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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 59. Отображено 55.
09-05-2013 дата публикации

COEXISTENCE SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR WIRELESS NETWORK DEVICES

Номер: US20130115941A1
Принадлежит: Marvell International Ltd.

A network interface including a radio frequency (RF) system and a media access controller (MAC). The RF system wirelessly communicates with an access point (AP). The MAC includes client modules. A first client module transmits a first signal from a host to the AP via the RF system in accordance with a first wireless communication standard. A second client module transmits a second signal from the host to the AP via the RF system in accordance with a second wireless communication standard. The second client module determines a quality level of the second signal transmitted from the second client module to the AP, and based on the quality level of the second signal, hands off access to the RF system from the second client module to the first client module to allow the first client module to transmit the first signal to the AP via the RF system. 1. (canceled)2. The network interface comprising:a radio frequency system configured to wirelessly communicate with an access point; and the plurality of client modules comprise a first client module and a second client module,', 'the first client module is configured to transmit a first signal from a host to the access point via the radio frequency system in accordance with a first wireless communication standard, and', 'the second client module is configured to transmit a second signal from the host to the access point via the radio frequency system in accordance with a second wireless communication standard, and, 'a media access controller comprising a plurality of client modules, wherein'} determine a quality level of the second signal transmitted from the second client module to the access point, and', 'based on the quality level of the second signal transmitted from the second client module to the access point, handoff access to the radio frequency system from the second client module to the first client module to allow the first client module to transmit the first signal to the access point via the radio frequency system ...

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24-10-2013 дата публикации

Access point rotation for sharing power load

Номер: US20130279388A1
Принадлежит: MARVELL WORLD TRADE LTD

Aspects of the disclosure provide a method for sharing power load in a network. The method includes identifying a first device to serve as an AP of the network in a next time interval, providing network information from a second device that presently serves as the AP to the first device. When the first device starts to serve as the AP of the network, the second device can be configured to enter into a power save state in order to reduce power consumption by the second device in the next time interval.

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26-12-2013 дата публикации

Transmit power amplification control for wireless device

Номер: US20130344912A1
Принадлежит: Individual

A system and method are disclosed for controlling transmit power amplification in a wireless transmitting device. A processor receives data to determine whether a communication channel from a transmitting device to a receiving device is strong enough to support a target data transmit rate of the devices with a power amplifier either on or off. The processor controls a switching device between a data transmitter circuit and the transmitter's antenna based on the quality of the communication channel. In a first state, the switching device connects the data transmitter circuit to the power amplifier to increase the strength of the signal communicated to the antenna. In a second state, the switching device bypasses the power amplifier. The power amplifier is turned off when the switch is in the second state, thereby decreasing the power consumed by the transmitting device as it transmits data at the target data transmit rate.

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23-01-2014 дата публикации

POWER SAVE MODE FOR ACCESS POINTS

Номер: US20140022973A1
Принадлежит: MARVELL WORLD TRADE LTD.

A first network device including a control module to operate the first network device, prior to beginning discovery of a second network device, initially in a power save mode and subsequently in a normal mode after receiving an input from a user of the first network device while operating in the power save mode; and prior to beginning the discovery and subsequent to the first network device switching from operating in the power save mode to the normal mode, to alternately operate the first network device as a client station and an access point. A device detection module begins, subsequent to the first network device switching from operating in the power save mode to the normal mode, the discovery by scanning a network or by transmitting a beacon over the network when the first network device operates as a client station or an the access point, respectively. 1. A first network device comprising: a) operate the first network device, prior to beginning discovery of a second network device, (i) initially in a power save mode and (ii) subsequently in a normal mode in response to receiving an input from a user of the first network device while operating in the power save mode, wherein the first network device (i) performs an operation in the normal mode and (ii) does not perform the operation in the power save mode; and', 'b) prior to beginning discovery of the second network device and subsequent to the first network device switching from operating in the power save mode to the normal mode in response to receiving the input from the user of the first network device while operating in the power save mode, alternate between operating the first network device as a client station and an access point; and, 'a control module configured to'}a device detection module configured to begin, subsequent to the first network device switching from operating in the power save mode to the normal mode in response to receiving the input from the user of the first network device while ...

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27-02-2014 дата публикации

Power Saving Mode for access point

Номер: US20140056199A1
Принадлежит: MARVELL WORLD TRADE LTD.

An access point including a beacon module that determines a beacon interval and that defines a first portion and a second portion of the beacon interval during which the access point operates in a normal mode and a power save mode, respectively. On receiving a communication from a client station during the first portion, a control module does not transition the access point from the normal mode to the power save mode at an end of the first portion. If the communication is not received during the first portion, the control module transitions the access point from the normal mode to the power save mode at the end of the first portion and from the power save mode to the normal mode at an end of the second portion. A duration of the second portion is less than a scan time of the client station. 1. An access point comprising: determine a beacon interval, wherein the access point is configured to transmit a beacon at a start of each beacon interval;', 'define a first portion of the beacon interval during which the access point is configured to operate in a normal mode, wherein, while operating in the normal mode, the access point is configured to perform normal operations including one or more of (i) transmitting the beacon, (ii) receiving a probe request, and (iii) transmitting a probe response, and wherein the first portion of the beacon interval begins at the start of the beacon interval; and', 'define a second portion of the beacon interval during which the access point is configured to operate in a power save mode, wherein, while operating in the power save mode, the access point is configured to not perform the normal operations, and wherein the second portion of the beacon interval (i) begins at an end of the first portion of the beacon interval and (ii) ends at an end of the beacon interval;, 'a beacon module configured to'}a detection module configured to detect, in response to the access point operating in the normal mode during the first portion of the beacon ...

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17-01-2019 дата публикации

DISTRIBUTING ELECTRONIC SURVEYS THROUGH A MESSENGER PLATFORM

Номер: US20190019204A1
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure is directed toward systems and methods generating a survey response based on an analysis of a communication provided by a user. The systems and methods may include receiving a data package sent in response to detecting a trigger event performed by a user, analyzing the data package to determine a user identification for the user, a user input, or an event type, and based on the analysis of the data package, identifying a first survey inquiry within a first electronic survey. Furthermore, the systems and methods may include formatting the first survey inquiry in an instant messenger format, providing, via an instant messenger platform, the formatted first survey inquiry to an instant messenger communication thread associated with the user, receiving an instant message response, and based on the instant message response, generating a survey response to the first survey inquiry. 1. A method comprising:receiving, at an electronic survey system, a data package from a third-party system based on the third-party system detecting a trigger event initiated by a user;analyzing, by at least one processor, information within the data package to identify a first survey inquiry corresponding to a first electronic survey maintained within the electronic survey system;providing, via an instant messenger platform, the first survey inquiry for presentation to the user within an instant messenger communication thread associated with the user;receiving, via the instant messenger platform, an instant message response input by the user into the instant messenger communication thread; andbased on the instant message response, generating a survey response to the first survey inquiry corresponding to the first electronic survey within the electronic survey system.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein providing the first survey inquiry for presentation within the instant messenger communication thread associated with the user comprises providing the first survey inquiry ...

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17-04-2014 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR COMMUNICATING WITH AN ACCESS POINT VIA A COMPONENT SHARED BY MULTIPLE CLIENT MODULES

Номер: US20140105090A1
Принадлежит: MARVELL WORLD TRADE LTD.

A network interface including a radio frequency system with a component configured for communication with an access point. First, second and third client modules communicate with the access point according to respective wireless communication standards. The first, second and third client modules share the component, such that during respective periods the first, second and third client modules communicate with the access point via the component. The first client module transmits a request signal to the second client module while the second client module is in an idle state and the third client module is in an active state. The request signal requests access to the component. The third client module, in response to the request signal, aborts transmitting of first data to the access point and transmits an acknowledgement signal. The first client module transmits to or receives from the access point second data based on the acknowledgement signal. 1. A network interface comprising:a radio frequency system comprising a component, wherein the component is configured for communication with an access point;a first client module communicates with the access point in accordance with a first wireless communication standard;a second client module communicates with the access point in accordance with a second wireless communication standard; anda third client module communicates with the access point in accordance with a third wireless communication standard, the first client module, the second client module and the third client module are configured to share the component of the radio frequency system, such that during respective periods of time the first client module, the second client module, and the third client module communicate with the access point via the component,', 'the first client module is configured to transmit a request signal to the second client module while (i) the second client module is in an idle state, and (ii) the third client module is in an active ...

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04-02-2021 дата публикации

PREDICTING DIGITAL SURVEY RESPONSE QUALITY AND GENERATING SUGGESTIONS TO DIGITAL SURVEYS

Номер: US20210035132A1
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure relates to a response prediction system that intelligently optimizes the quality of responses to a survey by predicting response quality and generating suggested changes (e.g., improving question ordering, question phrasing, question type, etc.). For example, in one or more embodiments, the response prediction system predicts response quality based on extracted survey characteristics. The response prediction system uses the predicted response quality to generate suggested changes before publishing the survey. Additionally, the response prediction system collects feedback by analyzing responses after the survey has been published to update suggested changes specific to the survey. 1. A system comprising:at least one processor; receive, from a client device associated with an administrator, a survey comprising survey questions;', 'extract survey characteristics based on the survey and the survey questions;', 'generate, based on the survey characteristics, a predicted response quality corresponding to the survey;', 'determine, based on the predicted response quality, a suggested change to the survey; and', 'provide the suggested change to the client device associated with the administrator., 'at least one non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the system to2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising instructions that claim 1 , when executed by the at least one processor claim 1 , cause the system to:publish, to one or more client devices associated with respondents, the survey;receive, from the one or more client devices, survey response data;generate an updated response quality;determine, based on the updated response quality, an updated suggested change to the survey; andprovide the updated response quality and the updated suggested change to the client device associated with the administrator.3. The system of further comprising instructions that claim 2 , ...

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08-02-2018 дата публикации

DISTRIBUTING SURVEY QUESTIONS BASED ON GEOLOCATION TRACKING ASSOCIATED WITH A RESPONDENT

Номер: US20180040002A1
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure is directed towards methods and systems for administering an electronic survey to a respondent via a client device based on geolocation information associated with the client device. For example, the systems and methods include associating a geographic location with an electronic survey. The systems and methods further allow for receiving a geolocation information associated with a respondent's client device. Based on the geolocation information corresponding to the geographic location associated with the electronic survey, the systems and methods determine to provide the respondent's client device with an electronic survey. Accordingly, the systems and methods can provide electronic surveys and electronic survey questions based on a physical location of a respondent. 1. A method comprising:receiving geolocation information associated with a client device;determining, by at least one processor, that the geolocation information relates to an electronic survey;preparing at least one survey question of the electronic survey based on the geolocation information; andproviding the at least one survey question to the client device.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising preparing the at least one survey question of the electronic survey by selecting the at least one survey question from a list of survey questions correlating to the geolocation information.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining a timing to provide the at least one survey question of the electronic survey based on the geolocation information.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein receiving geolocation information associated with a client device comprises:receiving a first geolocation associated with the client device; andreceiving a second geolocation associated with the client device, wherein the first geolocation and the second geolocation are different.5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising determining the at least one survey question based on the first ...

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08-02-2018 дата публикации

CONDUCTING DIGITAL SURVEYS UTILIZING VIRTUAL REALITY AND AUGMENTED REALITY DEVICES

Номер: US20180040161A1
Принадлежит:

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to generating, conducting, and reporting digital surveys utilizing augmented reality devices and/or virtual reality devices. In particular, in one or more embodiments, the disclosed systems and methods assist administrators in generating digital surveys utilizing interactive virtual environments via a virtual reality device and/or augmented reality elements via an augmented reality device. Similarly, the disclosed systems and methods can provide digital surveys via augmented reality devices and/or virtual reality devices, for instance, by monitoring user interactions via the augmented reality and/or virtual reality devices and providing digital surveys based on the monitored user interactions. Furthermore, the disclosed systems and methods can present survey results and allow administrators to interact with survey results utilizing augmented reality devices and/or virtual reality devices. 1. A method comprising:identifying a user interaction with a real-world environmental component from data received from an augmented reality device of a user;in response to the identified user interaction with the real-world environmental component, determining a survey question to provide to the user of the augmented reality device;providing, to the augmented reality device of the user, a digital survey indicator as an augmented reality element in relation to the real-world environmental component;based on receiving an indication of user interaction with the digital survey indicator, providing, to the augmented reality device and for presentation to the user, the survey question; andreceiving response data collected from the augmented reality device in response to the survey question.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein identifying the user interaction with the real-world environmental component comprises at least one of: determining claim 1 , via the augmented reality device claim 1 , that the user is at a location; determining ...

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01-03-2018 дата публикации

PROVIDING ANALYSIS OF PERCEPTION DATA OVER TIME FOR EVENTS

Номер: US20180060883A1
Принадлежит:

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to administration of an electronic survey to collect perception ratings for an event. For example, an electronic survey system provides a perception survey question to a respondent client device for an event (e.g., a digital media event or a live user experience). As a user associated with the respondent client device experiences the event, the user indicates a perception rating over time for the event by interacting with a graphical input element corresponding to the perception survey question. The survey system collects perception data points indicating the perception rating of the user and associates information about the user with the perception data points. The survey system can generate response data for the perception survey question based on the perception data points. The survey system can also generate a perception data report using the user profile information. 1. A method comprising:receiving a request to provide an electronic survey to a client device associated with a respondent; enabling presentation of a digital media event on the client device associated with the respondent;', 'providing, for presentation on the client device along with the digital media event, a graphical input element with which the respondent can interact; and', "receiving, from the client device, a plurality of perception data points over a time period based on the respondent's interaction with the graphical input element during the presentation of the digital media event, wherein each perception data point from the plurality of perception data points corresponds to a portion of the digital media event; and"], 'in response to receiving the request, administering an electronic survey question of the electronic survey, wherein administering the electronic survey question comprisesgenerating, based on the received plurality of perception data points, response data for the electronic survey question.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , ...

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28-02-2019 дата публикации

PROVIDING A CONVERSATIONAL DIGITAL SURVEY BY GENERATING DIGITAL SURVEY QUESTIONS BASED ON DIGITAL SURVEY RESPONSES

Номер: US20190066136A1
Автор: Kopikare Milind
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure is directed toward systems, methods, and non-transitory computer readable media for generating conversational survey questions. The systems and methods analyze a received survey question response to identify characteristics of a survey response, including topics and other response features. For example, the systems can determine a sentiment associated with a given product or service that a respondent expresses within a response. Based on the determined sentiment, and further based on a set of logic rules received from a survey administrator, the systems and methods generate provide conversational follow-up questions associated with the identified product or service. 1. A method comprising:receiving, from a respondent client device, a response to a survey question associated with a digital survey, the response comprising a string of text;analyzing the string of text of the response to determine a response feature associated with the response;identifying a logical condition within a survey flow that corresponds to the determined response feature;generating a follow-up question to provide to the respondent client device based on the logical condition within the survey flow; andproviding the follow-up question to the respondent client device.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:receiving, from an administrator client device, a set of logic rules to apply to one or more responses received for the digital survey; andgenerating, based on the set of logic rules, the survey flow for the digital survey, the survey flow comprising, for one or more of the set of logic rules, a corresponding logical condition that, when triggered, causes generation of a new survey question as part of the digital survey.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein analyzing the response to determine the response feature comprises implementing a machine learning model to analyze the text of the received response.4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising training the ...

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29-03-2018 дата публикации

AUTHENTICATING A RESPONDENT TO AN ELECTRONIC SURVEY

Номер: US20180089412A1
Принадлежит:

This disclosure generally covers systems and methods that, in some embodiments, provide an electronic survey template for creating a user customizable electronic survey including authentication features. Those authentication features include, in some embodiments, authenticating questions with elements that capture a digitally drawn signature, digital image, fingerprint, or voiceprint. Certain embodiments of the disclosed systems and methods provide a graphical user interface comprising an electronic survey template with a menu of survey question types, including an option to create authenticating questions within the electronic survey template. Some embodiments of the disclosed systems and methods also provide functions and features that allow users to preview a customized electronic survey template as an interactive electronic survey or to preview individual electronic survey questions as interactive electronic survey questions. 1. A method comprising:providing, by one or more servers to an administrator device, an electronic survey template for creating a user customizable electronic survey comprising one or more electronic survey questions;providing, by the one or more servers to the administrator device, a selectable signature option to create, within the electronic survey template, a first authenticating question that enables a survey respondent to input a digitally drawn signature as a response to the first authenticating question;based on receiving an indication of a selection from the administrator device corresponding to the selectable signature option, creating the first authenticating question comprising a signature field within which the survey respondent may input a digitally drawn signature; andproviding, by the one or more servers to a respondent device, the first authenticating question comprising the signature field as part of an electronic survey.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising providing one or more signature formatting controls for ...

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03-05-2018 дата публикации

Guiding creation of an electronic survey

Номер: US20180122256A1
Принадлежит: Qualtrics LLC

This disclosure generally covers systems and methods that provide guidance to create an electronic survey. In some embodiments, the systems and methods identify and provide a suggested survey topic—with a corresponding option to create an electronic survey—based on user input. In some embodiments, the systems and methods identify and provide one or more suggested electronic survey questions based on user input. In such embodiments, the systems and methods provide, for example, components of suggested electronic survey questions, previously composed and benchmarking electronic survey questions, or suggested revisions to electronic survey questions. In addition, the systems and methods can provide entire premade electronic surveys based on receiving user input from a survey administrator.

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27-05-2021 дата публикации

GUIDING CREATION OF AN ELECTRONIC SURVEY

Номер: US20210158711A1
Принадлежит:

This disclosure generally covers systems and methods that provide guidance to create an electronic survey. In some embodiments, the systems and methods identify and provide a suggested survey topic—with a corresponding option to create an electronic survey—based on user input. In some embodiments, the systems and methods identify and provide one or more suggested electronic survey questions based on user input. In such embodiments, the systems and methods provide, for example, components of suggested electronic survey questions, previously composed and benchmarking electronic survey questions, or suggested revisions to electronic survey questions. In addition, the systems and methods can provide entire premade electronic surveys based on receiving user input from a survey administrator. 120-. (canceled)21. A method comprising:accessing, at an electronic survey system, initial information relating to an electronic survey project;identifying a survey topic within a survey database based on the initial information;providing, via a graphical user interface, a selectable option for providing a guided survey creation process for generating an electronic survey related to the identified survey topic;based on receiving an indication of a selection of the selectable option for providing a guided survey creation process, providing selectable prompts via the graphical user interface, the selectable prompts linking to guidance features within the survey database that are part of the guided survey creation process;generating a customized electronic survey related to the identified survey topic based on receiving indications of one or more user interactions with one or more of the selectable prompts within the graphical user interface; anddistributing the customized electronic survey to one or more respondent client devices associated with one or more respondents.22. The method of claim 21 , wherein a first guidance feature of the guidance features is associated with a first ...

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30-04-2020 дата публикации

AUTHENTICATING A RESPONDENT TO AN ELECTRONIC SURVEY

Номер: US20200134258A1
Принадлежит:

This disclosure generally covers systems and methods that, in some embodiments, provide an electronic survey template for creating a user customizable electronic survey including authentication features. Those authentication features include, in some embodiments, authenticating questions with elements that capture a digitally drawn signature, digital image, fingerprint, or voiceprint. Certain embodiments of the disclosed systems and methods provide a graphical user interface comprising an electronic survey template with a menu of survey question types, including an option to create authenticating questions within the electronic survey template. Some embodiments of the disclosed systems and methods also provide functions and features that allow users to preview a customized electronic survey template as an interactive electronic survey or to preview individual electronic survey questions as interactive electronic survey questions. 1. A method comprising:providing, by one or more servers for display on a screen of an administrator device, an electronic survey template for creating a user customizable electronic survey comprising one or more electronic survey questions, the electronic survey template comprising a graphical space for creating the one or more electronic survey questions;providing, by the one or more servers for display on the screen of the administrator device, a selectable option to create an authenticating question within the electronic survey template, the authenticating question enabling a survey respondent to provide authentication information as a response to the authenticating question;based on receiving, from the administrator device, an indication of a selection of the selectable option, generate, for display within the graphical space of the electronic survey template, the authenticating question comprising a response field to enable the survey respondent to input the authentication information; andproviding, by the one or more servers for ...

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09-05-2019 дата публикации

CONDUCTING DIGITAL SURVEYS UTILIZING VIRTUAL REALITY AND AUGMENTED REALITY DEVICES

Номер: US20190139318A1
Принадлежит:

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to generating, conducting, and reporting digital surveys utilizing augmented reality devices and/or virtual reality devices. In particular, in one or more embodiments, the disclosed systems and methods assist administrators in generating digital surveys utilizing interactive virtual environments via a virtual reality device and/or augmented reality elements via an augmented reality device. Similarly, the disclosed systems and methods can provide digital surveys via augmented reality devices and/or virtual reality devices, for instance, by monitoring user interactions via the augmented reality and/or virtual reality devices and providing digital surveys based on the monitored user interactions. Furthermore, the disclosed systems and methods can present survey results and allow administrators to interact with survey results utilizing augmented reality devices and/or virtual reality devices. 1. A method comprising:identifying a real-world environmental component from data received from an augmented reality device of a user;determining a digital survey related to the real-world environmental component based on identifying the real-world environmental component;providing, to the augmented reality device of the user, a digital survey results indicator corresponding to the digital survey relating to the real-world environmental component as an augmented reality element displayed in relation to the real-world environmental component; andbased on receiving an indication of a user interaction with the digital survey results indicator displayed in relation to the real-world environmental component, providing, to the augmented reality device and for presentation to the user, a survey results augmented reality element displayed in relation to the real-world environmental component, wherein the survey results augmented reality element comprises survey results related to the real-world environmental component.2. The method of ...

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11-09-2014 дата публикации

AUTOMATIC AD-HOC NETWORK CREATION AND COALESCING USING WPS

Номер: US20140258550A1
Принадлежит: Marvell International Ltd.

A device previously configured as a registrar and that has established an independent ad-hoc network is automatically discovered by another device also previously configured as a registrar. To form an ad-hoc wireless network between these two devices, each device periodically enters a scanning mode to scan for and intercept beacons transmitted by the other device. Upon such interception, one of the devices becomes an enrollee in accordance with a predefined condition and in response to a user selected option. Subsequently, the enrollee modifies its beacons to include an attribute, such as the MAC address, associated with the other device. After intercepting the modified beacon, the remaining registrar prompts it user to decide whether to allow the enrollee to join the registrar's network. If the user responds affirmatively, a handshake is performed between the two devices and a subsequent attempt is made by the enrollee to join the registrar's network.

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18-09-2014 дата публикации

SERVICE DISCOVERY METHODS

Номер: US20140269426A1
Принадлежит: MARVELL WORLD TRADE LTD.

Aspects of the disclosure provide a method for service discovery. The method includes receiving a first service advertisement by a first device. The first service advertisement includes at least a service of a second device. Further, the method include updating a service directory of the first device to include the service of the second device, and transmitting a second service advertisement by the first device. The second service advertisement includes at least the service of the second device, and can be used by a third device to effect use of the service of the second device. 1receiving a first service advertisement by a first device, the first service advertisement including at least a service of a second device;updating a service directory of the first device to include the service of the second device; andtransmitting a second service advertisement by the first device, the second service advertisement including at least the service of the second device, wherein the second service advertisement is used by a third device to effect use of the service of the second device.. A method for service discovery, comprising: This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/499,931, filed on Jul. 9, 2009, which claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/080,152, filed on Jul. 11, 2008. The disclosures of the applications referenced above are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.A wireless communication network can include various electronic devices. For example, the wireless communication network can include mobile devices, such as mobile phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), laptops, gaming consoles, and the like. In addition, the wireless communication network may include stationary devices, such as desktops, workstations, printers, scanners, and the like, that can be equipped with a wireless network interface card. These electronic devices can offer a variety of services, such as printing, ...

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06-08-2015 дата публикации

Method and apparatus to buy and sell items via a local area network

Номер: US20150221018A1
Принадлежит: MARVELL WORLD TRADE LTD

A wireless device capable of matching a user with content based on the user's proximity to other users, by searching for a match between profiles of wireless devices within a wireless coverage area. Wireless devices broadcast profiles within a wireless coverage area. Other wireless devices within the wireless coverage area receive the broadcasted profiles, determine a match between the received profile and a profile stored on the wireless device, and display a match indicator if a match is determined. In this manner, a user having a wireless device may be matched with content based on the user's proximity to other users.

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09-10-2014 дата публикации

Access point rotation for sharing power load

Номер: US20140304535A1
Принадлежит: MARVELL WORLD TRADE LTD

Aspects of the disclosure provide a method for sharing power load in a network. The method includes identifying a first device to serve as an AP of the network in a next time interval, providing network information from a second device that presently serves as the AP to the first device. When the first device starts to serve as the AP of the network, the second device can be configured to enter into a power save state in order to reduce power consumption by the second device in the next time interval.

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30-10-2014 дата публикации

DIRECT LINK SETUP MECHANISMS FOR WIRELESS LANs

Номер: US20140321297A1
Принадлежит: MARVELL WORLD TRADE LTD.

A client station including a communication circuit to communicate, via an infrastructure mode, with an access point in a basic service set; identify, based on signals transmitted by the access point, a plurality of client stations in the basic service set capable of communicating via a direct link setup mode; and during a predetermined time period, communicate, via the direct link setup mode, with the plurality of client stations; and a control circuit to, during the predetermined time period, determine strength of signals received from the plurality of client stations via the direct link setup mode, determine highest supportable data rates for communicating with the plurality of client stations via the direct link setup mode, and select, based on (i) the strength of the signals and (ii) the highest supportable data rates, one or more of the plurality of client stations for communicating via the direct link setup mode. 1. A client station comprising: communicate, via an infrastructure mode, with an access point in a basic service set,', 'identify, based on signals transmitted by the access point, a plurality of client stations in the basic service set capable of communicating via a direct link setup mode, and', 'during a predetermined time period, communicate, via the direct link setup mode, with the plurality of client stations; and, 'a communication circuit configured to'} determine strength of signals received from the plurality of client stations via the direct link setup mode,', 'determine highest supportable data rates for communicating with the plurality of client stations via the direct link setup mode, and', 'select, based on (i) the strength of the signals received from the plurality of client stations via the direct link setup mode and (ii) the highest supportable data rates, one or more of the plurality of client stations for communicating via the direct link setup mode., 'a control circuit configured to, during the predetermined time period,'}2. The ...

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25-10-2018 дата публикации

DISTRIBUTING ELECTRONIC SURVEYS TO PARTIES OF AN ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION

Номер: US20180308113A1
Принадлежит:

In one or more embodiments, systems and methods allow a user to easily create an electronic survey by simply including a survey system as a party in a communication (e.g., an email address associated with a survey system being included in a meeting invite). In addition, the systems and methods provide for distributing the created electronic survey to a user based on the user being included as a party within the communication (e.g., an email address associated with the user being included in the meeting invite). Accordingly, the systems and methods create an electronic survey, and distribute the electronic survey to parties of a communication based on a user including a survey system as a party of the communication. 1. A method comprising:receiving, at a survey system and from a client device associated with a sender user, an electronic communication comprising a survey system identifier corresponding to the survey system and a party identifier corresponding to a party of the electronic communication;in response to receiving the electronic communication, determining an electronic survey to provide to the party of the electronic communication; andproviding the party access to the electronic survey by utilizing the party identifier.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein providing the party access to the electronic survey by utilizing the party identifier comprises sending claim 1 , to a client device associated with the party claim 1 , a survey invitation communication comprising a link to a website that comprises the electronic survey.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the electronic communication and the survey invitation communication are a same type of communication that utilize a same communication platform.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the communication platform is an email communication platform claim 3 , the survey system identifier is an email address associated with a survey system claim 3 , and the party identifier is an email address associated with the ...

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17-10-2019 дата публикации

GENERATING CUSTOMIZED SURVEYS USING THIRD-PARTY SOCIAL NETWORKING INFORMATION

Номер: US20190318370A1
Автор: Kopikare Milind
Принадлежит:

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to customizing an electronic survey using social networking information. One or more embodiments of a survey system receive social networking information associated with a respondent from a third-party social networking system in connection with a request to provide a survey to a client device of the respondent. One or more embodiments of the survey system use the social networking information to determine a plurality of survey questions for the electronic survey. Additionally, one or more embodiments of the survey generate a customized electronic survey to include the plurality of survey questions and then provide the customized survey to the respondent's client device. 1. A computer-implemented method comprising:receiving, from a client device associated with a respondent, a request to provide an electronic survey to the client device;receiving, from a third-party social networking system, social networking information associated with the respondent;determining, by at least one processor and based on the social networking information, a plurality of electronic survey questions for the electronic survey;generating, by the at least one processor, a customized electronic survey comprising the plurality of electronic survey questions; andproviding, in response to the request, the customized electronic survey to the client device associated with the respondent.2. The computer-implemented method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising determining claim 1 , based on the social networking information claim 1 , a question flow indicating an order of the plurality of electronic questions in the customized electronic survey.3. The computer-implemented method as recited in claim 1 , wherein determining the plurality of electronic survey questions comprises:identifying a plurality of default electronic survey questions for the electronic survey; andmodifying the plurality of default electronic survey questions by adding an ...

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22-10-2020 дата публикации

GUIDING CREATION OF AN ELECTRONIC SURVEY

Номер: US20200335002A1
Принадлежит:

This disclosure generally covers systems and methods that provide guidance to create an electronic survey. In some embodiments, the systems and methods identify and provide a suggested survey topic—with a corresponding option to create an electronic survey—based on user input. In some embodiments, the systems and methods identify and provide one or more suggested electronic survey questions based on user input. In such embodiments, the systems and methods provide, for example, components of suggested electronic survey questions, previously composed and benchmarking electronic survey questions, or suggested revisions to electronic survey questions. In addition, the systems and methods can provide entire premade electronic surveys based on receiving user input from a survey administrator. 120-. (canceled)21. A method comprising:providing, by one or more servers that support an electronic survey service, a graphical user interface for presentation on an administrator client device, the graphical user interface comprising an electronic survey template for creating one or more electronic surveys;receiving, at the one or more servers, an electronic survey question based on user input entered within the electronic survey template;applying natural language processing to the electronic survey question to identify multiple negative words within the electronic survey question; andbased on identifying the multiple negative words, providing, by the one or more servers for presentation within an updated graphical user interface, a suggested revision rephrasing the electronic survey question.22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the user input entered within the electronic survey template comprises input composing the electronic survey question within the electronic survey template or input importing the electronic survey question into the electronic survey template.23. The method of claim 21 , wherein the suggested revision rephrasing the electronic survey question removes a ...

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15-03-2016 дата публикации

Discovery-phase power conservation

Номер: US9288764B1
Принадлежит: Marvell International Ltd

The present specification describes techniques and apparatuses that enable power conservation in a wireless network. In some cases these techniques and apparatuses enable power conservation during a discover phase and for a wireless network subject to a government mandate requiring a device of the network to passively search for radar transmission prior to establishing communication with another device of the network.

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14-06-2007 дата публикации

Coexistence system and method for wireless network devices

Номер: US20070135162A1
Принадлежит: Marvell International Ltd

A wireless network interface includes a component, a first sub-client module that operates using a first wireless protocol, and a second sub-client module that operates using a second wireless protocol. The first and second wireless protocols are different. The first and second sub-client modules share use of the component. A component sharing control module selectively transitions the first sub-client module into and out of a state to allow the second sub-client module to use the component during the state.

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11-04-2018 дата публикации

Service discovery methods

Номер: EP2319226B1
Принадлежит: MARVELL WORLD TRADE LTD

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29-10-2013 дата публикации

Method for discovering devices in a wireless network

Номер: US8570898B1
Принадлежит: Marvell International Ltd

In a peer-to-peer wireless communication network, a first device listens during an advertise state for polling signals from second devices on a first channel included in a plurality of channels. During the advertise state a response to a first polling signal transmitted by one of the second devices on the first channel is transmitted from the first device, if the first polling signal is received on the first channel during the advertise state. A second channel is selected at the first device from the plurality of channels for use during a search state of the first device. A second polling signal is transmitted with the first device, on the selected second channel during the search state. The first device listens during the search state for polling response signals on the selected second channel, the polling response signals responsive to the second polling signal.

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20-12-2022 дата публикации

Providing a conversational digital survey by generating digital survey questions based on digital survey responses

Номер: US11531998B2
Автор: Milind Kopikare
Принадлежит: Qualtrics LLC

The present disclosure is directed toward systems, methods, and non-transitory computer readable media for generating conversational survey questions. The systems and methods analyze a received survey question response to identify characteristics of a survey response, including topics and other response features. For example, the systems can determine a sentiment associated with a given product or service that a respondent expresses within a response. Based on the determined sentiment, and further based on a set of logic rules received from a survey administrator, the systems and methods generate provide conversational follow-up questions associated with the identified product or service.

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28-01-2010 дата публикации

Radar detection algorithm

Номер: US20100022213A1
Принадлежит: Chuong Vu, Hui Yao Lin, James Yee, Milind Kopikare

A system includes a radio frequency transceiver. A baseband processor includes an automatic gain control module. The automatic gain control module has a gain that changes from and subsequently returns to a predetermined value each time the radio frequency transceiver receives a radio frequency signal. The baseband processor is configured to selectively generate an interrupt signal each time a radio frequency signal is received based on a magnitude of the change in the gain of the automatic gain control module and a length of time in which the gain returns to the predetermined value. A control module is configured to identify a radio frequency signal received by the radio frequency transceiver as a radar signal in response to the baseband processor having generated a plurality of interrupt signals at substantially equal time intervals.

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06-09-2011 дата публикации

Antenna diversity system and method

Номер: US8014744B1
Принадлежит: Marvell International Ltd

A wireless network device includes a plurality of antennas for transmitting and receiving data packets. An antenna diversity module measures at least one of an average signal-to-noise ratio and a packet error rate associated with the data packets and selects a given antenna of the plurality of antennas based on at least one of the average signal-to-noise ratio and the packet error rate. The antenna diversity module measures a first average signal-to-noise ratio or a first packet error rate while utilizing a first antenna of the plurality of antennas, measures a second average signal-to-noise ratio or a second packet error rate while utilizing a second antenna of the plurality of antennas, and selects the given antenna based at least in part on a comparison of the first average signal-to-noise ratio to the second average signal-to-noise ratio or a comparison of the first packet error rate to the second packet error rate.

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14-04-2015 дата публикации

Power saving mode for access point

Номер: US9007975B2
Принадлежит: MARVELL WORLD TRADE LTD

An access point including a beacon module that determines a beacon interval and that defines a first portion and a second portion of the beacon interval during which the access point operates in a normal mode and a power save mode, respectively. On receiving a communication from a client station during the first portion, a control module does not transition the access point from the normal mode to the power save mode at an end of the first portion. If the communication is not received during the first portion, the control module transitions the access point from the normal mode to the power save mode at the end of the first portion and from the power save mode to the normal mode at an end of the second portion. A duration of the second portion is less than a scan time of the client station.

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14-01-2010 дата публикации

Service discovery methods

Номер: US20100010899A1
Принадлежит: MARVELL WORLD TRADE LTD

Aspects of the disclosure provide a method for service discovery. The method includes receiving a first service advertisement by a first device. The first service advertisement includes at least a service of a second device. Further, the method include updating a service directory of the first device to include the service of the second device, and transmitting a second service advertisement by the first device. The second service advertisement includes at least the service of the second device, and can be used by a third device to effect use of the service of the second device.

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16-04-2007 дата публикации

Radar detection apparatus and method thereof

Номер: TW200715879A
Принадлежит: MARVELL WORLD TRADE LTD

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15-12-2015 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for adjusting windows during which request signals to discover network devices are transmitted and corresponding responses are received

Номер: US9215657B1
Принадлежит: Marvell International Ltd

A first device includes a physical-layer device, an adjusting module, and a power module. The physical-layer device transmits, during each of first windows, a request signal from the first device to discover one or more network devices. The first windows occur during a first period of time. The physical-layer device receives responses to the request signal from network devices. Each of the responses is received during a respective one of the first windows. The adjusting module, based on the responses to the request signal, determines whether to adjust lengths of second windows or a number of the second windows to occur during a second period of time. The second period of time occurs subsequent to and is a same length as the first period of time. The power module, during each of the second windows, transitions the first device between being powered ON and being at least partially powered OFF.

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27-12-2016 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for maintaining a wireless local area network connection during a bluetooth inquiry phase or a bluetooth paging phase

Номер: US9532311B1
Принадлежит: Marvell International Ltd

In response to determining that a Bluetooth inquiry phase or the Bluetooth paging phase will begin, a power save indicator signal is sent from a first communication device to a second communication device prior to a start of the Bluetooth inquiry phase or the Bluetooth paging phase. A gap between a first Bluetooth communication slot and a second Bluetooth communication slot is determined, and a time period within the gap is determined, where an end of the time period occurs at a defined amount of time prior to a start of the second Bluetooth communication slot. During the time period, one or more power save poll messages are sent from the first communication device to the second communication device, each first power save poll message prompting the second communication device to transmit a respective first WLAN packet to the first communication device.

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01-01-2013 дата публикации

Coexistence system and method for wireless network devices

Номер: US8345652B2
Принадлежит: Marvell International Ltd

A network interface includes a radio frequency system and a media access controller. The media access controller includes first and second client modules and a control module. Each of the client modules wirelessly communicates with a network via the radio frequency system and the antenna. Each of the client modules is controllable to be in an active state or a sleep state. The control module determines priority levels of the first client module and the second client module. The control module also, based on the priority levels, (i) controls the first client module to be in the active state to permit communication between the first client module and the radio frequency system, and (ii) controls the second client module to be in the sleep state to prevent communication between the second client module and the radio frequency system.

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07-07-2020 дата публикации

Guiding creation of an electronic survey

Номер: US10706735B2
Принадлежит: Qualtrics LLC

This disclosure generally covers systems and methods that provide guidance to create an electronic survey. In some embodiments, the systems and methods identify and provide a suggested survey topic—with a corresponding option to create an electronic survey—based on user input. In some embodiments, the systems and methods identify and provide one or more suggested electronic survey questions based on user input. In such embodiments, the systems and methods provide, for example, components of suggested electronic survey questions, previously composed and benchmarking electronic survey questions, or suggested revisions to electronic survey questions. In addition, the systems and methods can provide entire premade electronic surveys based on receiving user input from a survey administrator.

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21-06-2007 дата публикации

Coexistence system and method for wireless network devices

Номер: WO2007070409A1
Принадлежит: MARVELL WORLD TRADE LTD.

A wireless network interface includes a component, a first sub-client module that operates using a first wireless protocol, and a second sub-client module that operates using a second wireless protocol. The first and second wireless protocols are different. The first and second sub-client modules share use of the component. A component sharing control module selectively transitions the first sub-client module into and out of a state to allow the second sub-client module to use the component during the state.

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29-04-2014 дата публикации

Client network device and method for adjusting parameters of client traffic windows based on discovery of other network devices

Номер: US8711825B1
Принадлежит: Marvell International Ltd

A client network device includes a physical-layer device, a parameter module, an adjusting module, and a power management module. The physical-layer device, during each client traffic window that occur within a predetermined period, (i) transmits, over a network, a request signal from the client network device to discover other network devices in the network, and (ii) receives, from one or more of the other network devices, corresponding responses to the request signal. The parameter module monitors a first parameter of the client network device. The adjusting module adjusts a second parameter based on the first parameter. The second parameter indicates a number of the client traffic windows to occur within the predetermined period. The power management module transitions the client network device from an active mode to a sleep mode between consecutive ones of the number of the client traffic windows that occur within the predetermined period.

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19-08-2009 дата публикации

Radar detection apparatus and method thereof

Номер: EP1752787A3
Принадлежит: MARVELL WORLD TRADE LTD

A wireless network device includes a signal receiving module that receives an RF signal, and a signal processing module that includes an automatic gain control (AGC) module and that generates control signals when a gain of the AGC module changes based on the RF signal. The network device includes a control module that selectively measures N time intervals between one of adjacent and non-adjacent control signals, wherein N is an integer greater than 1, and that selectively determines that the RF signal is a radar signal when the N time intervals are substantially equal.

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08-01-2019 дата публикации

Conducting digital surveys utilizing virtual reality and augmented reality devices

Номер: US10176640B2
Принадлежит: Qualtrics LLC

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to generating, conducting, and reporting digital surveys utilizing augmented reality devices and/or virtual reality devices. In particular, in one or more embodiments, the disclosed systems and methods assist administrators in generating digital surveys utilizing interactive virtual environments via a virtual reality device and/or augmented reality elements via an augmented reality device. Similarly, the disclosed systems and methods can provide digital surveys via augmented reality devices and/or virtual reality devices, for instance, by monitoring user interactions via the augmented reality and/or virtual reality devices and providing digital surveys based on the monitored user interactions. Furthermore, the disclosed systems and methods can present survey results and allow administrators to interact with survey results utilizing augmented reality devices and/or virtual reality devices.

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17-07-2008 дата публикации

Automatic ad-hoc network creation and coalescing using wps

Номер: US20080172491A1
Принадлежит: Marvell Semiconductor Inc

A device previously configured as a registrar and that has established an independent ad-hoc network is automatically discovered by another device also previously configured as a registrar. To form an ad-hoc wireless network between these two devices, each device periodically enters a scanning mode to scan for and intercept beacons transmitted by the other device. Upon such interception, one of the devices becomes an enrollee in accordance with a predefined condition and in response to a user selected option. Subsequently, the enrollee modifies its beacons to include an attribute, such as the MAC address, associated with the other device. After intercepting the modified beacon, the remaining registrar prompts it user to decide whether to allow the enrollee to join the registrar's network. If the user responds affirmatively, a handshake is performed between the two devices and a subsequent attempt is made by the enrollee to join the registrar's network.

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26-01-2010 дата публикации

Self-adaptive transmit power control for wireless network

Номер: US7653408B1
Принадлежит: Marvell International Ltd

A wireless network apparatus includes a receive circuit, a transmit circuit, and a processor. The receive circuit receives a first signal over a wireless link. The first signal represents packets of first data. The transmit circuit transmits a second signal over the wireless link at a power level indicated by a transmit power control signal. The second signal represents packets of second data. The processor determines a link quality of the wireless link based on the first signal. The processor selects one of a plurality of link quality thresholds based on the power level. The processor compares the link quality to the selected one of the plurality of link quality thresholds. The processor generates the transmit power control signal based on the comparison.

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03-10-2023 дата публикации

Generating customized surveys using third-party social networking information

Номер: US11775993B2
Автор: Milind Kopikare
Принадлежит: Qualtrics LLC

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to customizing an electronic survey using social networking information. One or more embodiments of a survey system receive social networking information associated with a respondent from a third-party social networking system in connection with a request to provide a survey to a client device of the respondent. One or more embodiments of the survey system use the social networking information to determine a plurality of survey questions for the electronic survey. Additionally, one or more embodiments of the survey generate a customized electronic survey to include the plurality of survey questions and then provide the customized survey to the respondent's client device.

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26-06-2008 дата публикации

Wifi based geo-location connectivity

Номер: WO2008027914B1

A wireless device capable of matching a user with content based on the user's proximity to other users, by searching for a match between profiles of wireless devices within a wireless coverage area. Wireless devices broadcast profiles within a wireless coverage area. Other wireless devices within the wireless coverage area receive the broadcasted profiles, determine a match between the received profile and a profile stored on the wireless device, and display a match indicator if a match is determined. In this manner, a user having a wireless device may be matched with content based on the user's proximity to other users.

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15-10-2024 дата публикации

Distributing electronic surveys through a messenger platform

Номер: US12118576B2
Принадлежит: Qualtrics LLC

The present disclosure is directed toward systems and methods generating a survey response based on an analysis of a communication provided by a user. The systems and methods may include receiving a data package sent in response to detecting a trigger event performed by a user, analyzing the data package to determine a user identification for the user, a user input, or an event type, and based on the analysis of the data package, identifying a first survey inquiry within a first electronic survey. Furthermore, the systems and methods may include formatting the first survey inquiry in an instant messenger format, providing, via an instant messenger platform, the formatted first survey inquiry to an instant messenger communication thread associated with the user, receiving an instant message response, and based on the instant message response, generating a survey response to the first survey inquiry.

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14-11-2017 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for negotiating device roles in a wireless network

Номер: US09820333B1
Принадлежит: Marvell International Ltd

A first device transmits a first packet to a second device, the first packet including a first value indicative of a priority for the first device to become a master in a peer-to-peer (P2P) wireless communication network. The first device receives a second packet transmitted by the second device, wherein the second packet includes a second value indicative of a priority for the second device to become the master in the P2P wireless communication network. The first device compares the first value with the second value, and determines whether the first device is to become the master or a client in the P2P wireless communication network based on the comparison of the first value with the second value.

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16-05-2017 дата публикации

Discovery-phase power conservation

Номер: US09655041B1
Принадлежит: Marvell International Ltd

The present specification describes techniques and apparatuses that enable power conservation in a wireless network. In some cases these techniques and apparatuses enable power conservation during a discovery phase and for a wireless network subject to a government mandate requiring a device of the network to passively search for radar transmission prior to establishing communication with another device of the network.

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14-03-2017 дата публикации

Power saving technique for a wireless device

Номер: US09596649B1
Принадлежит: Marvell International Ltd

A system and method are disclosed for decreasing the amount of power consumed by a data transmitter in a wireless device when transmitting media (audio and/or visual) data or other data received from a media source or other source. A transmission circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or WLAN chip, is configured to deactivate the data transmitter for a deactivation interval and aggregate the media data (or other consistent-rate data) in a buffer while the data transmitter is deactivated. At the end of the deactivation interval, the data transmitter is activated and the aggregated data packets are transmitted. The data transmitter may be repetitively deactivated and activated for transmitting the data. The deactivation interval may be based on the data sampling rate, the transmission rate of the data transmitter, the capacity of the buffer, and/or other factors.

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13-09-2016 дата публикации

Automatic Ad-Hoc network creation and coalescing using WPS

Номер: US09444874B2
Принадлежит: Marvell International Ltd

A device previously configured as a registrar and that has established an independent ad-hoc network is automatically discovered by another device also previously configured as a registrar. To form an ad-hoc wireless network between these two devices, each device periodically enters a scanning mode to scan for and intercept beacons transmitted by the other device. Upon such interception, one of the devices becomes an enrollee in accordance with a predefined condition and in response to a user selected option. Subsequently, the enrollee modifies its beacons to include an attribute, such as the MAC address, associated with the other device. After intercepting the modified beacon, the remaining registrar prompts it user to decide whether to allow the enrollee to join the registrar's network. If the user responds affirmatively, a handshake is performed between the two devices and a subsequent attempt is made by the enrollee to join the registrar's network.

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16-08-2016 дата публикации

Antenna diversity system and method

Номер: US09419697B1
Принадлежит: Marvell International Ltd

A system including a diversity module and an antenna selection module. The diversity module is configured to measure i) a first signal-to-noise ratio and a first error rate for a first signal received via a first antenna, and ii) a second signal-to-noise ratio and a second error rate for a second signal received via a second antenna. The antenna selection is module configured to select the first antenna or the second antenna by comparing i) the first signal-to-noise ratio to the second signal-to-noise ratio, and ii) the first error rate to the second error rate.

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21-06-2016 дата публикации

Power save mechanisms for dynamic ad-hoc networks

Номер: US09374785B1
Принадлежит: Marvell International Ltd

Techniques for establishing a dynamic ad-hoc wireless network are disclosed. A node transitions between wake and sleep modes during periods defined as beacon intervals. Before a network connection is established and while it is awake, the node transmits network connection request and also listens for network activity. If a beacon or response message is not detected while the node is listening, the node enters sleep mode and thereby conserves power. The node optionally changes the duration of its detection period and/or the time at which it listens for network activity relative to the start of each beacon interval. Information elements are optionally included with transmitted beacons or response messages.

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