Tin-silver bonding and method thereof

A Sn—Ag bonding and a method thereof are revealed. By means of a bonding layer formed by tin and silver between wafers, the stress released by diffusion and bonding between tin(Sn) and silver(Ag) is larger than the stress released by diffusion and bonding of conventional gold-silver bonding. Moreover, a Sn—Ag bonding method of the present invention forms Sn—Ag bonding at low temperature and releases more stress so as to reduce thermal stress generated during wafer bonding effectively. And after wafer bonding, the high temperature processes can be performed.

CELLULOSE INTERPOLYMERS AND METHOD OF OXIDATION

This invention provides cellulose ester interpolymers, and methods of oxidizing cellulose interpolymers and cellulose ester interpolymers. The invention also provides routes to access carboxylated cellulose ester derivatives with high acid numbers wherein the carboxyl group is attached directly to the cellulose backbone by a carbon-carbon bond. Through functionalization of an intermediate aldehyde, the corresponding cationic or zwitterionic cellulose ester derivatives can also be accessed. The interpolymers of the present invention have a number of end-use applications, for example, as binder resins in various types of coating compositions and as drug delivery agents. 1. A method for preparing a stable form of a cellulose formate ester interpolymer comprising:{'sub': 2', '12, '(1) mixing formic acid, water, and an C-Cacyl anhydride to form a mixed anhydride mixture at a first contact temperature;'}(2) contacting the mixed anhydride mixture and a cellulose compound to form a reaction mixture at a second contact temperature;(3) adding an acid catalyst to the reaction mixture;(4) passing of a formylation period; 'a resulting cellulose formate ester interpolymer has a degree of substitution per anhydroglucose unit of formate of about 0.5 to about 1.5.', 'wherein'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the resulting cellulose formate ester interpolymer has a degree of substitution per anhydroglucose unit of formate of about 0.7 to about 1.2.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the resulting cellulose formate ester interpolymer has a degree of substitution per anhydroglucose unit of formate of about 0.9 to about 1.1.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acid catalyst is sulfuric acid.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acid catalyst is added in an amount ranging from about 0.25 to about 15 weight percent based on weight of cellulose compound.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of formic acid added in step (1) is from about 4 to about 15 molar equivalents based on ...

CELLULOSE INTERPOLYMERS AND METHOD OF OXIDATION

This invention provides cellulose ester interpolymers, and methods of oxidizing cellulose interpolymers and cellulose ester interpolymers. The invention also provides routes to access carboxylated cellulose ester derivatives with high acid numbers wherein the carboxyl group is attached directly to the cellulose backbone by a carbon-carbon bond. Through functionalization of an intermediate aldehyde, the corresponding cationic or zwitterionic cellulose ester derivatives can also be accessed. The interpolymers of the present invention have a number of end-use applications, for example, as binder resins in various types of coating compositions and as drug delivery agents. 1. A method for converting a primary alcohol to a formyl , carboxylate , or mixture thereof , comprising: 'the mixture has a pH of less than about 4 and comprises a compound comprising a primary alcohol functional group;', 'wherein'}, 'adding a 4-substituted piperidine nitroxyl derivative wherein the substitutent is capable of hydrogen bonding, a primary oxidant, and a terminal oxidant to a mixture to form a reaction mixture,'}passing of a reaction period sufficient to effect conversion of the primary alcohol functional group.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the primary alcohol is a group on a polysaccharide selected from starch esters and other polysaccharides esters having α-1 claim 1 ,4 glycosidic linkages claim 1 , pullulan esters and other polysaccharides esters having α-1 claim 1 ,3 glycosidic linkages claim 1 , cellulose esters and other polysaccharides esters having β-1 claim 1 ,4 glycosidic linkages claim 1 , and other β-glucan esters selected from chitin claim 1 , chitosan claim 1 , fructans claim 1 , glactomannans claim 1 , glucomannas claim 1 , xyloglucans claim 1 , and arabinoxylans.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the primary oxidant is a Mn(III) salt.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the Mn salt is or manganese triacetate.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the primary oxidant ...

Cellulose interpolymers and method of oxidation

This invention provides cellulose ester interpolymers, and methods of oxidizing cellulose interpolymers and cellulose ester interpolymers. The invention also provides routes to access carboxylated cellulose ester derivatives with high acid numbers wherein the carboxyl group is attached directly to the cellulose backbone by a carbon-carbon bond. Through functionalization of an intermediate aldehyde, the corresponding cationic or zwitterionic cellulose ester derivatives can also be accessed. The interpolymers of the present invention have a number of end-use applications, for example, as binder resins in various types of coating compositions and as drug delivery agents.

CELLULOSE INTERPOLYMERS AND METHOD OF OXIDATION

This invention provides cellulose ester interpolymers, and methods of oxidizing cellulose interpolymers and cellulose ester interpolymers. The invention also provides routes to access carboxylated cellulose ester derivatives with high acid numbers wherein the carboxyl group is attached directly to the cellulose backbone by a carbon-carbon bond. Through functionalization of an intermediate aldehyde, the corresponding cationic or zwitterionic cellulose ester derivatives can also be accessed. The interpolymers of the present invention have a number of end-use applications, for example, as binder resins in various types of coating compositions and as drug delivery agents. 1. A method for converting a C6 hydroxyl of an anhydroglucose unit of a cellulose polymer to a formyl group or a carboxyl group comprising:adding an amino substituted cyclic nitroxyl derivative, a primary oxidant, and a terminal oxidant to a cellulose mixture having a pH of less than 4 to form a reaction mixture,wherein{'sub': 2', '12, 'the cellulose mixture comprises a C-Calkyl acid, water, and a cellulose interpolymer comprising anhydroglucose units having C6 hydroxyl groups; and'}passing of a reaction period sufficient to effect conversion of a C6 hydroxyl to a formyl group or a carboxy group and thus produce an oxidized cellulose interpolymer.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said C-Calkyl acid comprises acetic acid claim 1 , propionic claim 1 , butyric acid claim 1 , or a mixture thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pH of the cellulose mixture is from about 1.5 to about 3.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amino substituted cyclic nitroxyl derivative is a 4-amino substituted 2 claim 1 ,2 claim 1 ,6 claim 1 ,6-tetramethyl piperidin-1-oxyl derivative.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the amino substituted cyclic nitroxyl derivative is 4-amino 2 claim 4 ,2 claim 4 ,6 claim 4 ,6-tetramethyl piperidin-1-oxyl.6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the amino substituted cyclic nitroxyl ...

CELLULOSE INTERPOLYMERS AND METHOD OF OXIDATION

This invention provides cellulose ester interpolymers, and methods of oxidizing cellulose interpolymers and cellulose ester interpolymers. The invention also provides routes to access carboxylated cellulose ester derivatives with high acid numbers wherein the carboxyl group is attached directly to the cellulose backbone by a carbon-carbon bond. Through functionalization of an intermediate aldehyde, the corresponding cationic or zwitterionic cellulose ester derivatives can also be accessed. The interpolymers of the present invention have a number of end-use applications, for example, as binder resins in various types of coating compositions and as drug delivery agents. 1. A method for converting a C6 hydroxyl of an anhydroglucose unit of a cellulose ester interpolymer to a formyl group or a carboxyl group comprising: {'sub': 2', '12, 'the cellulose ester mixture comprises a C-Calkyl acid, water, and a cellulose ester interpolymer comprising anhydroglucose units having C6 hydroxyl groups; and'}, 'wherein'}, 'adding an amino substituted cyclic nitroxyl derivative, a primary oxidant, and a terminal oxidant to a cellulose ester mixture having a pH of less than 4 to form a reaction mixture,'}passing of a reaction period sufficient to effect conversion of a C6 hydroxyl to a formyl group or a carboxy group and produce an oxidized cellulose ester interpolymer.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cellulose ester interpolymer has a degree of substitution per anhydroglucose unit of C-Cacyl of at least 0.5.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pH of the cellulose ester mixture is from about 1.5 to about 3.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amino substituted cyclic nitroxyl derivative is a 4-amino substituted 2 claim 1 ,2 claim 1 ,6 claim 1 ,6-tetramethyl piperidin-1-oxyl derivative.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amino substituted cyclic nitroxyl derivative is 4-amino 2 claim 1 ,2 claim 1 ,6 claim 1 ,6-tetramethyl piperidin-1-oxyl.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein ...

PH-sensitive coatings based on cellulose acetoacetate

This invention is based on the discovery that certain cellulose acetoacetate mixed esters will remain insoluble in mild (near-neutral) or acidic aqueous solutions, but dissolve under alkaline conditions. The esters are particularly useful as coatings for controlled-release applications. Coatings comprising these esters will dissolve to release a coated active agent under alkaline conditions, the exact pH at which dissolution occurs being adjustable.

Cellulose interpolymers and method of oxidation

This invention provides cellulose ester interpolymers, and methods of oxidizing cellulose interpolymers and cellulose ester interpolymers. The invention also provides routes to access carboxylated cellulose ester derivatives with high acid numbers wherein the carboxyl group is attached directly to the cellulose backbone by a carbon-carbon bond. Through functionalization of an intermediate aldehyde, the corresponding cationic or zwitterionic cellulose ester derivatives can also be accessed. The interpolymers of the present invention have a number of end-use applications, for example, as binder resins in various types of coating compositions and as drug delivery agents.

Carboxylated cellulose ester and manufacture thereof

Carboxylated Cellulose Ester and Manufacture Thereof Abstract The present invention provides a novel cellulosic material and a process for preparing the same. The cellulosic material is a carboxylated cellulose ester material having an acid number of at least about 5, an inherent viscosity of from about 0.01 to about 1.00 and wherein the anhydroglucose units thereof have ring substituents comprising by weight based on total polymer weight, of from about 0.05 to about 20% hydroxyl groups, from about 0.5 to about 44% acetyl groups, from 0 to about 54% butyryl groups, from 0 to about 47% propionyl groups, from about 0.4 to about 4.0% total carboxyl groups wherein from about 20% to about 100% of these carboxyl groups are non-saponifiable backbone, and wherein the material has a lactone level of from about 4.52 x 10-5 to about 6.13 x 10-4. The carboxylated cellulose esters of the present invention are prepared by reacting a cellulose ester with ozone at a temperature of about 25 to 80°C for a period of time sufficient to yield the carboxylated cellulose ester product. Also disclosed are end use applications for the carboxylated cellulose esters, such as metal coatings, pigment dispersions, wood coatings, inks, etc.

Process for preparing cellulose acetoacetate alkanoates

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a substituted cellulose acetoacetate alkanoate without using a carboxamide/lithium chloride solvent system. The process involves contacting cellulose in a carboxylic acid diluent with an acetylating compound selected from the group consisting of a carboxylic acid anhydride and an acid chloride, an acetoacetylating compound selected from the group consisting of diketene, an alkyl acetoacetate and 2,2,6-trimethyl-4H-1,3-dioxin-4-one, and a mineral acid catalyst under conditions and in a molar ratio sufficient to cause the cellulose, acetylating compound and acetoacetylating compound to react to produce a substituted cellulose acetoacetate alkanoate.

Carboxylated cellulose ester

Process for esterification of cellulose using as the catalyst the combination of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and a hindered aliphatic alcohol

The present invention relates to a method of preparing lower fatty acid esters of cellulose which comprises esterifying at a temperature of between about 75° C. and about 110° C. a cellulose compound having esterifiable hydroxyl groups with an esterifying bath comprising an organic acid anhydride, a diluent, and a catalyst comprising from 0.2 to 2.0 parts phosphoric acid, from 0.1 to 1.2 parts sulfuric acid, and from 0.05 to 0.6 parts of a hindered aliphatic alcohol by weight per 100 parts of the cellulose to be esterified.

Cellulose interpolymers and method of oxidation

This invention provides cellulose ester interpolymers, and methods of oxidizing cellulose interpolymers and cellulose ester interpolymers. The invention also provides routes to access carboxylated cellulose ester derivatives with high acid numbers wherein the carboxyl group is attached directly to the cellulose backbone by a carbon-carbon bond. Through functionalization of an intermediate aldehyde, the corresponding cationic or zwitterionic cellulose ester derivatives can also be accessed. The interpolymers of the present invention have a number of end-use applications, for example, as binder resins in various types of coating compositions and as drug delivery agents.

Personal care products incorporating cellulosic fatty acid esters

Cellulose ester compounds and compositions that include such cellulose ester compounds dissolved in lipophilic solvents.

Ball screw with positioning structure scraper

Dispositif de balayage pour un lecteur de codes-barres

Un dispositif de balayage pour un lecteur de codes-barres comprend une paire de coussinets (1, 1'), un m ecanisme de rotation (2) et un m ecanisme d'entraînement (3), le m ecanisme d'entraînement (3) devant être magn etiquement excit e pour entraîner un dispositif de rotation (21) du m ecanisme de rotation (2) en rotation, entraînant lui-même un el ement de r eflexion (22) sur le m ecanisme de rotation (2) pour balayer un code-barres sur un article par pas et en va-et-vient en tirant parti d'un el ement d'actionneur (25) fix e sur un arbre rotatif actif (23) du dispositif de rotation (21).

具定位結構刮刷器之滾珠螺桿

本發明係為一種具定位結構刮刷器之滾珠螺桿，係包含：螺桿，其設有螺旋狀之滾動溝；螺帽，其套設於該螺桿，並設有相對該滾動溝之滾動槽，且該螺帽之軸方向的兩端部係分別設有一容置槽；兩刮刷器，其外形為環狀，兩該刮刷器係套設於該螺桿並分別設置於兩該容置槽，該刮刷器係設有朝該滾動溝凸伸設置的唇部，該唇部係容設於該滾動溝，且該唇部設有與該滾動溝接觸之定位結構，該定位結構使該唇部與該滾動溝之間保持一間隙且不接觸。

Support stand

The present invention provides a support stand. The support stand includes at least one H-beam set between a light source of an exposure machine and an operating machine of that to support an optical axis of the exposure machine, at least one supporting element set on a first part of the H-beam, a signal emitter set on a second part of the H-beam, and a signal receiver, receiving a signal sent from the signal emitter, set on a third part of the H-beam. The signal emitter and the signal receiver are used for detecting an optical axis shift.

Fotolithografisch systeem met variabele sluiter en werkwijze voor het gebruik ervan.

Photolithograph system with variable shutter and method of using the same

Support stand

Fotolithografisch systeem met variabele sluiter en werkwijze voor het gebruik ervan.

電子裝置及其樞軸結構

一種電子裝置，包含一下殼體、一上殼體、一補強片以及一樞軸結構。上殼體可樞轉地設置於下殼體之一端。補強片設置於上殼體。樞軸結構包含一樞軸、一第一連接元件以及一第二連接元件。第一連接元件包含二第一樞轉部及一第一鎖固部，二第一樞轉部連接於第一鎖固部，二第一樞轉部彼此間隔一距離，二第一樞轉部樞設於樞軸，第一鎖固部固定於下殼體。第二連接元件包含相連接的一固定部及一第二鎖固部，固定部固定於樞軸之一端，第二鎖固部自固定部的一側延伸且固定於補強片。

支持スタンド

【課題】従来の技術による諸問題を解決するため、露光装置の光源と主要装置との間の光軸経路を支持する支持スタンドを提供する。 【解決手段】支持スタンドは、露光装置の主要装置と付属装置との間の光軸経路を支持する１個以上のＨ型鋼と、Ｈ型鋼の第一位置に設けられる支持素子と、Ｈ型鋼の第二位置に設けられる信号エミッターと、Ｈ型鋼の第三位置に設けられる信号レシーバーとを含む。 【選択図】図２

USB male connector with independent power supply

USB female connector with independent power supply

Apparaat en werkwijze voor het testen van een belichtingsinrichting.

具有獨立電源之ｕｓｂ公頭連接器

本發明為有關一種具有獨立電源之USB公頭連接器，主要包括至少一屏蔽外殼，其一側乃界定一插置口，並且屏蔽外殼內收容有至少一絕緣膠體，絕緣膠體上係結合有一為電源端子組的第一傳輸導體組、一為訊號端子組的第二傳輸導體組及一為差分訊號端子組的第三傳輸導體組，其中，第一傳輸導體組、第二傳輸導體組及第三傳輸導體組係分別於一端界定一第一傳輸導體組接觸部、第二傳輸導體組接觸部及第三傳輸導體組接觸部，藉此，當插接母座連接器後得以經由第一傳輸導體組進行大電源傳輸，而達到具備獨立電源傳輸之優勢。

Usb female connector improvement

具有獨立電源之ｕｓｂ母座連接器

本發明為有關一種具有獨立電源之USB母座連接器，主要包括至少一屏蔽外殼，其內收容有至少一絕緣膠體，且絕緣膠體係結合有一差分訊號傳輸導體組、一訊號傳輸導體組、一電源傳輸導體組及一偵測傳輸導體組，且差分訊號接觸部組乃位於該訊號接觸部組上側處，而該電源接觸部組則位於該訊號接觸部組下側處，又該偵測傳輸接觸部組乃位於該差分訊號接觸部組背離該訊號接觸部組側處，因此，當作動時可透過電源傳輸導體組提高較大的電壓與電流導通，並經由偵測傳輸導體組得以在被抵觸時導通訊號傳輸導體組，以對公頭連接器端進行充電。