ОБРАБОТКИ ОТХОДОВ И СПОСОБ ПРЕОБРАЗОВАНИЯ ОТХОДОВ В АТМОСФЕРНЫЕ ГАЗЫ

Раскрывается способ и устройство для превращения исходной реакционной смеси, состоящей, например, из углеродсодержащих отходов, в растворенные атомарные составляющие для последующего окисления растворенных атомарных составляющих. Исходную смесь вводят в ванну расплава, которая при соответствующей (достаточной) температуре вызывает превращение в основном всей исходной смеси в ее атомарные составляющие, такие как атомарный углерод. В основном все атомарные составляющие, которые должны окислиться в ванне расплава, растворяются в ванне расплава. Окислитель нагнетают в ванну расплава с интенсивностью, достаточной для того, чтобы вызвать вступление окислителя в экзотермическую реакцию с растворенными атомарными составляющими для нагрева, по меньшей мере, части ванны расплава. Нагретая часть после этого подвергается воздействию введенной впоследствии исходной смеси, тем самым в основном вся введенная впоследствии исходная смесь превращается в атомарные составляющие, и тем самым в основном все ...

РЕАКТОРНАЯ СИСТЕМА И СПОСОБ МОДИФИКАЦИИ ДРЕВЕСИНЫ

... 1. Реакторная система для ацетилирования лигноцеллюлозных материалов, содержащая реакционный сосуд, имеющий закрываемое отверстие, выполненное с возможностью введения лигноцеллюлозного материала, вакуумный соединитель, выполненный с возможностью создания разрежения в реакционном сосуде, жидкостный вход и/или жидкостный выход для ацетилирующей текучей среды, газовый вход и газовый выход, соединенные с первым контуром для потока газа, который содержит линию для потока газа, соединяющую газовый вход и газовый выход, причемлиния для потока газа соединена с теплообменником и по меньшей мере одним вентилятором, авход и выход первого контура для потока газа расположены так, чтобы обеспечивать циркуляцию газа по диаметру реакционного сосуда.2. Реакторная система по п. 1, в которой вход первого контура для потока газа соединен с газораспределительным устройством, таким как распределительная пластина, которое расположено между указанным входом и внутренней частью реакционного сосуда.3. Реакторная ...

Verfahren zur Behandlung fester Koerper,Anwendung desselben auf die Herstellung von halb hydriertem Kalziumsulfat,Apparatur zur Ausuebung dieses Verfahrens und mittels desselben hergestellte Erzeugnisse

TRAGROST FUER REGELLOS GESCHUETTETE FUELLKOERPER

Neue Reaktor- und Verfahrenskonzepte zur technischen Anwendung der Photokatalyse

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Reaktor zur Durchführung photokatalysierter Reaktionen in flüssigen oder gasförmigen Reaktionsmedien, bestehend aus einem Reaktorbehälter mit einem festen Photokatalysator, Zu- und Abführungsleitungen, Mischvorrichtungen und einer Vorrichtung zum Zuführen von elektromagnetischer Strahlung, welche Mikroradiatoren enthalten, welche die elektromagnetische Strahlung absorbieren und zeitlich verzögert Licht abstrahlen, welches den Photokatalysator anregt sowie ein Verfahren zum Durchführen photokatalytischer Reaktionen, wobei feste PK in dem flüssigen oder gasförmigen Reaktionsmedium suspendiert und mittels Mikroradiatoren, die an einer elektromagnetischen Strahlungsquelle aufgeladen sind und diese Energie zeitlich verzögert abstrahlen, aktiviert werden.

Umlaufender Trommelofen

Membrane for e.g. pervaporation having medial sepg. layer

A composite membrane has at least one medial sepn.-active layer. The medial layer is soluble or unstable in at least one of the components of the mixt. to be sepd.. The medial layer is coated, at least on the side facing the mixt. for sepn., with an inert protective layer. Pref. the medial layer consists of a polymer or polymer mixt. The polymer(s) are treated with a water- or organic solvent-soluble material.

Gold secondary mercaptides and decorating compositions containing the same

Resinous compositions comprise a gold secondary mercaptide of the formula where R and R1 represent, the same or different, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl hydrocarbon radicals, a vehicle therefor and a gold flux. The flux may contain salts and resinates of rhodium, iridium, bismuth, chromium, lead, cadmium, tin, copper, cobalt, antimony and uranium. The vehicles include simple solvents, e.g. methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, ethyl acetate, amyl acetate, "Cellosolve" (Trade Mark), butanol, nitrobenzene, toluene, xylene, petroleum ether, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride, essential oils, e.g. oil of lavender, rosemary, aniseed, sassafras, wintergreen, fennel and turpentine, terpenes, e.g. pinene, dipentene and dipentene oxide, Assyrian asphalt and various rosins and balsams. Special vehicles, e.g. waxes and thermoplastic resins may be used.ALSO:A method for coating material with gold comprises coating the metal with a composition which contains a secondary gold ...

Improvements in or relating to apparatus for carrying out chemical reactions

... 971,188. Reactions between solids and liquids; dissolving. UNITED KINGDOM ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY. Feb. 18, 1963 [Feb. 23, 1962], No. 7126/62. Headings B1F and B1Q. [Also in Division G6] Reactions between solid bodies and liquids, especially the dissolution of radio-active materials such as UO 2 and PuO 2 from cans containing said materials which have been cut into suitable lengths, are carried out in an apparatus comprising a reaction column to the upper part of which the solid bodies are fed, a collecting box connected to the lower end of the column of such a shape and so located with respect to the column that the solids passing down the column form a free surface therein, a discharge column leading from the collecting box at a position adjacent to and generally above said free surface, means for directing pulses to said free surface from a position below said surface and means urging solids disturbed from said surface by said pulses towards and along the discharge column. As shown in ...

DEGRADATION OF ORGANIC CHEMICALS WITH TITANIUM CERAMIC MEMBRANES

TECHNIQUE FOR CHEMICAL REACTION

PROCEDURE FOR THE OXIDATION IN A MELTING BATH

COMPACT FIXED BED REACTOR FOR CATALYTIC REACTIONS WITH INTEGRATED HEAT EXCHANGE

DEVICE FOR OXIDATION OR REDUCTION OF OXIDIZE-CASH OR REDUCIBLE MATERIALS IN WAESSRIGER LOESUNG.

PROCEDURE FOR THE REDUCTION OR OXIDATION OF REDUCIBLE OR OXIDIZE-CASH MATERIALS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION.

CERAMIC FILLING MATERIAL WITH CHANNELS, FOR THERMAL AND CATALYTIC BEDS

Interfacial polymerization in a porous substrate and substrates functionalized with photochemical groups

Water treatment arrangement

CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND PROCESS

The invention concerns a catalyst carrier comprising a fibre paper impregnated with a slung comprising silica sol, micro fibres and a filler, wherein said micro fibres have an equivalent average particle size, measured with sedigraph method, from about 200 nm to about 30000 nm and said filler has an average equivalent particle size, measured with sedigraph method, from about 300 to about 10000 nm. The invention further concerns a method of its preparation, a slurry useful therefore, a catalyst comprising such a catalyst carrier and use of the catalyst.

MIXING SYSTEM OF SERIALLY DIFFERENTIATED UNITS COMPOSED OF CORRUGATED PLATES

DEVICE FOR THE GENERATION OF HYDROGEN, APPARATUSES THAT CONTAIN THE DEVICE, AND THEIR USE

It is described a device for the production of hydrogen gas by a reactor where aqueous solutions of metal borohydrides are hydrolyzed on catalysts based on ferromagnetic metals. Apparatuses containing said device are also described.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR OXIDATION IN A MOLTEN BATH

... 2113174 9302750 PCTABS00019 A method and system is disclosed for converting a feed, such as a carbonaceous waste, to dissolved atomic constituents for subsequent oxidation of the dissolved atomic constituents. The feed is injected into a molten bath which, at a sufficient temperature, causes conversion of essentially all of the feed to its atomic constituents, such as atomic carbon. Essentially all of the atomic constituents which are to be oxidized in the molten bath dissolve in the molten bath. An oxidant is injected into the molten bath at a rate sufficient to cause the oxidant to exothermically react with the dissolved atomic constituents to heat at least a portion of the molten bath. The heated portion is thereafter exposed to subsequently injected feed, whereby essentially all of the subsequently injected feed is converted to atomic constituents, and whereby essentially all of the atomic constituents which are to be oxidized in the molten bath dissolve in the molten bath, thereby ...

APPARATUS FOR PROMOTING REACTION BETWEEN SOLID AND LIQUID PHASES

An apparatus for reaction between a solid phase and a liquid phase of the present invention allows a tubular reaction vessel accommodating the liquid phase that reacts with the solid phase bound to the inside surface of said reaction vessel to hold in the peripheral region of a rotating element inclined with respect to the horizontal direction and also allows said tubular reaction vessel to repeat a predetermined number of cycles, each consisting at least of the steps of rotating continuously said rotating element in the inclined state at a predetermined constant speed for a predetermined time and loading/unloading said reaction vessel for the rest time of the rotating element. Because of these features, the apparatus of the present invention makes possible to have a simple construction which can be easily handled and can continuously promote the reaction in a plurality of the reaction vessels under identical reaction conditions for identical reaction time at a series of time. .

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ПОНИЖЕНИЯ ТЕМПЕРАТУРЫ ПОТЕРИ ТЕКУЧЕСТИ СЫРОЙ НЕФТИ ИЛИ ТЯЖЕЛОГО ДИЗЕЛЬНОГО ТОПЛИВА

Устройство для обработки сырой нефти или тяжелого дизельного топлива способом, которым можно понизить температуру потери текучести по меньшей мере до 0°С, и обработанная таким образом сырая нефть или тяжелое дизельное топливо сохраняет это свойство, по меньшей мере, в течение одного года. В настоящем изобретении описано устройство для понижения температуры потери текучести сырой нефти или тяжелого дизельного топлива с использованием конкретного способа ионизации, и указанный способ осуществляют путем пропускания нагретой среды через основное ионизирующее устройство (2), которое является заземленным, и которое состоит из трех параллельное соединенных сегментов (85), где каждый сегмент (85) состоит из защитной медной трубки (49), внутри которой расположена защитная изолирующая оболочка (73), внутри которой расположен медный корпус (71), а в каждом медном корпусе (71) расположен один внешний цилиндр (70) цилиндрической формы, в который помещен внутренний цилиндр (69), и указанные внешний цилиндр ...

Реактор для обработки сыпучих материалов жидкостями

Изобретение относится к области химической технологии, в частности к обработке продуктов синтеза алмаза и кубического нитрида бора жидкими реактивами с целью отделения кристаллов продукта от примесей. Реактор включает барабан с открытыми с обеих сторон горловинами, снабженный устройствами для вращения его вокруг своей оси, для изменения угла наклона оси барабана к горизонтальной плоскости, для загрузки обрабатываемого материала и обрабатывающей жидкости и для нагрева.

DEVICE FOR SPIDER NY FLOW TEMPERATURE CRUDE OIL OR HEAVY DIESEL FUEL

СПОСОБ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА КОНЦЕНТРИРОВАННОГО ЭКСТРАКТА СТЕВИИ (STEVIA REBAUDIANA BERTONI)

Способ производства концентрированного экстракта стевии (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni), который заключается в экстракции водным реагентом смеси дитерпеновых гликозидов из листьев стевии в течение 3-8 часов и концентрировании экстракта до массовой доли сухих веществ 52-55 %, причем концентрированный экстракт наносится на нейтральный пористый носитель в соотношении концентрированный экстракт: нейтральный носитель 0,1 ÷ 1,6:0,9 ÷ 1,2, после чего осуществляют его высушивание до содержания массовой доли сухих веществ 94-96 %, охлаждают до температуры окружающей среды 15- и разделяют механическим высокопроизводительным способом на заданные дозы по степени сладости.

Устройство для проведения химических реакций

Устройство содержит реакционную емкость с днищем и вращающейся вокруг вертикальной оси платформой со съемной перфорированной корзиной для сырья. Корпус вертикального приводного вала платформы установлен в полом пилоне, нижний край которого герметически скреплен с краями центрального отверстия днища, а верхняя кромка пилона расположена выше устройства для ограничения уровня жидкости.

УЛЬТРАЗВУКОВОЙ ПРОТИВОТОЧНЫЙ ШНЕКОВЫЙ ЭКСТРАКТОР ДЛЯ ИЗВЛЕЧЕНИЯ УРАНА

Способ и устройство для извлечения урана из массы материала, в котором способ включает стадии помещения массы твердого материала в ультразвуковой экстрактор и помещения некоторого количества кислоты в ультразвуковой экстрактор. Кроме того, способ содержит стадии нагрева рубашки ультразвукового экстрактора, перемещения в ультразвуковом экстракторе массы твердого материала и помещенного туда некоторого количества кислоты, так что масса твердого материала и кислота соприкасаются между собой внутри обогреваемого ультразвукового экстрактора в то время, когда ультразвуковой экстрактор передает ультразвуковую энергию как массе твердого материала, так и кислоте, при этом кислота экстрагирует уран из массы твердого материала. Предусмотрен сбор порции введенной кислоты и массы твердого материала в отдельных участках ультразвукового экстрактора, перемещение введенной кислоты с экстрагированным ураном в экстракционный смеситель-отстойник и выделение уранового продукта из экстракционного смесителя-отстойника ...

APPARATUS TO MAKE TURN OF THE CONTAINERS OF REACTION IN A TILTED ATTITUDE

Apparatus and process of treatment of substances in several stages

Process of dimerisation

MATERIAL HAS LARGE SURFACE SPECIFIC AND ITS APPLICATIONS TO SUPPORT THE CONTACT BETWEEN MEDIUMS OR REAGENTS IMPLYING OF THE PHYSICAL AND/OR CHEMICAL, AND/OR BIOLOGICAL PHENOMENA

L'INVENTION CONCERNE UN MATERIAU DE GARNISSAGE ESSENTIELLEMENT CARACTERISE EN CE QU'IL EST CONSTITUE PAR UNE PLURALITE DE BRINS, DE FILS, DE FILAMENTS, DE BANDELETTES 1, ASSEMBLES DE MANIERE A CONSTITUER UN FLOT, UNE TOUFFE, UNE HOUPPE, UN "POMPON" 3 OU ANALOGUE DESIGNE PAR "POMPON", CHACUN DE CES BRINS, FILS, FILAMENTS, BANDELETTES ETANT LIBRE DE TOUT MOUVEMENT, DE MANIERE A POUVOIR "FLOTTER" OU "NAGER" AISEMENT DANS TOUT MILIEU FLUIDE 4 (LIQUIDE OU GAZEUX) DANS LEQUEL ILS SONT PLONGES.

Improvements with the manufacture of the sheets or films of compositions containing of cellulose esters or ethers

Eléments de garnissage en couches comportant sur deux de leurs faces des canaux croisés et leurs caractéristiques

Elément de garnissage, destiné notamment aux colonnes de transfert de matière, d'échange thermique et de mélange entre deux fluides, formé d'une couche de matière d'épaisseur " E " sensiblement constante entre une face A et une face B sensiblement parallèles, ladite face A comportant au moins un canal ouvert et, de préférence, une pluralité de canaux ouverts, de profondeur Pa, s'étendant de part en part, sur ladite face A globalement suivant une direction AA' et ladite face B comportant une pluralité de canaux ouverts, ayant chacun, indépendamment les uns des autres une profondeur Pb, s'étendant de part en part sur ladite face B globalement suivant une direction BB' faisant un angle alpha avec la direction AA' de 10 à 170 degrés et la somme des profondeurs Pa + Pb étant égale à une valeur de 0,7 à 1,3 fois la valeur de l'épaisseur " E " de la couche. On obtient un garnissage, par exemple, par superposition de galettes formées par juxtaposition d'éléments de garnissage juxtaposés de manière ...

Geometrically regular bulk packing elements for exchange of material and/or heat or for mixing

Packing elements in layers comprising, on two of their faces, crossed channels and their characteristics

sistema de reator e processo para a acetilação de materiais lignocelulósicos e uso de um sistema de reator para conduzir um processo para a acetilação de materiais lignocelulósicos

FILTRATION AND FLOW DISTRIBUTION METHOD FOR CHEMICAL REACTORS

A method for removing contaminants from an organic-based feed stream which includes the use of a layer of reticulated ceramic material to filter the organic-based feed stream and to provide liquid distribution upstream of the catalyst bed.

Gas generation device

A catalytic device includes a hollow body, a piston housed in the hollow body, a catalyst of a gas generation reaction based on bringing a reactive liquid into contact with the catalyst, the catalyst being housed in a catalysis chamber, the piston and the hollow body defining a hermetic compression chamber for containing a compressible fluid, and being mobile relative to one another between a closed position in which the catalysis chamber is tight to the reactive liquid, and an open position for the entry of the reactive liquid into the catalysis chamber. The catalytic device is conformed to switch from the open position to the closed position, respectively from the closed position to the open position, when the compressible fluid is contained in the compression chamber and a force applied to the piston is greater than or equal to, respectively less than, a closure force.

Ceramic member with oxygen ion conductivity and use thereof

It is an object of the present invention to provide a ceramic member with excellent balance between oxygen ion conductivity and endurance (resistance to cracking and the like), an oxygen ion permeation module and a chemical reactor such as an oxygen separator, using such a ceramic member. The ceramic member with oxygen ion conductivity in accordance with the present invention has a perovskite-type crystal structure and a composition represented by the general formula: (Ln_1-xM_x)(Ti_1-yFe_y)O₃ (where Ln represents at least one element selected from lanthanoids, and M represents at least one element selected from the group containing Sr, Ca, and Ba, 0=1). The oxygen ion permeation module composed by employing such a ceramic member can be used as a structural component of an oxygen separator, an ...

Hydrogen generation system

Hydrogen generation system. A source of sodium borohydride is carried on a flexible substrate that moves from a feed roll to a takeup roll. A reaction among sodium borohydride, a catalyst and water evolves hydrogen and forms a by-product that is removed from the reaction area.

PROCESS AND PLANT FOR THE HYDROTHERMAL TREATMENT OF ASBESTOS AND/OR ASBESTOS-CONTAINING MATERIALS IN SUPERCRITICAL WATER

METHOD FOR PRODUCING WATER GAS

Material with a large specific surface and its use in favourizing the contact between environments or reactants involving physical and/or chemical and/or biological phenomena

LARGE SPECIFIC AREA MATERIAL AND SUBSTRATE CONTAINING IN PHYSICAL AND/OR CHEMICAL AND/OR BIOLOGICAL PHENOMENON AND APPLICATION THEREOF TO AVAILABLE CONTACT BETWEEN SAID SUBSTRATE AND REAGENT

Bimetallic Catalyst and Use in Xylene Production

The invention is directed to a bimetallic catalyst system adapted for the manufacture of xylenes, a process for making said catalyst system, and to the process of manufacture of xylenes using said catalyst system, providing, in embodiments, improved selectivity by at least one of higher ethylene saturation and low xylene loss, decreased susceptibility to poisoning from feedstream impurities, and ability to operate at less severe conditions. 1. A catalyst system comprising a first bed including at least one first metal selected from Groups 7-10 , and at least one second metal selected from silver , copper , ruthenium , indium and tin , dispersed on ZSM-5 , and a second bed including at least one first metal selected from Groups 7-10 , and at least one second metal selected from silver , copper , ruthenium , indium and tin , dispersed on ZSM-5 , further characterized in that ZSM-5 in the first bed is silicon-selectivated and ZSM-5 in the second bed is not silicon-selectivated.2. The catalyst system according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of said first bed and said second bed further comprises a support selected independently from at least one of alumina claim 1 , silica claim 1 , aluminosilicates claim 1 , clay claim 1 , and combinations thereof3. The catalyst system according to claim 1 , further characterized as including a first bed comprising a catalyst made by adding at least one first metal selected from Groups 7-10 and at least one second metal selected from silver claim 1 , copper claim 1 , ruthenium claim 1 , indium and tin by the incipient wetness technique to a silicone-selectivated ZSM-5 claim 1 , followed by drying and calcination claim 1 , and a second bed comprising a catalyst made by combining a metal solution comprising at least one first metal selected from Groups 7-10 and at least one second metal selected from silver claim 1 , copper claim 1 , ruthenium claim 1 , indium and tin claim 1 , and water and a non-selectivated ZSM-5 molecular sieve ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD OF DEHYDROGENATIVE COUPLING

Dehydrogenative coupling can be achieved in nearly quantitative conversions and yields using a membrane reactor. 1. A method of producing a dehydrogenative coupling product comprising:exposing a substrate to a catalyst in a reaction zone of a reactor;coupling the substrate to form the dehydrogenative coupling product and hydrogen; andseparating the hydrogen from the dehydrogenative coupling product using a selectively permeable membrane and passing the hydrogen to a gas release zone of the reactor.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the selectively permeable membrane includes a metal membrane on a solid support.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the metal membrane includes palladium.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the solid support includes a silicon oxide claim 2 , aluminum oxide claim 2 , titanium oxide claim 2 , zirconium oxide claim 2 , magnesium oxide claim 2 , cerium oxide claim 2 , zinc oxide claim 2 , molybdenum oxide claim 2 , iron oxide claim 2 , nickel oxide claim 2 , cobalt oxide claim 2 , graphite claim 2 , or stainless steel.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is a low boiling point alcohol.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dehydrogenative coupling product is an ester.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is a homogeneous catalyst.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the substrate and the catalyst are substantially free of solvent.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein conversion of the substrate to the dehydrogenative coupling product is substantially quantitative.10. A system for producing a dehydrogenative coupling product comprising:a reactor including a reaction zone and a gas release zone separated by a selectively permeable membrane,wherein the selectively permeable membrane permits hydrogen to pass through the membrane and substantially blocks a substrate and its dehydrogenative coupling product from passing through the membrane.11. The system of claim 10 , wherein the gas release zone is configured to transport hydrogen ...

Monolithic Reactor

A monolith catalyst carrier for insertion in a tube of a tubular reactor has a container for holding a monolith catalyst in use. The container has a bottom surface closing the container and a skirt extending upwardly from the bottom surface of the container to a position below the location of a seal and spaced therefrom. The skirt is positioned such that there is a space between an outer surface of the monolith catalyst and the skirt. A seal is located at or near a top surface of the monolith catalyst and extends from the monolith catalyst by a distance which extends beyond an outer surface of the skirt. 1. A monolith catalyst carrier for insertion in a tube of a tubular reactor comprising:a container for holding a monolith catalyst in use, said container having a bottom surface closing the container and a skirt extending upwardly from the bottom surface of said container to a position below the location of a seal and spaced therefrom, said skirt being positioned such that there is a space between an outer surface of the monolith catalyst and the skirt; anda seal located at or near a top surface of the monolith catalyst and extending from the monolith catalyst by a distance which extends beyond an outer surface of the skirt.2. A monolith catalyst carrier according to wherein the monolith catalyst is a solid.3. A monolith catalyst carrier according to additionally including feet on the upper face of the bottom surface.4. A monolith catalyst carrier according to wherein the monolith catalyst has a channel extending longitudinally therethrough.5. A monolith catalyst carrier according to wherein the monolith catalyst is of circular cross-section.6. A monolith catalyst carrier according to wherein the catalyst earner includes a top surface which claim 4 , in use claim 4 , will extend over the monolith catalyst but leave the channel uncovered.7. A monolith catalyst carrier according to wherein the bottom surface includes one or more drain holes.8. A monolith catalyst ...

Hydrocarbon Reforming Device Using Micro Channel Heater

Disclosed is a hydrocarbon reforming device using a micro channel heater capable of utilizing combustion heat of a fuel as an energy source for reforming reaction of hydrocarbon, which includes metal sheets having micro channels laminated in plural, thus being suitably used as a middle and small compact type device for hydrogen production. Specifically, in the case where a hydrogen purification process is applied to a hydrogen production device combined with a separation membrane, since the hydrogen-containing gas, which does not penetrate the separation membrane, can be utilized as a fuel, the inventive device may be utilized as a hydrogen production system having high efficiency. 1. A hydrocarbon reforming device using a micro channel heater , comprising:a top plate including an air feeder connected to an air supplier to supply air, a fuel feeder which is connected to a fuel supplier to supply the fuel and has an ignition catalyst provided therein, and a reformed gas exhaust line wherein the reformed gas is generated by reforming reaction;a bottom plate including a source feeder connected to a source (gas) supplier to supply the source gas and an exhaust gas outlet line wherein the exhaust gas is generated from the reaction;an air preheating part which is provided under the top plate and includes a heating plate and a reforming plate alternately laminated therein, wherein the supplied air from the air feeder is preheated using heat residue of the reformed gas and mixed with the fuel, in turn conducting combustion;an upper channel isolation plate which is provided under the air preheating part and through which the combusted exhaust gas and reformed gas only are passed;a reforming reaction part having: a heating plate which is provided under the upper channel isolation plate to transfer heat of combustion (‘combustion heat’) of the exhaust gas;and a reforming plate which is provided under the heating plate and arranged between the upper reformed gas channeling ...

CATALYTIC ISOBUTANE ALKYLATION

A novel catalytic reactor is provided for controlling the contact of a limiting reactant with a catalyst surface. A first flow vessel defines an interior surface and an exterior surface, and the interior surface has a catalyst deposited on at least a portion thereof. A second flow vessel is positioned within the first flow vessel and the second flow vessel defines a porous surface designed to deliver a fluid uniformly to at least a portion of the interior surface of the first flow vessel. 1. A reactor for the partial oxidation of a hydrocarbon with an oxidant , wherein the reactor provides for controlling the contact of a limiting reactant comprising the oxidant with a catalyst surface , the reactor comprising:(a) a first flow vessel defining an interior surface and an exterior surface;(b) a catalyst capable of catalyzing the partial oxidation of a hydrocarbon, the catalyst deposited on at least a portion of the interior surface of the first flow vessel;(c) a second flow vessel positioned within the first flow vessel wherein the second flow vessel defines a porous surface designed to deliver a limiting reactant comprising an oxidant uniformly over the surface of the partial oxidation catalyst deposited on the interior surface of the first flow vessel; and(d) wherein under operative conditions when passing a feed of hydrocarbon between the second flow vessel exterior surface and the first flow vessel interior surface and when passing a feed of oxidant into the second flow vessel, a hydrocarbon-to-oxidant surface ratio at the surface of the catalyst is maintained greater than 50 times a hydrocarbon-to-oxidant feed ratio of the feeds of hydrocarbon and oxidant to the reactor.2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. The reactor of wherein the catalyst comprises a precious metal.6. The reactor of wherein the catalyst comprises platinum.7. The reactor of wherein the catalyst comprises rhodium8. The reactor of wherein the first vessel exterior surface is in contact with a ...

REACTOR SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING HYDROCARBONS FROM SYNTHETIC GAS

The invention relates to a reactor system, comprising a heat-exchange unit and a reaction unit that are assembled together into a structure. The heat-exchange unit has a plurality of plate or corrugated-plate heat exchangers, and is formed so as to attachable/detachable to/from the reaction unit and insertable into the latter. Accordingly, a catalyst may be attached to a heat-transfer surface of a heat exchanger by a washcoat method or the like, thus maximizing heat-transfer efficiency and enabling the easy removal or reattachment of the catalyst when the enabling the easy removal or reattachment of the catalyst at the end of the lifespan of the catalyst. 1. A reactor system for producing hydrocarbons from synthesis gas , the reactor system comprising:a heat exchange unit configured to inject a heat transfer medium therein and discharge the heat transfer medium that has been heat exchanged while passing through a plurality of heat exchange plates, the heat exchange plates having catalyst material attached thereto;a dispersion unit configured to distribute the injected heat transfer medium to the respective heat exchange plates;a shell configured to have an inner reaction space into which the heat exchange plates of the heat exchange unit are inserted through an opened one side, wherein the inner reaction space is partitioned by the heat exchange plates to define reaction channels, a reaction mixture is injected into the reaction channels and a product mixture is then discharged from the shell;a fixing groove arranged at the side facing the reaction space into which the heat exchange plates are inserted and configured to fix the inserted heat exchange plates therein; andflanges configured to fasten the heat exchange unit and the shell.2. The reactor system of claim 1 , wherein the heat exchange unit is made in a flat-type having a heat transfer path formed therein with a plurality of fins arranged thereon in regular intervals claim 1 , or in the shape of a corrugated ...

SOLID/HEAT-TRANSFER GAS REACTOR COMPRISING GAS DIFFUSERS WITH REDUCED RISKS OF BLOCKING

A module for a solid/heat-transfer gas reactor, including a plurality of diffusers each including a top portion supporting the solid reagent, and a portion for diffusing reactive/heat-transfer gas, situated under the top portion. 19-. (canceled)10. A solid/heat-transfer gas reactor comprising:a plurality of modules stacked in a vertical direction, comprising reactive solids configured to have the heat-transfer gas pass through them;wherein each module comprises a plurality of diffusers each including a top portion supporting one of the solid reagents, and a portion for diffusing reactive/heat-transfer gas, situated under the top support portion, and comprising a lateral gas-distribution channel, and a lateral gas-collection channel,each module further comprising a double wall between which the gas is configured to circulate before entering through the diffusers, the diffusers projecting upwards from a top wall of the double wall, and wherein any two directly consecutive modules in the stack define a housing cavity receiving one of the solid reagents carried at least partially by the diffusers arranged in the cavity,the lateral gas-distribution channels of the stacked modules forming together a vertical distributor supplying gas to each of spaces defined between two walls of the double walls, andwherein the lateral gas-collection channels of the stacked modules form together a vertical collector collecting the gas coming from each of the housing cavities.11. A reactor according to claim 10 , wherein claim 10 , in vertical projection onto a horizontal plane claim 10 , the top portion supporting the solid entirely covers the gas-diffusion portion.12. A reactor according to claim 10 , wherein each diffuser takes a form of a cylindrical stud of which at least part of the lateral surface constitutes the gas-diffusion portion.13. A reactor according to claim 10 , wherein claim 10 , on each module claim 10 , the diffusers are provided with a density of 75 to 150 diffusers/m ...

Hydrogen generator

A hydrogen generator includes a container having a gas outlet that is configured to contain a soluble chemical fuel that reacts with a catalyst to generate hydrogen. A control cylinder is attached to the container and comprises a piston configured to travel axially within the control cylinder, a pole attached to the piston and extending into the container, a catalyst holder provided within the container and connected to the pole, resilient means biasing the catalyst holder towards a bottom of the container, and a gas inlet port. A gas flow line is in fluid communication with the gas outlet and has a first end in fluid communication with the gas inlet port, a second end configured to feed hydrogen to a hydrogen-consuming device, and a two-way valve provided to allow fluid communication between the first and second ends of the gas flow line to be selectably established or cut off.

METHOD OF FABRICATING CONCENTRIC-TUBE CATALYTIC REACTOR ASSEMBLY

A method of fabricating a catalytic reactor assembly having an outer tube and an inner tube is provided. The method may include inserting a catalyst into the outer tube and inserting the inner tube through the catalyst. The method may further include radially expanding the inner tube against the catalyst. 1. A method of fabricating a catalytic reactor assembly having an outer tube and an inner tube , the method comprising:inserting a catalyst into the outer tube;inserting the inner tube through the catalyst; andradially expanding the inner tube against the catalyst.2. The method of claim 1 , further including sealing a first end of the inner tube.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein sealing the first end of the inner tube includes at least one of installing a compressing fitting and welding.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the inner tube is radially expanded by directing a pressurized fluid into a second end of the inner tube.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the pressurized fluid is a hydraulic fluid.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inner tube is radially expanded by forcing an expansion object through the inner tube.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is one of an annular catalyst claim 1 , a cylindrical catalyst claim 1 , and a toroidal catalyst.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the catalyst comprises one or more of particulates claim 7 , pellets claim 7 , and a coating disposed on a support structure.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the outer tube claim 1 , the catalyst claim 1 , and the inner tube are concentric.10. The method of claim 1 , further including sealing a first end of the outer tube.11. A method of fabricating a catalytic reactor assembly having an outer tube and an inner tube claim 1 , the method comprising:inserting a catalyst into the outer tube;inserting the inner tube through the catalyst, wherein the inner tube is concentric with the catalyst and the outer tube;connecting at least a first end of the inner tube to a source ...

METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR ISOMERIZATION OF PARAFFINS

Embodiments of methods and apparatuses for isomerization of paraffins are provided. In one example, a method comprises the steps of separating an isomerization effluent into a product stream that comprises branched paraffins and a stabilizer overhead vapor stream that comprises HCl, H, and C-hydrocarbons. C-hydrocarbons are removed from at least a portion of the stabilizer overhead vapor stream to form a HCl and H-rich stream. An isomerization catalyst is activated using at least a portion of the HCl and H-rich stream to form a chloride-promoted isomerization catalyst. A paraffin feed stream is contacted with the chloride-promoted isomerization catalyst in the presence of hydrogen for isomerization of the paraffins. 1. A method for isomerization of paraffins , the method comprising the steps of:{'b': 42', '44', '46, 'sub': 2', '6, 'separating an isomerization effluent () into a product stream () that comprises branched and un-branched paraffins and a stabilizer overhead vapor stream () that comprises HCl, H, and C-hydrocarbons;'}{'sub': 6', '2, 'b': 46', '40, 'removing C-hydrocarbons from at least a portion of the stabilizer overhead vapor stream () to form a HCl and H-rich stream ();'}{'sub': '2', 'b': '40', 'activating an isomerization catalyst using at least a portion of the HCl and H-rich stream () to form a chloride-promoted isomerization catalyst; and'}{'b': '22', 'contacting a paraffin feed stream () with the chloride-promoted isomerization catalyst in the presence of hydrogen for isomerization of the paraffins.'}2465462. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of removing comprises separating the stabilizer overhead vapor stream () at first separation conditions effective to form a liquid stream () that comprises Chydrocarbon and a net gas stream () that comprises HCl claim 1 , H claim 1 , and C-hydrocarbons.346. The method of claim 2 , wherein the step of removing comprises separating the stabilizer overhead vapor stream () at the first separation ...

SUBSTRATE PROCESSING METHOD AND SUBSTRATE PROCESSING APPARATUS

A substrate processing method includes an SPM supplying step of supplying SPM having high temperature to an upper surface of a substrate, a DIW supplying step of supplying, after the SPM supplying step, DIW having room temperature to the upper surface of the substrate to rinse off a liquid remaining on the substrate, and a hydrogen peroxide water supplying step of supplying, after the SPM supplying step and before the DIW supplying step, hydrogen peroxide water of a liquid temperature lower than the temperature of the SPM and not less than room temperature, to the upper surface of the substrate in a state where the SPM remains on the substrate. 1. A substrate processing method comprising:a chemical liquid supplying step of supplying a chemical liquid having a first temperature to a major surface of a substrate;a rinse liquid supplying step of supplying, after the chemical liquid supplying step, a rinse liquid having a second temperature lower than the first temperature to the major surface of the substrate to rinse off a liquid remaining on the substrate; anda reaction liquid supplying step of supplying, after the chemical liquid supplying step and before the rinse liquid supplying step, a reaction liquid, causing an exothermic reaction upon mixing with the chemical liquid and having a liquid temperature lower than the first temperature and not less than the second temperature, to the major surface of the substrate in a state where the chemical liquid supplied to the substrate in the chemical liquid supplying step remains on the substrate.2. The substrate processing method according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction liquid supplying step includes:a supply starting step of starting a supplying of the reaction liquid to the major surface of the substrate at an intermediate portion, between a central portion and a peripheral edge portion, in a state where an entire major surface of the substrate that is rotating is covered by the chemical liquid; anda liquid landing ...

NON-ADIABATIC CATALYTIC REACTOR

A non-adiabatic catalytic reactor for reacting a fluid includes a tube comprising an inlet, an outlet, a first wall, a diameter, a length, and a tube axis. The reactor also includes a plurality of structured packings disposed within the tube, and a plurality of mixing regions disposed within the tube. The structured packings and the mixed regions are arranged in an alternating pattern. Each structured packing includes one or more second walls defining channels for fluid flow through the structured packing, the channels being substantially parallel to the tube axis, the one or more second walls of the structured packing including a catalyst. At least one of the mixing regions permits mixing of first fluid proximate the first wall with second fluid farther from the first wall than the first fluid. 1. A non-adiabatic catalytic reactor for reacting a fluid , the reactor comprising:a tube comprising an inlet, an outlet, a first wall, a diameter, a length, and a tube axis;a plurality of structured packings disposed within the tube; anda plurality of mixing regions disposed within the tube; the structured packings and the mixed regions are arranged in an alternating pattern;', 'each structured packing includes one or more second walls defining channels for fluid flow through the structured packing, the channels being substantially parallel to the tube axis, the one or more second walls of the structured packing including a catalyst; and', 'at least one of the mixing regions permits mixing of first fluid proximate the first wall with second fluid farther from the first wall than the first fluid., 'wherein2. The reactor of claim 1 , wherein the structured packing has a length greater than 0.2 times a diameter of the tube and less than 20 times the diameter of the tube.3. The reactor of claim 2 , wherein the structured packing has a length greater than 0.5 times the diameter of the tube and less than 8 times the diameter of the tube.4. The reactor of claim 1 , wherein the ...

FISCHER TROPSCH REACTOR

There is herein described a Fischer-Tropsch reactor. More particularly, there is described a Fischer-Tropsch reactor that incorporates forced flow through a small pore, thick layer, monolith supported catalyst and high levels of heat transfer that is able to operate with high levels of catalyst effectiveness. The catalyst bed () is supported on a distinct porous structure () through which the syn-gas flow is forced and the catalyst layer has a thickness of more than 200 microns. 142-. (canceled)43. A reactor for converting synthesis gas in a Fischer-Tropsch process using a supported catalyst to produce heavy paraffins wherein the catalyst is supported on a distinct porous structure through which the syngas flow is forced and the catalyst layer has a thickness of more than 200 microns.44. A reactor according to where the porous structures and catalyst are substantially sealed across the reactor tube claim 43 , tubes or channel; and wherein the catalyst is cobalt supported on alumina.45. A reactor according to claim 43 , wherein the porous support contains less than 10 wt % cobalt; or less than 5 wt % cobalt and wherein the supported catalyst layer contains more than 10 wt % cobalt claim 43 , or more than 15 wt % cobalt.46. A reactor according to claim 43 , wherein the geometric surface area of the catalyst support covered in catalyst is more than 0.1 m/litre; more than 0.16 m/litre; more than 0.2 m/litre; more than 0.4 m/litre; or more than 1.0 m/litre.47. A reactor according to claim 43 , wherein the catalyst layer is more than 0.25 mm thick; more than 0.5 mm thick; more than 1.0 mm thick; more than 3.0 mm thick; is less than 10 mm thick; less than 5 mm thick; less than 3 mm thick; or less than 1 mm thick.48. A reactor according to claim 43 , wherein the catalyst support forms a distinct single internal surface with a geometric surface area greater than the cylinder within which it can be inscribed; and wherein the catalyst support forms a planar cavity anda. Where ...

Reactor

A reactor includes a plurality of reaction side flow passages through which a reaction fluid flows, a catalyst (catalyst structure) disposed inside the reaction side flow passages to accelerate the reaction of the reaction fluid, a plurality of heat medium side flow passages which are alternately stacked with the reaction side flow passages, and through which a heat medium flows, and a suppression flow passage which is disposed adjacent to a surface of the reaction side flow passage, the heat medium side flow passages being not stacked on the surface, and through which flows a suppression fluid suppressing the heat dissipation to the outside from the reaction fluid flowing through the reaction side flow passage, or the heat transfer from the outside to the reaction fluid.

SYSTEM AND METHOD OF DEHYDROGENATIVE COUPLING

Dehydrogenative coupling can be achieved in nearly quantitative conversions and yields using a membrane reactor. 1. A method of producing a dehydrogenative coupling product , comprising:exposing a substrate to a catalyst in a reaction zone of a reactor;coupling the substrate to form the dehydrogenative coupling product and hydrogen; andseparating the hydrogen from the dehydrogenative coupling product using a selectively permeable membrane and passing the hydrogen to a gas release zone of the reactor.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the selectively permeable membrane includes a metal membrane on a solid support.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the metal membrane includes palladium.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the solid support includes a silicon oxide claim 2 , aluminum oxide claim 2 , titanium oxide claim 2 , zirconium oxide claim 2 , magnesium oxide claim 2 , cerium oxide claim 2 , zinc oxide claim 2 , molybdenum oxide claim 2 , iron oxide claim 2 , nickel oxide claim 2 , cobalt oxide claim 2 , graphite claim 2 , or stainless steel.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is a C1-C16 primary alcohol claim 1 , a C1-C8 primary alcohol claim 1 , or a C1-C5 primary alcohol claim 1 , or a mixture of two or more of said alcohols.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dehydrogenative coupling product is an ester.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dehydrogenative coupling product is an alkyl ester of an alcohol.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dehydrogenative coupling product is methyl formate claim 1 , ethyl acetate claim 1 , propyl propanoate claim 1 , butyl butanoate claim 1 , or pentyl pentanoate.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is a transition metal complex of ruthenium claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , iron claim 1 , copper claim 1 , cobalt claim 1 , palladium claim 1 , or platinum.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is a dearomatized PNN-Ru(II) catalyst.14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the substrate and the ...

MICRO-CHANNEL WATER-GAS SHIFT REACTION DEVICE HAVING BUILT-IN FLOW-THROUGH-TYPE METAL CATALYST

The present invention relates to a micro-channel water-gas shift (WGS) reaction device for WGS for generating hydrogen and pre-combustion carbon capture and storage (CCS) from coal gasification, the device using a micro-channel heat exchanger and through-type metal catalyst capable of rapidly dissipating heat generated during single-stage WGS reaction of high concentration CO in a high temperature space. 1. A micro-channel water-gas shift (WGS) reaction device comprising:an upper plate including a heat transfer gas supply pipe which is connected with a heat transfer gas supply source to supply a heat transfer gas, and a product gas discharge pipe for discharging a product gas;a lower plate including a reactant gas supply pipe which is connected with a reactant gas supply source to supply a reactant gas, and a heat transfer gas discharge pipe for discharging the heat transfer gas;an upper heat transfer unit which is disposed under the upper plate and includes an upper heat transfer gas flow path which is connected with the heat transfer gas supply pipe to flow the heat transfer gas, and an upper product gas flow path which is formed in contact with the upper heat transfer gas flow path so as to allow heat transfer therebetween, and connected with the product gas discharge pipe;a lower heat transfer unit which is disposed on the lower plate and includes a lower heat transfer gas flow path which is connected with the heat transfer gas discharge pipe to flow the heat transfer gas, and a lower reactant gas flow path which is formed in contact with the lower heat transfer gas flow path so as to allow heat transfer therebetween, and connected with the product gas supply pipe; andat least one reaction units laminated between the upper heat transfer unit and the lower heat transfer unit,wherein the reaction unit, in order to be laminated in one or more layers, includes:a gas supply plate on which a gas supply channel for communicating only with the lower reactant gas flow ...

COATING A MONOLITH SUBSTRATE WITH CATALYST COMPONENT

A method of coating a honeycomb monolith substrate comprising a plurality of channels with a liquid comprising a catalyst component comprises the steps of: (i) holding a honeycomb monolith substrate substantially vertically; (ii) introducing a pre-determined volume of the liquid into the substrate via open ends of the channels at a lower end of the substrate; (iii) sealingly retaining the introduced liquid within the substrate; (iv) inverting the substrate containing the retained liquid; and (v) applying a vacuum to open ends of the channels of the substrate at the inverted, lower end of the substrate to draw the liquid along the channels of the substrate. 127-. (canceled)28. An apparatus for coating a honeycomb monolith substrate comprising a plurality of channels with a liquid comprising a catalyst component , which apparatus comprising:(a) means for holding a honeycomb monolith substrate substantially vertically;(b) means for introducing a pre-determined volume of the liquid into the substrate via open ends of the channels at a lower end of the substrate;(c) means for sealingly retaining the introduced liquid within the substrate;(d) means for inverting the substrate containing the retained liquid; and(e) means for applying a vacuum to open ends of the channels of the substrate at the inverted, lower end of the substrate to draw the liquid along the channels of the substrate.29. The apparatus of claim 28 , wherein the holding means comprises a housing for receiving at least the lower end of the substrate.30. The apparatus of claim 29 , wherein the holding means comprises an inflatable collar disposed on an internal surface of the housing for engaging with an outer surface of the substrate.31. The apparatus of claim 28 , wherein the liquid introducing means comprises a piston that reciprocates within a cylinder.32. The apparatus of claim 31 , wherein the piston reciprocates between a first position wherein a piston head abuts a cylinder head and a second position ...

MEMBRANE REACTION APPARATUS FOR RECOVERING HEAT OF REACTION

The present invention provides a membrane reaction apparatus for recovering heat of reaction, which includes a membrane reactor. The said membrane reactor includes a reaction pipeline, a membrane and a sweep pipeline. The reaction pipeline has a reaction space, and an exothermic reaction occurs therein, which generates product gas and heat of reaction. Part of the product gas penetrates through the membrane around the reaction space and enters into the sweep pipeline. Sweeping gas enters into the sweep pipeline and carries the product gas and the heat of reaction away. It is feasible to wrap the product gas around the sweep pipeline, for enhancing the heat transfer from the product gas to the sweeping gas. The heat of reaction brought by the sweeping gas can be further released in a heat exchanger. so that the heat of reaction is available to be recovered and used for other endothermic processes. 1. A membrane reaction apparatus for recovering heat of reaction comprising:a membrane reactor comprising:a reaction pipeline, which comprises a reaction space for exothermic reaction therein;a membrane installed in outer side of the reaction space and the both sides of the membrane connected with the reaction pipeline, wherein product gas and heat of reaction generated from the exothermic reaction pass through or are accumulated by the membrane; anda sweep pipeline, wherein the one side of the sweep pipeline is installed in outer side of the membrane, and sweeping gas enters into the sweep pipeline and contacts with the membrane, then carries away the product gas and the heat of reaction.2. The membrane reaction apparatus for recovering heat of reaction as claimed in . wherein the reaction space further comprises a catalytic layer with multiple pores therein for catalyzing the exothermic reaction claim 1 , and the product gas is generated by catalysis of the catalytic layer and passes through the pores and penetrates the membrane.3. The membrane reaction apparatus for ...

MEMBRANE REACTOR WITH DIVERGENT-FLOW CHANNEL

A membrane reactor with divergent-flow channel includes a reaction pipeline, a membrane and a purge (sweep) pipeline sequentially arranged from inside to outside or from outside to inside. The reaction pipeline has a cross-sectional area increment from the front (upstream) end to the rear (downstream) end, so that the flow velocity of a reactant gas is decreased from the upstream end to the downstream end to extend the residence time of the reactant gas and improve the reaction rate of the reactant gas. The sweep pipeline has a cross-sectional area decrement from the upstream end to the downstream end, so that the flow velocity of a purging (sweeping) gas is increased from the upstream end to the downstream end to accelerate the reactant gas, and a product gas generated from the reaction passes through the membrane and enters the sweep pipeline to improve the reaction efficiency. 1. A membrane reactor with divergent-flow channel , comprising:a reaction pipeline, having a cross-sectional area increment from the upstream end to the downstream end of the reaction pipeline, and a reaction gas being reacted in the reaction pipeline to generate a product gas;a membrane, disposed on an external side of the reaction pipeline; anda sweep pipeline, installed on an external side of the membrane, and at least a part of the product gas passing from the reaction pipeline into the sweep pipeline through the membrane, and a sweeping gas flowing from the upstream end to the downstream end of the sweep pipeline to carry away the product gas.2. The membrane reactor with divergent-flow channel of claim 1 , wherein the reaction pipeline further includes a catalyst layer filled in the reaction pipeline and provided for catalyzing a reaction claim 1 , and a plurality of pores for flowing the reaction gas or the product gas through the pores.3. The membrane reactor with divergent-flow channel of claim 1 , wherein the sweep pipeline has a cross-sectional area decrement from the upstream end ...

BATCH SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR HYDROGEN GAS EXTRACTION FROM A LIQUID HYDROGEN CARRIER

A system for extracting hydrogen gas from a liquid hydrogen carrier may include a hydrogen gas reactor, a catalyst for facilitating extraction of the hydrogen gas from the liquid hydrogen carrier, and a reservoir for containing the liquid hydrogen carrier and a spend liquid hydrogen carrier. The system may be configured to regulate a flow of liquid hydrogen carrier in and out of the hydrogen gas reactor, to move a catalyst relative to a volume of the liquid hydrogen carrier, and to provide a continuous flow of the hydrogen gas, in response to a demand for the hydrogen gas. 1. A system for extracting hydrogen gas from a liquid hydrogen carrier , the system comprising:a hydrogen gas reactor including a catalyst configured to generate the hydrogen gas after exposure to the liquid hydrogen carrier;a liquid hydrogen carrier channel for flowing the liquid hydrogen carrier into the hydrogen gas reactor; anda hydrogen gas outlet through which the generated hydrogen gas flows from the hydrogen gas reactor;wherein, the system is configured such that in response to an increase in pressure inside the hydrogen gas reactor, a volume of the liquid hydrogen carrier within the hydrogen gas reactor is decreased; andwherein, the system is configured such that in response to a decrease in pressure inside the reactor, the volume of the liquid hydrogen carrier within the hydrogen gas reactor is increased.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , the increase in a rate of hydrogen gas generation is caused by an increase in exposure of the catalyst to the liquid hydrogen carrier.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , the decrease in a rate of hydrogen gas generation is caused by a decrease in exposure of the catalyst to the liquid hydrogen carrier.4. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a gas outflow valve configured to control the hydrogen gas flow rate through the hydrogen gas outlet.5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a liquid hydrogen carrier reservoir fluidly ...

Microscale Chemical Reactors

A catalytic microscale reactor with spiral reactor geometry may have a high surface area to volume ratio, high catalytic surface area, high heat transfer surface area, long residence time, and high single pass conversion. The catalytic surface may be treated with microsphere spacer particles which serve to maintain the space between them at an engineered distance without the need for precise manufacturing techniques. The design of the reactor may allow for a catalyst surface to be removed, uncoiled, refurbished, and recoiled in an automated continuous process. An automated continuous process may be suitable both for initially preparing a new catalytic surface as well as refurbishing a fouled catalytic surface and may the time and cost to prepare a new surface. 1. A method of producing a reactive component comprising continuously feeding a substrate past a first processing apparatus , wherein the first processing apparatus deposits a reactive substance on the substrate.2. The method of further comprising continuously feeding the substrate past a second processing apparatus claim 1 , wherein the second processing apparatus prepares a surface of the substrate to receive the reactive substance.3. The method of wherein the reactive coating comprises a catalytic coating.4. The method of wherein the reactive coating comprises a biofilm.5. The method of wherein the substrate has previously been used as part of a reactive component.6. The method of further comprising applying spacers to the substrate.710-. (canceled)11. An apparatus for continuously producing a catalytic surface comprising:a first reel for accommodating a coiled substrate at a first end of the apparatus;a second reel for accommodating a treated coiled substrate at a second end of the apparatus;a rotary engine for moving the coiled substrate from the first reel to the second reel; andan element for depositing a reactive substance.12. The apparatus of wherein the element for depositing the reactive substance ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTINUOUS SULFONIZATION OF DISCRETE ARTICLE

An apparatus for continuous sulfonization of discrete articles using ultra-dry air, sulfur trioxide gas, and a neutralizing fluid includes a sulfonization chamber for treating the discrete articles with sulfur trioxide gas, the sulfonization chamber including a chamber bottom having a circular periphery extending about a center axis and defining a chamber bottom opening on the center axis, the chamber wall having a cylindrical shape extending upwardly about the circular periphery of the chamber bottom and perpendicular to the chamber bottom, and a rotating dial plate having a circular periphery and presenting an upper surface extending radially from and rotatable about the center axis and disposed above the chamber bottom for receiving the discrete articles at the circular periphery of the rotating dial plate. 1. An apparatus for continuous sulfonization of discrete articles using ultra-dry air , sulfur trioxide gas , and a neutralizing fluid comprising:a sulfonization chamber for treating the discrete articles with sulfur trioxide gas;said sulfonization chamber including a chamber bottom having a circular periphery extending about a center axis and defining a chamber bottom opening on said center axis;said chamber wall having a cylindrical shape extending upwardly about the circular periphery of the chamber bottom and perpendicular to said chamber bottom; anda rotating dial plate having a circular periphery and presenting an upper surface extending radially from and rotatable about said center axis and disposed above said chamber bottom for receiving the discrete articles at said circular periphery of said rotating dial plate.2. A sulfonization apparatus as set forth in wherein said chamber wall includes a guide arm extending parallel to and spaced from the upper surface of the rotating dial plate claim 1 , and said guide arm includes a plurality of guides being arcuate in shape extending perpendicularly from the guide arm toward said upper surface of the rotating ...

LIQUID DISTRIBUTORS FOR MONOLITH CATALYSTS AND SUBSTRATES

The present invention relates to different liquid distributors for monolith in multiphase applications. The present invention more particularly relates to distributor devices in the form of a single injection and multiple injection pipe distributors; shower head distributor comprising a plurality of holes for plunging liquid; a packing of spherical particles with a pre-distributor to split the liquid into manifold streams, before entry into the monolith bed. The present invention provides liquid distributors for monolith in multiphase applications providing improved liquid distribution into the monolith bed resulting in uniform fluid flow in each channel so as to make maximum use of the catalyst surface area. 1. A device for distributing a liquid flow stream downwardly into a monolith bed , comprising:a. an enclosed vessel comprising inlet port to hold an inlet feed axial pipe through a connector at centre position in vessel to feed liquid;b. two side inlet ports at the top peripheral of the vessel for gas phase entry;c. an output of inlet feed pipe for recovering liquid either through single drip (single pipe distributor) or the said output transforming into multiple nozzles downstream symmetrically spaced to distribute liquid in a uniform fashion across the cross section of monolith; andd. sufficient space of 0.1 to 0.6 times the bed diameter interposed in between nozzle's exit and monolith surface wherein liquid and gas communicate before entering the monolith bed.2. The device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the diameter of the pipe distributor with the diameter of bed (d/d) is a variable within 0.04 to 0.4.3. The device as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the value of d/d≈0.17 offers an appropriate distribution without excessive pressure drop.4. A shower head distributor device for distribution of liquids comprising:a. an inner enclosed vessel comprising centered inlet port to feed liquid;b. perforated plate attached to said vessel at the bottom;c. an ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD TO MAKE HIGH LEVEL DISINFECTANT

Apparatuses, devices and methods for creating a high level disinfectant, comprising peracetic acid for disinfecting medical devices are disclosed. The peracetic acid solution is made from a reaction of tetraacetylethylenecUamine powder, sodium percarbonate, and citric acid moHohydrate in water. 1. An apparatus to make a peracetic acid high level disinfectant solution comprising:a) a solid dispensing system comprising a bulk dispenser for a solid mixture of TAED, a bulk dispenser for a solid mixture of sodium percarbonate, and a bulk dispenser for solid citric acid monohydrate,b) a heated water delivery system,c) a first reactor chamber to mix solid TAED and solid sodium percarbonate with heated water to provide a first peracetic acid solution,d) a first conduit to deliver heated water from the heated water system to the first reactor chamber,e) a second reactor chamber to mix the first peracetic acid solution with solid citric acid monohydrate to provide a pH controlled peracetic acid solution,f) a second conduit to deliver the peracetic acid solution from the first reactor chamber to the second reactor chamber,g) a storage reservoir to dilute the pH controlled peracetic acid solution with water to provide the peracetic acid high level disinfectant solution,h) a third conduit to deliver the pH controlled peracetic acid from the second reactor chamber to the reservoir, andi) a fourth conduit to deliver water to the storage reservoir.2. The apparatus of wherein the heated water delivery system comprises a pump to deliver heated water to the first reactor chamber.3. The apparatus of wherein the heated water delivery system delivers water to the first reactor chamber at a temperature of about 40° C.4. The apparatus of wherein the first reactor chamber comprises a rotary mixing blade.5. The apparatus of wherein the first reactor chamber mixes the water claim 1 , the solid TAED and the solid sodium percarbonate for about 1 minute.6. The apparatus of wherein the second ...

PROCESS FOR THE THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF AMMONIA AND REACTOR FOR CARRYING OUT SAID PROCESS

Disclosed is a process for the catalytic thermal decomposition of ammonia into hydrogen and nitrogen by contacting ammonia at a temperature of at least 500° C. with a porous ceramic layer which comprises nickel. Also disclosed is a reactor for carrying out the process. 119.-. (canceled)20. A process for the catalytic thermal decomposition of ammonia into hydrogen and nitrogen , wherein the process comprises contacting ammonia at a temperature of at least 500° C. with a porous ceramic layer which comprises nickel.21. The process of claim 20 , wherein the porous ceramic layer is present on a metal surface.22. The process of claim 21 , wherein the metal surface is a steel surface.23. The process of claim 21 , wherein the layer s present on a metal sheet claim 21 , a metal plate a d/or a metal mesh.24. The process of claim 21 , wherein the layer has a thickness of from 0.1 mm to 1 mm.25. The process of claim 20 , wherein the porous ceramic layer comprises one or more of alumina claim 20 , zirconia claim 20 , titanium dioxide claim 20 , magnesium oxide claim 20 , calcium oxide claim 20 , silica claim 20 , tungsten carbide claim 20 , silicon nitride.26. The process of claim 20 , wherein the porous ceramic layer comprises alumina and/or calcium aluminate.27. The process of claim 21 , wherein the porous ceramic layer has been formed by thermal spraying.28. The process of claim 27 , wherein the porous ceramic layer has been formed starting from a mixture comprising a ceramic material and a combustible pore forming substance.29. The process of claim 28 , wherein the combustible pore forming substance is selected from one or more of graphite claim 28 , vegetable materials claim 28 , organic polymers.30. The process of claim 20 , wherein the porous ceramic material is substantially free of Rh claim 20 , Ir claim 20 , Ru claim 20 , Pd claim 20 , Pt.31. The process of claim 20 , wherein the porous ceramic material comprises at least 10% by weight of nickel claim 20 , calculated ...

MULTIPHASE POROUS FLOW REACTORS AND METHODS OF USING SAME

PFRs for running multiphasic processes are disclosed. The PFRs are single or multi-chamber devices having at least three types of regions (a liquid-contacting region, a gas-contacting region and a liquid-collection region), and a porous substrate providing fluid communication at least between the liquid-contacting and gas-contacting regions. Removal of liquid from the porous substrate, such as by collecting the liquid as it flows off the bottom of the porous substrate in the liquid-collection region or such as by evaporation of the liquid from the porous substrate in the evaporation region supports a continuous flow process. Methods of using the PFRs are also disclosed, for example methods of using the PFRs as photobioreactors for cultivating photosynthetic microorganisms, for producing fermentable sugars, for producing ethanol, for fermenting synthesis gas and producing single cell protein from natural gas. 1. A method for performing a gas-liquid phase process , comprising:a. driving a continuous flow of liquid at least in party by gravity through a porous material for a desired time period by providing a first liquid at a first end of the porous material and removing the first liquid from a second end of the porous material, wherein the porous flow material is at least partially enclosed in a housing of a PFR; and,b. circulating a first gas containing a reactant into a first gas-contacting region of the PFR facilitating a reaction between the reactant and a reaction facilitator coated on at least a portion of the porous material, which produces a product.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the porous material is entirely enclosed within the housing of the PFR.3. A method according to claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , recovering the product.4. A method according to claim 3 , wherein the product is recovered in the first liquid as the first liquid flows out of the porous material at the second end of the porous material.5. A method according to claim 3 , ...

FLOW PROCESSING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORK (MOF) MEMBRANES IN HOLLOW FIBER AND TUBULAR MODULES

A reactor cell for measuring gas and liquid permeation is disclosed. The reactor cell comprises a reactor module having a reactor chamber and a cover. A first hole extends into the reactor chamber from a first surface, a second hole opposing the first hole extends into the reactor chamber from a second surface, a third hole extends into the reactor chamber from a third surface and a fourth hole opposing the third hole extends into the reactor chamber from a fourth surface. A hollow fiber is supported by and sealed into the first and second holes of the reactor module. The first and second ends of the hollow fiber are sealed with a sealing solution. Methods for making and using the reactor cell are also disclosed. As made and used, the reactor cell further comprises a molecular sieving membrane grown on an inner bore surface of the hollow fiber. 1) A reactor cell for flow processing molecular sieving membranes , comprising:a) A reactor module having a base shape and a first height, wherein the base shape is selected from the group consisting of square, rectangular, circular and ellipse; wherein a reactor chamber extends into the reactor module from an upper surface; wherein a first hole extends into the reactor chamber from a first surface, a second hole opposing the first hole extends into the reactor chamber from a second surface, a third hole extends into the reactor chamber from a third surface and a fourth hole opposing the third hole extends into the reactor chamber from a fourth surface; wherein the first hole is fluidically connected to a first inlet, the second hole is fluidically connected to a first outlet, the third hole is fluidically connected to a second inlet and the fourth hole is fluidically connected to a second outlet;b) a reactor module cover having the same base shape as the reactor module and a second height, wherein the reactor module cover is fastened to the reactor module to seal the reactor chamber; andc) a hollow fiber having a first end ...

PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOUND STABILIZING FILTER COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING SAME

In one aspect, the invention relates to filter apparatuses useful as sampling media and stabilizing pharmaceutical compounds, methods of making same, compositions useful for stabilizing pharmaceutical compounds, and methods of isolating pharmaceutical compounds from an air stream using the apparatuses and compositions. This abstract is intended to be used as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention. 1. A filtration apparatus comprising:(a) a composition of an ionic liquid iodide and an antioxidant selected from ascorbic acid (Vitamin C), adipic acid, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), citric acid, fumaric acid, glutamic acid, malic acid, propyl gallate, sulfurous acid, tartaric acid, tocopherol (Vitamin E), thiols, and derivatives and salts thereof; and(b) a hydrophilic filter membrane.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the ionic liquid iodine comprises at least one dialkylimidazolium iodide compound.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the ionic liquid iodine comprises methyl propylimidazolium iodide (MPII).4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the antioxidant is ascorbic acid claim 1 , or a derivative or salt thereof.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the ascorbic acid claim 1 , derivative claim 1 , or salt thereof claim 1 , is selected from ascorbyl palmitate claim 1 , Mg ascorbyl phosphate claim 1 , ascorbyl acetate claim 1 , sodium ascorbate claim 1 , ascorbic acid palmitate and erythorbic acid.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the thiol claim 1 , derivative claim 1 , or salt thereof claim 1 , is select from thioglycerol claim 1 , cysteine claim 1 , acetylcysteine claim 1 , cystine claim 1 , dithioerythreitol claim 1 , dithiothreitol claim 1 , and gluthathione.7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the sulfurous acid claim 1 , derivative claim 1 , or salt thereof claim 1 , is selected from sodium sulfate claim 1 , sodium bisulfite claim 1 , ...

HEATED ENTRAINED SULFUR REMOVAL ELEMENT

Aspects of this disclosure enhance elimination problems that freezing sulfur creates with gas-liquid parallel plate separators by integrally heating the parallel plate gas-liquid separator assembly. Through integral heating the duration of time that the separator apparatus remains above the freezing temperature of elemental sulfur is prolonged, thereby, allowing the opportunity for residual liquid sulfur to drain from the parallel plate assembly during upsets in unit operations and after a sulfur recovery unit shutdown event, thereby reducing or eliminating the operation and maintenance problems that may occur with existing separator designs. 1. A heated entrained sulfur removal element , comprising:a support frame, comprising opposing end plates;a thermally conductive plate located between said opposing end plates and coupled to said support frame; andat least one heating element that extends through said thermally conductive plate and said opposing end plates, said heating element having connectors located on ends thereof configured to couple said ends of said heating element to a heating source.2. The heated entrained sulfur removal element of claim 1 , wherein said heating element traverses from one side of said heated entrained sulfur removal element to an opposing side of said heated entrained sulfur removal element.3. The heated entrained sulfur removal element of claim 1 , further comprising at least one tie rod that extends through said opposing end plates and said thermally conductive plate and binds said thermally conductive plate to said support frame.4. The heated entrained sulfur removal element of claim 3 , wherein said at least one tie rod extends from one side of said heated entrained sulfur removal element to an opposing side of said heated entrained sulfur removal element.5. The heated entrained sulfur removal element of claim 3 , wherein said heating element is a conductive heating element and is said at least one tie rod.6. The heated entrained ...

METHOD FOR CHEMICAL DESTROYING OF MAGNETIC DATA CARRIERS

A method for chemical destroying of magnetic data carriers, in particular hard disk platters, during which the recorded data are irretrievably eliminated and rendered impossible to be re-read. In the method according to the invention the magnetic data carriers include aluminium or its alloys and ferromagnetic materials are subjected to a digestion reaction in a reactor with an aqueous solution of a digesting mixture that includes: a) hydrochloric acid and (V)nitrate of one or more alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earth metals and ammonium; or b) nitric(V) acid and chloride of one or more alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earth metals and ammonium; the product of the digestion reaction is an aqueous solution having aluminium hydroxide and chlorides and (V)nitrates of metals contained in the ferromagnetic metals as well as gaseous products of the reaction. Acidic salt solutions are utilized in a sewage treatment plant. Gaseous products of the reaction including hydrogen and nitrogen oxides, after diluting with nitrogen, are directed to the atmosphere through an absorption system. The method provides a complete destroying of the data carrier together with the data recorded thereon, and thus eliminates any possibility of re-reading the data at a later time. 1. A method for chemical destroying of magnetic data carriers , the magnetic data carriers comprising aluminium or its alloys and ferromagnetic materials are subjected to a digestion reaction in a reactor with an aqueous solution of a digesting mixture that comprises:a) hydrochloric acid and (V)nitrate of one or more alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earth metals and ammonium; orb) nitric(V) acid and chloride of one or more alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earth metals and ammonium;the product of the digestion reaction is an aqueous solution comprising aluminium hydroxide and chlorides and (V)nitrates of metals contained in the ferromagnetic materials as well as gaseous products ...

DEVICE FOR GENERATION OF A GAS

Device including a catalytic system and an electromagnetic system, the catalytic system defining a catalysis chamber and including a catalyst of a reaction to generate a gas from a liquid, the catalyst being housed in the catalysis chamber, the electromagnetic system including a coil and a rod mobile relative to the coil, the rod being fixed to the catalytic system and including a magnet and a core, the electromagnetic system being configured to move the rod relative to the coil when an electrical current is passed through the coil, so as to dispose the catalytic system in an open position in which the catalysis chamber is in fluidic communication with the outside, 1. Device including a catalytic system and an electromagnetic system ,the catalytic system defining a catalysis chamber and including a catalyst of a reaction to generate a gas from a liquid, the catalyst being housed in the catalysis chamber,the electromagnetic system including a coil and a rod mobile relative to the coil, the rod being fixed to the catalytic system and including a magnet and a core,the electromagnetic system being configured to move the rod relative to the coil when an electrical current is passed through the coil, so as to dispose the catalytic system in an open position in which the catalysis chamber is in fluidic communication with the outside,the catalytic system being disposed in a closed position in which the catalysis chamber is hermetically closed in the absence of electrical current through the coil.2. Device according to claim 1 , at least a part of the catalytic system being subjected to an electromagnetic closing force induced by the magnet that holds the catalytic system in the closed position in the absence of electrical current through the coil.3. Device according to claim 1 , the catalytic system including a first part and a second part fixed rigidly to the rod claim 1 , the first and second parts together defining the catalysis chamber and being mobile relative to one ...

Preparation of 18F-FLUCICLOVINE

The present invention provides a method for the production of [F]-FACBC which has advantages over know such methods. Also provided by the present invention is a system to carry out the method of the invention and a cassette suitable for carrying out the method of the invention on an automated radiosynthesis apparatus. 3) system as defined in wherein PGis ethyl.4) system as defined in wherein PGis t-butoxycarbonyl.5) system as defined in wherein said solid phase is a tC18 solid phase extraction (SPE) column.6) system as defined in wherein said PGdeprotecting agent is NaOH.7) system as defined in wherein said PGdeprotecting agent is HCl.8) system as defined in wherein said elution solution is water.11) The system as defined in wherein LG is trifluoromethanesulfonate.12) The system as defined in further comprising a hydrophilic lipophilic balanced (HLB) solid phase to purify said 1-amino-3-[18F]-fluorocyclobutanecarboxylic acid.13) The system as defined in further comprising a second purification means comprising an alumina solid phase.14) A cassette comprising the system as defined in for use on an automated synthesis apparatus.15) A cassette comprising the system as defined in for use on an automated synthesis apparatus.16) A cassette comprising the system as defined in for use on an automated synthesis apparatus.17) The system as defined in wherein said system is suitable for use with an automated radiosynthesis apparatus. This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/420,493, filed Feb. 9, 2015, which is a filing under 35 U.S.C. §371 of international application number PCT/EP2013/066570, filed Aug. 7, 2013, which claims priority to application number 1214220.4 file Aug. 9, 2012 in Great Britain, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference.The invention relates to a method for the preparation of a radiopharmaceutical compound, in particular an amino acid derivative useful as a positron emission tomography (PET) ...

AIR PREHEATING AND NOX REDUCTION INTEGRATED REACTOR AND REACTION METHOD

An air preheating and denitration integrated reactor and reaction method. The reactor includes a rotary catalyst body, housing arranged outside the rotary catalyst body, and gas inlet and outlet channels on upper and lower surfaces of the housing; the gas inlet and outlet channel is in divided three, namely flue gas, reductant, and air inlet and outlet channels, the rotary catalyst body is cylindrical and includes a central shaft rotor and multiple circular catalyst layers rotate around the central shaft rotor, each circular catalyst layer is divided into air, flue gas and reductant zones by a radial sealing plate and axial sealing plate. In each circular catalyst layer, a catalyst in the reactor alternately circulates in flue gas, reductant and air zones. The catalyst performs heating-reheating-cooling process on catalyst layers along with the reactor rotation, different temperatures and reaction atmospheres in zones conductive of air preheating and denitration. 1. An air preheating and denitration integrated reactor , comprising a rotary catalyst body structure and a housing arranged outside the rotary catalyst body structure , as well as a gas inlet and outlet channel on the upper surface and the lower surface of the housing , wherein the gas inlet and outlet channel is divided into three parts , namely a flue gas inlet and outlet channel , a reductant inlet and outlet channel and an air inlet and outlet channel , the rotary catalyst body structure is cylindrical and comprises a central shaft rotor and multiple circular catalyst layers which can rotate around the central shaft rotor , each circular catalyst layer is divided into an air zone , a flue gas zone and a reductant zone by a radial sealing plate and an axial sealing plate , the air zone of each circular catalyst layer is longitudinally through and has the size corresponding to the air inlet and outlet channel , the flue gas zone of each circular catalyst layer is longitudinally through and has the size ...

CATALYST STRUCTURE

A catalyst structure, which makes it possible to reduce the flow passage resistance and raise the purification rate, is provided. A catalyst structure provided in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine comprises a base member which is formed by combining wire-shaped members, wherein the wire-shaped members do not include any wire-shaped member which is arranged to be orthogonal to a flow direction of an exhaust gas, and the wire-shaped members include wire-shaped members which are arranged obliquely with respect to the flow direction of the exhaust gas. The change in the cross-sectional area of the base member is suppressed by arranging the wire-shaped members obliquely with respect to the flow direction of the exhaust gas. 1. A catalyst structure provided in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine , the catalyst structure comprising: a plurality of inclined portions at which the wire-shaped members are arranged obliquely with respect to a flow direction of an exhaust gas; and', 'intersecting portions at each of which the plurality of inclined portions intersect at both ends of each of the inclined portions, and from each of which the plurality of inclined portions extend radially at equal angles when the catalyst structure is viewed from an upstream side in the flow direction of the exhaust gas,, 'a base member which is formed by combining wire-shaped members, the base member being provided withwherein the wire-shaped members do not include any wire-shaped member which is arranged to be orthogonal to the flow direction of the exhaust gas.2. (canceled)3. The catalyst structure according to claim 1 , wherein the base member is densified on a downstream side as compared with the upstream side in the flow direction of the exhaust gas.4. The catalyst structure according to claim 1 , wherein an angle of the inclined portion with respect to the flow direction of the exhaust gas is more increased on a downstream side in the flow direction of the ...

SUSTAINABLE SILICATES AND METHODS FOR THEIR EXTRACTION

Liquid silicate products derived from processed organic plant matter (), such as rice hulls, have improved purity and properties for use in the production of higher purity amorphous silica compositions (). The liquid silicate can be optically clear, can have a controlled ratio of silica to metal earth oxide components, and can have lower concentrations of undesirable contaminants such as aluminum, chloride, iron, sulfate, and titanium. 153-. (canceled)54. A method of producing a target sodium silicate solution from burned organic matter , comprising:contacting ash from burned organic matter with clean water, wherein the ash contains amorphous silica, and wherein the clean water has a rinse temperature that is greater than 15° C.;separating rinsed ash from contaminated rinse water, wherein the rinsed ash contains amorphous silica and water, and wherein the contaminated rinse water contains chlorides, sulfates, and other water soluble contaminants;heating a reaction mixture, including the rinsed ash in the presence of sodium hydroxide, in a first reaction chamber to a reaction temperature greater than 90° C. and to a reaction pressure greater than or equal to 100,000 pascals (1 bar) to provide a pressure-cooked reaction mixture containing liquid sodium silicate with water soluble contaminants and undissolved solids;separating the pressure-cooked reaction mixture to separate a preliminary sodium silicate solution from at least some of the undissolved solids, wherein the preliminary sodium silicate solution contains amorphous silica; andseparating the preliminary sodium silicate solution to remove at least some soluble organic molecules from the preliminary sodium silicate solution to provide the target sodium silicate solution containing amorphous silica.5558-. (canceled)59. The method of claim 54 , wherein the rinse temperature is greater than or equal to 50° C.6061-. (canceled)62. The method of claim 54 , wherein the rinse temperature is less than or equal to 200° C. ...

Katalysatorbærer og fremgangsmåte for fremstilling derav.

Mixing apparatus and method

An apparatus and method for effecting mass or heat transfer between the bulk of a fluid and a transfer surface boundary layer comprises a conduit having transverse baffles spaced apart from the transfer surface such that vortex mixing is induced in fluid passed along the conduit in pulsed flow. The transfer surface may be a membrane suitable for microfiltration, ultrafiltration or pervaporation.

Patent JPS6161857B2

Flow module

Device with a jacket tube, in which one or more built-in elements, which consist of several parallel to the axis of the jacket tube, touching flat layers

Rigid membrane fluid treatment module

A fluid treatment module, particularly for treating ultra-pure fluids by separation or catalytic treatment having at least one treatment membrane in a porous sintered material comprises a rigid tube casing, a rigid compression plate at one or each end thereof having a coating compatible with the fluid(s) to be treated and at least one compensating plate able to slide on the coating, the dimensions and thickness of the compensating plate being set to ensure the module remains sealed over a complete temperature range at which the module is designed to operate.

Apparatus for rotating reaction vessels in inclined posture

An apparatus for rotating reaction vessels in an inclined posture, comprising a plate, means for rotatably supporting the plate, means for rotating the plate at a predetermined speed, a plurality of reaction vessel holders mounted on the edge portion of the plate and adapted for mounting reaction vessels, means for rotating the reaction vessel holders around their axes at a predetermined speed, and means for fixing the plate supporting means in such a manner that the reaction vessel holders may be inclined at a predetermined angle to the horizon.

Reactor system for producing hydrocarbons from synthetic gas

本发明涉及一种反应器系统,包括装配在一起并在一个结构内的热交换单元和反应单元。所述热交换单元具有多个平板或波形板热交换器，并且设置为可附着于所述反应单元/可从所述反应单元上拆卸，以及可插入到所述反应单元中。相应地，催化剂可通过洗涂法等附着在所述热交换器的热传递表面，从而最大化热传递效率并且使得在催化剂使用寿命终结时能容易地去除或重新附着该催化剂。

Heat transfer pipe covered with catalyst layer

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Fischer-tropsch reactor

本文描述了一种费-托反应器。更特别地，本文描述了这样的费-托反应器，其将通过小孔厚层的整体载体催化剂的强制流与高水平的传热结合起来，能够以高水平的催化剂有效性运行。催化剂床(103)负载在特殊的多孔结构(101)上，合成气流被强制通过所述多孔结构(101)并且催化剂层的厚度大于200微米。

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REACTING SOLID PHASES AND LIQUIDS, ESPECIALLY FOR IMMUNOLOGICAL ASSAYS

L'INVENTION A POUR OBJET UN PROCEDE POUR FAIRE REAGIR UNE PREMIERE SUBSTANCE REACTIVE LIEE A LA PAROI INTERNE D'UN RECIPIENT DE REACTION A AVEC UNE DEUXIEME SUBSTANCE REACTIVE CONTENUE DANS UNE PHASE LIQUIDE DANS LE RECIPIENT, EN FAISANT TOURNER LE RECIPIENT DE REACTION AUTOUR DE SON AXE A UNE VITESSE DE 10 A 100TRMIN PENDANT QUE LE RECIPIENT DE REACTION EST MAINTENU INCLINE A UN ANGLE COMPRIS ENTRE5 ET 45 SUR L'HORIZONTALE AVEC SON EMBOUCHURE RELEVEE. L'INVENTION A EGALEMENT POUR OBJET UN APPAREIL POUVANT ETRE UTILISE POUR LA MISE EN OEUVRE DE CE PROCEDE. The subject matter of the invention is a method for causing a first reactive substance linked to the internal wall of a reaction vessel to react with a second reactive substance contained in a liquid phase in the vessel, by rotating the reaction vessel around ITS AXIS AT A SPEED OF 10 TO 100TRMIN WHILE THE REACTION CONTAINER IS MAINTAINED INCLINED AT AN ANGLE BETWEEN 5 AND 45 ON THE HORIZONTAL WITH ITS MOUTH RAISED. THE SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION ALSO IS AN APPARATUS THAT CAN BE USED FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THIS PROCESS.

Patent FR2134377B1

Manufacturing process for dimerized products

RIGID MEMBRANE (S) FLUID (S) TREATMENT MODULE AND METHODS USING IT

DEVICE FOR GENERATING GAS

Dispositif catalytique comprenant un corps creux, un piston logé dans le corps creux, un catalyseur d'une réaction de génération d'un gaz par mise en contact d'un liquide réactif avec le catalyseur, le catalyseur étant logé dans une chambre de catalyse, le piston et le corps creux définissant une chambre de compression hermétique pour contenir un fluide compressible, et étant mobiles l'un par rapport à l'autre entre une position de fermeture dans laquelle la chambre de catalyse est étanche au liquide réactif, et une position d'ouverture pour l'entrée du liquide réactif dans la chambre de catalyse, le dispositif catalytique étant conformé pour passer de la position d'ouverture à la position de fermeture, respectivement de la position de fermeture à la position d'ouverture, lorsque le fluide compressible est contenu dans la chambre de compression et qu'une force appliquée sur le piston est supérieure ou égale, respectivement inférieure, à une force de fermeture.

Process for carrying out reactions in liquefied ammonia

Patent FR2134377A1

Spiral designed reactor

ABSTRACT OF THE INVENTION A flow reactor for reacting a feed stock with a pretenses preparation immobilized on and within the pores of a support medium while traversing a spiral path between adjacent turns of said spiral. A support medium has a spacing means placed on one surface thereof. The support medium and spacing means are then wound upon a porous core to form a jelly-roll like spiral configuration. The marginal edges of the reactor are sealed but provision is made to introduce or remove materials from said core and the free end of the spiral is left open to also introduce or remove materials. In a first form the feed stock is introduced into the core and the reacted feed stock is removed from the spiral free end. In a second form the introduction and removal of the feed-stock and reacted feed stock is reversed. The spacing means may be a series of ribs on the support medium or may be a net-like sheet.

CHEMICAL HEAT PUMP REACTOR WITH IMPROVED POWER

Réacteur de pompe à chaleur chimique comprenant une enceinte étanche (21) munie d'un système de chauffage et de refroidissement et un réactif solide (23), lequel réactif solide réagit de façon renversable avec un gaz réactif à l'intérieur de ladite enceinte. L'espace entre ledit solide réactif (23) et la paroi intérieure (29) de ladite enceinte (21) est rempli en tout ou partie d'un matériau de contact fluide (24) bon conducteur thermique et chimiquement inerte vis-à-vis dudit réactif solide (23). Un dispositif de confinement (25) empêche ledit matériau de contact fluide (24) de s'accumuler sur le dessus dudit réactif solide (23).

Catalytic isobutane alkylation

A novel catalytic reactor is provided for controlling the contact of a limiting reactant with a catalyst surface. A first flow vessel defines an interior surface and an exterior surface, and the interior surface has a catalyst deposited on at least a portion thereof. A second flow vessel is positioned within the first flow vessel and the second flow vessel defines a porous surface designed to deliver a fluid uniformly to at least a portion of the interior surface of the first flow vessel.

Method and apparatus for reacting solid and liquid phases

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Process for the treatment of powdery substances with liquids

Process and structure for effecting catalytic reactions in distillation structure

A concurrent catalytic reaction with distillation struc­ture comprises a plurality of vapor permeable plates (14, 16) which are arranged in spaced apart relationship with a catalyst (24) placed in the open space between two adjacent plates. The catalyst filled area (22) presents a reaction zone where catalytic reaction can take place and the vapor permeable plates present a large surface area for vapor and liquid phase exchange. The invention also encompasses a process for concurrent catalytic reaction with distillation employing structure as afo­redescribed and including the steps of feeding a liquid stream to a column employing such structure and directing the stream through the catalytic reaction zone while concurrently distilling a portion of the liquid to present a vapor stream which is directed in countercur­rent relationship to the liquid stream flow.

Mixing apparatus and method

Apparatus and method for effecting mass or heat transfer between the bulk of a fluid and a surface boundary layer of the fluid at a transfer surface in which the fluid is passed in pulsatile flow through a conduit (30) having a transfer surface comprising at least a part of the surface of an array of cylinders (31) positioned transverse to the direction of fluid flow. The transfer surface may comprise a membrane for example a hollow fibre membrane.

Liquid treatment process and apparatus

Apparatus and process for treating a liquid material by charging the liquid material to a permeable element (9), rotating the permeable element about an axis (4) such that the liquid material flows radially outwards and collecting at least a portion of the liquid material or a derivative thereof characterised in that the permeable element (a) interacts with the liquid material or a portion thereof, and/or (b) allows a suspension, dispersion or slurry to flow therethrough.

Device with a jacket tube, in which one or more built-in elements, which consist of several parallel to the axis of the jacket tube, touching flat layers

Method and apparatus for reacting solid and liquid phases

ABSTRACT A method of reacting a first reactive substance bonded to the inner wall surface of a reaction vessel and a second reac-tive substance in a liquid phase in the vessel by rotating the reaction vessel about its axis at a speed of 10 to 100 rpm, while said reaction vessel is kept inclined at an angle between 5° and 45° to the horizon with its mouth being raised; and an apparatus usable for practicing this method.

Reactor

　リアクタ（１００）は、反応流体が流通する複数の反応側流路（２１０）と、反応側流路（２１０）内に配され、反応流体の反応を促進させる触媒（触媒構造体）と、反応側流路（２１０）と交互に積層されるとともに、熱媒体が流通する複数の熱媒体側流路（２２０）と、反応側流路（２１０）における熱媒体側流路（２２０）が積層されない面に隣接して設けられ、反応側流路（２１０）を流通する反応流体から外部への放熱、または、外部から反応流体への伝熱を抑制する抑制流体が流通する抑制流路（２５０）とを備える。

IMPROVED CHEMICAL HEAT PUMP REACTOR.

REACTROR DE BOMBA DE CALOR QUIMICA QUE COMPRENDE UN RECINTO ESTANCO (21) DOTADO CON UN SISTEMA DE CALENTAMIENTO Y DE ENFRIAMIENTO Y UN REACTIVO SOLIDO (23), DICHO REACTIVO REACCIONA DE MANERA INVERTIBLE CON UN GAS REACTIVO EN EL INTERIOR DE DICHO RECINTO. EL ESPACIO ENTRE DICHO SOLIDO REACTIVO (23) Y LA PARED INTERIOR (29) DE DICHO RECINTO (21) ESTA LLENO TOTAL O PARCIALMENTE DE UN MATERIAL DE CONTACTO FLUIDO (24) BUEN CONDUCTOR TERMICO Y QUIMICAMENTE INERTE RESPECTO DE DICHO REACTIVO SOLIDO (23). UN DISPOSITIVO DE CONFINAMIENTO (25) IMPIDE QUE DICHO MATERIAL DE CONTACTO FLUIDO (24) SE ACUMULE SOBRE LA PARTE SUPERIOR DE DICHO REACTIVO. CHEMICAL HEAT PUMP REACTROR COMPRISING A WATERTIGHT ENCLOSURE (21) EQUIPPED WITH A HEATING AND COOLING SYSTEM AND A SOLID REAGENT (23), SUCH A REAGENT REACTS INVERTIALLY WITH A REACTIVE GAS INSIDE SUCH ENCLOSURE. THE SPACE BETWEEN SUCH REACTIVE SOLID (23) AND THE INNER WALL (29) OF SUCH ENCLOSURE (21) IS FULL OR PARTIALLY FULL OF A FLUID CONTACT MATERIAL (24) GOOD THERMAL CONDUCTOR AND CHEMICALLY INERT WITH RESPECT TO SUCH SOLID REAGENT (23) . A CONFINING DEVICE (25) PREVENTS SUCH FLUID CONTACT MATERIAL (24) FROM ACCUMULATING ON THE UPPER PART OF SUCH REAGENT.

Apparatus and method for the photopromoted catalyzed degradation of compounds in a fluid stream

In a reactor and process for the photopromoted catalytic decomposition of compounds in a fluid stream, the area of a catalyst support structure and/or the amount of catalyst on the support structure is varied as a function of distance from a light source to enhance quantum efficiency. In a preferred embodiment, the support structure has a surface area per unit of reaction chamber volume which increases with distance from the light source, or the amount of catalyst on the support structure per unit area increases with distance from the light source to maintain the light intensity on the catalyst within a desired range regardless of dispersion and/or absorption effects. In another embodiment, the support structure includes a plurality of curved plates which may, for example, be spherical, cylindrical or helical.

Chemical process and product

Structure and method for simultaneous catalytic reaction and distillation

Interfacial polymerization in a porous substrate and substrates functionalized with photochemical groups

A method of preparing a porous article is provided, the method includes contacting a porous substrate with a first reactant that enters pores of the substrate; and contacting the porous substrate bearing the first reactant with a second reactant that is capable of reacting with the first reactant in an interfacial polymerization reaction; the amounts of first and second reactant being selected such that there occurs no, or substantially no, closing of pores of the substrate by the formed polymer. The invention also provides a porous article bearing a compound which is photochemically reactive and capable of undergoing a substantially non-reversible chemical transformation upon exposure to ultra-violet, visible or near infra-red irradiation. The photochemically reactive compound can be derivatized by irradiation and further reaction to provide a wide variety of useful membranes, for example, for microfiltration or for biochemical reactions and separations.

Phase contacting apparatus and packings for use therein

Preparing Formulations for Treating Agricultural Products

The invention provides an improved method for creating a formulation using a solid chemical agent in solution within a reservoir, and treating crops within a storage facility with an aerosol of the solution substantially at the time of use. The method includes having a premixing section for formulating the solution and mixing solid with a solvent in a premixing section. Further the solution may be heated by circulating it through a substantially instantaneous heater then channeling the solution into a commercial fogger, generating an aerosol of the CIPC solution, and providing said storage facility with said aerosol.

CIRCULATION REACTOR TO REACT A LOAD WITH PROTEIN PREPARATION IMMOBILIZED ON AND INSIDE THE PORES OF A SUPPORT MEDIUM AND PROCESS OF FORMING THE SAME

Ceramic packing with channels for heat and catalyst beds

세라믹 패킹 요소(500)는 평행 리브들을 그들 사이에 형성하는 평행 리브(504)들을 갖는 세라믹 판(502)들의 적층체로부터 형성된다. 홈들은 대향판의 표면과 접촉됨으로써 채널을 형성한다. 리브(504)들은 인접한 판 상의 리브들의 단부면과 결합할 수 있거나 또는 대향판의 리브(504)들의 중간에 끼워질 수 있어 더 작은 채널을 형성한다. 판(502)들은 미가공 상태인 판(502)들의 적층체를 소성시키거나 또는 나트륨 실리케이트와 같은 무기성 접착제에 의해 경화된 판(502)들을 부착시킴으로써 서로 부착된다. 채널쪽 유입구(542)를 확대시키고 리브(504)들 사이에 판들을 관통하는 구멍를 제공하면 압력 강하 및 크랙킹이 감소될 수 있고, 질량 전달 및 열효율이 증가될 수 있다. 요소들은 금속 밴드를 요소의 조립체 주위에 랩핑시킴으로써 칼럼 내에 배치되기 전에 더 큰 유닛으로 예비 조립될 수 있다.

Fluid disinfection apparatus and system

Fluid disinfection apparatus (10) comprising a reservoir (12) for holding fluid (20) to be disinfected, a cylindrical roller member (14) and an array of (12) ultra violet lamps (16). The roller member (14) is partly received within the reservoir (12) and is thus partly submerged in the fluid (20). As the roller member (14) rotates (as indicated by the arrows), fluid (20) is picked up by the surface of the roller member (14) from the reservoir (12). The fluid (20) is dispersed into a film of fluid (20) across the surface (34a). The ultra violet (UV) lamps (16) are mercury arc discharge lamps which output UV light (10) including germicidal wavelengths: 220nm to 280nm. Exposure of the fluid film to the UV light kills or inactivates any micro-organisms within the fluid (20).

Apparatus for treatment of liquids

An apparatus for treating a liquid is disclosed herein. The apparatus comprises a chamber defining an inlet and an outlet, a rotor located in the chamber; and at least one surface located in the chamber. The at least one surface is spaced apart and substantially parallel to the rotor. The rotor and the at least one surface define a reaction zone therebetween. The reaction zone is in fluid communication with the inlet and the outlet. The rotation of the rotor relative to the at least one surface is adapted to cause turbulence in the liquid passing through the reaction zone. At least one of the rotor and the at least one surface define a plurality of dimples thereon.

Gold secondary mercaptides

Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of metal nitrates

<PICT:0634579/III/1> For the production of metal nitrates by reacting nitric acid with a metal giving rise to the evolution of higher oxides of nitrogen, the acid is brought into contact with that portion of a column of the metal, partly immersed in a heated solution of the nitrate in an atmosphere of oxygen gas, which lies adjacent the surface of the liquid, the nitrate solution formed thereat, together with any unutilized acid being displaced downwardly over the surface of the column by the later entering acid whereby the unutilized acid forms additional nitrate. As shown, nitric acid and oxygen are supplied through pipes 10, 11 to the interior of a stainless steel reaction vessel 2 containing bars 4 of, say, silver supported on a meshed disc 3 and partially immersed in silver nitrate solution 4a. The tower is formed with a charging opening 8a and is adapted to be heated to 80 DEG C. at the beginning of an operation by a jacket 7. The silver nitrate formed escapes through pipe 12a, and traces of unreacted nitric acid present are removed by passing the solution through granulated silver 15 on a bed of inert material 14 in tower 13. Oxygen is supplied through pipe 20, escaping into the main reaction vessel 2 via pipe 22. A heating jacket 21 for tower 13 is provided. Silver nitrate solution is withdrawn through outlet 34. Nitrogen oxide fumes from vessel 2 pass to an absorption tower 23 partly filled with quartz &c. 28 and to which water is admitted from pipe 29. A cooling jacket 39 is provided. Nitric acid solution, withdrawn at 34, may be mixed with concentrated acid for use in vessel 2. The supply of oxygen to reaction vessel 2 is regulated so that only an occasional bubble escapes through manometer 37. Specification 634,578 is referred to in connection with the recovery of the nitrogen oxide fumes.

Flow module

The invention provides a flow module comprising sandwiched plate elements, with at least one of each pair of adjacent plate element surfaces having a profiling which has a linear parallel construction so that a plurality of linear parallel flow ducts is formed between adjacent plate elements. These flow ducts can be charged with a first and a second fluid in an alternating manner by way of feeding and removal ducts formed by mutually aligned openings in the plate elements. To seal off the flow spaces and the feeding and removal ducts, seals are provided, and the openings for the feeding and removal ducts extend essentially across the whole end area of the profiling so that a distinct feeding and removal space is formed. According to the invention, for a mechanical stabilization several webs are arranged in the openings for the feeding and removal ducts in the profiled plate elements. These webs which are arranged in the inlet area or outlet area of the profiling end below the plate element surface.

EXCHANGE COLUMN FOR TWO FLOWS.

Hydrogen-producing machine

本发明涉及了一种自调节产氢器，所述产氢器包括用于盛放可溶性化学燃料的溶液例如经碱稳定的硼氢化钠溶液(NaBH 4 )的容器，所述溶液与所述容器内的一片固体催化剂反应产氢。所述催化剂固定在与活塞杆相连的支架上，所述活塞杆附接于活塞上，所述活塞用于在控制气缸内轴向移动。所述活塞将所述控制气缸分为两个气室，其中，弹性构件例如弹簧设于其中一个气室，另一个气室经设有双向阀的气流管线与所述容器的气体出口和耗氢设备流体连通。在使用时，所述一片固体催化剂的自由端浸入所述溶液中，产氢速度取决于催化剂在所述溶液中的浸没深度，所述浸没深度取决于耗氢设备的氢气需求量。

APPARATUS FOR ROTATING REACTION CONTAINERS IN AN INCLINED ATTITUDE

CET APPAREIL DESTINE A FAIRE TOURNER DES RECIPIENTS DE REACTION DANS UNE POSITION INCLINEE COMPREND UN PLATEAU 2 DONT LA PARTIE MARGINALE EST PERCEE DE TROUS QUI RECOIVENT DES PORTE-RECIPIENTS DE REACTION 1, DES MOYENS 8, 15 QUI SUPPORTENT LE PLATEAU EN ROTATION; DES MOYENS 9 A 12 QUI FONT TOURNER LE PLATEAU A UNE VITESSE PREDETERMINEE ET DES MOYENS 3, 4, 4, 5, 6 QUI FONT TOURNER LES PORTE-RECIPIENTS DE REACTION AUTOUR DE LEURS AXES A UNE VITESSE PREDETERMINEE ET DES MOYENS 14 QUI SUPPORTENT LES MOYENS 8, 15 DE MANIERE QUE LES PORTE-RECIPIENTS DE REACTION SOIENT INCLINES D'UN ANGLE PREDETERMINE SUR L'HORIZONTALE. THIS APPARATUS INTENDED TO ROTATE REACTION CONTAINERS IN AN INCLINED POSITION CONSISTS OF A PLATE 2 WHOSE MARGINAL PART IS BORED WITH HOLES WHICH RECEIVE REACTION CONTAINER HOLDERS 1, MEANS 8, 15 WHICH SUPPORT THE ROTATING PLATE; MEANS 9 TO 12 WHICH ROTATE THE PLATE AT A PREDETERMINED SPEED AND MEANS 3, 4, 4, 5, 6 WHICH ROTATE THE REACTION CONTAINER-HOLDERS AROUND THEIR AXES AT A PREDETERMINED SPEED AND 14 MEANS SUPPORTING THEM MEANS 8, 15 SO THAT THE REACTION CONTAINER-HOLDERS ARE INCLINED AT A PREDETERMINED ANGLE ON THE HORIZONTAL.

Process for preparing compound

Disclosed is a novel process for preparing a compound, in which materials difficult to prepare at low temperature can be prepared even if the temperature is such a low temperature as room temperature. In this process, a solid catalyst is disposed in a vessel, a sub-reaction field f is formed on the surface of the solid catalyst, and materials for reaction are supplied to the sub-reaction field f whereby the reaction is progressed to synthesize an objective compound.

Flow module

FLOW REACTOR FOR ENZYMATIC REACTIONS IN WHICH THE ENZYME IS IMMOBILIZED ON A FIXED MATRIX WITH A LEVEL SURFACE

Method and apparatus for continuous sulfonization of discrete article

An apparatus for continuous sulfonization of discrete articles comprising a feeder box for drying the discrete articles with ultra-dry air, a sulfonization chamber for treating the discrete articles with sulfur trioxide gas, a conveyor assembly for transporting the discrete articles from the feeder box to the sulfonization chamber, and a neutralizing tank for treating the discrete articles with neutralizing fluid. The sulfonization chamber includes a rotating dial plate with a circular periphery and an upper surface extending radially from and rotatable about a center axis (A) for receiving the discrete articles at the circular periphery. A plurality of arcuate guides extend perpendicularly from a guide arm toward the rotating dial plate and are spaced radially outward from one another along a radial (R) extending radially from the center axis (A) for moving the discrete articles radially inward in a spiral path during rotation of the rotating dial plate.

Apparatus for the continuous treatment of divided materials

Reactor

【課題】反応側流路から外部への放熱、または、外部から反応側流路への熱の流入を抑制し、反応効率を向上させる。【解決手段】リアクタ１００は、反応対象となる流体である反応流体が流通する複数の反応側流路２１０と、反応側流路２１０内に配され、反応流体の反応を促進させる触媒（触媒構造体）と、反応側流路２１０と交互に積層されるとともに、反応側流路２１０を流通する反応流体と熱交換を行う流体である熱媒体が流通する複数の熱媒体側流路２２０と、反応側流路２１０における熱媒体側流路２２０が積層されない面に隣接して設けられ、反応側流路２１０を流通する反応流体から外部への放熱、または、外部から反応流体への伝熱を抑制する流体である抑制流体が流通する抑制流路２５０とを備える。【選択図】図１

PROCEDURE AND STRUCTURE TO CARRY OUT CATALYTIC REACTIONS IN A DISTILLATION STRUCTURE.

UNA REACCION CATALITICA CONCURRENTE CON ESTRUCTURA DE DESTILACION QUE COMPRENDE UNA GRAN VARIEDAD DE PLACAS PERMEABLES DE VAPOR (14, 16) DISPUESTAS EN RELACION SEPARADA CON UN CATALIZADOR (24) SITUADO EN EL ESPACIO ABIERTO ENTRE DOS PLACAS ADYACENTES. EL AREA RELLENA DEL CATALIZADOR (22) PRESENTA UNA ZONA DE REACCION DONDE TIENE LUGAR LA REACCION CATALITICA Y LAS PLACAS PERMEABLES DE VAPOR PRESENTAN UN AREA AMPLIA PARA INTERCAMBIO DE LA FASE DE VAPOR Y LIQUIDA. LA INVENCION SE REFIERE TAMBIEN A UN PROCESO PARA REACCIONES CATALITICAS CONCURRENTES CON UNA ESTRUCTURA QUE EMPLEA DESTILACION COMO SE DESCRIBE ANTERIORMENTE E INCLUYE LOS PASOS DE ALIMENTACION DE UNA CORRIENTE DE LIQUIDO A UNA COLUMNA QUE UTILIZA DICHA ESTRUCTURA Y DIRIGIR LA CORRIENTE A TRAVES DE LA ZONA DE REACCION CATALITICA MIENTRAS DESTILA CONCURRENTEMENTE UNA PARTE DEL LIQUIDO PARA PRESENTAR UNA CORRIENTE DE VAPOR QUE SE DIRIGE EN RELACION DE CONTRACORRIENTE HACIA EL FLUJO DE LA CORRIENTE DE LIQUIDO. A CONCURRENT CATALYTIC REACTION WITH DISTILLATION STRUCTURE INCLUDING A GREAT VARIETY OF PERMEABLE STEAM PLATES (14, 16) ARRANGED IN SEPARATE RELATION TO A CATALYST (24) LOCATED IN THE OPEN SPACE BETWEEN TWO ADJACENT PLATES. THE FILLED AREA OF THE CATALYST (22) PRESENTS A REACTION AREA WHERE THE CATALYTIC REACTION HAS A PLACE AND THE PERMEABLE STEAM PLATES PRESENT A WIDE AREA FOR EXCHANGE OF THE STEAM AND LIQUID PHASE. THE INVENTION ALSO REFERS TO A PROCESS FOR CONCURRENT CATALYTIC REACTIONS WITH A STRUCTURE THAT USES DISTILLATION AS DESCRIBED ABOVE AND INCLUDES THE SUPPLY STEPS OF A LIQUID CURRENT TO THE STRUCTURE OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE STRUCTURE CATALYTIC REACTION WHILE CONCURRENTLY DISTILLING A PART OF THE LIQUID TO PRESENT A VAPOR CURRENT THAT IS DIRECTED IN RELATION OF THE COUNTER-CURRENT TO THE FLOW OF THE LIQUID FLOW.

Patent JPS6053672B2

Compact fixed bed reactor for catalytic reactions with integral heat exchange

Catalytic isobutane alkylation

A novel catalytic reactor is provided for controlling the contact of a limiting reactant with a catalyst surface. A first flow vessel defines an interior surface and an exterior surface, and the interior surface has a catalyst deposited on at least a portion thereof. A second flow vessel is positioned within the first flow vessel and the second flow vessel defines a porous surface designed to deliver a fluid uniformly to at least a portion of the interior surface of the first flow vessel.

Flow reactor for enzymatic reactions in which the enzyme is immobilized on a solid matrix having a planar surface

FLOW REACTOR FOR ENZYMATIC REACTIONS IN WHICH THE ENZYME IS IMMOBILIZED ON A SOLID MATRIX HAVING A PLANAR SURFACE Abstract of the Disclosure A novel reactor for enzymatic reactions comprises a flow cell which is constituted by two semi-blocks having a planar surface. The enzyme is immobilized on one of the semi-blocks while a thin channel is provided on the face of the other semi-block. The two semi-blocks are hermetically closed. The substrate solution follows a tangential motion and travels with a laminar flow. The reactor permits to achieve 90% contact with the enzyme and may be used continuously.

Ceramic packing with channels for thermal and catalytic beds

A ceramic packing clement (500) is formed from a stack of ceramic plates (502) having parallel ribs (504) forming parallel grooves therebetween. The grooves are formed into channels by being contacted with the surface of an opposed plate. The ribs (504) may engage the end surfaces of ribs on an adjacent plate or may be interleaved with the ribs (504) of an opposed plate to form smaller channels. The plates (502) are adhered to each other by firing a stack of plates (502) in the green state or by adhering cured plates (502) by means of an inorganic adhesive such as sodium silicate. Pressure drop and cracking may be reduced, mass transfer and heat efficiencies increased by enlarging the inlets (542) to the channels and by providing perforations through the plates between the ribs (504). Elements may be preassembled into larger units before placement in a column by wrapping metal bands around an assembly of elements.

FITTING DEVICE TO FAVOR THE CONTACT BETWEEN MEDIA OR REAGENTS, PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE TO THE PURIFICATION OF INDUSTRIAL OR WASTE WATER, IN ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION.

Rotary device for conducting chemical reactions

An apparatus 100 for conducting chemical reactions in a process fluid is provided, comprising a central shaft 1 with a number of axial-radial rotors 3 mounted thereon, a plurality of stationary vanes 2 disposed upstream the rotor and a mixing space 4 disposed down stream of the rotor, wherein the mixing space is configured to convert mechanical energy imparted to the process fluid by the rotor into internal energy of said process fluid and to establish conditions for an at least one chemical reaction in the process fluid to occur. Related arrangement, method and uses of the apparatus are further provided.

Advanced apparatus for performing chemical reactions

INTERFACE POLYMERIZATION IN A POROUS SUBSTRATE WITH PHOTOCHEMICAL GROUPS OF FUNCTIONALIZED SUBSTRATES