Separation of adipic acid and dodecanedioic acid from corresponding monoacid and hydroxy acid

Disclosed is a process for the separation and purification of a diacid from a fermentation broth withdrawn directly from a fermentation zone for producing the diacid, wherein the fermentation broth comprises the diacid and water, a corresponding monoacid, and a corresponding ω-hydroxyacid. The process comprises passing the fermentation broth to a filtration zone having a filtration media and filtering the fermentation broth to provide a filtered feedstock. The filtered feedstock and a desorbent stream are passed to a simulated moving bed separation zone (SMB) operating in reverse phase at effective SMB conditions. The diacid may be adipic, acid, a 6-carbon atom diacid, or dodecanedioic acid, a 12-carbon atom diacid. The process is useful in simplifying the manufacturing the manufacture of diacids produced by fermentation. Adipic acid is used as monomer for the production of nylon. Dodecanedioic acid is used in antiseptics, coatings, painting materials, corrosion inhibitors, surfactants, and engineering plastics.

Continuous process for extraction of unsaturated triglycerides from fish oil

Disclosed is a process for the direct extraction of an omega-3 fatty acid enriched triglyceride product comprising unsaturated triglycerides with a fatty acid strand of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) from a crude fish oil comprising unsaturated triglycerides and saturated triglycerides having strands comprising fatty acids of at least one stearic acid, palmitic and oleic acid. Each triglyceride in the crude fish oil can be characterized by a Partition Number (PN) according to the formula: PN=TC−2DB wherein TC is a total number of carbon atoms in the fatty acid strand, and DB is the number of double bonds in the fatty acid strand. Crude fish oil diluted in non-polar solvent directly passed to an SMB zone, comprising a normal phase separation with a hydrophilic stationary phase agent and a non-polar/organic polar mobile phase desorbent to provide an omega-3 fatty acid enriched triglyceride product.

Continuous process for separation of proteins

Disclosed is a continuous process for separating or extracting proteins from a low grade mixture of a protein of interest, other proteins, impurities, and salts in a continuous simulated moving bed separation process. The invention provides for direct extraction of heme protein and plant protein from a crude mixture of such proteins, other proteins, impurities and salts using the chromatographic technique of simulated moving bed (SMB) continuous chromatography. The SMB process combines the steps of feed loading, adsorbent washing, product elution, adsorbent regeneration, and adsorbent equilibration. The novel strong anion exchange resin adsorbent is a quaternary amine cross-linked microcellulose wherein the microcellulose is cross-linked with epichlorohydrin and the quaternary amine is 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethyl-ammonium chloride which exhibits selective adsorption of proteins and complete regeneration. Purified protein separated in this manner may provide human health benefits by providing greater medicinal and nutrition opportunities from low quality protein sources.

Process for separating astaxanthan

Disclosed is a chromatographic process complex for the refining of krill oil extract including desalting, removal of impurities such as trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), and the production of krill oil products including desalted krill oil extract, polar lipid products having polar lipid contents greater than 50 wt-% on a dry or solvent free basis, neutral lipid streams for biodiesel production and astaxanthin. The refinery includes a continuous desalting zone, a fixed bed polar lipid extraction zone to adsorb neutral lipids and astaxanthin to provide a polar lipid extract stream comprising solvent and polar lipids and being essentially free of neutral lipids and astaxanthin, and an astaxanthin separation zone to recover essentially pure astaxanthin and provide a neutral lipid stream. The enriched products of the krill oil refinery are essentially free of TMAO and salt and provide products which can be used as dietary supplements and as medicinal additives.

LIPID COMPOSITIONS

The present invention provides improved processes for extracting and preparing lipids from biological sources for use in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and functional foods. 2. The composition of claim 1 , having 2 or more of properties (a) to (j).3. The composition of claim 2 , having 3 or more of properties (a) to (j).4. The composition of claim 3 , having 4 or more of properties (a) to (j).5. The composition of claim 4 , having 5 or more of properties (a) to (j).6. The composition of claim 5 , having 6 or more of properties (a) to (j).7. The composition of claim 6 , having 7 or more of properties (a) to (j).8. The composition of claim 7 , having 8 or more of properties (a) to (j).9. The composition of claim 8 , having 9 or more of properties (a) to (j).10. The composition of claim 9 , having all of properties (a) to (j).11. The composition of claim 1 , having at least properties (c) and (i).12. The composition of claim 11 , having at least property (h).13. The composition of claim 12 , having at least properties (e) and (f).14. The composition of claim 13 , having at least property (d).15. The composition of claim 1 , having at least properties (c) claim 1 , (d) claim 1 , (e) claim 1 , (f) claim 1 , (h) and (i).17. The composition of claim 16 , having 2 or more of properties (a) to (j).18. The composition of claim 17 , having 3 or more of properties (a) to (j).19. The composition of claim 18 , having 4 or more of properties (a) to (j).20. The composition of claim 19 , having 5 or more of properties (a) to (j).21. The composition of claim 20 , having 6 or more of properties (a) to (j).22. The composition of claim 21 , having 7 or more of properties (a) to (j).23. The composition of claim 22 , having 8 or more of properties (a) to (j).24. The composition of claim 23 , having 9 or more of properties (a) to (j).25. The composition of claim 24 , having all of properties (a) to (j).26. The composition of claim 16 , having at least properties (c) and (i).27. The ...

Separation of polar lipids from krill oil extract

Disclosed is a chromatographic process complex for the refining of krill oil extract including desalting, removal of impurities such as trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), and the production of krill oil products including desalted krill oil extract, polar lipid products having polar lipid contents greater than 50 wt-% on a dry or solvent free basis, neutral lipid streams for biodiesel production and astaxanthin. The refinery includes a continuous desalting zone, a fixed bed polar lipid extraction zone to adsorb neutral lipids and astaxanthin to provide a polar lipid extract stream comprising solvent and polar lipids and being essentially free of neutral lipids and astaxanthin, and an astaxanthin separation zone to recover essentially pure astaxanthin and provide a neutral lipid stream. The enriched products of the krill oil refinery are essentially free of TMAO and salt and provide products which can be used as dietary supplements and as medicinal additives.

PROCESS FOR SEPARATING ASTAXANTHAN

Disclosed is a chromatographic process complex for the refining of krill oil extract including desalting, removal of impurities such as trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), and the production of krill oil products including desalted krill oil extract, polar lipid products having polar lipid contents greater than 50 wt-% on a dry or solvent free basis, neutral lipid streams for biodiesel production and astaxanthin. The refinery includes a continuous desalting zone, a fixed bed polar lipid extraction zone to adsorb neutral lipids and astaxanthin to provide a polar lipid extract stream comprising solvent and polar lipids and being essentially free of neutral lipids and astaxanthin, and an astaxanthin separation zone to recover essentially pure astaxanthin and provide a neutral lipid stream. The enriched products of the krill oil refinery are essentially free of TMAO and salt and provide products which can be used as dietary supplements and as medicinal additives. 1. A process for separating astaxanthin from a mixture comprising neutral lipids and astaxanthin , said process comprising;e) diluting the mixture in a solvent comprising ethanol and water having an ethanol:water ratio of between of about 95:5 to 99:1 to concentration of about 5 percent by weight of said mixture to provide a diluted astaxanthin mixture;f) introducing the diluted astaxanthin mixture to an astaxanthin extraction zone and therein contacting a steam activated carbon adsorbent to adsorb astaxanthin and to provide a neutral lipid rich stream comprising solvent and neutral lipids;g) washing the steam activated carbon adsorbent with heptane to remove the neutral lipids from the steam activated carbon adsorbent;h) regenerating the steam activated carbon with anisole to desorb the astaxanthin to provide an astaxanthin rich stream comprising anisole and astaxanthin;i) recovering the anisole from the astaxanthin rich stream to provide an astaxanthin product; and,j) returning at least a portion of the anisole to ...

SEPARATION OF POLAR LIPIDS FROM KRILL OIL EXTRACT

Disclosed is a chromatographic process complex for the refining of krill oil extract including desalting, removal of impurities such as trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), and the production of krill oil products including desalted krill oil extract, polar lipid products having polar lipid contents greater than 50 wt-% on a dry or solvent free basis, neutral lipid streams for biodiesel production and astaxanthin. The refinery includes a continuous desalting zone, a fixed bed polar lipid extraction zone to adsorb neutral lipids and astaxanthin to provide a polar lipid extract stream comprising solvent and polar lipids and being essentially free of neutral lipids and astaxanthin, and an astaxanthin separation zone to recover essentially pure astaxanthin and provide a neutral lipid stream. The enriched products of the krill oil refinery are essentially free of TMAO and salt and provide products which can be used as dietary supplements and as medicinal additives.

Krill oil refinery for purification of krill oil extract

Disclosed is a chromatographic process complex for the refining of krill oil extract including desalting, removal of impurities such as trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), and the production of krill oil products including desalted krill oil extract, polar lipid products having polar lipid contents greater than 50 wt-% on a dry or solvent free basis, neutral lipid streams for biodiesel production and astaxanthin. The refinery includes a continuous desalting zone, a fixed bed polar lipid extraction zone to adsorb neutral lipids and astaxanthin to provide a polar lipid extract stream comprising solvent and polar lipids and being essentially free of neutral lipids and astaxanthin, and an astaxanthin separation zone to recover essentially pure astaxanthin and provide a neutral lipid stream. The enriched products of the krill oil refinery are essentially free of TMAO and salt and provide products which can be used as dietary supplements and as medicinal additives.

CONTINUOUS PROCESS FOR EXTRACTION OF UNSATURATED TRIGLYCERIDES FROM FISH OIL

Disclosed is a process for the direct extraction of an omega-3 fatty acid enriched triglyceride product comprising unsaturated triglycerides with a fatty acid strand of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) from a crude fish oil comprising unsaturated triglycerides and saturated triglycerides having strands comprising fatty acids of at least one stearic acid, palmitic and oleic acid. Each triglyceride in the crude fish oil can be characterized by a Partition Number (PN) according to the formula: 2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the wherein the fish oil/solvent mixture has a ratio of 2 to 3 parts non-polar solvent to 1 part crude fish oil.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the non-polar solvent is hexane or heptane.4. The process of claim 1 , further comprising withdrawing the SMB reject stream for use in biodiesel.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the mobile phase desorbent is a mixture of the non-polar solvent consisting of heptane or hexane and the organic polar solvent consists of ethyl acetate and the effective normal phase solvent ratio is from about 98 to 99 parts non-polar solvent to 2 to 1 parts polar organic solvent.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the mobile phase desorbent is a mixture of heptane or hexane and ethyl acetate or acetone and the effective normal phase solvent ratio is 95 parts heptane or hexane to 5 parts ethyl acetate.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the SMB zone comprises at least eight adsorbent beds and the effective normal phase cycle comprises a 2-3-2-1 SMB cycle such that at least 2 adsorbent beds undergo desorption in a desorption zone claim 1 , at least 3 adsorbent beds undergo rectification in a rectification zone claim 1 , and at least 2 adsorbent beds undergo adsorption in an adsorption zone8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the SMB zone comprises at least eight adsorbent beds containing silica as the hydrophilic stationary phase agent.9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the finishing zone ...

Apparatus and method for parallel collection and analysis of the proteome and complex compositions

This invention relates to a kit and a method for the collection and analysis of complex protein mixtures. More particularly, the invention relates to a kit comprising a single barrel filtration well or a multi-well filtration plate wherein each well comprises an upper filtration zone; a lower filtration zone; a conical flow director zone; and, an elution tip, wherein the upper filtration zone and the lower filtration zone are separated by a retainer ring disposed within the lower filtration zone. The upper filtration zone comprises an upper collection zone, a sponge zone, and a deep bed filtration zone; and, the lower filtration zone comprises the retainer ring, a supported hydrophilic membrane and a lower bed filtration media. When used with an array of selected buffer solutions, the multi-well filtration plate can provide accurate, automated, high-throughput protein analysis by affinity chromatography. 1. A multi-well filter plate for the simultaneous and parallel purification and analysis of interacting proteins by affinity chromatography , said multi-well filter plate comprising a plurality of filtration wells , each filtration well , comprisingan upper filtration zone;a lower filtration zone;a conical flow director zone; and,an elution tip,wherein the upper filtration zone and the lower filtration zone are separated by a retainer ring disposed within the lower filtration zone, the retainer permitting fluid communication between the upper filtration zone and the lower filtration zone;wherein said upper filtration zone comprises an upper collection zone, a sponge zone, and a deep bed filtration zone; and,wherein the lower filtration zone comprises the retainer ring, a supported hydrophilic membrane, and a lower bed filtration media.2. The multi-well filter plate for the simultaneous and parallel purification and analysis of interacting proteins by affinity chromatography of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of filtration wells comprises 96 filtration wells.3. The ...

FERMENTATION AND SIMULATED MOVING BED PROCESS

The invention provides an improved method for the production, separation and recovery of one or more fermentation products from a fermentation broth. Further, the invention provides a method for increasing efficiency of a fermentation reaction. In particular, the invention relates to a fermentation system which incorporates a simulated moving bed for separation of fermentation products from a fermentation broth, and a corresponding method 1. A method for separating one or more fermentation products from a fermentation broth , the method comprising:a) fermenting a gaseous substrate in a bioreactor containing a culture of one or more microorganisms to produce a fermentation broth comprising the one or more fermentation products;b) passing the fermentation broth to a treatment zone operated at conditions to produce a treated broth stream, said treated broth stream being substantially free of biomass;c) passing at least a portion of the treated broth stream to a simulated moving bed (SMB) module comprising at least one adsorbent;d) adsorbing at least one of the one or more fermentation products onto said adsorbent and yielding a raffinate comprising the non-adsorbed components of the treated broth stream; ande) desorbing the one or more products from the adsorbent to yield a product stream.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the treatment zone comprises a heat treatment zone.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the treatment zone further comprises a filtration zone.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more fermentation products is selected from the group consisting of ethanol claim 1 , acetic acid claim 1 , 2 claim 1 ,3-butanediol claim 1 , butanol claim 1 , iso-propanol and acetone.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the adsorbent is selected from the group consisting of fluorinated carbon claim 1 , activated carbon and modified C18 silica gel.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the desorbent is selected from the group consisting of ethanol claim 1 , methanol claim ...

Tagatose production using simulated moving bed separation

Disclosed is a process for the production of d-tagatose from lactose after acid hydrolysis to provide a hydrolysate having 1 equiv of d-glucose and 1 equiv of d-galactose for each unit of lactose converted. More particularly, the invention relates to a process for the isomerization of d-galactose to d-tagatose and the use of a simplified separation scheme based on simulated moving bed (SMB) separation. The isomerization of d-galactose to d-tagatose is carried out in the presence of calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide. The process is useful for providing a simplified processing route to providing pure d-tagatose and glucose as two products from lactose hydrolysate. In an alternate embodiment, a process is disclosed for the production of d-tagatose from fermented lactose hydrolysate to provide a crystallized d-tagatose product. D-tagatose is useful as a food additive, as a sweetener, as a texturizer, as a stabilizer, or as a humectant. 1. A process for the production of high purity d-tagatose and high purity d-glucose from a lactose hydrolysate stream , said process comprising:a. passing the lactose hydrolysate stream comprising d-galactose, d-glucose, lactose, disaccharides, water and salts to an ion exclusion SMB zone containing a plurality of ion exclusion beds containing an ion exclusion stationary phase agent selective for the adsorption of d-galactose and d-glucose and operated in an ion exclusion cycle to provide a first extract comprising d-galactose, d-glucose and water, and a first raffinate stream comprising lactose, disaccharides, water and salts;b. passing the first extract stream to a second SMB zone containing a plurality of galactose separation beds containing a galactose stationary phase agent selective for the adsorption of d-galactose and d-glucose and operated in a galactose adsorption cycle at effective galactose/glucose separation conditions to provide a second extract stream comprising d-galactose, d-glucose, and water, and a high purity glucose ...

PROCESS AND ADSORBENT FOR SEPARATING ETHANOL AND ASSOCIATED OXYGENATES FROM A BIOFERMENTATION SYSTEM

Disclosed is a process and an adsorbent for the separation of ethanol associated oxygenates from a dilute mixture of ethanol and associated oxygenates in water in the presence of organic compounds derived from a biofermentation process. After pretreatment, the separation is carried out in a simulated moving bed adsorption system employing an stationary phase adsorbent comprising fluorinated carbon or modified C18 silica gel selective for the adsorption of ethanol and associated oxygenates, such as 2,3-butanediol, with a mobile phase desorbent selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, and methyl tertiary butyl ether. The process is useful for removing water from dilute aqueous mixtures of organic compounds comprising ethanol in dilute concentration in water and produced by fermentation, biomass extraction, biocatalytic and enzymatic processes which are not economically recoverable by conventional distillation methods. 1. A continuous SMB process for the recovery of ethanol from a biomass effluent stream from a fermentor , said biomass effluent stream comprising water , ethanol , at least one associated oxygenate , acetic acid , and suspended solids , wherein said SMB process having a desorption zone , a rectification zone , an adsorption zone , and a regeneration zone as SMB zones , wherein each SMB zone has an upper portion and a bottom portion and wherein the desorption zone , the rectification zone , the adsorption zone and the regeneration zone , each comprise one or more serially-linked adsorbent beds and each adsorbent bed containing a stationary phase adsorbent selective for the adsorption of ethanol and said associated oxygenate , said SMB process comprising:a. passing the biomass effluent stream to a pretreatment zone comprising a denaturation zone and a filtration zone and in the denaturation zone denaturating the biomass effluent stream to provide a denaturated biomass effluent stream and in the filtration zone filtering the ...

MANNOSE PRODUCTION FROM PALM KERNEL MEAL USING SIMULATED MOVING BED SEPARATION

Disclosed is a process for the production of d-mannose from fermented palm oil kernel meal using a continuous SMB separation process. The process is useful for providing a simplified processing route to providing high purity d-mannose. The SMB process and the SMB cycle was operated to provide a high purity mannose stream comprising d-mannose, salts, and color agents, a primary raffinate comprising glucose, other sugars and salts, and a secondary raffinate consisting essentially of the mobile phase desorbent. In the SMB cycle, the secondary raffinate was recycled to the SMB process as the mobile phase desorbent without further desalination. The highly pure mannose stream was further treated to remove color agents and salts prior to subsequent steps of precipitation or crystallization and drying. D-mannose is useful as a food additive, as a sweetener, as a texturizer, as a stabilizer, or as a humectant. 1. A process for the production of a high purity d-mannose product from fermented palm oil kernel meal using simulated moving bed separation , said process comprising:a. passing a palm kernel meal stream comprising water, d-mannose, d-glucose, other sugars, color agents, salts and biomass at a pH of between about 4 and about 6 to a filtration zone comprising a filter media effective to remove at least a portion of the biomass to provide a filtered feedstream comprising water, d-mannose, d-glucose, salts, other sugars, and color agents:b. passing the filtered feedstream to a simulated moving bed (SMB) zone to provide a highly pure mannose extract stream comprising d-mannose, color agents, salts and water and a primary raffinate stream comprising water, d-glucose, salts, and other sugars, and a secondary raffinate stream consisting essentially of water, said SMB zone comprising a plurality of adsorption beds containing a stationary phase agent comprising an effective ion exchange resin, and introducing a mobile phase stream comprising water to said SMB zone, said SMB ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING PURIFIED STEVIOL PRODUCT USING SIMULATED MOVING BED CHROMATOGRAPHY

Disclosed is a continuous process for the purification of steviol glycosides such as Rebaudioside D and/or Rebaudioside M extracted from the dried leaves or extracted from a fermentation broth using continuous simulated moving bed processes and nanofiltration without the addition of organic solvents to obtain a purified steviol product comprising sweet steviol glycosides. The sweet steviol glycosides can be used as substitutes for caloric sweeteners in beverages and in other food items. 1. A method of purifying one or more steviol glycosides from a mixture , the mixture including the one or more steviol glycosides and at least one impurity , the method comprising:passing the mixture through a first adsorbent with a first solvent, the first adsorbent comprising one or more hydrophobic interaction resins or one or more ion exchange resins to provide a first eluate stream, the first eluate stream having the first solvent and a higher purity of the one or more steviol glycosides than in the mixture as measured by weight percentage of the solid content, andoptionally removing at least a portion of the first solvent from the first eluate stream to provide a reduced first eluate stream.2. The method of claim 1 , the method further comprising:passing the first eluate stream or the reduced first eluate stream through a second adsorbent with a second solvent, the second adsorbent comprising one or more hydrophobic interaction resins or one or more ion exchange resins to provide a second eluate stream, the second eluate stream having the second solvent and a higher purity of the one or more steviol glycosides than in the first eluate stream or the reduced first eluate stream as measured by weight percentage of the solid content, andoptionally removing at least a portion of the second solvent from the second eluate stream to provide a reduced second eluate stream.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more steviol glycosides are selected from the group consisting of ...

CONTINUOUS PROCESS FOR SEPARATION OF PROTEINS

Disclosed is a continuous process for separating or extracting proteins from a low grade mixture of a protein of interest, other proteins, impurities, and salts in a continuous simulated moving bed separation process. The invention provides for direct extraction of heme protein and plant protein from a crude mixture of such proteins, other proteins, impurities and salts using the chromatographic technique of simulated moving bed (SMB) continuous chromatography. The SMB process combines the steps of feed loading, adsorbent washing, product elution, adsorbent regeneration, and adsorbent equilibration. The novel strong anion exchange resin adsorbent is a quaternary amine cross-linked microcellulose wherein the microcellulose is cross-linked with epichlorohydrin and the quaternary amine is 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethyl-ammonium chloride which exhibits selective adsorption of proteins and complete regeneration. Purified protein separated in this manner may provide human health benefits by providing greater medicinal and nutrition opportunities from low quality protein sources. 1. A process for the continuous extraction of at least one protein of interest from a crude protein in a continuous simulated moving bed (SMB) extraction zone , said process comprising:a) admixing a crude protein comprising the at least one protein of interest, other proteins, and impurities with an equilibration buffer stream comprising a phosphate salt of sodium or potassium and water to provide an SMB feed stream: i) concurrently passing the SMB feed stream at SMB feed conditions to the top of the loading zone containing a first adsorbent bed to load the SMB feed mixture on the adsorbent in the loading zone and withdrawing a first waste stream comprising water and impurities from the bottom of the loading zone;', 'ii) concurrently passing the wash buffer stream comprising phosphate salt of sodium or potassium to the top of the washing zone to wash the adsorbent in the wash zone to provide a wash ...

CONTINUOUS PROCESS FOR SEPARATION OF PROTEINS

Disclosed is a continuous process for separating or extracting proteins from a low grade mixture of a protein of interest, other proteins, impurities, and salts in a continuous simulated moving bed separation process. The invention provides for direct extraction of heme protein and plant protein from a crude mixture of such proteins, other proteins, impurities and salts using the chromatographic technique of simulated moving bed (SMB) continuous chromatography. The SMB process combines the steps of feed loading, adsorbent washing, product elution, adsorbent regeneration, and adsorbent equilibration. The novel strong anion exchange resin adsorbent is a quaternary amine cross-linked microcellulose wherein the microcellulose is cross-linked with epichlorohydrin and the quaternary amine is 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethyl-ammonium chloride which exhibits selective adsorption of proteins and complete regeneration. Purified protein separated in this manner may provide human health benefits by providing greater medicinal and nutrition opportunities from low quality protein sources. 1. An adsorbent for use in chromatographic separation and extraction of protein , said adsorbent comprising a microcrystalline cellulose which has been cross linked with epichlorohydrin and reacted with 2 ,3-epoxypropyltrimethyl-ammonium chloride.2. The adsorbent of claim 1 , wherein the adsorbent has a particle size ranging from about 150 to about 250 microns.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the adsorbent has a loose bulk density of from about 0.29 to about 0.39 g/cc.4. The process of claim 2 , wherein the adsorbent has a loose bulk density of from about 0.29 to about 0.39 g/cc and being cross-linked with epichlorohydrin and exchanged with 2 claim 2 ,3-epoxypropyltrimethyl-ammonium chloride.5. An adsorbent for use in chromatographic separation and extraction of protein claim 2 , said adsorbent comprising a microcrystalline cellulose which has been cross linked with epichlorohydrin and reacted with 2 ...

LIPID COMPOSITIONS

The present invention provides improved processes for extracting and preparing lipids from biological sources for use in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and functional foods. 2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition further has one or more of the properties:the composition comprises from 0.5% w/w to 10% w/w lysophospholipids;the composition comprises from 0.01% to 1% w/w ethyl esters;the composition is characterized in having a conductivity of less than 20 μS/cm when measured with 5% dry matter in 95% ethanol.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition further has two or more of the following properties:the composition comprises from 0.5% w/w to 10% w/w lysophospholipids;the composition comprises from 0.01% to 1% w/w ethyl esters; andthe composition is characterized in having a conductivity of less than 20 μS/cm when measured with 5% dry matter in 95% ethanol.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition has the following properties:the composition comprises from 0.5% w/w to 10% w/w lysophospholipids;the composition comprises from 0.01% to 1% w/w ethyl esters; andthe composition is characterized in having a conductivity of less than 20 μS/cm when measured with 5% dry matter in 95% ethanol.5. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a second nutraceutical ingredient.6. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a pharmaceutical carrier.7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is provided in a delivery vehicle selected from the group consisting of an oral delivery vehicle claim 1 , a functional food claim 1 , a nutritional supplement claim 1 , a dietary supplement and a medical food.8. The composition of claim 7 , wherein said oral delivery vehicle is a soft gel capsule.10. The composition of claim 9 , wherein the composition further has one or more of the properties:the composition comprises from 0.5% w/w to 10% w/w lysophospholipids;the composition comprises from 0.01% to 1% w/w ethyl esters;the ...

FLASH CHROMATOGRAPHY COLUMN APPARATUS

A flash chromatography apparatus which provides an improved apparatus for large and medium commercial scale flash chromatography columns. More particularly, the invention relates to a flash chromatography column and cartridge system for positioning and ease of loading and unloading of stationary phase agent in the flash chromatography column. The flash chromatography column further provides flow distributors to support the stationary phase and permit plug flow through the column. The apparatus of the present is modular and can be disposed in any configuration to reduce maintenance cost and downtime in a commercial installation. Flash chromatography is widely used for purification of low molecular weight organic compounds and products of organic synthetic reactions. 1. A modular apparatus for performing flash chromatography comprising:a. a chamber having a cylindrical shell having a proximal end and a distal end, said cylindrical shell enclosing a hollow cylindrical interior, said cylindrical shell having an outer surface and an interior surface, a centerline and a midpoint along the centerline;b. a proximal annular ring and a distal annular ring, each annular ring being sealingly disposed at the proximal end and at the distal end of the cylindrical shell, respectively, each annular ring having an upper surface, a hinge and a plurality of mounting clamps distributed uniformly about each annular ring, said upper surface having a raised ring;c. a proximal cover plate and a distal cover plate, each cover plate having a center, an outer side, an underside, and a nozzle, the underside of each cover plate having disposed thereon a registration channel, a sealing channel concentric with the registration channel, and a plurality of radial flow distribution channels extending radially from a distribution hub at the center and extending toward the registration channel, said raised ring being adapted to be disposed in the registration channel when each cover plate is in a ...

FERMENTATION AND SIMULATED MOVING BED PROCESS

The invention provides an improved method for the production, separation and recovery of one or more fermentation products from a fermentation broth. Further, the invention provides a method for increasing efficiency of a fermentation reaction. In particular, the invention relates to a fermentation system which incorporates a simulated moving bed for separation of fermentation products from a fermentation broth, and a corresponding method 1. A method for producing and separating at least one fermentation product from a mixture of fermentation products in a fermentation broth , the method comprising:a) fermenting a gaseous substrate in a bioreactor containing a culture of at least one microorganisms to produce a fermentation broth comprising a mixture of fermentation products where the mixture comprises at least two products selected from the group consisting of ethanol, acetic acid, 2,3-butanediol, butanol, iso-propanol and acetone;b) passing the fermentation broth to a treatment zone operated at conditions to remove substantially all suspended and soluble biomass and produce a treated broth stream;c) passing at least a portion of the treated broth stream to a simulated moving bed (SMB) module comprising at least one adsorbent;d) adsorbing at least one fermentation product onto said adsorbent and yielding a raffinate comprising the non-adsorbed components of the treated broth stream; ande) desorbing the at least one product from the adsorbent to yield a product stream.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the treatment zone comprises a heat treatment zone.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the treatment zone further comprises a filtration zone.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mixture of fermentation products comprises ethanol claim 1 , acetic acid claim 1 , and 2 claim 1 ,3-butanediol.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the adsorbent is selected from the group consisting of fluorinated carbon claim 1 , activated carbon and modified C18 silica gel.6. The method of ...

738538

Disclosed is a continuous process for the purification of steviol glycosides extracted from the dried stevia leaves using continuous simulated moving bed processes and nanofiltration without the addition of organic solvents to obtain a purified steviol product comprising sweet steviol glycosides. The sweet steviol glycosides can be used as substitutes for caloric sweeteners in beverages and in other food items. 1. A continuous process for the purification of steviol glycosides in a crude steviol glycoside extract comprising Rebaudioside A , Rebaudioside C , stevioside , other steviol glycosides , water , tri-terpenes , sterols , flavonoids , volatile oils , pigments , gums , proteins , carotenoids , chlorophyll , vitamins , phospholipids , saccharides , solid insolubles and salts , said process comprising:a) passing the crude steviol glycoside extract to a first filtration zone comprising a microfiltration filter having a pore size of less than about 0.2 μm to remove at least a portion of the solid insolubles to provide a filtered steviol glycoside extract;b) passing the filtered steviol glycoside extract and a first mobile phase desorbent stream consisting of water to a first swing bed simulated moving bed zone comprising a plurality of first swing adsorbent beds containing a hydrophobic resin selective adsorbent to adsorb Rebaudioside A, Rebaudioside C, stevioside, and other steviol glycosides to provide a first swing bed extract stream comprising Rebaudioside A, Rebaudioside C, stevioside, water, and other steviol glycosides and a first group of impurities including proteins, vitamins, phospholipids, saccharides, and salts, and to provide a primary first swing bed raffinate stream comprising Rebaudioside A, Rebaudioside C, stevioside, water, and other steviol glycosides and a secondary first swing bed raffinate comprising water, tri-terpenes, sterols, flavonoids, carotenoids chlorophyll, volatile oils, pigments, and gums and combining at least a portion of the ...

Continuous process for purification of steviol glycosides from stevia leaves using simulated moving bed chromatography

Disclosed is a continuous process for the purification of steviol glycosides extracted from the dried stevia leaves using continuous simulated moving bed processes and nanofiltration without the addition of organic solvents to obtain a purified steviol product comprising sweet steviol glycosides. The sweet steviol glycosides can be used as substitutes for caloric sweeteners in beverages and in other food items.

L-GLUCOSE PRODUCTION FROM L-GLUSOSE/L-MANNOSE MIXTURES USING SIMULATED MOVING BED SEPARATION

Disclosed is a process for the production of L-glucose from a mixture of L-mannose and L-glucose to provide a high purity L-glucose product. More particularly, the invention relates to a process for the isomerization of mixtures of L-mannose and L-glucose to favor the epimerization or transformation of the L-mannose into L-glucose combined with the selective removal of impurities and the selective separation of L-glucose by a multi-stage simulated moving bed SMB separation process integrating ion exclusion and isomer separation. The process is useful for providing a simplified and economic continuous processing route to providing pure L-glucose from mixtures of L-glucose and L-mannose in the presence of inorganic and organic salts and other sugars such as L-arabinose. L-glucose is useful as a sweetener, a laxative and as a therapeutic agent. 1. A process for the production of a high purity L-glucose product from a mixed feed stream comprising L-glucose , L-mannose , salts and other sugars , said process comprising:a. passing the mixed feed stream at a mixed feed temperature and a first mobile phase stream comprising water to an ion exclusion SMB zone comprising a plurality of ion exclusion beds, each of said ion exclusion beds containing an ion exclusion stationary phase agent comprising a strong acid sodium exchange resin and being selective for the adsorption of L-mannose and L-glucose and other sugars, said ion exclusion SMB zone being operated in an ion exclusion cycle to provide a first extract stream having a reduced concentration of salts and an initial concentration of L-glucose on a total sugar basis, said first extract stream comprising L-glucose, L-mannose, other sugars and water, a first primary raffinate stream comprising water and salts, and a first secondary raffinate stream comprising water;b. admixing the first extract stream with a second secondary extract stream comprising L-mannose and water to provide an evaporization zone feed stream and ...

PROCESS FOR PURIFICATION OF EPA (EICOSAPENTANOIC ACID) ETHYL ESTER FROM FISH OIL

Disclosed is a process for extracting and purifying EPA (Eicosapentanoic acid) ethyl ester from a crude fish oil feedstock using a combination of novel esterification and simulated moving bed (SMB) techniques. Crude fish oil diluted in non-polar solvent is esterified with an acid and then transesterified with a base. Following washing, the non-polar phase is directly passed to an SMB zone, comprising a normal phase separation with a hydrophilic stationary phase agent and a non-polar/organic polar mobile phase desorbent to provide an enhanced omega-3 product, comprising EPA. In a further embodiment, the enhanced omega-3 product is passed to a second and third SMB zones operating in reverse phase using a hydrophobic stationary phase and a polar mobile phase desorbent. The process is useful for producing high purity EPA at purities in excess of 97 wt-% which are not economically recoverable by conventional distillation methods combined with conventional SMB configurations. 1. A process for recovering an enhanced omega-3 ester product from a crude fish oil comprising fatty acids of omega-3 fatty acids of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) along with other unsaturated triglyceride species including at least one of docosapentanoic acid (DPA) , stearadonic acid (SDA) , alpha linolenic acid (ALA) , gamma linolenic acid (GLA) , linoleic acid (LIN) and oleic acid (OLE) and free fatty acids , said process comprising:a. passing the crude fish oil to a solvent mixing zone and therein admixing the crude fish oil with a non-polar solvent to provide a fish oil/solvent mixture;b. passing the fish oil/solvent mixture to an esterification zone and therein subjecting the fish oil/solvent mixture to an esterification reaction in the presence of an ethanol stream and an acid catalyst stream comprising a mineral acid at effective esterification conditions to convert the free fatty acids to Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters (FAEE) to provide a non-polar esterification reaction ...

Krill oil refinery for purification of krill oil extract

Disclosed is a chromatographic process complex for the refining of krill oil extract including desalting, removal of impurities such as trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), and the production of krill oil products including desalted krill oil extract, polar lipid products having polar lipid contents greater than 50 wt-% on a dry or solvent free basis, neutral lipid streams for biodiesel production and astaxanthin. The refinery includes a continuous desalting zone, a fixed bed polar lipid extraction zone to adsorb neutral lipids and astaxanthin to provide a polar lipid extract stream comprising solvent and polar lipids and being essentially free of neutral lipids and astaxanthin, and an astaxanthin separation zone to recover essentially pure astaxanthin and provide a neutral lipid stream. The enriched products of the krill oil refinery are essentially free of TMAO and salt and provide products which can be used as dietary supplements and as medicinal additives.

Tagatose production from deproteinized whey and purification by continuous chromatography

Disclosed is a process for the production of d-tagatose from deproteinized whey or whey permeate containing lactose after acid hydrolysis to provide a hydrolysate comprising 1 equivalent of d-glucose and 1 equivalent of d-galactose for each unit of lactose converted. More particularly, the invention relates to a process for the isomerization of d-galactose to d-tagatose and the use of a simplified separation scheme based on simulated moving bed (SMB) separation. The isomerization of d-galactose to d-tagatose is carried out in the presence of calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide. The process is useful for providing a simplified processing route to providing pure d-tagatose and glucose syrup as two products from lactose hydrolysate isomerate. D-tagatose is useful as a food additive, as a sweetener, as a texturizer, as a stabilizer, or as a humectant.

Fremgangsmate for fremstilling av hydrogenperoksid.

Apparat for fremstilling av hydrogenperoksid etter behov. Apparatet omfatter en elektrolyseanordning (10), en hydrolyseanordning (20) og en separator (30). Et oksidasjonsmiddel genereres for omsetning med vann for å danne hydrogenperoksid.

Separation of lactic acid from fermentation broth with an anionic polymeric absorbent

Lactic acid is separated from a fermentation broth by using an adsorbent comprising a water-insoluble macroreticular or gel weakly basic anionic exchange resin possessing tertiary amine or pyridine functional groups or a strongly basic anionic exchange resin possessing quaternary amine fuctional groups. The resins are in sulfate form and have a cross-linked acrylic or styrene resin matrix. Lactic acid is desorbed with water or dilute inorganic acid, e.g., sulfuric. The pH of the feed is maintained below the ionization constant (pKa) of lactic acid to obtain high selectivity.

Carbon dioxide removal using aminated carbon molecular sieves

Acid gases such as carbon dioxide are removed from air or other gases using a unique carbon-based material. The material is a carbon molecular sieve prepared from oxygen-free precursors carbonized in the absence of oxygen. The pores of the material are then enlarged as by high temperature steaming. Alcohol amines are then used to impart an amine functionality to the materials. A gas to be treated is contacted with this material at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, with the adsorbed gas being released by heating to a moderate temperature.

Synthesis of hydrogen peroxide

An apparatus for producing hydrogen peroxide on an as-needed basis is disclosed. The apparatus comprises an electrolyzer (10), a hydrolyzer (20), and a separator (30). An oxidizing agent is generated for reaction with water to generate hydrogen peroxide.

Apparatus for generation of pure hydrogen for use with fuel cells

A process and apparatus are disclosed for the operation of a fuel cell to generate electric power from a feed stream comprising a hydrocarbon or an alcohol. The fuel cell comprises a proton exchange membrane which produces electric power from a hydrogen product stream which comprises essentially no carbon monoxide. The hydrogen product stream is produced from the feed stream in a novel steam reforming zone containing a steam reforming catalyst disposed in a bell-shaped catalyst zone. The bell-shaped catalyst zone is disposed over a combustion zone such that the exhaust gas from the combustion flows around the bell-shaped catalyst zone to heat the catalyst from the inside and the outside of the catalyst zone. Furthermore, the bell-shaped catalyst zone maintains a high inlet and a high outlet temperature to avoid methane slippage in the steam reforming zone. Heat for the steam reforming zone is provided by a fuel stream and at least a portion of the anode waste gas stream from the fuel cell.

Dehydrogenation of a dehydrogenatable hydrocarbon using alkali metal liquid to remove hydrogen and supply heat of reaction

Dehydrogenatable hydrocarbons are dehydrogenated by contacting the hydrocarbon with a liquid comprising an alkali metal in a dehydrogenation zone to produce a dehydrogenated hydrocarbon and an alkali metal halide. The resulting alkali metal hydride is removed from the zone and heated to produce a heated liquid alkali metal and hydrogen. The heated liquid alkali metal is recycled to the dehydrogenation zone to provide heat and elemental metal for hydrogen removal and the dehydrogenated hydrocarbon is recovered.

Method for producing purified steviol product using simulated moving bed chromatography

Disclosed is a continuous process for the purification of steviol glycosides such as Rebaudioside D and/or Rebaudioside M extracted from the dried stevia leaves or extracted from a fermentation broth using continuous simulated moving bed processes and nanofiltration without the addition of organic solvents to obtain a purified steviol product comprising sweet steviol glycosides. The sweet steviol glycosides can be used as substitutes for caloric sweeteners in beverages and in other food items.

Solid fuels for fuel cells

A solid fuel for use in fuel cells is presented. The solid fuel includes solid oxygenates, and mixtures for generating a gaseous fuel from the solid fuel. The solid fuel can be contained in a cartridge and reacted with a liquid reactant for generating a gaseous fuel used in the fuel cell.

Dehydrogenation of a dehydrogenatable hydrocarbon using alkali metal liquid to remove hydrogen and supply heat of reaction

Dehydrogenatable hydrocarbons are dehydrogenated by contacting the hydrocarbon with a liquid comprising an alkali metal in a dehydrogenation zone to produce a dehydrogenated hydrocarbon and an alkali metal halide. The resulting alkali metal hydride is removed from the zone and heated to produce a heated liquid alkali metal and hydrogen. The heated liquid alkali metal is recycled to the dehydrogenation zone to provide heat and elemental metal for hydrogen removal and the dehydrogenated hydrocarbon is recovered.

Lipid compositions

The present invention provides improved processes for extracting and preparing lipids from biological sources for use in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and functional foods.

Process for the production of hydrogen

A process and apparatus are disclosed for the generation of hydrogen from hydrogen rich compounds. The process uses hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizer with a hydrogen rich compound forming a mixture such that when the mixture is exposed to a catalyst forming a hydrogen rich gas.

Lipid compositions

The present invention provides improved processes for extracting and preparing lipids from biological sources for use in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and functional foods.

Synthesis of hydrogen peroxide

An apparatus for producing hydrogen peroxide on an as-needed basis is disclosed. The apparatus comprises an electrolyzer (10), a hydrolyzer (20), and a separator (30). An oxidizing agent is generated for reaction with water to generate hydrogen peroxide. Fig. 2 accompanies the abstract.

Synthesis of hydrogen peroxide

An apparatus for producing hydrogen peroxide on an as-needed basis is disclosed. The apparatus comprises an electrolyzer (10), a hydrolyzer (20), and a separator (30). An oxidizing agent is generated for reaction with water to generate hydrogen peroxide.

Turbulent bed solid catalyst hydrocarbon alkylation process

Paraffins or other hydrocarbons are alkylated in a process featuring a reaction zone containing a pool of liquid maintained at its boiling point and containing a suspended solid catalyst, which allows the heat of reaction to vaporize a portion of the liquid phase feed hydrocarbon. The vapor phase withdrawn from the top of the reaction zone is at least partially recycled to the reaction zone either as vapor or liquid. The feed hydrocarbons are introduced to the bottom of the reaction zone as a vapor phase stream, which may contain hydrogen. The catalyst is suspended within the liquid in the reaction zone.

Process for the production of hydrogen

Method and apparatus for fractionating a mixture of particles of different sizes suspended in a liquid

ABSTRACT Fractionation apparatus is disclosed which utilizes a rapidly rotating disk which receives a liquid suspension of particles to be separated onto its rotating face surface. When the film of liquid and particles on the rotating face surface reaches the peripheral edge of the face, particles above a certain size are radially ejected while smaller particles and the liquid are carried over the edge onto the surface of a depending rim. The suspension of smaller particles and liquid is carried down the rim to the rim edge at which point the smaller particles and liquid are disengaged. A separator wall may be interposed between the two streams of particles emanating from the disk to provide a physical separation of the larger and smaller particles once they have left the disk. The characteristics of the face surface, the angle of the rim with respect to the face, the disk speed, suspension feed rate, and other operating conditions can be selected such that highly efficient fractionations of particle suspensions, such as wood pulp slurries, can be obtained about a selected break point particle size.

Lipid compositions

The present invention provides improved processes for extracting and preparing lipids from biological sources for use in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and functional foods.

Lipid compositions

The present invention provides improved processes for extracting and preparing lipids from biological sources for use in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and functional foods.

Method for producing purified steviol product using simulated moving bed chromatography

Disclosed is a continuous process for the purification of steviol glycosides such as Rebaudioside D and/or Rebaudioside M extracted from the dried stevia leaves or extracted from a fermentation broth using continuous simulated moving bed processes and nanofiltration without the addition of organic solvents to obtain a purified steviol product comprising sweet steviol glycosides. The sweet steviol glycosides can be used as substitutes for caloric sweeteners in beverages and in other food items.

Krill oil refinery for purification of krill oil extract

Disclosed is a chromatographic process complex for the refining of krill oil extract including desalting, removal of impurities such as trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), and the production of krill oil products including desalted krill oil extract, polar lipid products having polar lipid contents greater than 50 wt-% on a dry or solvent free basis, neutral lipid streams for biodiesel production and astaxanthin. The refinery includes a continuous desalting zone, a fixed bed polar lipid extraction zone to adsorb neutral lipids and astaxanthin to provide a polar lipid extract stream comprising solvent and polar lipids and being essentially free of neutral lipids and astaxanthin, and an astaxanthin separation zone to recover essentially pure astaxanthin and provide a neutral lipid stream. The enriched products of the krill oil refinery are essentially free of TMAO and salt and provide products which can be used as dietary supplements and as medicinal additives.