Method of isomerizing alpha-olefins to linear internal olefins with minimal skeletal isomerization using nickel supported on silica/alumina catalysts

Methods of preparation of an olefin oligomerization catalyst

A method of making an olefin oligomerization catalyst, comprising contacting a chromium-containing compound, a heteroatomic ligand, and a metal alkyl, wherein the chromium-containing compound comprises less than about 5 weight percent chromium oligomers. A method of making an olefin oligomerization catalyst comprising a chromium-containing compound, a nitrogen-containing compound, and a metal alkyl, the method comprising adding a composition comprising the chromium-containing compound to a composition comprising the metal alkyl. A method of making an olefin oligomerization catalyst comprising a chromium-containing compound, a nitrogen-containing compound, and a metal alkyl, the method comprising abating all or a portion of water, acidic protons, or both from a composition comprising the chromium-containing compound, a composition comprising the nitrogen-containing compound, or combinations thereof prior to or during the preparation of the catalyst. Methods of oligomerizing olefins by contacting such catalysts with an alpha olefin.

Oligomerization of Alpha Olefins Using Metallocene-SSA Catalyst Systems and Use of the Resultant Polyalphaolefins to Prepare Lubricant Blends

This disclosure provides for alpha olefin oligomers and polyalphaolefins (or PAOs) and methods of making the alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs. This disclosure encompasses metallocene-based alpha olefin oligomerization catalyst systems, including those that include at least one metallocene and an activator comprising a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion. The alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs prepared with these catalyst systems can have a high viscosity index combined with a low pour point, making them particularly useful in lubricant compositions and as viscosity modifiers. 150-. (canceled)51. An oligomerization method comprising:{'sub': 4', '20, 'claim-text': 1) a metallocene,', '2) a first activator comprising a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion, and', {'sup': 10', '11', '10', '11, 'sub': n', '3-n', '1', '20', '1', '20, '3) a second activator comprising an organoaluminum compound having a formula: Al(X)(X), wherein Xis independently a Cto Chydrocarbyl, Xis independently a halide, a hydride, or a Cto Chydrocarboxide, and n is a number from 1 to 3; and'}], 'a) contacting a Cto Calpha olefin monomer and a catalyst system, the catalyst system comprisingb) forming an oligomer product under oligomerization conditions.52. The oligomerization method of claim 51 , wherein the solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion comprises a fluorided solid oxide.53. The oligomerization method of claim 51 , wherein the solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion comprises a sulfated solid oxide.54. The oligomerization method of claim 51 , wherein the second activator comprises a trialkylaluminum claim 51 , an alkylaluminum sesquihalide claim 51 , an alkylaluminum halide claim 51 , or any combination thereof.55. The oligomerization method of claim 51 , wherein:{'sub': 6', '16, 'the alpha olefin monomer comprises a Cto Cnormal alpha olefin;'}the solid oxide chemically-treated with an ...

Oligomerization of alpha olefins using metallocene-SSA catalyst systems and use of the resultant polyalphaolefins to prepare lubricant blends

Methods for making alpha olefin oligomers and polyalphaolefins include a step of contacting a C 4 to C 20 alpha olefin monomer and a catalyst system containing a metallocene, a first activator comprising a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion, and a second activator comprising an organoaluminum compound. The alpha olefin oligomers and polyalphaolefins prepared with these catalyst systems can have a high viscosity index combined with a low pour point, making them particularly useful in lubricant compositions and as viscosity modifiers.

Process for the removal of conjugated olefins from a monoolefin stream

A method for removing conjugated olefins from a composition comprising contacting the composition with a Diels-Alder dienophile to convert conjugated olefins to a Diels-Alder adduct and arresting the Diels-Alder adduct. A method comprising confining a Diels-Alder dienophile to a first side of a selectively permeable barrier wherein the barrier is more permeable to conjugated olefins and less permeable to Diels-Alder dienophile and Diels-Alder adduct, and contacting a composition comprising mono-olefins and conjugated olefins with the Diels-Alder dienophile to form Diels-Alder adduct, wherein the contacting reduces the concentration of conjugated olefins in the composition. A method for removing conjugated olefins from a composition comprising bubbling the composition through a liquid comprising Diels-Alder dienophile to form a liquid comprising Diels-Alder adduct. A method for removing conjugated olefins from a non-solid composition comprising contacting the composition with a solid comprising Diels-Alder dienophile to form a solid comprising Diels-Alder adduct.

Narrow cut waxes and method of making

A method of producing a wax composition having a constrained carbon number distribution and/or a narrow melting range is described. Additionally, hydrocarbon waxes and hydrocarbon wax compositions having a constrained carbon number distribution and/or melting point are described.

OLIGOMERIZATION OF OLEFIN WAXES USING METALLOCENE-BASED CATALYST SYSTEMS

This disclosure provides for olefin wax oligomer compositions, methods of producing olefin wax oligomer composition, and methods for oligomerizing olefin waxes. This disclosure encompasses metallocene-based olefin wax oligomerization catalyst systems, including those that include a metallocene and an aluminoxane, a metallocene and a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion, and a metallocene, a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion, and an organoaluminum compound. The olefin wax oligomers prepared with these catalyst systems can decreased needle penetrations, increased viscosity, and an increased drop melt, making them useful as an additive in candles, stone polishes, liquid polishes, and mold release formulations.

Preparation of an Olefin Oligomerization Catalyst

This disclosure provides for new catalyst systems and new methods for preparing and using the catalyst systems for generating a trimerization product. In an aspect, the new catalyst systems comprise a chromium carboxylate that is prepared by anhydrous metathesis. In another aspect, the catalyst system comprise a chromium carboxylate that is prepared by anhydrous metathesis and a metal pyrrolide compound. The catalyst systems imparts improved performance and/or reduced catalyst system cost to an olefin trimerization process. 1. A composition comprising:{'sub': 3', '25, 'claim-text': [{'sub': asym', '2', 'sym', '2', 'asym', '2, 'sup': −1', '−1', '−1, 'i) having a KBr pellet infrared spectrum with a υ(CO) infrared absorbance peak within 110 cmof the υ(CO) infrared peak and having an infrared absorbance peak height ratio of a υ(CO) infrared absorbance peak at 1516±15 cmto infrared absorbance peak located at 700±50 cmgreater than or equal to 3:1,'}, {'sup': '2', 'sub': 3', '25, 'ii) having a goodness of fit test value, R, of at least 0.6 when comparing high-energy X-ray diffraction g(r) data points of the chromium(III) C-Ccarboxylate composition to calculated high energy X-ray diffraction g(r) data points of a theoretical model of mononuclear chromium(III) acetate over an r range from 1.3 Angstroms to 4 Angstroms, or'}, [{'sub': 3', 'l', '2', '10', '2', '10', '2', '5', '1', '30', '3', '30, '1) a chromium(III) precursor having a formula CrXLwhere each X independently is a halide, each L independently is a C-Cether, a C-Cthioether, a C-Cnitrile, a C-Camine, or a C-Cphosphine, or any combination thereof, and l ranges from 0 to 7,'}, {'sub': 3', '25, '2) a Group 1 or Group 2 metal C-Ccarboxylate, and'}, '3) a first solvent;, 'contacting under substantially anhydrous and substantially acid-free conditions'}, 'iii) produced by a process comprising'}], 'a) a chromium(III) C-Ccarboxylate composition'}b) a pyrrole compound; andc) a metal hydrocarbyl compound.2. The composition of ...

Processes for the Synthesis of Gamma Nitrocarbonyl and Gamma Dicarbonyl Compounds and Their Pyrrole Derivatives

The present invention discloses processes for producing -nitrocarbonyl and -dicarbonyl compounds, which can be precursors in the synthesis of pyrrole compounds. A process for producing pyrroles such as 2,5-dimethylpyrrole, and structurally similar pyrrole compounds, is also disclosed.

Methods of Preparation of an Olefin Oligomerization Catalyst

A method of making a catalyst for use in oligomerizing an olefin comprising a chromium-containing compound, a pyrrole-containing compound, a metal alkyl, a halide-containing compound, and optionally a solvent, the method comprising contacting a composition comprising the chromium-containing compound and a composition comprising the metal alkyl, wherein the composition comprising the chromium-containing compound is added to the composition comprising the metal alkyl.

Process for dimerizing olefins

Preparation of transition metal carboxylates

This disclosure provides a process for making transition metal carboxylate compositions by combining in an polar aprotic first solvent a transition metal precursor and a Group 1 or Group 2 metal carboxylate under substantially acid-free and substantially anhydrous conditions, to generate a mixture comprising the transition metal carboxylate composition. Optionally, the transition metal carboxylate composition can be purified, for example, by substantially removing the first solvent provide a residue comprising the transition metal carboxylate composition, and also optionally, further by extracting the transition metal carboxylate composition from the residue with a non-coordinating second solvent to provide an extract comprising the transition metal carboxylate composition.

Methods of preparation of an olefin oligomerization catalyst

A method of making a catalyst for use in oligomerizing an olefin comprising a chromium-containing compound, a pyrrole-containing compound, a metal alkyl, a halide-containing compound, and optionally a solvent, the method comprising contacting a composition comprising the chromium-containing compound and a composition comprising the metal alkyl, wherein the composition comprising the chromium-containing compound is added to the composition comprising the metal alkyl.

Preparation of an olefin oligomerization catalyst

This disclosure provides for new catalyst systems and new methods for preparing and using the catalyst systems for generating a trimerization product. In an aspect, the new catalyst systems comprise a chromium carboxylate that is prepared by anhydrous metathesis. In another aspect, the catalyst system comprise a chromium carboxylate that is prepared by anhydrous metathesis and a metal pyrrolide compound. The catalyst systems imparts improved performance and/or reduced catalyst system cost to an olefin trimerization process.

OLEFIN OLIGOMERIZATIONS USING CHEMICALLY-TREATED SOLID OXIDES

Disclosed is a polyalphaolefin made up of hydrogenated oligomers. The oligomers include at least 80 wt. % of a Cto Cnormal alpha olefin monomer. The polyalphaolefin has a viscosity index greater than or equal to 110 and a kinematic viscosity at −40° C. of less than or equal to 1750 cSt. 1. A polyalphaolefin consisting essentially of hydrogenated oligomers , the oligomers comprising at least 80 wt. % of a Cto Cnormal alpha olefin monomer , wherein the polyalphaolefin has a viscosity index greater than or equal to 110 and a kinematic viscosity at −40° C. of less than or equal to 1750 cSt.216. The polyalphaolefin of claim , wherein the oligomers comprise at least 92.5 wt. % of a Cto Cnormal alpha olefin monomer.316. The polyalphaolefin of claim , wherein:the viscosity index is in a range from 110 to 125; andthe kinematic viscosity at −40° C. is in a range from 1300 to 1700 cSt.416. The polyalphaolefin of claim , wherein the polyalphaolefin has a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. in a range from 9 to 15 cSt.516. The polyalphaolefin of claim , wherein the polyalphaolefin has a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. in a range from 1.8 to 12 cSt.6. The polyalphaolefin of claim 1 , wherein:the viscosity index is in a range from 110 to 150; andthe kinematic viscosity at −40° C. is in a range from 1200 to 1750 cSt.7. The polyalphaolefin of claim 6 , wherein the polyalphaolefin has a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. in a range from 9 to 18 cSt.8. The polyalphaolefin of claim 6 , wherein the polyalphaolefin has a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. in a range from 1.8 to 10.4 cSt.9. The polyalphaolefin of claim 6 , wherein the viscosity index is in a range from 112 to 150.10. A process comprising:{'sub': 12', '16, '(i) introducing a monomer comprising a Cto Colefin and a chemically-treated solid oxide into a reaction zone, the chemically-treated solid oxide comprising sulfated alumina; and'}(ii) oligomerizing the monomer to form an oligomer product in the reaction zone.11. The process of claim 10 ...

Methods of Preparation of an Olefin Oligomerization Catalyst

A method of making a catalyst for use in oligomerizing an olefin comprising a chromium-containing compound, a pyrrole-containing compound, a metal alkyl, a halide-containing compound, and optionally a solvent, the method comprising contacting a composition comprising the chromium-containing compound and a composition comprising the metal alkyl, wherein the composition comprising the chromium-containing compound is added to the composition comprising the metal alkyl. 1. A method of making a catalyst for use in oligomerizing an olefin , the catalyst comprising a chromium-containing compound , a pyrrole-containing compound , a metal alkyl , a halide-containing compound , and optionally a solvent , the method comprising: abating all or a portion of water from a composition comprising the chromium-containing compound by contacting the composition comprising the chromium-containing compound with an azeotropic solvent to form a solution and subjecting the solution to an azeotropic distillation.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the azeotropic solvent comprises an aromatic compound claim 1 , a halogenated compound claim 1 , a paraffin claim 1 , or combinations thereof.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the aromatic compound comprises benzene claim 2 , toluene claim 2 , ethylbenzene claim 2 , mixed xylenes claim 2 , ortho-xylene claim 2 , meta-xylene claim 2 , para-xylene claim 2 , or combinations thereof.4112. The method of claim 1 , wherein the azeotropic solvent comprises ethylbenzene claim 1 , benzene claim 1 , meta-xylene claim 1 , ortho-xylene claim 1 , para-xylene claim 1 , mixed xylenes claim 1 , toluene claim 1 , octane claim 1 , nonane claim 1 , heptane claim 1 , hexane claim 1 , mixed hexanes claim 1 , cyclohexane claim 1 , carbon tetrachloride claim 1 , chloroform claim 1 , dichloromethane claim 1 , claim 1 , claim 1 , trichloroethane claim 1 , or combinations thereof.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of water removed is monitored by infrared analysis ...

Preparation of Transition Metal Carboxylates

This disclosure provides a process for making transition metal carboxylate compositions by combining in an polar aprotic first solvent a transition metal precursor and a Group 1 or Group 2 metal carboxylate under substantially acid-free and substantially anhydrous conditions, to generate a mixture comprising the transition metal carboxylate composition. Optionally, the transition metal carboxylate composition can be purified, for example, by substantially removing the first solvent provide a residue comprising the transition metal carboxylate composition, and also optionally, further by extracting the transition metal carboxylate composition from the residue with a non-coordinating second solvent to provide an extract comprising the transition metal carboxylate composition. 2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the transition metal precursor has the formula MXLwhere Mis a transition metal in the x oxidation state and x is an integer from 1 to 6; each X independently is a monoanionic ligand; each L independently is a neutral ligand; and l is an integer from 0 to 7.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein Mis Ti claim 1 , Zr claim 1 , V claim 1 , Nb claim 1 , Cr claim 1 , Mn claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , Co or Cu.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein each X independently is a halide claim 1 , nitrate claim 1 , sulfate claim 1 , or phosphate and each L independently is a C-Cether claim 1 , a C-Cthioether claim 1 , a C-Cnitrile claim 1 , a C-Camine claim 1 , a C-Cphosphine claim 1 , or any combination thereof.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the Group 1 or Group 2 metal carboxylate has the formula (M)[(OC)R]where Mis a Group 1 or Group 2 metal; (OC)Ris a C-Ccarboxylate where r is an integer from 1 to 4 and Ris a hydrocarbon group or a substituted hydrocarbon group; q is r divided by the greatest common divisor of r and the oxidation state of M; and s is the oxidation state of Mdivided by the greatest common divisor of r and the oxidation state of M.6. The composition ...

Methods of preparation of an olefin oligomerization catalyst

A method of making a catalyst for use in oligomerizing an olefin comprising a chromium-containing compound, a pyrrole-containing compound, a metal alkyl, a halide-containing compound, and optionally a solvent, the method comprising contacting a composition comprising the chromium-containing compound and a composition comprising the metal alkyl, wherein the composition comprising the chromium-containing compound is added to the composition comprising the metal alkyl.

Process for dimerizing olefins

A method of dimerizing alpha-olefins to mostly linear internal olefin dimers using as a catalyst a transition metal complex with an activating co-catalyst.

Oligomerization of alpha olefins using metallocene-SSA catalyst systems and use of the resultant polyalphaolefins to prepare lubricant blends

This disclosure provides for alpha olefin oligomers and polyalphaolefins (or PAOs) and methods of making the alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs. This disclosure encompasses metallocene-based alpha olefin oligomerization catalyst systems, including those that include at least one metallocene and an activator comprising a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion. The alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs prepared with these catalyst systems can have a high viscosity index combined with a low pour point, making them particularly useful in lubricant compositions and as viscosity modifiers.

PROCESSES FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF GAMMA NITROCARBONYL AND GAMMA DICARBONYL COMPOUNDS AND THEIR PYRROLE DERIVATIVES

The present invention discloses processes for producing -nitrocarbonyl and -dicarbonyl compounds, which can be precursors in the synthesis of pyrrole compounds. A process for producing pyrroles such as 2,5-dimethylpyrrole, and structurally similar pyrrole compounds, is also disclosed.

Preparation of Transition Metal Carboxylates

This disclosure provides a process for making transition metal carboxylate compositions by combining in an polar aprotic first solvent a transition metal precursor and a Group 1 or Group 2 metal carboxylate under substantially acid-free and substantially anhydrous conditions, to generate a mixture comprising the transition metal carboxylate composition. Optionally, the transition metal carboxylate composition can be purified, for example, by substantially removing the first solvent provide a residue comprising the transition metal carboxylate composition, and also optionally, further by extracting the transition metal carboxylate composition from the residue with a non-coordinating second solvent to provide an extract comprising the transition metal carboxylate composition. 1. A transition metal carboxylate composition produced by the process comprising: [{'sup': B', 'm', 'c', 'a, 'sub': y1', 'x1', 'l', 'q', 'm1', 'm2, 'claim-text': [{'sup': 'B', 'Mis a transition metal in the +x oxidation state where x is an integer from +1 to +6;'}, 'each X independently is an anionic ligand having charge y where y is an integer from −3 to −1;', 'each L independently is a neutral ligand;', 'l is an integer from 0 to 7;', 'm is an integer from −4 to 4;', 'm=(y*x1)+(x*y1);', 'C is a cationic species having a charge c and c is an integer from +1 to +3;', 'A is an anionic species having a charge a and a is an integer from −1 to −3;', 'when m<0, |m*q|=c*m1 and m2=0;', 'when m=0, m1=0 and m=0; and', 'when m>0, m*q=|a*m2| and m1=0,, '1) a transition metal precursor having the formula [((M)XL)][C][A]where'}, {'sub': 3', '25, '2) a Group 1 or Group 2 metal C-Ccarboxylate, and'}, '3) a first solvent, 'contacting under substantially anhydrous and substantially acid-free conditions'}to form a transition metal carboxylate.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the transition metal precursor has the formula MXLwhere Mis a transition metal in the x oxidation state and x is an integer from 1 to ...

Olefin waxes having improved hardness or viscosity

In one embodiment, we disclose hardened olefin waxes and processes for preparing them. In another embodiment, we disclose oxidized olefin waxes having low viscosity and processes for preparing them. The waxes are suitable for use as polishes, coatings, or inks, among other uses.

Olefin Oligomerizations Using Chemically-Treated Solid Oxides

The present invention discloses processes for oligomerizing a monomer containing Cto Colefins using a chemically-treated solid oxide, such as fluorided silica-coated alumina and fluorided-chlorided silica-coated alumina. 111-. (canceled)12. A process comprising:{'sub': 12', '16, '(i) introducing a monomer comprising a Cto Colefin and a chemically-treated solid oxide into a reaction zone, the chemically-treated solid oxide comprising sulfated alumina; and'}(ii) oligomerizing the monomer to form an oligomer product in the reaction zone.13. The process of claim 13 , wherein the oligomer product comprises from 30 to 98 wt. % dimers and/or a weight ratio of dimers to trimers in the oligomer product is from 2:1 to 6:1.14. The process of claim 13 , wherein the oligomer product comprises from 55 to 95 wt. % dimers and/or a weight ratio of dimers to trimers in the oligomer product is from 1.5:1 to 8:1.15. (canceled)16. A polyalphaolefin comprising hydrogenated oligomers of a Cto Colefin claim 13 , wherein the polyalphaolefin has a viscosity index greater than or equal to 110 and a kinematic viscosity at −40° C. of less than or equal to 1750 cSt.17. The polyalphaolefin of claim 16 , wherein:the viscosity index is in a range from 110 to 125; andthe kinematic viscosity at −40° C. is in a range from 1300 to 1700 cSt.18. The polyalphaolefin of claim 16 , wherein the polyalphaolefin has a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. in a range from 9 to 15 cSt.19. The polyalphaolefin of claim 16 , wherein the polyalphaolefin has a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. in a range from 1.8 to 12 cSt.20. The polyalphaolefin of claim 16 , wherein the polyalphaolefin comprises hydrogenated dimers and trimers of 1-dodecene and has a weight ratio of C:Csaturated hydrocarbons in a range from 2:1 to 6:1.21. The polyalphaolefin of claim 16 , wherein:the viscosity index is in a range from 110 to 150; andthe kinematic viscosity at −40° C. is in a range from 1200 to 1750 cSt.22. The polyalphaolefin of claim 21 , ...

Olefin oligomerizations using chemically-treated solid oxides

Oligomerization processes include the steps of introducing a monomer containing a C 3 to C 30 olefin and a chemically-treated solid oxide into a reaction zone, and oligomerizing the monomer to form an oligomer product in the reaction zone. Fluorided silica-coated alumina and fluorided-chlorided silica-coated alumina are illustrative chemically-treated solid oxides that can be used in the oligomerization processes.

Methods for the conversion of a substituted furan to a substituted pyrrole

The present invention discloses processes for producing substituted pyrrole compounds, such as 2,5-disubstituted pyrroles. Synthetic processes which directly convert substituted furan compounds to substituted pyrrole compounds, via a reaction of the substituted furan compound with ammonia and/or an ammonium salt in the presence of a catalyst, also are described.

Olefin Oligomerizations Using Chemically-Treated Solid Oxides

Oligomerization processes include the steps of introducing a monomer containing a Cto Colefin and a chemically-treated solid oxide into a reaction zone, and oligomerizing the monomer to form an oligomer product in the reaction zone. Fluorided silica-coated alumina and fluorided-chlorided silica-coated alumina are illustrative chemically-treated solid oxides that can be used in the oligomerization processes. 1. A process comprising:{'sub': 3', '30, '(i) introducing a monomer comprising a Cto Colefin and a chemically-treated solid oxide into a reaction zone, the chemically-treated solid oxide comprising a silica-coated alumina treated with an electron-withdrawing anion; and'}(ii) oligomerizing the monomer to form an oligomer product in the reaction zone;wherein the oligomerizing step is conducted in the substantial absence of organoaluminum compounds and the absence of metallocene compounds; andwherein the oligomer product comprises at least 30 wt. % dimers.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the chemically-treated solid oxide comprises fluorided silica-coated alumina.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein a conversion of the monomer to the oligomer product is greater than that of a comparable process using sulfated alumina claim 2 , under the same oligomerization conditions.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the chemically-treated solid oxide comprises fluorided-chlorided silica-coated alumina.5. The process of claim 4 , wherein a conversion of the monomer to the oligomer product is greater than that of a comparable process using sulfated alumina claim 4 , under the same oligomerization conditions.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein:the silica-coated alumina comprises from 20 to 45 wt. % silica, based on the weight of the silica-coated alumina; andthe electron-withdrawing anion comprises sulfate, fluoride, chloride, or any combination thereof.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the monomer comprises at least 75 wt. % Cto Calpha olefins.8. The process of claim 1 , ...

Oligomerization of alpha olefins using metallocene-SSA catalyst systems and use of the resultant polyalphaolefins to prepare lubricant blends

This disclosure provides for alpha olefin oligomers and polyalphaolefins (or PAOs) and methods of making the alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs. This disclosure encompasses metallocene-based alpha olefin oligomerization catalyst systems, including those that include at least one metallocene and an activator comprising a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion. The alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs prepared with these catalyst systems can have a high viscosity index combined with a low pour point, making them particularly useful in lubricant compositions and as viscosity modifiers.

OLIGOMERIZATION OF ALPHA OLEFINS USING METALLOCENE-SSA CATALYST SYSTEMS AND USE OF THE RESULTANT POLYALPHAOLEFINS TO PREPARE LUBRICANT BLENDS

This disclosure provides for alpha olefin oligomers and polyalphaolefins (or PAOs) and methods of making the alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs. This disclosure encompasses metallocene-based alpha olefin oligomerization catalyst systems, including those that include at least one metallocene and an activator comprising a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion. The alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs prepared with these catalyst systems can have a high viscosity index combined with a low pour point, making them particularly useful in lubricant compositions and as viscosity modifiers.

Oligomerization of alpha olefins in the presence of carboxylic acids

In process for the oligomerization of an alphaolefin, a carboxylic acid modifier, such as acetic acid, is used to increase the amount of trimer and tetramer in the product.

Methods of Preparation of an Olefin Oligomerization Catalyst

A method of making a catalyst for use in oligomerizing an olefin comprising a chromium-containing compound, a pyrrole-containing compound, a metal alkyl, a halide-containing compound, and optionally a solvent, the method comprising contacting a composition comprising the chromium-containing compound and a composition comprising the metal alkyl, wherein the composition comprising the chromium-containing compound is added to the composition comprising the metal alkyl. 1. A method of making a catalyst for use in oligomerizing an olefin , the catalyst comprising a chromium-containing compound , a pyrrole-containing compound , a metal alkyl , a halide-containing compound , and optionally a solvent , the method comprising: abating all or a portion of water from a composition comprising the chromium-containing compound by contacting the composition comprising the chromium-containing compound with an azeotropic solvent to form a solution and subjecting the solution to an azeotropic distillation.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the azeotropic solvent comprises an aromatic compound claim 1 , a halogenated compound claim 1 , a paraffin claim 1 , or combinations thereof.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the aromatic compound comprises benzene claim 2 , toluene claim 2 , ethylbenzene claim 2 , mixed xylenes claim 2 , ortho-xylene claim 2 , meta-xylene claim 2 , para-xylene claim 2 , or combinations thereof.4112. The method of claim 1 , wherein the azeotropic solvent comprises ethylbenzene claim 1 , benzene claim 1 , meta-xylene claim 1 , ortho-xylene claim 1 , para-xylene claim 1 , mixed xylenes claim 1 , toluene claim 1 , octane claim 1 , nonane claim 1 , heptane claim 1 , hexane claim 1 , mixed hexanes claim 1 , cyclohexane claim 1 , carbon tetrachloride claim 1 , chloroform claim 1 , dichloromethane claim 1 , claim 1 , claim 1 , trichloroethane claim 1 , or combinations thereof.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of water removed is monitored by infrared analysis ...

Methods of preparation of an olefin oligomerization catalyst

A method of making a catalyst for use in oligomerizing an olefin comprising a chromium-containing compound, a pyrrole-containing compound, a metal alkyl, a halide-containing compound, and optionally a solvent, the method comprising contacting a composition comprising the chromium-containing compound and a composition comprising the metal alkyl, wherein the composition comprising the chromium-containing compound is added to the composition comprising the metal alkyl.

Olefin Waxes Having Improved Hardness or Viscosity

In one embodiment, we disclose hardened olefin waxes and processes for preparing them. In another embodiment, we disclose oxidized olefin waxes having low viscosity and processes for preparing them. The waxes are suitable for use as polishes, coatings, or inks, among other uses.

Processes for the synthesis of nitrocarbonyl and dicarbonyl compounds and their pyrrole derivatives

The present invention discloses processes for producing -nitrocarbonyl and -dicarbonyl compounds, which can be precursors in the synthesis of pyrrole compounds. A process for producing pyrroles such as 2,5-dimethylpyrrole, and structurally similar pyrrole compounds, is also disclosed.

Oligomerization of Alpha Olefins Using Metallocene-SSA Catalyst Systems and Use of the Resultant Polyalphaolefins to Prepare Lubricant Blends

This disclosure provides for alpha olefin oligomers and polyalphaolefins (or PAOs) and methods of making the alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs. This disclosure encompasses metallocene-based alpha olefin oligomerization catalyst systems, including those that include at least one metallocene and an activator comprising a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion. The alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs prepared with these catalyst systems can have a high viscosity index combined with a low pour point, making them particularly useful in lubricant compositions and as viscosity modifiers. 1. An oligomerization method , comprising:{'sub': 4', '20, 'claim-text': 1) a metallocene,', '2) a first activator comprising a chemically-treated solid oxide, and', {'sup': 10', '11', '10', '11, 'sub': n', '3−n', '1', '20', '1', '20, '3) a second activator comprising an organoaluminum compound having a formula: Al(X)(X)wherein Xis independently a Cto Chydrocarbyl, Xis independently a halide, a hydride, or a Cto Chydrocarboxide, and n is a number from 1 to 3; and'}], 'a) contacting a Cto Calpha olefin monomer and a catalyst system, the catalyst system comprising'}b) forming an oligomer product under oligomerization conditions.225-. (canceled)26. A method for producing a polyalphaolefin , the method comprising:{'sub': 4', '20, 'claim-text': 1) a metallocene, and', '2) a first activator comprising a chemically-treated solid oxide, and', {'sup': 10', '11', '10', '11, 'sub': n', '3−n', '1', '20', '1', '20, '3) a second activator comprising an organoaluminum compound having the formula: Al(X)(X)wherein Xis independently a Cto Chydrocarbyl, Xis independently a halide, a hydride, or a Cto Chydrocarboxide, and n is a number from 1 to 3;'}], 'a) contacting a Cto Calpha olefin monomer and a catalyst system, the catalyst system comprisingb) forming an oligomer product comprising dimers, trimers, and higher oligomers under oligomerization conditions;c) separating an ...

Processes for the synthesis of gamma nitrocarbonyl and gamma dicarbonyl compounds and their pyrrole derivatives

The present invention discloses processes for producing -nitrocarbonyl and -dicarbonyl compounds, which can be precursors in the synthesis of pyrrole compounds. A process for producing pyrroles such as 2,5-dimethylpyrrole, and structurally similar pyrrole compounds, is also disclosed.

Methods of preparation of an olefin oligomerization catalyst

A method of making a catalyst for use in oligomerizing an olefin comprising a chromium-containing compound, a pyrrole-containing compound, a metal alkyl, a halide-containing compound, and optionally a solvent, the method comprising contacting a composition comprising the chromium-containing compound and a composition comprising the metal alkyl, wherein the composition comprising the chromium-containing compound is added to the composition comprising the metal alkyl.

Olefin oligomerizations using chemically-treated solid oxides

The present invention discloses processes for oligomerizing a monomer containing C3 to C30 olefins using a chemically-treated solid oxide, such as fluorided silica-coated alumina and fluorided-chlorided silica-coated alumina.

Methods of Preparation of an Olefin Oligomerization Catalyst

A method of making an olefin oligomerization catalyst, comprising contacting a chromium-containing compound, a heteroatomic ligand, and a metal alkyl, wherein the chromium-containing compound comprises less than about 5 weight percent chromium oligomers. A method of making an olefin oligomerization catalyst comprising a chromium-containing compound, a nitrogen-containing compound, and a metal alkyl, the method comprising adding a composition comprising the chromium-containing compound to a composition comprising the metal alkyl. A method of making an olefin oligomerization catalyst comprising a chromium-containing compound, a nitrogen-containing compound, and a metal alkyl, the method comprising abating all or a portion of water, acidic protons, or both from a composition comprising the chromium-containing compound, a composition comprising the nitrogen-containing compound, or combinations thereof prior to or during the preparation of the catalyst. Methods of oligomerizing olefins by contacting such catalysts with an alpha olefin.

METHODS FOR THE CONVERSION OF A SUBSTITUTED FURAN TO A SUBSTITUTED PYRROLE

The present invention discloses processes for producing substituted pyrrole compounds, such as 2,5-disubstituted pyrroles. Synthetic processes which directly convert substituted furan compounds to substituted pyrrole compounds, via a reaction of the substituted furan compound with ammonia and/or an ammonium salt in the presence of a catalyst, also are described. 1. (canceled)3. The process of claim 2 , wherein R claim 2 , R claim 2 , R claim 2 , and Rindependently are a hydrogen atom or a C-Chydrocarbyl group claim 2 , and{'sup': 2p', '3p', '4p', '5p, 'at least one of R, R, R, and Ris not a hydrogen atom.'}4. The process of claim 2 , wherein Rand Rindependently are a C-Chydrocarbyl group claim 2 , and Rand Rare hydrogen.5. The process of claim 2 , wherein Rand Rindependently are a methyl group claim 2 , an ethyl group claim 2 , an n-propyl group claim 2 , an iso-propyl group claim 2 , an n-butyl group claim 2 , a t-butyl group claim 2 , a phenyl group claim 2 , a benzyl group claim 2 , a tolyl group claim 2 , or a xylyl group.6. The process of claim 2 , wherein at least one of Rand Ris a hydrogen atom.8. The process of claim 24 , wherein the substituted pyrrole compound comprises 2 claim 24 ,5-dimethylpyrrole claim 24 , 2-methyl-5-ethylpyrrole claim 24 , 2 claim 24 ,5-diethylpyrrole claim 24 , 2-ethyl-5-methylpyrrole claim 24 , 2-ethyl-5-n-propylpyrrole claim 24 , 2 claim 24 ,5-di-n-propylpyrrole claim 24 , 2 claim 24 ,5-diisopropylpyrrole claim 24 , 2 claim 24 ,5-di-n-butylpyrrole claim 24 , 2 claim 24 ,5-di-n-pentylpyrrole claim 24 , 2 claim 24 ,5-di-n-hexylpyrrole claim 24 , 2 claim 24 ,5-di-n-heptylpyrrole claim 24 , 2 claim 24 ,5-di-n-octylpyrrole claim 24 , 2 claim 24 ,3 claim 24 ,5-triethylpyrrole claim 24 , 2 claim 24 ,3 claim 24 ,5-tri-n-butylpyrrole claim 24 , 2 claim 24 ,3 claim 24 ,5-tri-n-pentylpyrrole claim 24 , 2 claim 24 ,3 claim 24 ,5-tri-n-hexylpyrrole claim 24 , 2 claim 24 ,3 claim 24 ,5-tri-n-heptylpyrrole claim 24 , 2 claim 24 ,3 claim 24 ,5-tri ...

Oxidized Alpha Olefins

A method comprising contacting an olefin wax with an oxidizing agent to produce an oxidized olefin wax, contacting the oxidized olefin wax with an odor-reducing material to produce an odor-reduced oxidized olefin wax, and removing water from the odor-reduced oxidized olefin wax. A composition comprising a product of a mixture of an oxidized olefin wax and an odor-reducing material, wherein the needle penetration of the composition is less than the oxidized alpha olefin wax in the absence of the odor-reducing material. 1. A method comprising:i) contacting an olefin wax with an oxidizing agent to produce an oxidized olefin wax;ii) contacting the oxidized olefin wax with an odor-reducing material to produce an odor-reduced oxidized olefin wax; andiii) removing water from the odor-reduced oxidized olefin wax.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the olefin wax comprises one or more of the following:a) greater than 90 wt % olefins having from 20 to 24 carbon atoms and greater than 75 mole % alpha olefins having from 20 to 24 carbon atoms;b) greater than 70 wt % olefins having from 24 to 28 carbon atoms and greater than 45 mole % alpha olefins having from 24 to 28 carbon atoms;c) greater than 90 wt % olefins having from 26 to 28 carbon atoms and greater than 75 mole % alpha olefins having from 26 to 28 carbon atoms;d) greater than 80 wt % olefins having at least 30 carbon atoms and greater than 45 mole % alpha olefins having at least 30 carbon atoms; ore) greater than 85 wt % olefins having at least 30 carbon atoms and greater than 75 mole % alpha olefins at least 30 carbon atoms.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxidizing agent comprises an oxygen-containing gas.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the oxygen-containing gas comprises pure oxygen claim 3 , oxygen diluted with an inert gas claim 3 , air claim 3 , or air diluted with an inert gas.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxidized olefin wax is produced under conditions capable of forming an oxidized olefin wax ...

Oligomerizacion de alfa oleifinas usando sistemas de catalizador de metaloceno-ssa y uso de las polialfaolefinas resultantes para preparar mezclas lubricantes.

Esta descripción proporciona oligómeros de alfa olefina y polialfaolefinas (o PAOs) y métodos para elaborar los oligómeros de alfa olefina y PAOs. Esta descripción abarca sistemas catalizadores de oligomerización de alfa olefina a base de metaloceno, que incluyen los que comprenden por lo menos un metaloceno y un activador que comprende un óxido sólido tratado químicamente con un anión de extracción de electrones. Los oligómeros de alfa olefina y las PAOs preparados con estos sistemas catalizadores pueden tener un índice de viscosidad alto combinado con un bajo punto de vertido, haciéndolos particularmente útiles en las composiciones lubricantes y como modificadores de viscosidad.

Oligomerization of olefin waxes using metallocene-based catalyst systems

This disclosure provides for olefin wax oligomer compositions, methods of producing olefin wax oligomer composition, and methods for oligomerizing olefin waxes. This disclosure encompasses metallocene-based olefin wax oligomerization catalyst systems, including those that include a metallocene and an aluminoxane, a metallocene and a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion, and a metallocene, a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion, and an organoaluminum compound. The olefin wax oligomers prepared with these catalyst systems can decreased needle penetrations, increased viscosity, and an increased drop melt, making them useful as an additive in candles, stone polishes, liquid polishes, and mold release formulations.

Oligomerization of alpha olefins using metallocene-ssa catalyst systems and use of the resultant polyalphaolefins to prepare lubricant blends

This disclosure provides for alpha olefin oligomers and polyalphaolefins (or PAOs) and methods of making the alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs. This disclosure encompasses metallocene- based alpha olefin oligomerization catalyst systems, including those that include at least one metallocene and an activator comprising a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion. The alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs prepared with these catalyst systems can have a high viscosity index combined with a low pour point, making them particularly useful in lubricant compositions and as viscosity modifiers.

Compositions comprising polyalphaolefins

Compositions comprising polyalphaolefins are disclosed. The polyalphaolefin may be produced from a C 6 to C 16 normal alpha olefin and the polyalphaolefin may comprise less than 1 weight % saturated alpha olefin monomer; less than 3 weight % saturated dimers; and greater than 80 weight % saturated higher oligomers; and have a 100 °C kinematic viscosity of at least 25 cSt; a viscosity index greater than 160; and a pour point less than -35°C. Alternatively, the polyalphaolefin may be produced from a C 6 to C 16 normal alpha olefin comprising at least 80 weight percent of a C 8 normal alpha olefin and the polyalphaolefin may have a pour point less than 0°C; and a Bernoulli index less than 1.65. Alternatively, the polyalphaolefins may be alpha olefin oligomers that may be produced from a C 6 to C 16 normal alpha olefin comprising at least 90 weight percent of a C 8 normal alpha olefin and the alpha olefin oligomer product may comprise less than 1 weight % residual alpha olefin monomer; less than 3 weight % dimers; and greater than 80 weight % higher oligomers; and have a 100 °C kinematic viscosity of at least 25 cSt; and a viscosity index greater than 170. The polyalphaolefins have no discernable crystallization as determined by differential scanning calorimetry using ASTM D 3418.

Oligomerization of olefin waxes using metallocene-based catalyst systems

This disclosure provides for olefin wax oligomer compositions, methods of producing olefin wax oligomer composition, and methods for oligomerizing olefin waxes. This disclosure encompasses metallocene-based olefin wax oligomerization catalyst systems, including those that include a metallocene and an aluminoxane, a metallocene and a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion, and a metallocene, a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion, and an organoaluminum compound. The olefin wax oligomers prepared with these catalyst systems can decreased needle penetrations, increased viscosity, and an increased drop melt, making them useful as an additive in candles, stone polishes, liquid polishes, and mold release formulations.

Linear alpha-olefin dimers possessing substantial linearity

Linear 1-butene dimers and other linear alpha-olefin dimers are manufactured in high yield and with high selectivity by coupling of alpha-olefins. The coupling is accomplished by contacting alpha olefins with an iron-based catalyst activated with an aluminum-based co-catalyst. The catalyst is structured to preclude formation of multiple dimer products, and the byproducts of the olefin coupling consist almost exclusively of methyl branched olefin dimers. The dimers have potentially diverse use in areas stretching form pharmaceuticals to plastics. Linear 1-butene dimers may be particularly useful in the production of plasticizer alcohols which may in turn be used to manufacture high quality plastics with reduced leaching.

Methods of preparation of an olefin oligomerization catalyst

A method of making a catalyst for use in oligomerizing an olefin comprising a chromium-containing compound, a pyrrole-containing compound, a metal alkyl, a halide-containing compound, and optionally a solvent, the method comprising contacting a composition comprising the chromium-containing compound and a composition comprising the metal alkyl, wherein the composition comprising the chromium-containing compound is added to the composition comprising the metal alkyl.

Oligomerization of alpha olefins using metallocene-SSA catalyst systems and use of the resultant polyalphaolefins to prepare lubricant blends

This disclosure provides for alpha olefin oligomers and polyalphaolefins (or PAOs) and methods of making the alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs. This disclosure encompasses metallocene- based alpha olefin oligomerization catalyst systems, including those that include at least one metallocene and an activator comprising a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion. The alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs prepared with these catalyst systems can have a high viscosity index combined with a low pour point, making them particularly useful in lubricant compositions and as viscosity modifiers.

Oligomerizacion de alfa olefinas usando sistemas de catalizador de metaloceno-ssa y uso de las polialfaolefinas resultantes para preparar mezclas lubricantes.

Esta descripción proporciona oligómeros de alfa olefina y polialfaolefinas (o PAOs) y métodos para elaborar los oligómeros de alfa olefina y PAOs. Esta descripción abarca sistemas catalizadores de oligomerización de alfa olefina a base de metaloceno, que incluyen los que comprenden por lo menos un metaloceno y un activador que comprende un óxido sólido tratado químicamente con un anión de extracción de electrones. Los oligómeros de alfa olefina y las PAOs preparados con estos sistemas catalizadores pueden tener un índice de viscosidad alto combinado con un bajo punto de vertido, haciéndolos particularmente útiles en las composiciones lubricantes y como modificadores de viscosidad.

oligomerization method and method for producing a polyalphaolefin

método de oligomerização e método para produzir uma polialfaolefina a presente descrição prevê oligômeros alfa olefina e polialfa olefinas ou (paos) e métodos para produzir alfa olefinas e paos. esta descricão abranae si.st-pmac:; catalisadores de oligomerização de alfa olefina baseado em metaloceno, incluindo aqueles que abrangem ao menos um metaloceno e um ativador, compreendendo um óxido sólido quimicamente tratado ou um ânion-elétron retirante. os oligômeros alfa olefina e pao preparados com estes sistemas catalisadores podem ter um elevado índice de viscosidade combinado com baixo ponto de derramamento, tornando-s particularmente úteis em composições lubrificantes e como modificadores de viscosidade. Oligomerization Method and Method for Producing a Polyalphaolefin The present disclosure provides for alpha olefin and polyalpha olefin oligomers or (paos) and methods for producing alpha olefins and paos. this description covers si.st-pmac :; metallocene-based alpha olefin oligomerization catalysts, including those comprising at least one metallocene and an activator, comprising a chemically treated solid oxide or an electron withdrawing anion. Alpha olefin and bread oligomers prepared with these catalyst systems can have a high viscosity index combined with low pour point, making them particularly useful in lubricating compositions and as viscosity modifiers.

Oligomerization of alpha olefins using metallocene-ssa catalyst systems and use of the resultant polyalphaolefins to prepare lubricant blends

This disclosure provides for alpha olefin oligomers and polyalphaolefins (or PAOs) and methods of making the alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs. This disclosure encompasses metallocene- based alpha olefin oligomerization catalyst systems, including those that include at least one metallocene and an activator comprising a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion. The alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs prepared with these catalyst systems can have a high viscosity index combined with a low pour point, making them particularly useful in lubricant compositions and as viscosity modifiers.

Oligomerization method comprising contacting a c4 to c20 alpha olefin monomer and a catalyst system comprising the catalyst system: a metallocene and a first and second activator, forming oligomeric product under oligomerization conditions; method of producing polyalphaolefin; and polyalphaolefin composition.

MÉTODO DE OLIGOMORIZACIÓN, QUE COMPRENDEA) PONER EN CONTACTO UN MONÓMERO DE ALFA OLEFINA C 0 A 020 Y UN SISTEMA CATALIZADOR, COMPRENDIENDO EL SISTEMA CATALIZADOR1) UN METALOCENO,2) UN PRIMER ACTIVADOR QUE COMPRENDE UN ÓXIDO SÓLIDO TRATADO UÍMICAMENTE CON UN ANIÓN DE EXTRACCIÓN DE ELECTRONES Y 3) UN SEGUNDO ACTIVADOR QUE COMPRENDE UN COMPUESTO DE ORGANOALUMINIO QUE TIENE UNA FÓRMULA AI(X °)(X)3., EN DONDE X 10 ES INDEPENDIENTEMENTE UN HIDROCARBILO C A 020, X ES INDEPENDIENTEMENTE UN HALURO, UN HIDRURO O UN HIDROCARBÓXIDO C 1 A C 20, Y N ES UN NÚMERO DE 1 A 3 1 Y B) FORMAR UN PRODUCTO OLIGOMÉRICO BAJO CONDICIONES DE OLIGOMERIZACIÓN, EN DONDE EL PRODUCTO OLIGOMÉRICO TIENE UN PUNTO DE VERTIDO MENOR QUE 0C. LOS OLIGÓMEROS DE ALFA OLEFINA Y LAS PAOS PREPARADOS CON ESTOS SISTEMAS CATALIZADORES PUEDEN TENER UN INDICE DE VISCOSIDAD ALTO COMBINADO CON UN BAJO PUNTO DE VERTIDO, HACIÉNDOLOS PARTICULARMENTE ÚTILES EN LAS COMPOSICIONES LUBRICANTES Y COMO MODIFICADORES DE VISCOSIDAD. METHOD OF OLIGOMORIZATION, WHICH INCLUDES) CONTACTING AN ALPHA OLEFIN C 0 TO 020 MONOMER AND A CATALYST SYSTEM, INCLUDING THE CATALYST SYSTEM 1) A METALOZENE, 2) A FIRST ACTIVATOR THAT COMPRISES AN EXATAMENT OF SOLID ANICAMENT UTILITY TRANSACTION ELECTRONS AND 3) A SECOND ACTIVATOR THAT INCLUDES AN ORGANOALUMINUM COMPOUND THAT HAS AN AI FORMULA (X °) (X) 3., WHERE X 10 IS INDEPENDENTLY A HYDROCARBIL CA 020, X IS INDEPENDENTLY A HALIDE, A HYDROCARBIDE OR A HYDROCARBON C 1 AC 20, AND N IS A NUMBER FROM 1 TO 3 1 AND B) FORM AN OLIGOMERIC PRODUCT UNDER OLIGOMERIZATION CONDITIONS, WHERE THE OLIGOMERIC PRODUCT HAS A POINT OF DISCHARGE LESS THAN 0C. ALPHA OLEFIN OLIGOMERS AND PAOS PREPARED WITH THESE CATALYST SYSTEMS MAY HAVE A HIGH VISCOSITY INDEX COMBINED WITH A LOW POINT OF POINT, MAKING THEM PARTICULARLY USEFUL IN LUBRICATING AND VISCOSING COMPOSITIONS.

Oligomerization of alpha olefins using metallocene-ssa catalyst systems and use of the resultant polyalphaolefins to prepare lubricant blends

This disclosure provides for alpha olefin oligomers and polyalphaolefins (or PAOs) and methods of making the alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs. This disclosure encompasses metallocene-based alpha olefin oligomerization catalyst systems, including those that include at least one metallocene and an activator comprising a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion. The alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs prepared with these catalyst systems can have a high viscosity index combined with a low pour point, making them particularly useful in lubricant compositions and as viscosity modifiers. The most illustrative drawing is Fig.1.

Oligomerization of alpha olefins using metallocene-ssa catalyst systems and use of the resultant polyalphaolefins to prepare lubricant blends

597113 Disclosed herein are alpha olefin oligomers and polyalphaolefins (or PAOs) and methods of making the alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs. This disclosure encompasses metallocene- based alpha olefin oligomerization catalyst systems, including those that include at least one metallocene and an activator comprising a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion. The alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs prepared with these catalyst systems can have a high viscosity index combined with a low pour point, making them particularly useful in lubricant compositions and as viscosity modifiers.

Oligomerization of alpha olefins using mettalocene-ssa catalyst systems and use of the resultant polyalphaolefins to prepare lubricant blends

This disclosure provides for alpha olefin oligomers and polyalphaolefins (or PAOs) and methods of making the alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs. This disclosure encompasses metallocene- based alpha olefin oligomerization catalyst systems, including those that include at least one metallocene and an activator comprising a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion. The alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs prepared with these catalyst systems can have a high viscosity index combined with a low pour point, making them particularly useful in lubricant compositions and as viscosity modifiers.

Oligomerization of alpha olefins using metallocene-ssa catalyst systems and use of the resultant polyalphaolefins to prepare lubricant blends

This disclosure provides for alpha olefin oligomers and polyalphaolefins (or PAOs) and methods of making the alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs. This disclosure encompasses metallocene- based alpha olefin oligomerization catalyst systems, including those that include at least one metallocene and an activator comprising a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion. The alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs prepared with these catalyst systems can have a high viscosity index combined with a low pour point, making them particularly useful in lubricant compositions and as viscosity modifiers.

compositions comprising polyalphaolefin and compositions comprising alpha olefin oligomeric product

composições compreendendo polialfaolefina. a presente descrição prevê oligômeros alfa olefina e polialfa olefinas ou (paos) e métodos para produzir alfa olefinas e paos. esta descrição abrange sistemas catalisadores de oligomerização de alfa olefina baseado em metaloceno, incluindo aqueles que abrangem ao menos um metaloceno e um ativador, compreendendo um óxido sólido quimicamente tratado ou um ânion-elétron retirante. os oligômeros alfa olefina e pao preparados com estes sistemas catalisadores podem ter um elevado índice de viscosidade combinado com baixo ponto de derramamento, tornando-se particularmente úteis em composições lubrificantes e como modificadores de viscosidade. compositions comprising polyalphaolefin. The present disclosure provides for alpha olefin and polyalpha olefin oligomers or (paos) and methods for producing alpha olefins and paos. This disclosure encompasses metallocene-based alpha olefin oligomerization catalyst systems, including those comprising at least one metallocene and an activator, comprising a chemically treated solid oxide or an electron withdrawing anion. Alpha olefin and pao oligomers prepared with these catalyst systems can have a high viscosity index combined with a low pour point, making them particularly useful in lubricating compositions and as viscosity modifiers.

Oligomerization of alpha olefins using metallocene-ssa catalyst systems and use of the resultant polyalphaolefins to prepare lubricant blends

メタロセン−ｓｓａ触媒系を用いたアルファオレフィンのオリゴマー化および得られたポリアルファオレフィンの潤滑剤ブレンドを製造するための使用

【課題】所定の成分及び特性を有するポリアルファオレフィンを含む組成物を提供する。 【解決手段】本発明の一態様は、ポリアルファオレフィンを含む組成物であって、ポリアルファオレフィンがＣ ６ −Ｃ １６ ノーマルアルファオレフィンから生産され、ポリアルファオレフィンが、ａ）１重量％未満の飽和アルファオレフィンモノマー、ｂ）３重量％未満の飽和ダイマー、およびｃ）８０重量％を超える飽和したより高次のオリゴマーを含み、かつｉ）少なくとも２５ｃＳｔの１００℃動粘度、ｉｉ）１６０より大きい粘度指数、およびｉｉｉ）−３５℃未満の流動点を有する、組成物である。 【選択図】なし

Oligomerization of alpha olefins using metallocene-ssa catalyst systems and use of the resultant polyalphaolefins to prepare lubricant blends

This disclosure provides for alpha olefin oligomers and polyalphaolefins (or PAOs) and methods of making the alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs. This disclosure encompasses metallocene- based alpha olefin oligomerization catalyst systems, including those that include at least one metallocene and an activator comprising a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion. The alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs prepared with these catalyst systems can have a high viscosity index combined with a low pour point, making them particularly useful in lubricant compositions and as viscosity modifiers.

compositions comprising polyalphaolefin

composições compreendendo polialfaolefina. a presente descrição prevê oligômeros alfa olefina e polialfa olefinas ou (paos) e métodos para produzir alfa olefinas e paos. esta descrição abrange sistemas catalisadores de oligomerização de alfa olefina baseado em metaloceno, incluindo aqueles que abrangem ao menos um metaloceno e um ativador, compreendendo um óxido sólido quimicamente tratado ou um ânion-elétron retirante. os oligômeros alfa olefina e pao preparados com estes sistemas catalisadores podem ter um elevado índice de viscosidade combinado com baixo ponto de derramamento, tornando-se particularmente úteis em composições lubrificantes e como modificadores de viscosidade. compositions comprising polyalphaolefin. The present disclosure provides for alpha olefin and polyalpha olefin oligomers or (paos) and methods for producing alpha olefins and paos. This disclosure encompasses metallocene-based alpha olefin oligomerization catalyst systems, including those comprising at least one metallocene and an activator, comprising a chemically treated solid oxide or an electron withdrawing anion. Alpha olefin and pao oligomers prepared with these catalyst systems can have a high viscosity index combined with low pour point, making them particularly useful in lubricating compositions and as viscosity modifiers.

Oligomerization of alpha olefins using metallocene-ssa catalyst systems and use of the resultant polyalphaolefins to prepare lubricant blends

This disclosure provides for alpha olefin oligomers and polyalphaolefins (or PAOs) and methods of making the alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs. This disclosure encompasses metallocene- based alpha olefin oligomerization catalyst systems, including those that include at least one metallocene and an activator comprising a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion. The alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs prepared with these catalyst systems can have a high viscosity index combined with a low pour point, making them particularly useful in lubricant compositions and as viscosity modifiers.

alpha olefin oligomerization using metallocene-ssa catalyst systems and use of the resulting polyalpha olefins for the preparation of lubricant mixtures

Oligomerization of alpha olefins using metallocene-SSA catalyst systems and use of the resultant polyalphaolefins to prepare lubricant blends

This disclosure provides for alpha olefin oligomers and polyalphaolefins (or PAOs) and methods of making the alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs. This disclosure encompasses metallocene- based alpha olefin oligomerization catalyst systems, including those that include at least one metallocene and an activator comprising a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion. The alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs prepared with these catalyst systems can have a high viscosity index combined with a low pour point, making them particularly useful in lubricant compositions and as viscosity modifiers.

Oligomerization of alpha olefins using metallocene-SSA catalyst systems and use of the resultant polyalphaolefins to prepare lubricant blends

This disclosure provides for alpha olefin oligomers and polyalphaolefins (or PAOs) and methods of making the alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs. This disclosure encompasses metallocene-based alpha olefin oligomerization catalyst systems, including those that include at least one metallocene and an activator comprising a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion. The alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs prepared with these catalyst systems can have a high viscosity index combined with a low pour point, making them particularly useful in lubricant compositions and as viscosity modifiers.

Methods of preparation of an olefin oligomerization catalyst

Methods of preparation of an olefin oligomerization catalyst

Preparation of transition metal carboxylates

This disclosure provides a process for making transition metal carboxylate compositions by combining in an polar aprotic first solvent a transition metal precursor and a Group 1 or Group 2 metal carboxylate under substantially acid-free and substantially anhydrous conditions, to generate a mixture comprising the transition metal carboxylate composition. Optionally, the transition metal carboxylate composition can be purified, for example, by substantially removing the first solvent provide a residue comprising the transition metal carboxylate composition, and also optionally, further by extracting the transition metal carboxylate composition from the residue with a non-coordinating second solvent to provide an extract comprising the transition metal carboxylate composition.

Olefin oligomerization catalyst and process employing and preparing same

Olefin oligomerization catalyst and process employing and preparing same

According to the present invention, a catalyst is provided which is represented by the formula [RC(YR')2]2CrX, wherein R and R' are individually selected from the group consisting of carbyl and carbylsilyl groups; Y is N, C or P; and X is a halogen, halogen alkyl, Si, alkylsilyl or carbyl group. Also provided is a process for preparing the catalyst and an oligomerization process employing the catalyst. The process produces linear alpha-olefins with low amounts of polymer, vinylidine and isomerized olefins.

Olefin waxes having improved hardness or viscosity

In one embodiment, we disclose hardened olefin waxes and processes for preparing them. In another embodiment, we disclose oxidized olefin waxes having low viscosity and processes for preparing them. The waxes are suitable for use as polishes, coatings, or inks, among other uses. For example, a hardened olefin wax composition produced from a feedstock olefin wax composition by contacting the feedstock olefin wax composition with an oxygen-containing gas at a temperature greater than a melting point of the feedstock olefin wax composition, the hardened olefin wax composition having: a needle penetration value at 25° C. at least 5 percent less than a needle penetration value at 25° C. of the feedstock olefin wax composition; a a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of up to about 200% greater than the kinematic viscosity of the feedstock olefin wax composition; and a saponification number less than 5 mg KOH/g hardened olefin wax composition.

Methods of preparation of an olefin oligomerization catalyst

Methods of preparation of an olefin oligomerization catalyst

METHODS OF PREPARATION OF AN OLEFIN OLIGOMERIZATION CATALYST A method of making a catalyst for use in oligomerizing an olefin comprising a chromium-containing compound, a pyrrole-containing compound, a metal alkyl, a halide-containing compound, and optionally a solvent, the method comprising contacting a composition comprising the chromium-containing compound and a composition comprising the metal alkyl, wherein the composition comprising the chromium-containing compound is added to the composition comprising the metal alkyl.

Process for dimerizing olefins

Process for dimerizing olefins

A method of dimerizing alpha-olefins to mostly linear internal olefin dimers using as a catalyst a transition metal complex with an activating co-catalyst. According to this process, a catalyst comprising a transition metal complex is added under inert gas to a container, the olefin is added to the container and finally an activating co-catalyst is added.

Methods of preparation of an olefin oligomerization catalyst

A method of making a catalyst for use in oligomerizing an olefin comprising a chromium-containing compound, a pyrrole-containing compound, a metal alkyl, a halide-containing compound, and optionally a solvent, the method comprising contacting a composition comprising the chromium-containing compound and a composition comprising the metal alkyl, wherein the composition comprising the chromium-containing compound is added to the composition comprising the metal alkyl.

Methods of preparation of an olefin oligomerization catalyst

A method of making a catalyst for use in oligomerizing an olefin comprising a chromium-containing compound, a pyrrole-containing compound, a metal alkyl, a halide-containing compound, and optionally a solvent, the method comprising contacting a composition comprising the chromium-containing compound and a composition comprising the metal alkyl, wherein the composition comprising the chromium-containing compound is added to the composition comprising the metal alkyl.

Method of isomerizing alpha-olefins to linear internal olefins with minimal skeletal isomerization using nickel supported on silica/alumina catalyst

The present invention relates to a process in which a nickel or silicia/alumina catalyst is used to isomerize linear alpha olefins substantially completely to linear internal olefins with no significant increase in branch internal olefin content.

Methods of preparation of an olefin oligomerization catalyst

A method of making a catalyst for use in oligomerizing an olefin comprising a chromium-containing compound, a pyrrole-containing compound, a metal alkyl, and a halide-containing compound, comprising contacting the chromium-containing compound, the pyrrole-containing compound, the metal alkyl, or combinations thereof with a previously prepared oligomerization catalyst composition.

Method of isomerizing alpha-olefins to linear internal olefins with minimal skeletal isomerization using nickel supported on silica/alumina catalyst

The present invention relates to a process in which a nickel or silicia/alumina catalyst is used to isomerize linear alpha olefins substantially completely to linear internal olefins with no significant increase in branch internal olefin content.

Method of isomerizing alpha-olefins to linear internal olefins with minimal skeletal isomerization using nickel supported on silica/alumina catalysts

The present invention relates to a process in which a nickel or silicia/alumina catalyst is used to isomerize linear alpha olefins substantially completely to linear internal olefins with no significant increase in branch internal olefin content.

Olefin oligomerization catalyst and process employing and preparing same

According to the present invention, a catalyst is provided which is represented by the formula [RC(YR')2]2CrX, wherein R and R' are individually selected from the group consisting of carbyl and carbylsilyl groups; Y is N, C or P; and X is a halogen, halogen alkyl, Si, alkylsilyl or carbyl group. Also provided is a process for preparing the catalyst and an oligomerization process employing the catalyst. The process produces linear alpha-olefins with low amounts of polymer, vinylidine and isomerized olefins.

METHODS OF PREPARATION OF A OLEFINE OLEGOMERIZATION CATALYST

Un método para elaborar un catalizador de oligomerizacion de olefina, que comprende contactar un compuesto que contiene cromo, un ligando hetero-atomico y un alquilo metálico, en donde el compuesto que contiene cromo comprende menos de aproximadamente 5 por ciento por peso de oligomeros de cromo. Un método de elaboracion de un catalizador de oligomerizacion de olefina que comprende un compuesto que contiene cromo, un compuesto que contiene nitrogeno y un alquilo metálico, el método comprende anadir una composicion que comprende el compuesto que contiene cromo a una composicion que comprende el aquilo metálico. Un método de elaboracion de un catalizador de oligomerizacion de olefina que comprende un compuesto que contiene cromo, un compuesto que contiene nitrogeno y un alquilo metálico, el método comprende reducir toda o una porcion del agua, protones ácidos, o ambos, de una composicion que comprende el compusto que contiene cromo, una composicion que comprende nitrogeno o combinacion de estos antes o durante la preparacion del catalizador. Los métodos de oligomerizacion de olefinas contactando dichos catalizadores con una alfa olefina. A method of making an olefin oligomerization catalyst, which comprises contacting a chromium-containing compound, a hetero-atomic ligand and a metal alkyl, wherein the chromium-containing compound comprises less than about 5 percent by weight of chromium oligomers. . A method of making an olefin oligomerization catalyst comprising a chromium-containing compound, a nitrogen-containing compound and a metal alkyl, the method comprises adding a composition comprising the chromium-containing compound to a composition comprising the metal alkyl . A method of making an olefin oligomerization catalyst comprising a chromium-containing compound, a nitrogen-containing compound and a metal alkyl, the method comprises reducing all or a portion of the water, acidic protons, or both, of a composition that It comprises the compound containing ...

Oligomerization of alpha olefins using metallocene-ssa catalyst systems and use of the resultant poly alphaolefins to prepare lubricant blends

This disclosure provides for alpha olefin oligomers and polyalphaolefins (or PAOs) and methods of making the alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs. This disclosure encompasses metallocene-based alpha olefin oligomerization catalyst systems, including those that include at least one metallocene and an activator comprising a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion. The alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs prepared with these catalyst systems can have a high viscosity index combined with a low pour point, making them particularly useful in lubricant compositions and as viscosity modifiers.

Oxidized olefin wax pour point depressants