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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Применить Всего найдено 29552. Отображено 100.
27-08-2015 дата публикации

Модуль питания для энергосберегающей лампы

Номер: RU0000154683U1

Р В З О РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (51) МПК H05B 37/02 (13) 154 683 U1 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ТИТУЛЬНЫЙ (21)(22) Заявка: ЛИСТ ОПИСАНИЯ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ 2014148986/07, 14.06.2013 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 14.06.2013 (72) Автор(ы): ЦЗЭН Цзюнь-Чау (CN) (73) Патентообладатель(и): ЦЗЭН Цзюнь-Чау (CN), ХСУ Хсю-Юй (CN) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: R U 14.06.2012 CN 201220284181.1 (45) Опубликовано: 27.08.2015 Бюл. № 24 1 5 4 6 8 3 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 04.12.2014 (86) Заявка PCT: CN 2013/077248 (14.06.2013) (87) Публикация заявки PCT: WO 2013/185631 (19.12.2013) 1 5 4 6 8 3 R U (54) МОДУЛЬ ПИТАНИЯ ДЛЯ ЭНЕРГОСБЕРЕГАЮЩЕЙ ЛАМПЫ (57) Формула полезной модели 1. Модуль (70) питания, применяемый для выпрямителя (40), устройства (10) переключения и энергосберегающей лампы (52), содержащий: блок (742) регулировки мощности, электрически соединенный с выпрямителем (40) и энергосберегающей лампой (52), причем блок (742) регулировки мощности обеспечивает выдачу требуемого питания для энергосберегающей лампы (52); и блок (744) потенциала состояния, электрически соединенный с устройством переключения (10) и блоком (742) регулировки мощности, причем блок (744) потенциала состояния выполнен с возможностью обеспечения блока (742) регулировки мощности нормальным потенциалом состояния, который требуется при нормальной работе блока (742) регулировки мощности, или блок (744) потенциала состояния выполнен с возможностью реагирования на ненормальный потенциал состояния при ненормальной работе блока (742) регулировки мощности. 2. Модуль (70) питания по п. 1, в котором блок (744) потенциала состояния содержит интерфейс (712) управления развязкой, электрически соединенный с устройством (10) переключения. 3. Модуль (70) питания по п. 2, в котором блок (742) регулировки мощности содержит: диод (702), причем анод диода (702) электрически соединен с выпрямителем (40 ...

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04-12-2017 дата публикации

Стабилизированный источник питания светодиодных систем освещения

Номер: RU0000175438U1

Полезная модель относится к области электротехники, приборостроению и преобразовательной технике и может быть использована при создании стабилизированных источников питания для светодиодных осветителей.Для упрощения схемы при одновременном улучшении эксплуатационных характеристик и срока службы устройства и светодиодов, в стабилизированном источнике питания светодиодных систем освещения, содержащем однофазную сеть переменного тока 1, мостовой двухполупериодный однофазный выпрямитель 2, на выходе которого включена светодиодная нагрузка 3, отличающийся тем, что имеет емкостной делитель напряжения, состоящий из двух последовательно соединенных конденсаторов 4 и 5, токоограничивающего 6 и силового 7 конденсаторов и блок стабилизации выходного выпрямленного напряжения, содержащего твердотельное полупроводниковое однофазное реле 8 с выводами для управления по постоянному току 9 и 10, и с выводами для силовой цепи переменного тока 11 и 12, маломощный резистор 13, термистор 14 с отрицательным температурным коэффициентом сопротивления, который соединен первым своим выводом с одним из выводов для управления по постоянному току блока стабилизации и вторым выводом со вторым выходом двухполупериодного однофазного выпрямителя, а другой из выводов для управления по постоянному току через маломощный резистор сообщен с первым выходом двухполупериодного однофазного выпрямителя и со светодиодной нагрузкой, при этом один из последовательно соединенных конденсаторов емкостного делителя подключен ко второму входу выпрямителя и выводу второго конденсатора, причем один из выводов из двух последовательно соединенных и токоограничивающего конденсаторов подключен к однофазной сети переменного тока, твердотельное реле связано с однофазной цепью переменного тока через один из выводов силовой цепи по переменному току с первым выводом второго конденсатора, а другой вывод силовой цепи по переменному току подключен через силовой конденсатор к электрическому узлу последовательно соединенных ...

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19-01-2012 дата публикации

Apparatus for driving light emitting device with over-current and over-voltage protection

Номер: US20120013266A1
Принадлежит: Samsung Electro Mechanics Co Ltd

An apparatus for driving a light emitting part includes a DC/DC converter for supplying an amplified driving voltage to the light emitting part; a constant current circuit for controlling a current flowing through the light emitting part; a converter controller for controlling the DC/DC converter and the constant current circuit; a current sensor for sensing and converting a current flowing to an anode of the light emitting part into a voltage; a feedback controller for controlling a feedback current according to a magnitude of the voltage from the current sensor; an optical coupling part for performing optical coupling to transmit the feedback current as a feedback voltage; and a main controller for determining whether an over-current is occurring according to a magnitude of the feedback voltage and stopping an operation of the converter controller when the over-current is occurring.

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26-01-2012 дата публикации

Alternating-current light emitting diode structure with overload protection

Номер: US20120018773A1
Принадлежит: Helio Optoelectronics Corp

The present invention relates to an alternating current (AC) light emitting diode (LED) structure with overload protection, which comprises an AC LED, a heat dissipating unit and an overload protecting unit. The AC LED is thermally connected with the heat dissipating unit, and the overload protecting unit is connected in series between the AC LED and a power source. Thus, when an overload current is inputted to the AC LED structure, the temperature of the overload protecting unit will rise to disconnect the AC LED from the power source. In this way, an open-circuit status can be produced timely in the AC LED structure to block the power input into the AC LED for purpose of protection against overload.

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26-01-2012 дата публикации

Driving circuit for driving light emitting diodes and dimmer

Номер: US20120019154A1
Принадлежит: Chunghwa Picture Tubes Ltd

A power supply unit provides a voltage, and a driving current to a series of light emitting diodes. A dimming unit adjusts a duty cycle of an original dimming signal to generate a dimming signal according to the driving current and an ideal current. A current sink coupled to the series of light emitting diodes adjusts a duty cycle of the driving current according to the dimming signal.

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02-02-2012 дата публикации

Adaptive current limiter and dimmer system including the same

Номер: US20120026761A1
Автор: James Roy Young
Принадлежит: Individual

In an embodiment, an adaptive current limiter includes a sense element, a current pass element, and a controller. The sense element includes a first sense terminal coupled to a power supply terminal and a second sense terminal. The sense element generates a sense voltage in response to a feedback current. The current pass element includes a first terminal for receiving the feedback current, a second terminal coupled to the second sense terminal, and a control terminal. The controller is coupled to the sense element and to the control terminal for adjusting the feedback current conducted by the current pass element based on the sense voltage and a time-varying voltage signal.

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09-02-2012 дата публикации

Light source lighting circuit and lamp system for vehicle

Номер: US20120032591A1
Принадлежит: Koito Manufacturing Co Ltd

A lighting circuit includes: a countercurrent prevention unit including a first control terminal and a second control terminal, the countercurrent prevention unit transmitting a first current or a second current; and a current controller including: a common terminal connected to the first control terminal and the second control terminal; and a switching terminal connected to the first control terminal, the current controller providing a first driving current or a second driving current from the common terminal to the light source. The countercurrent prevention unit further includes: a first rectifier, wherein voltage at the first control terminal is provided to the switching terminal through the first rectifier; a first P-FET provided between the first control terminal and the common terminal; a second P-FET provided between the second control terminal and the common terminal; and a second rectifier provided between the second P-PET and the common terminal.

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09-02-2012 дата публикации

System and method for dimmable constant power light driver

Номер: US20120032605A1
Автор: Chunghang Peng
Принадлежит: Ace Power International Inc

An apparatus is disclosed that is capable of delivering substantially constant power to a luminous load with variation in the input voltage and the environment temperature. The apparatus may be further adapted to vary the power supplied to the luminous load based on changes in the input voltage produced by a phase control dimmer or external device. Additionally, if the input voltage is changed due to a user controlling a dimmer device to control the brightness of the luminous load, the apparatus is able to control the power delivered to the load in response to the dimmer device. Additionally, the apparatus is adapted to allow the luminous output light intensity to be controlled by changes in a remote control voltage source or variable resister and draws near unity power factor power from the AC input throughout the dimming range when not used with phase control dimmer. The remote control or variable resistor can operate simultaneously with a dimmer to achieve multiple controls for the light output.

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16-02-2012 дата публикации

Light emitting diode driving system and circuit thereof

Номер: US20120038283A1
Принадлежит: StarChips Tech Inc

The present invention relates to a light emitting diode (LED) driving system and a circuit thereof. The LED driving circuit is configured to control a direct voltage converter configured to generate a regulated output voltage to an input terminal of an LED array. The LED array has a plurality of LED sets. The LED driving circuit includes a plurality of current sources, a comparison circuit and a current setup circuit. The plurality of current sources are connected to a plurality of output terminals of the LED array, and are configured to provide a current flowing through the plurality of LED sets. The comparison circuit is connected to a plurality of output terminals of the LED array, and is configured to generate an analog or digital feedback signal representing a status of the supply voltage for the LED array. The current setup circuit is configured to set up the initial current value of the current sources. The direct voltage converter regulates is the output voltage by taking into consideration the feedback signal.

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16-02-2012 дата публикации

Method of driving a light source and display apparatus for performing the method

Номер: US20120038691A1
Принадлежит: SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD

A method of driving a light source, which comprises a first light-emitting module including first to k-th light source blocks and disposed at a first edge of a light guide plate, and a second light-emitting module including first to m-th light source blocks and disposed at a second edge of the light guide plate, wherein k and m are natural numbers, includes generating a plurality of duty control signals corresponding to the first to k-th top light source blocks and the first to m-th bottom light source blocks based on an image signal, and selectively generating first to k-th top driving signals and first to m-th bottom driving signals using the plurality of duty control signals based on a three-dimensional image enable signal, where the first to k-th top driving signals drive the first light-emitting module, and the first to m-th bottom driving signals drive the second light-emitting module

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23-02-2012 дата публикации

Led tube system

Номер: US20120043892A1
Принадлежит: Ledned Holding BV

The invention relates to an LED tube system for driving at least one LED assembly comprising: an LED tube housing for containing the at least one LED assembly, two pairs of mains input terminals (A, B) provided at ends of the LED tube housing for receiving a mains supply voltage (V mns ) and for supplying the mains supply voltage (V mns ) to an internal part of the LED tube system for driving the at least one LED assembly, and further comprising a switching circuit being electrically connected with all mains input terminals (A, B, C, D) and being arranged for electrically connecting the pairs of mains input terminals together in a first state (2/ON) and electrically separating the pairs in a second state (1/OFF) of the switching circuit. The switching circuit being further arranged for providing a coupling capacitor (C 10 , C 11 ) between the first pair and the second pair of input terminals in the first state (2/ON) and removing the coupling capacitor (C 10 , C 11 ) in the second state (1/OFF) of the switching circuit. Due to the switching circuit the LED tube system in accordance with the invention can be used in lighting fixtures for parallel fluorescent tubes as well as in lighting fixtures for serial fluorescent tubes. The invention further relates to safety devices for the LED tube system.

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08-03-2012 дата публикации

Dc power source unit and led lamp system

Номер: US20120056560A1
Принадлежит: Toshiba Lighting and Technology Corp

A DC power source unit 37 is provided which boosts source voltage from a power source portion 36. A lighting circuit 38 is provided which supplies DC voltage to loads, the DC voltage being obtained by stepping down output current of the DC power source circuit 37. A control circuit 39 is provided which controls the lighting circuit 38 in accordance with at least either voltage or current of LEDs 25 and controls the DC power source unit 37 so that a ratio of output voltage to voltage of the LEDs 25 becomes a preset fixed ratio.

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15-03-2012 дата публикации

Led drivers with adaptive hysteretic control circuits and associated methods of operation

Номер: US20120062144A1
Принадлежит: Monolithic Power Systems Inc

Various embodiments of LED drivers and associated methods of are described below. In one embodiment, a method for controlling an LED driver includes receiving a reference voltage, receiving a feedback voltage from said LED driver, receiving said input voltage as a first feed forward voltage and said output voltage as a second feed forward voltage, generating a hysteretic width based on said first feed forward voltage and said second feed forward voltage, and generating a hysteretic band voltage using said hysteretic width and said reference voltage. The method also includes generating a first control signal for controlling said LED driver based on said hysteretic band voltage and said feedback voltage, inverting said first control signal to generate a second control signal for controlling said LED driver, and achieving a generally fixed frequency for said LED driver.

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15-03-2012 дата публикации

Appliance with luminous housing in environment-dependent color

Номер: US20120062713A1
Принадлежит: KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONICS NV

Appliance comprising a housing, wherein a part of said housing is optically transmissive, said optically transmissive part having an exterior surface through which light travelling through the optically transparent part is transmitted, so as to cause the transmitted light to be visible upon viewing the exterior surface. The appliance further comprises a controllable light source assembly, capable of producing light in a variety of colors, and configured to couple produced light into the optically transmissive part of the housing. The appliance also includes a control unit, and a color vision system, configured to optically observe an environment of the appliance, and to output data relating to colors of the observed environment to the control unit. The control unit is configured to control a housing color to be produced by the light source assembly, whereby said housing color is determined in dependence of the data received from the color vision system.

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22-03-2012 дата публикации

Temperature compensated led constant current source

Номер: US20120068627A1
Автор: Timothy W. Brooks
Принадлежит: Grote Industries LLC

A device and method for providing a temperature compensated LED constant current source. A positive temperature coefficient (PTC) resistor is utilized to reduce the current being supplied through a driver circuit to an LED lighting element under varying environmental conditions. The PTC resistor prevents the LED elements from overheating due to excessive ambient temperature, improper thermal design or excessive voltage. A voltage regulator may be included to linearize the temperature vs. resistance characteristics of the PTC resistor.

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29-03-2012 дата публикации

Method And Apparatus For Booting Up Digital Circuit Nodes Coupled To A Single Conductor Current Line

Номер: US20120074778A1
Принадлежит: Neofocal Systems Inc

Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are increasingly used in illumination applications. To control multiple Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), or any other controllable light source, this document introduces a single-wire multiple-LED power and control system. Specifically, individually controlled LED units are arranged in a series configuration that is driven by a control unit located at the head of the series. Each of the individually controlled LED units may comprise more than one LED that is also individually controllable. The head-end control unit provides both electrical power and control signals down a single wire to drive all of the LED units in the series in a manner that allows each LED unit to be controlled individually or in assigned groups.

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29-03-2012 дата публикации

Lighting Wall Switch with Power Failure Capability

Номер: US20120074843A1
Принадлежит: Wireless Environment LLC

In embodiments of the present invention improved capabilities are described for systems and methods that employ a control component and/or power source integrated in an LED based light source to control and/or power the LED light source wirelessly. In embodiments, the LED based light source may take the form of a standard light bulb that plugs into a standard lighting socket or fixture.

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29-03-2012 дата публикации

Dimming Circuit, A Light Emitting Diode Driver Including The Same And A Light Emitting Diode Driver

Номер: US20120074860A1
Автор: Bum-Kil LEE
Принадлежит: SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD

The dimming circuit includes a reference signal generation unit, a frequency modulation unit and a duty cycle control unit. The reference signal generation unit generates a reference signal. The frequency modulation unit generates a frequency modulation signal having an initial frequency based on the reference signal and a control signal, repeatedly performs a counting operation that counts at least one pulse of the frequency modulation signal, and adjusts the frequency of the frequency modulation signal if the counting operation is completed. The duty cycle control unit generates a pulse width modulation (PWM) output signal by adjusting a duty cycle of the frequency modulation signal.

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29-03-2012 дата публикации

Lighting apparatus and control method thereof

Номер: US20120074866A1
Принадлежит: Delta Electronics Inc

A lighting apparatus includes a lighting unit, a converting circuit, a sensing circuit, and a current control circuit. The lighting unit includes at least one light emitting diode and a switching device connected with each other in series. The converting circuit has an output end electrically connected to the lighting unit for driving it. The sensing circuit includes a sensing element capable of indirectly detecting the current flowing through the light emitting diode and outputting a feedback signal. The current control circuit receives a reference current, the feedback signal and a dimming command, and sends a dimming control signal to the lighting unit and a current control signal to the converting circuit, capable of controlling the amplitude of the current flowing through the light emitting diode.

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29-03-2012 дата публикации

Ssl budgeting and coding system for lighting assembly

Номер: US20120074875A1
Принадлежит: Tyco Electronics Corp

A lighting assembly includes a lighting module labeled with an indicator. The lighting module indicator is indicative of electrical capacities of the lighting module. A driver is provided to power the lighting module. The driver is labeled with an indicator indicative of electrical capacities of the driver. The lighting module indicator and the driver indicator are compared to determine whether the driver has electrical capacities that enable the driver to power the lighting module. A cable electrically couples the driver and the lighting module. The cable has an indicator indicative of electrical capacities of the cable. The cable indicator is compared to the driver indicators and the lighting module indicator to determine whether the cable has electrical capacities that enable the cable to convey power from the driver to the lighting module.

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29-03-2012 дата публикации

High efficiency illumination

Номер: US20120075596A1
Принадлежит: Intel Corp

An electronic device comprises a processor, a light source, and a controller coupled to the light source. The controller comprises logic to cycle the light source between an active state and an inactivate state at with a pulse duration that measures between 30 milliseconds and 100 milliseconds and jitter a time onset of the active state by a quasi-random time that measures between 0 and 30 milliseconds for one or more cycles. Other embodiments may be described.

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29-03-2012 дата публикации

Systems and methods for constant voltage mode and constant current mode in flyback power converters with primary-side sensing and regulation

Номер: US20120075891A1
Принадлежит: On Bright Electronics Shanghai Co Ltd

System and method for regulating a power converter. The system includes a first signal generator configured to receive a first sensed signal and generate an output signal associated with demagnetization. The first sensed signal is related to a first winding coupled to a secondary winding for a power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current for the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a ramping signal generator configured to receive the output signal and generate a ramping signal, and a first comparator configured to receive the ramping signal and a first threshold signal and generate a first comparison signal based on at least information associated with the ramping signal and the first threshold signal. Moreover, the system includes a second comparator configured to receive a second sensed signal and a second threshold signal and generate a second comparison signal.

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05-04-2012 дата публикации

Power Conversion and Control Systems and Methods for Solid-State Lighting

Номер: US20120081023A1
Автор: Earl W. Mccune, Jr.
Принадлежит: Mobius Power Llc

A solid-state lighting system comprises a plurality of light-emitting devices (e.g., light-emitting diodes) and an alternating current to direct current (AC-DC) converter that converts AC power to DC power for powering the plurality of light-emitting devices. The AC-DC converter is configured to perform AC-DC conversion directly, without the need for or use of a bridge rectifier or step-down transformer. According to one aspect of the invention, the light-emitting devices of the solid-state lighting system are autonomous and individually powered by a plurality of DC power supplies generated from the DC power produced by the AC-DC converter. According to another aspect, a plurality of phase-offset dimmer control signals are generated based on waveform distortions in a dimming signal produced by a conventional dimmer switch. The phase-offset dimmer control signals are used to individually control the dimming of the light-emitting devices.

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05-04-2012 дата публикации

Power Conversion and Control Systems and Methods for Solid-State Lighting

Номер: US20120081025A1
Автор: Earl W. Mccune, Jr.
Принадлежит: Mobius Power Llc

A solid-state lighting system comprises a plurality of light-emitting devices (e.g., light-emitting diodes) and an alternating current to direct current (AC-DC) converter that converts AC power to DC power for powering the plurality of light-emitting devices. The AC-DC converter is configured to perform AC-DC conversion directly, without the need for or use of a bridge rectifier or step-down transformer. According to one aspect of the invention, the light-emitting devices of the solid-state lighting system are autonomous and individually powered by a plurality of DC power supplies generated from the DC power produced by the AC-DC converter. According to another aspect, a plurality of phase-offset dimmer control signals are generated based on waveform distortions in a dimming signal produced by a conventional dimmer switch. The phase-offset dimmer control signals are used to individually control the dimming of the light-emitting devices.

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05-04-2012 дата публикации

Oled display with a current stabilizing device and its driving method

Номер: US20120081034A1
Принадлежит: Winstar Display Co Ltd

An OLED display with a current stabilizing device employs a voltage boosting and current stabilizing device which is coupled between the driving-voltage line of the data driver and the data-power-supply wires to produce an output voltage higher than the driving voltage by boosting the driving voltage of the data driver, and then to maintain the current of the OLEDs at a constant level by performing current limiting, so that the problem of the current-ununiformity caused uneven luminance of the conventional OLED display can be solved, and the possibility that the luminance of the OLED panel will decay in a short period of time is reduce.

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19-04-2012 дата публикации

Power systems with multiple power sources

Номер: US20120091816A1
Принадлежит: O2Micro Inc

In one embodiment, a power system includes a first power source having a first voltage, a second power source having a second voltage, and a controller. The controller is coupled to the first power source and the second power source. The controller compares the first voltage with the second voltage, controls the first power source to charge the second power source via a first switch and a second switch in a charging mode when the first voltage is greater than said second voltage, and controls the second power source to power a load such as a light-emitting diode (LED) light source via the second switch and a third switch in a load-powering mode when the second voltage is greater than the first voltage.

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26-04-2012 дата публикации

Lighting device and illumination apparatus using same

Номер: US20120098453A1
Принадлежит: Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd

A lighting device includes: a lighting unit which outputs a direct current; a smoothing unit having a capacitor which smoothes the direct current outputted from the lighting unit and supplies it; and a control unit for performing an intermittent control which alternately repeats a first time period in which the direct current is supplied to the smoothing unit and a second time period in which the direct current decreases to be smaller than that in the first time period. In the lighting device, a product of a frequency (Hz) and a capacitance (μF) of the capacitor is equal to or greater than 0.05 in which one cycle of the frequency corresponds to a sum of the first time period and the second time period.

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03-05-2012 дата публикации

Driver for cooperating with a wall dimmer

Номер: US20120104851A1
Принадлежит: KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONICS NV

A driver ( 100; 200 ) for driving a dimmable load (L) is powered from phase-cut mains (U 1 ) and determines the dimming state of the load on the basis of the phase of the cutting of the mains. The driver comprises: a load current generating device ( 130; 230 ) generating load current; a controllable auxiliary load ( 170; 270 ) connected to an input ( 131; 231 ) of the load current generating device; a control device ( 140; 240 ) controlling the auxiliary load. The control device has an input ( 141; 241 ) receiving a signal indicating the momentary voltage at the driver input. The load current generating device generates interrupted current pulses, so that the average output current corresponds to the dim command reflected by the phase cutting angle of the input mains. The control device switches the auxiliary load on during those time periods when the output current generated by the load current generating device is zero.

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03-05-2012 дата публикации

Current ringing filter for dimmable compact fluorescent lamps

Номер: US20120104965A1
Принадлежит: General Electric Co

A ballast or drive circuit is located between a dimmer switch and at least one light source or lamp. The ballast includes an electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter operatively disposed between the dimmer switch and the at least one lamp. The EMI filter includes an inductor. A low pass filter, preferably an inductor, is serially connected to the inductor of the EMI filter and situated between the dimmer switch and EMI filter for addressing currency ringing, reducing high current peaks, and decreasing flickering that would otherwise result with multiple light sources when the lamp is turned on.

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03-05-2012 дата публикации

Coded warning system for lighting units

Номер: US20120105228A1
Принадлежит: KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONICS NV

The application discloses a method and apparatus for providing a desired warning signal for a lighting unit. A coded warning system is provided employing a detection module ( 320 ) and a signal generating module ( 330 ), wherein the detection module is configured to obtain information regarding the detection of one or more operating parameters of the lighting unit and the signal generating module generates a desired warning signal ( 331 ) selected from a plurality of warning signals, upon determination that one or more of the operating parameters are abnormal operating parameters. Each warning signal of the plurality of warning signals is indicative of a specific abnormal operating parameter or a known combination of specific abnormal operating parameters.

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03-05-2012 дата публикации

Multi-beam illumination system and method of illumination

Номер: US20120106151A1
Принадлежит: KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONICS NV

The invention provides a multi-beam illumination system ( 1 ) for providing an illumination image (53). The multi-beam illumination system ( 1 ) has a plurality of light sources ( 11 ) with optional collimating optics ( 12 ), arranged to generate a plurality of light beams ( 13 ); a panel ( 30 ) comprising a plurality of panel segments ( 32 ) in a panel plane ( 35 ) at a first distance (d 1 ) and arranged to contain a plurality of segment patterns ( 34 ) on the corresponding panel segments ( 32 ); and an imaging lens array ( 40 ) comprising a plurality of imaging lenses ( 42 ) in an imaging lens plane ( 45 ) parallel to the panel plane ( 35 ). Each imaging lens ( 42 ) of the imaging lens array ( 40 ) is arranged to image a corresponding segment pattern ( 34 ) of the plurality of segment patterns ( 34 ) into a respective projection image ( 52 ) of a plurality of projection images ( 52 ). The plurality of projection images ( 52 ) over-lap at a predetermined image distance (Lp) and form the illumination image ( 53 ).

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10-05-2012 дата публикации

Lighting device with spatially segregated primary and secondary emitters

Номер: US20120112614A1
Принадлежит: Cree Inc

A lighting device includes at least one first electrically activated emitter, at least one lumiphor support element comprising a lumiphoric material spatially segregated from the first electrically activated emitter and arranged to receive at least a portion of emissions from the first electrically activated emitter, and at least one second electrically activated emitter disposed on or adjacent to the at least one lumiphor support element. First and second electrically activated emitters having different peak wavelengths may be in conductive with first and second device-scale heat sinks, respectively.

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10-05-2012 дата публикации

Thermal Management In A Lighting System Using Multiple, Controlled Power Dissipation Circuits

Номер: US20120112638A1
Принадлежит: Cirrus Logic Inc

A lighting system includes a controller that is configured to provide thermal management for the lighting system by distributing excess energy in the lighting system through multiple power dissipation circuits. In at least one embodiment, the lighting system is a phase cut compatible, dimmable lighting system having one or more light sources selected from a group consisting of at least one light emitting diode and at least one compact fluorescent lamp. In at least one embodiment, the controller is configured to control the plurality of power dissipation circuits in accordance with a thermal management strategy to dissipate the excess energy in the phase cut compatible, dimmable lighting system. The particular thermal management strategy is a matter of design choice. The power distribution circuits include two of more of: a controlled switch path power dissipation circuit, a controlled link path power dissipation circuit, and a controlled flyback path power dissipation circuit.

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10-05-2012 дата публикации

Controlled Power Dissipation In A Link Path In A Lighting System

Номер: US20120112639A1
Принадлежит: Cirrus Logic Inc

In at least one embodiment, a lighting system includes a link path power dissipation circuit to actively and selectively control power dissipation of excess energy in a switching power converter of the lighting system. The link path power dissipation circuit dissipates power through a link path of the switching power converter by controlling a link current of the switching power converter. In at least one embodiment, the controller controls the link path power dissipation circuit to limit the link current with a current source and dissipate power in the current source. In at least one embodiment, the link path power dissipation circuit includes a switch to limit the link current and dissipate power in the link path.

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10-05-2012 дата публикации

Pwm signal generating circuit for dc-dc converter using dimming signal and led driving circuit having the same in direct digital dimming method

Номер: US20120112655A1
Принадлежит: MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd

An LED driving circuit is provided. The LED driving circuit includes an input unit which receives an input dimming signal for driving an LED array, a PWM signal generating unit which extends an on-period of the input dimming signal to form an extended dimming signal, and generates a PWM signal using the extended dimming signal, a DC-DC converter which supplies output voltage to the LED array using the PWM signal, and an LED driving unit which drives the LED array using the input dimming signal.

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10-05-2012 дата публикации

Low cost power supply circuit and method

Номер: US20120112657A1
Принадлежит: KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONICS NV

A power supply circuit has an LLC converter stage for converting a DC voltage input into a DC voltage output, and at least one hysteretic converter stage. Each hysteretic converter stage has a DC voltage input coupled to the DC voltage output of the LLC converter stage, and a DC current output. The LLC converter stage lacks a feedback control, and is operated at its load independent point. A ripple on the DC voltage output of the LLC converter does not affect the output current of the hysteretic converter stage. The stable DC current output of the hysteretic converter stage is coupled to a load having one or more LED strings.

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10-05-2012 дата публикации

LED Circuit Having LED Driving Circuit with Smooth Transient Mechanism and Operation Method of the Same

Номер: US20120112660A1
Автор: Kuan-Jen Tseng
Принадлежит: Himax Analogic Inc

A LED driving circuit having a smooth transient mechanism adapted in a LED circuit to drive a plurality of LED channels is provided. The LED driving circuit comprises: a dimming module, a dc-to-dc converter, a delay module and a plurality of current sink modules. A control module of the dc-to-dc converter generates a driving voltage according to the dimming voltage from the dimming module to control a gate of a power MOS to further turn on or turn off the LED channels. The delay module comprises delay units connected in series to delay the dimming voltage to generate a plurality of delay signals each at an output node of each of the delay units. Each of the current sink modules is connected to one of the LED channels to adjust the turn-on period according to one of the delay signals. A LED circuit operation method is disclosed herein as well.

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17-05-2012 дата публикации

Light emitting diode current control circuit capable of energy recycling

Номер: US20120119663A1
Принадлежит: Analog Integrations Corp

Alight emitting diode current control circuit capable of energy recycling includes at least one diode and at least one converter. The diode has an anode terminal, and a cathode terminal for coupling to a first terminal of at least one series of light emitting diodes. The converter has a first terminal coupled to an anode terminal of a corresponding diode, a second terminal for coupling to a second terminal of a series of light emitting diodes corresponding to the converter, a third terminal, and a fourth terminal coupled to ground.

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17-05-2012 дата публикации

Constant current led lamp

Номер: US20120119674A1
Автор: Shih-Jen Liao, Yu-Lin Lee
Принадлежит: LEE Yu- Lin, Trend Lighting Corp

A constant current LED lamp is provided with a linear driver circuit for driving multiple light emitting diodes (LEDs), or LED packages including multiple LED chips, connected in series. The driver circuit includes a rectifier circuit, a filter circuit, a stable voltage circuit, and a constant current circuit. The driver circuit allows the aggregate forward voltage drop of all the LEDs connected in series to approach the rectified input voltage to efficiently utilize the AC power from the mains.

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17-05-2012 дата публикации

Power conversion circuit for light emitting diode

Номер: US20120119675A1
Принадлежит: AU OPTRONICS CORP

A power conversion circuit for light emitting diode includes a voltage converter. The voltage converter has two receiving terminals and two output terminals. The two receiving terminals of the voltage converter are electrically coupled to the direct current power supply, and the output terminals output corresponding direct current signals according to the received direct current power supply, to drive a light emitting diode string. One of the output terminals has a positive potential, and another output terminal has a negative potential.

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31-05-2012 дата публикации

Heat Dissipating Chassis for Handheld Battery Operated Device

Номер: US20120132408A1
Автор: Mark Kempter
Принадлежит: Bayco Products Ltd

A heat sink for a handheld device is found as a one piece chassis for supporting heat-producing circuits inside the device while having heat radiating surfaces outside the device. In another embodiment a battery pack control circuit under microprocessor control allows battery packs having different battery chemistries and characteristics to be interchanged in the same device without switches or adapters. Control of operating modes of the device despite changes in the battery pack including battery chemistry, state of charge, available voltage, or desired operating mode are automatic. The microprocessor measures the battery pack characteristics, using look up tables in a suitable program to adjust the circuit operating modes. The microprocessor also responds to sequential switch contact closures in setting operating modes.

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07-06-2012 дата публикации

Device for controlling an electrical load

Номер: US20120139428A1
Принадлежит: Lear Corp GmbH

A device serves to control an electrical load of at least two single loads connected in series. Each of the at least two single loads is connected in parallel to a controllable switch, so that each of the at least two single loads can be switched independently of one another. In addition, a driver stage that drives a current into the electrical load is present. The controllable switches can be controlled by the control unit. A dummy load is connected in series to the at least two single loads.

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07-06-2012 дата публикации

Method and system for lighting control

Номер: US20120139446A1
Принадлежит: Individual

A system and method for controlling an entertainment system is provided. The system can have at least one light source to generate variable light output and at least one controller coupled to the at least one light source to control the variable light output based on a number of interruptions of power supplied to the apparatus over a pre-determined time period. The variable light output can be a light temperature. The at least one light source can be a plurality of light sources, with the at least one controller having a plurality of addresses and each of the addresses designating one or more of the plurality of light sources to be controlled. The at least one controller can synchronize or unsynchronize the plurality of light sources.

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14-06-2012 дата публикации

Light with changeable color temperature

Номер: US20120146505A1
Автор: Karl Jonsson
Принадлежит: Greenwave Reality Pte Ltd

Color temperature of a lighting apparatus that includes a first LED that emits a white light with a first color temperature and a second LED that emits a white light with a second color temperature is managed. The two LEDs are connected in parallel anode to cathode so that current flowing in one direction turns on the first LED and current flowing in the opposite direction turns on the second LED. A controller manages a duty cycle of an alternating current flowing through the two LEDs to control the color temperature and/or the brightness of the lighting apparatus.

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14-06-2012 дата публикации

Circuit Configuration for Operating LEDS for a Micromirror Arrangement

Номер: US20120146528A1
Автор: Josef Osterried
Принадлежит: OSRAM GMBH

A circuit configuration for operating at least one LED, comprising: an input with a first input terminal (E 1 ) and a second input terminal (E 2 ) for coupling to a DC voltage supply (U G ); an output having a first output terminal (A 1 ) and a second output terminal (A 2 ) for providing an output current (IA) to the at least one LED; a micromirror arrangement ( 12 ) comprising a plurality of micromirrors; a first control device ( 16 ) configured for providing, at the output thereof, a first control signal (S a ) for the micromirror arrangement ( 12 ), the first control signal (S a ) being synchronized to a first clock frequency (fc 11 ); a switching regulator ( 10 ), the input thereof being coupled to the first input terminal (E 1 ) and the second input terminal (E 2 ), and the output thereof being coupled to the first output terminal (A 1 ) and the second output terminal (A 2 ), the switching regulator ( 10 ) comprising a switch (S 1 ); and a second control device ( 18 ) configured for providing, at the output thereof, a second control signal (Sb) for the switch (S 1 ) of the switching regulator ( 10 ); wherein the second control signal (S b ) is synchronized to a second clock frequency (f c12 ), wherein the equation f c12 =n*f c11 applies, where nε

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14-06-2012 дата публикации

Method and apparatus providing universal voltage input for solid state light fixtures

Номер: US20120146529A1
Принадлежит: KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONICS NV

A method for providing universal voltage input to a solid state lighting fixture ( 140 ) supplied by an AC line voltage includes converting an analog voltage signal corresponding to the line voltage to digital values indicating a waveform of the line voltage (S 312 ) and calculating slopes corresponding to rising edges of the waveform using select values of the digital values (S 453 ). A value of the line voltage is determined based on the calculated slopes (S 458 ).

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14-06-2012 дата публикации

Current regulator circuit for led light

Номер: US20120146532A1
Принадлежит: Altair Engineering Inc

A regulator scheme for an LED light wherein the peak input current to the regulator and the regulator duty cycle produce a feedback signal which infers the average regulator output current. Both buck-boost and flyback type output circuits are disclosed.

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14-06-2012 дата публикации

Led lighting system

Номер: US20120146536A1
Принадлежит: Toro Co

An LED lighting system has a constant AC current source, a circuit loop and a plurality of light emitting diodes in the circuit loop. The constant AC current source eliminates the need for integrated circuits and other circuit components that can fail or be damaged in a light fixture, particularly an outdoor, landscape lighting fixture. The LED lighting system preferably contains a current transformer and/or a full wave bridge rectifier to maximize the number of LEDs in a lighting system—and/or a voltage clamping circuit to minimize the chance of run-away voltage.

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14-06-2012 дата публикации

Ramp controlled driver for series/parallel solid state lighting devices

Номер: US20120146542A1
Принадлежит: General Electric Co

An electronic OLED driver apparatus is presented, which includes a DC-DC converter stage with a waveform generator generating converter setpoints with profiles having minimum rise time and fall time values.

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21-06-2012 дата публикации

Switching Parameter Based Discontinuous Mode-Critical Conduction Mode Transition

Номер: US20120153858A1
Принадлежит: Cirrus Logic Inc

An electronic system includes a controller to provide at least dual-mode conduction control of a switching power converter. In at least one embodiment, the controller is capable to control transitions between discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) and critical conduction mode (CRM) of the switching power converter using a measured switching time parameter having a value corresponding with an approximately peak voltage of a time-varying supply voltage supplied to the switching power converter. In at least one embodiment, the controller dynamically compensates for changing parameters of the electronic system by dynamically determining a minimum non-conductive time of the control switch of the switching power converter using the measured switching time parameter value at approximately the peak of the supply voltage of the supply voltage.

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21-06-2012 дата публикации

Apparatus of driving light emitting diode using erasable programmable logic device chip

Номер: US20120153862A1
Принадлежит: SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD

Provided is an apparatus that drives a light emitting device using an erasable programmable logic device (EPLD) chip. The apparatus may include the light emitting device, and a driving unit to use the EPLD chip storing programming information corresponding to the light emitting device, and to drive the light emitting device based on the stored programming information. The EPLD chip may receive the programming information inputted from an external terminal, and may store the programming information in a predetermined storage space.

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28-06-2012 дата публикации

Led driving apparatus

Номер: US20120161640A1
Автор: Kengo Kimura
Принадлежит: Sanken Electric Co Ltd

An LED driving apparatus that converts input power into direct-current power and feeds the power to an LED unit, includes: a first transistor that turns current flowing to the LED unit between on-and-off; an LED current detector that detects the current flowing to the LED unit; a controller that outputs a control signal controlling power to be fed to the LED unit, based on an error between a detected voltage obtained by the LED current detector and a burst dimming signal to dim the LED unit; and a second transistor that controls the power to be fed to the LED unit, based on the control signal output from the controller, wherein the first transistor is turned on; based on the burst dimming signal, and wherein the first transistor is turned off, based on a delay signal that is delayed at a predetermined time from the burst dimming signal.

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28-06-2012 дата публикации

Digital pwm generator and apparatus for driving light emitting device

Номер: US20120161662A1
Принадлежит: Samsung Electro Mechanics Co Ltd

There is provided a digital PWM generator according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention including: an A/D converter dividing a predetermined reference voltage into a plurality of sections corresponding to a predetermined first set value, searching a section to which the magnitude of an input voltage Vin corresponds, among the plurality of sections, and converting a value corresponding to the searched section into a digital signal; a frequency selector providing a counting number by counting a predetermined high-speed counting clock during a one-cycle section of a predetermined reference clock; and a PWM signal generator converting the digital signal from the A/D converter into a ratio value corresponding to a ratio for the reference voltage and generating a PWM signal having a controlled duty ratio of the reference clock by using the ratio value and the counting number from the frequency selector.

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05-07-2012 дата публикации

Light Assembly Having Light Sources and Adjacent Light Tubes

Номер: US20120169235A1
Принадлежит: eLumigen LLC

A light assembly includes a light source circuit board and a plurality of light-emitting diodes disposed on the light source circuit board. A plurality of light pipes axially extends from and adjacent to each light-emitting diode. Each light pipe has a respective first end adjacent to the plurality of light-emitting diodes and a second end opposite to the light-emitting diodes. The plurality of light pipes communicates light from the light-emitting diodes therethrough and defines a cavity therebetween. A plurality of thermal vanes forms a heat sink for removing heat from the light-emitting diodes. The plurality of thermal vanes extend adjacent to the plurality of light pipes. A driver circuit board is disposed within the cavity.

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05-07-2012 дата публикации

Semi resonant switching regulator, power factor control and led lighting

Номер: US20120169240A1
Принадлежит: Individual

Described are improvements in power factor control and systems embodying said improved power factor control. Improvements lie in a method of zero voltage switching in which a capacitor is placed in parallel with a switching device, and the switching device is operated responsive to a change in the polarity of the current through the capacitor. Switching therefore occurs at zero or close to zero voltage across the switching device in both on and off modes resulting in very low switching losses and electromagnetic interference. Systems employing the method include a power factor controller, LED light source, boost converter and a power source comprising one or more photovoltaic cells.

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12-07-2012 дата публикации

Apparatus for controlling bleed switch, power supply, and method for driving power supply

Номер: US20120176055A1
Принадлежит: Individual

A power supply has a TRIAC dimmer, and an AC-DC converter connected to the TRIAC dimmer. The AC-DC converter has a power switch, a bleed switch, and a controller. The controller turns off the bleed switch in a first time duration and turns on the bleed switch in a second time duration. Magnitude of a current of the power switch in the first time duration is larger than magnitude of a current of the power switch in the second time duration. Magnitude of a current of the bleed switch in a third time duration within the second time duration is smaller than magnitude of a current of the bleed switch in a fourth time duration within the second time duration.

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12-07-2012 дата публикации

Circuit Arrangement for Operation of at Least One LED

Номер: US20120176056A1
Автор: Bernd Rudolph
Принадлежит: OSRAM GMBH

In various embodiments, a circuit for operating an LED includes input terminals for coupling to a supply voltage; output terminals for providing output DC voltage(s) to the LED(s); an inverter having a bridge circuit with at least first and second electronic switches comprising control electrodes, reference electrodes and working electrodes, wherein first and second electronic switches are serially coupled between input terminals, forming a first bridge center point; a first inductor serially coupled between first bridge center point and an output terminal; and a drive circuit having output terminals, wherein one output terminal is coupled to control electrode of first electronic switch and second output terminal is coupled to control electrode of second electronic switch; configured so that-drive circuit comprises control devices, wherein one control device includes a second inductor magnetically coupled to the first inductor, and wherein second control device includes third inductor magnetically coupled to first inductor.

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19-07-2012 дата публикации

Solar Powered Lamp with Brightness Control

Номер: US20120181938A1
Автор: Ek Khoon Hobart Kay
Принадлежит: Individual

The present invention describes a solar powered garden lamp ( 100,100 a, 100 b ). The lamp ( 100,100 a, 100 b ) includes a lamp assembly, a solar panel ( 192 ), a rechargeable battery ( 150 ), a sunlight-hour switch ( 154 ), an LED ( 146 a, 146 b ) and a control circuit ( 140 ). In use, a user estimates the number of hours of sunlight incident on the solar panel ( 192 ) and the sunlight-hour switch ( 154 ) is calibrated by applying a weather variability factor on a battery charger ( 142 ) capacity that is connected to the solar panel. The solar panel ( 192 ) converts solar energy into electric power to recharge the battery ( 150 ) during the day so that the battery ( 150 ) has sufficient power to light up the LED ( 146 a or 146 b ) at a predetermined brightness continuously from dusk to dawn.

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26-07-2012 дата публикации

Switch control circuit, switch controlling method, and power supply device using the switch control circuit

Номер: US20120188670A1
Принадлежит: Individual

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a switch control circuit, a switch control method, and a power supply device using the same. Embodiments generate a reference signal according to a full-wave rectification voltage and control a switching operation of a power switch according to a comparing result of a sense voltage corresponding to a current flowing to the power switch and the reference voltage. Embodiments determine whether a line is opened between a first output terminal and a second output terminal of the power supply device using the sense voltage. When the line is opened, Embodiments turn off the protection switch.

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26-07-2012 дата публикации

Adaptive bleeder circuit

Номер: US20120188794A1
Принадлежит: Macroblock Inc

An adaptive bleeder circuit is applicable to a power converter, in which the power converter has a transformer primary side and a transformer secondary side, and the power converter enables input power to be selectively input or not input to the transformer primary side through a pulse-width-modulated signal. The adaptive bleeder circuit includes a switched bleeder circuit, and the bleeder circuit switch dynamically adjusts a turn on/off ratio (or referred to as duty ratio) of the switch element according to the TRIAC holding current and the converter input current of an alternating current (AC) TRIAC. When the input current is less than the holding current, the bleeder circuit increases conduction time ratio of the pulse-width-modulated signal, such that the input current recovers to the holding current to maintain normal conduction of the AC TRIAC.

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02-08-2012 дата публикации

Apparatus and Method for Using an LED for Backlighting and Ambient Light Sensing

Номер: US20120194493A1
Автор: Walter Soto
Принадлежит: Broadcom Corp

Embodiments of a backlight module for illuminating a liquid crystal display (LCD) and sensing ambient light are provided herein. The backlight module includes a light-emitting diode (LED) array and a backlight controller. The backlight controller is configured to forward bias the LED array to backlight the LCD and reverse bias the LED array to sense the ambient light level. The backlight controller is configured to adjust the brightness of the LED array based on the current ambient lighting conditions sensed.

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16-08-2012 дата публикации

Led driving circuit

Номер: US20120206054A1
Автор: Sungeun Kim
Принадлежит: LG Innotek Co Ltd

An LED (Light Emitting device) driving circuit is disclosed, the circuit characterized by: at least two LED strings ( 120 ); at least two constant current control blocks ( 140 ) for respectively controlling a current path of the at least two LED strings; a detector ( 160 ) for detecting a voltage in the at least two constant current control blocks; and a power supply ( 200 ) for supplying a driving power to the at least two LED strings ( 120 ) in response to the detected voltage.

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23-08-2012 дата публикации

Pwm controlling circuit and led driver circuit having the same

Номер: US20120212141A1
Принадлежит: MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd

A Light Emitting Diode (LED) driver circuit and a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) controlling circuit thereof is provided. The LED driver circuit includes a voltage detector connected to a plurality of LED arrays, the voltage detector being configured to determine a connection status of each of the LED arrays according to a level of a feedback voltage of each of the LED arrays, and detect a minimum feedback voltage from the feedback voltage of each of the LED arrays that are determined to be connected, a controller configured to output a control signal to control boosting of the LED arrays according to the detected minimum feedback voltage, a PWM signal generator configured to output a PWM signal corresponding to the outputted control signal, and a driving voltage generator configured to supply a driving voltage commonly to the LED arrays according to the PWM signal.

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23-08-2012 дата публикации

Circuit module device with addresses generated by method of divided voltage

Номер: US20120212154A1
Принадлежит: Eorex Corp

A circuit module device with addresses generated by a method of divided voltage, in particular a specific circuit module device that is able to connect a plurality of circuit modules having various resistances with varied divided voltage and under this circumstance, it will be able to utilize various resistances with varied voltage values to create various specific addresses for the circuit modules thereof

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23-08-2012 дата публикации

Compact led work light

Номер: US20120212944A1
Принадлежит: Brasscorp Ltd

A work light having a work light body including handle section and light head section, an elongate housing, a battery compartment and a component chamber longitudinally aligned within the housing, a battery, an LED circuit board assembly extending longitudinally within the housing and having a substrate layer, an external component layer on a first side of the substrate layer, and a driving component layer on an opposing second side of the substrate layer. Overlapping portion of the LED circuit board assembly in close proximity to the battery. Also, at least one LED on the external component layer, the external component layer facing transaxially outwardly from the housing such that light emitting from the LED emits from the light head section. At least one driving component on the driving component layer, all driving components placed on an extending portion of the LED circuit board assembly over the component chamber.

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30-08-2012 дата публикации

Adaptive frequency control to change a light output level

Номер: US20120217889A1
Принадлежит: Osram Sylvania Inc

Systems and methods to change a light output level using adaptive frequency control are provided. A switched mode power converter is configured to switch output current to a light emitting diode (LED) module, which includes an LED lighting element, at a switching frequency. Control circuitry is configured to receive a dimming control input that corresponding to a desired light output level of the LED module. The control circuitry is also configured to provide a pulse width modulation (PWM) output configured to pulse width modulate the output current, the PWM output having a pulse width, a PWM frequency, and a PWM period corresponding to the PWM frequency. The control circuitry is also configured to adjust at least one of the PWM period and the switching period in response to a change in the dimming control input, such that a light output level of the LED module is appropriately changed.

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30-08-2012 дата публикации

Lighting Apparatus Using PN Junction Light-Emitting Element

Номер: US20120217891A1
Принадлежит: Wooree Lighting Co Ltd

The present disclosure discloses a lighting apparatus using a PN junction light-emitting element, the apparatus including: a power transmitting substrate having a plurality of boundaries defined thereon; a plurality of PN junction light-emitting elements positioned within each boundary and divided into a plurality of groups; and a first switch provided on the power transmitting substrate, wherein the first switch goes into the ON state by a supplied AC having a first voltage to cause PN junction light-emitting elements of a first group positioned within each boundary to emit light, and the first switch is in the OFF state when PN junction light-emitting elements of a second group, which is positioned within each boundary and connected in series to the first group, emit light by a supplied AC having a second voltage higher than the first voltage.

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06-09-2012 дата публикации

Led driving circuit and short-circuit protection circuit

Номер: US20120223644A1
Принадлежит: Green Solution Technology Co Ltd

An LED driving circuit, adapted to drive an LED module, is disclosed. The LED driving circuit comprises a converting circuit, a converting controller, and a short-circuit protection circuit. The converting circuit, having a capacitor coupled to the LED module, is coupled to an input power source to proceed converting operation to supply an output current for driving the LED module. The converting controller controls the converting circuit to provide a stable current flowing through the LED module. The short-circuit protection circuit is coupled to the LED module in series and cuts the current flowing through the LED module off when detecting that the current higher than a current protection value.

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06-09-2012 дата публикации

Control unit for led assembly and lighting system

Номер: US20120223649A1
Принадлежит: Eldolab Holding BV

A lighting system comprising an LED assembly that comprises a first and second LED unit said LED units being serial connected is described. The system comprises; a switched mode power supply for powering the LED assembly; a control unit for controlling the LED assembly the control unit being arranged to: receive an input signal representing a desired output characteristic of the LED assembly, determine a first and second duty cycle for the respective first and second LED units associated with a nominal current of the switched mode power supply, for providing the desired output characteristic, determine the largest of the first and second duty cycles for respective LED units, determine a reduced current based on at least the largest of the duty cycles, adjust the first and second duty cycle for respective LED units based on the reduced current or the largest of the duty cycles, provide output data for the LED assembly and the switched mode power supply based on the adjusted first and second duty cycles and the reduced current. The LED assembly of the system further comprises a capacitor connectable in parallel to the first and second LED units by operating a switch connected in series with the capacitor and wherein the control unit is arranged to control the switch based on at least one of the reduced current and the input signal.

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13-09-2012 дата публикации

Auto-switching triac compatibility circuit with auto-leveling and overvoltage protection

Номер: US20120229044A1
Автор: Louis Robert Nerone
Принадлежит: General Electric Co

Drivers and ballast circuits are presented having a boost converter with a triac compatibility circuit providing regulated current load to accommodate phase-cutting triac circuit holding current requirements, including auto switching driver circuit with overvoltage protection and an auto leveling circuit to regulate against thermal and load fluctuations.

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13-09-2012 дата публикации

Two-Peak Current Control for Flyback Voltage Converters

Номер: US20120230065A1
Принадлежит: MARVELL WORLD TRADE LTD

A system including a switch configured to supply power to a load. A first comparator is configured to compare a first current through the switch to a first threshold. A second comparator is configured to compare the first current through the switch to a second threshold. The second threshold is greater than the first threshold. A current control module is configured to turn off the switch (i) for a first duration in response to the first current through the switch being greater than or equal to the first threshold and (ii) for a second duration in response to the first current through the switch being greater than or equal to the second threshold. The current control module is configured to adjust the second duration based on a difference between an estimated current through the load and a desired current through the load.

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20-09-2012 дата публикации

Electronic control gear for operating at least one led and/or at least one discharge lamp

Номер: US20120235577A1
Принадлежит: OSRAM GMBH

An electronic control gear for operating at least one of at least one LED and at least one discharge lamp is provided. It may include a first terminal for coupling to a phase of an AC voltage supply; a second terminal for coupling to the neutral conductor of the AC voltage supply; a control input for coupling in a control signal of a control apparatus; a first output for coupling to the LED; a second output for coupling to the discharge lamp; a first driver circuit for the LED; a second driver circuit for the discharge lamp; an evaluation apparatus for evaluating the control signal at the control input, the evaluation apparatus comprising a microcontroller, which activates said driver circuits depending on the control signal, wherein a first capacitance is coupled between the second terminal and the control input.

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20-09-2012 дата публикации

Light emitting element with a plurality of cells bonded, method of manufacturing the same, and light emitting device using the same

Номер: US20120235583A1
Принадлежит: Seoul Optodevice Co Ltd

The present invention relates to a light emitting device including a light emitting element having a plurality of light emitting cells arranged on a substrate, a first electrode arranged on each light emitting cell of the plurality of light emitting cells, a second electrode arranged between the substrate and each light emitting cell of the plurality of light emitting cells, the second electrode being disposed to face the first electrode. The light emitting device also includes a conductive material electrically connecting the second electrode arranged under a first light emitting cell of the plurality of light emitting cells to the first electrode arranged on an adjacent second light emitting cell of the plurality of light emitting cells, and a control unit configured to control waveforms of a voltage and a current applied to the light emitting element.

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20-09-2012 дата публикации

Efficient electrically-isolated power circuits with application to light sources

Номер: US20120235588A1
Принадлежит: Light Based Technologies Inc

Solid state light sources are compatible with AC phase-cut dimmers. The light sources may have switching mode power supplies having primary and secondary sides that are in first and second circuit parts that are electrically isolated from one another. Information regarding a waveform of input electrical power is extracted in the first circuit part and passed to a controller in the second circuit part by way of a galvanic isolator. Additional isolated paths may be provided to provide bi-directional exchange of information between the first and second circuit parts and/or to provide for the exchange of additional information relevant to control. The signal path from the first side to the second side may have a low latency.

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20-09-2012 дата публикации

Light-source control device, light-source control method, image reading device, and image forming apparatus

Номер: US20120236373A1
Автор: Tadaaki OYAMA
Принадлежит: Ricoh Co Ltd

A light-source control device includes a light source including a first light emitter for emitting light and a second light emitter for emitting light due to the light emitted by the first light emitter; a constant current unit configured to maintain a current constant that is input via the light source from a power supply; a switching unit configured to switch the current to be input to the constant current unit at a designated duty ratio and cycle; and a control unit configured to control the current applied to the light source so that a rise transition time and a fall transition time of the current applied to the light source are nearly equal to each other.

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27-09-2012 дата публикации

Efficient illumination system for legacy street lighting systems

Номер: US20120243231A1
Принадлежит: Led Net Ltd

An LED lamp for outdoor and large space lighting, particularly for streets, warehouses car parks and the like, is adapted for fitting into legacy light fittings designed for sodium bulbs and the like. The LED lamp comprises a plurality of light emitting diodes arranged over a surface of the lamp, is rotatably connected through a rotatable electrical connection to a screw-in adaptor for insertion into a legacy screw-in socket, such that the screw in adaptor is rotatable independently of the lamp, so that the legacy screw in socket can be used even though the light fitting is too small to allow rotation of the LED lamp. Additional embodiments provide for cooling airflow through the light fitting, for temperature control of the LEDs, and for failure protection, to ensure a longest possible lamp lifetime.

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04-10-2012 дата публикации

Method and system for supplying multiple led drivers using the same traic dimmer

Номер: US20120249012A1
Автор: Abel Xu
Принадлежит: GRE ALPHA ELECTRONICS Ltd

An RCD transient absorption circuit, having a first port and a second port, the RCD transient absorption circuit comprising a first resistor, a capacitor and a diode, wherein: the first resistor is connected in parallel to the capacitor, and resultant parallel connection of which is connected in series to a diode; one end of the resultant parallel connection of the first resistor and the capacitor is connected to a cathode of the diode; another end of resultant parallel connection is the first port of the RCD transient absorption circuit; and the second port of the RCD transient absorption circuit is an anode of the diode; the RCD transient absorption circuit further comprises a power-trimming device connected in parallel to the first resistor and the capacitor.

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04-10-2012 дата публикации

OTA Feedback Mechanism for Fixed Feedback Voltage Regulators

Номер: US20120250379A1
Автор: Kevin D'Angelo
Принадлежит: Advanced Analogic Technologies Inc

An operational transconductance amplifier used in conjunction with a multiple chip voltage feedback technique allows multiple strings of LEDs and current sinks to be efficiently powered by a simple feedback oriented voltage regulator within an appliance. A connected series of differential amplifiers or multiplexors are used to monitor the voltages between the connected LEDs and the current sinks, in order to progressively determine the lowest voltage. The operational transconductance amplifier compares this voltage to a reference voltage and injects or removes current from the feedback node of a voltage regulator, thereby altering the voltage present at the feedback node. This causes the voltage regulator to adjust its output, ensuring that the current sinks of the LED strings have adequate voltage with which to function, even as the LEDs have different forward voltages and the strings are asynchronously enabled and disabled.

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11-10-2012 дата публикации

Identification display method and system

Номер: US20120256757A1
Принадлежит: International Business Machines Corp

A message presentation method and system is disclosed. The method includes receiving by a computer processor of an electrical device, data associated with a function of the electrical device. The electrical device comprises light emitting devices. The computer processor generates an identification code identifying the function, a first bit signal associated with a first bit of the identification code, and a second bit signal associated with a second bit of the identification code. The computer processor transmits the first bit signal to a first light emitting device. The first bit signal results in the first light emitting device indicating the first bit signal as a first illuminated color.

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18-10-2012 дата публикации

Renewable Energy Power Controller

Номер: US20120261992A1
Принадлежит: Individual

A system to provide power to a load from a renewable power source and an energy storage device, comprises input and isolation circuits for receiving power from renewable energy sources and to isolate each renewable energy source from one other, a battery charger circuit to charge a battery by receiving power from the renewable energy sources, a DC-to-AC power inverter having an input connected to the battery and an AC output to match an AC backup power source, and a switching circuit which connects the AC inverter input to a load, and switches to connect the AC backup power to the load when the battery voltage drops below a certain level.

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25-10-2012 дата публикации

Controller for a light fixture

Номер: US20120268009A1
Автор: Kuo-Tsun Lin
Принадлежит: Individual

A controller for a light fixture includes: a current-sampling circuit adapted to be connected electrically to the light fixture, and operable to generate a voltage signal corresponding to a current flowing through a light source of the light fixture; a voltage-processing circuit operable to perform at least one of voltage-amplification and voltage-rectification processes upon the voltage signal so as to generate a recognition signal; a signal-recognition unit configured to generate a control signal according to the recognition signal; a driver unit operable to generate a driver signal corresponding to the control signal; and a driving component adapted to be connected electrically to the light fixture, and driven by the driver signal for controlling operation of the light source of the light fixture.

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25-10-2012 дата публикации

Circuits and methods for driving light sources

Номер: US20120268023A1
Принадлежит: O2Micro Inc

A driving circuit for driving a light-emitting diode (LED) light source includes a buck-boost converter and a controller. The buck-boost converter receives an input voltage and an input current and powers the LED light source, and comprises a switch controlled by a driving signal. The controller receives a first signal indicating a current through the LED light source, and generates the driving signal based on the first signal to control the switch and to adjust the current through the LED light source. The buck-boost converter further comprises a current sensor which provides a second signal indicating an instant current flowing through the buck-boost converter, wherein the first signal is derived from the second signal, and wherein a reference ground of the controller is different from a ground of the driving circuit.

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25-10-2012 дата публикации

Power supply for airfield lighting

Номер: US20120268036A1
Автор: Leo Dubrovsky
Принадлежит: Individual

Disclosed herein is a power supply suitable for use with an airfield lighting device. In accordance with an example embodiment, there is disclosed herein, a rectifier that converts a signal from an alternating current (AC) current source to a direct current (DC) voltage. The circuit comprises a current sensor, a controller, and a half active bridge rectifier. The controller receives a signal from the current sensor and controls the operation of the half active bridge rectifier to produce a light emitting diode (LED) current based on the current sensed by the current sensor.

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01-11-2012 дата публикации

Multi-path constant current driving circuit

Номер: US20120274136A1
Принадлежит: Inventronics Hangzhou Co Ltd

A multi-path constant current driving circuit. In the multi-path constant current driving circuit, a current sharing transformer (T 31 , T 32 , T 33 , T 3 ( n −1)) is provided in power supply circuits which are provided with adjacent rectifier and filter units (Z 31 , Z 32 , Z 33 , Z 3 n ). A first winding of the current sharing transformer (T 31 , T 32 , T 33 , T 3 ( n −1)) is connected between a first terminal of a secondary winding of a first power supply circuit and the rectifier and filter unit (Z 31 , Z 32 , Z 33 , Z 3 n ) of the first power supply circuit. A second winding of the current sharing transformer (T 31 , T 32 , T 33 , T 3 ( n −1)) is connected between a first terminal of a secondary winding of a second power supply circuit and the rectifier and filter unit (Z 31 , Z 32 , Z 33 , Z 3 n ) of the second power supply circuit. In-phase current flows through the dotted terminal of the first winding and the synonym terminal of the second winding of the current sharing transformer (T 31 , T 32 , T 33 , T 3 ( n −1 )). The current sharing transformer (T 31 , T 32 , T 33 , T 3 ( n −1)) is used for sharing the current between the power supply circuits which are provided with the adjacent rectifier and filter units (Z 31 , Z 32 , Z 33 , Z 3 n ). The driving circuit is provided with high current sharing efficiency, a small size and a low cost.

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01-11-2012 дата публикации

Led drive circuit and led illumination light

Номер: US20120274230A1
Принадлежит: Individual

An LED drive circuit that is connectable to an a.c. power supply via a phase control type light adjuster and drives an LED load, including a discharge portion that consumes energy of a resonance phenomenon generated by a light adjuster capacitance component of the phase control type light adjuster and a light adjuster inductance component of the phase control type light adjuster when a current holding portion of the phase control type light adjuster is turned on.

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08-11-2012 дата публикации

Dimming apparatus transmitting control signals with ac power line

Номер: US20120280623A1
Принадлежит: Chicony Power Technology Co Ltd

A dimming apparatus transmitting control signals with AC power line ( 10 ) is applied to an alternating current power source ( 20 ), a light emitting diode driving power unit ( 40 ), and a light emitting diode unit ( 30 ). The dimming apparatus transmitting control signals with AC power line ( 10 ) includes an input voltage detection unit ( 102 ), a one-shot signal unit ( 104 ), an AND gate unit ( 106 ), a pulse width modulation dimming signal unit ( 108 ), an inductor unit ( 110 ), a first switch unit ( 114 ), a dimming signal recovery unit ( 124 ), and a second switch unit ( 122 ). The input voltage detection unit ( 102 ) is electrically connected to the alternating current power source ( 20 ), the inductor unit ( 110 ), and the one-shot signal unit ( 104 ). The AND gate unit ( 106 ) is electrically connected to the one-shot signal unit ( 104 ), the pulse width modulation dimming signal unit ( 108 ), and the first switch unit ( 114 ). The dimming signal recovery unit ( 124 ) is electrically connected to the light emitting diode driving power unit ( 40 ), the inductor unit ( 110 ), the first switch unit ( 114 ), and the second switch unit ( 122 ). The second switch unit ( 122 ) is electrically connected to the light emitting diode unit ( 30 ).

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15-11-2012 дата публикации

Lighting device for solid-state light source and illumination apparatus using same

Номер: US20120286686A1
Принадлежит: Panasonic Corp

A lighting device for lighting a solid-state light source includes: a DC power circuit unit for converting a power of an input DC power source using a switching element and flowing a current through a solid-state light source; and a control unit for performing a first switching control in which the switching element is turned on/off at a first high frequency and a second switching control in which an ON/OFF operation of the switching element is intermittently stopped at a second frequency lower than the first frequency of the first switching control. When the current flowing through the solid-state light source is changed, the second frequency is varied.

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29-11-2012 дата публикации

Apparatus and system for providing power to solid state lighting

Номер: US20120299483A1
Автор: Patrice R. Lethellier
Принадлежит: Point Somee LLC

An apparatus and computer readable storage medium are disclosed for supplying power to a load such as a plurality of light emitting diodes. A representative apparatus comprises a primary module, a first secondary module couplable to a first load, and a second secondary module couplable to a second load. The primary module comprises a transformer having a transformer primary. The first secondary module comprises a first transformer secondary magnetically coupled to the transformer primary, and the second secondary module comprises a second transformer secondary magnetically coupled to the transformer primary, with the second secondary module couplable through the first or second load to the first secondary module.

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29-11-2012 дата публикации

Led decorative light

Номер: US20120299488A1
Принадлежит: Individual

LED decorative light comprising DC power supply, main controller, and LED light chains; said main controller consists of key switch, crystal oscillating access circuit, and main control chip, with said key switch and crystal oscillating access circuit connected to said main control chip respectively; said main control chip pulse width modulation end outputs variable duty ratio PWM; said crystal oscillating circuit is used to provide instruction cycle required for main control chip; and said key switch is used to control operating state of main control chip; wherein said main controller also includes a voltage adjustment circuit, used to adjust DC power supply voltage to the value required for LED light chains, with input end of this circuit connected to said DC power supply, its control end connected to pulse width modulation end of said main control chip, and its output end connected to LED light chain input end.

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29-11-2012 дата публикации

Circuits and methods for driving light sources

Номер: US20120299502A1

A controller for controlling power to a light source includes a first sensing pin, a second sensing pin, a third sensing pin, and a driving pin. The first sensing pin receives a first signal indicating an instant current flowing through an energy storage element. The second sensing pin receives a second signal indicating an average current flowing through the energy storage element. The third sensing pin receives a third signal indicating whether the instant current decreases to a predetermined current level. The driving pin provides a driving signal to a switch to control an average current flowing through the light source to a target current level. The driving signal is generated based on one or more signals selected from the first signal, the second signal and the third signal.

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29-11-2012 дата публикации

Resonant fly-back power converter and led lighting unit powered therefrom

Номер: US20120299503A1
Автор: Ilan Aharon
Принадлежит: Nahorled Ltd

A method for controlling powering with a resonant fly-back power converter includes powering an output circuit including a load, with a inductor of a resonant fly-back power converter including a primary winding electrically connected to an input circuit of the fly-back converter and secondary winding electrically connected to the output circuit of the fly-back converter, operating the converter in a discontinuous conduction mode. Charging and discharging of the primary winding is controlled with a first and second switching element and a capacitor connected across the second switching element selected for resonating with the primary winding. Both first and second switching elements are operative to connect primary winding to an input voltage source over a defined on-time. The pulsing of the first and second switching elements is synchronized and the on-time of the second switching element is extended with respect to the on-time of the first switching element.

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06-12-2012 дата публикации

Power Factor Correction Circuit, Control circuit Therefor and Method for Driving Load Circuit through Power Factor Correction

Номер: US20120306459A1
Принадлежит: RICHTEK TECHNOLOGY CORP

The present invention discloses a power factor correction circuit, a control circuit therefor and a method for driving a power factor correction circuit. The power factor correction circuit receives rectified power obtained by rectifying AC power, and corrects the power factor thereof. The power factor correction circuit includes an inductor, and it generates a reference signal as a limit for the inductor current. The reference signal is proportional to Comp/Vin, wherein Comp is a signal relating to a feedback signal, and Vin is a voltage signal relating to the AC power or the rectified power.

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06-12-2012 дата публикации

Led lamp assembly with thermal management system

Номер: US20120307500A1
Принадлежит: Lumenetix Inc

A lighting system is described. The lighting system includes a lamp and a first container including a first phase change material thermally connected to the lamp. Heat generated by the lamp during operation is conducted to the first phase change material. The system also includes a second container including a second phase change material thermally connected to the lamp. Heat generated by the lamp during operation is also conducted to the second phase change material, and the second phase change material has a transition point temperature lower than the transition point temperature of the first phase change material of the first container to account for a temperature drop between the second container and the first container. The lighting system also includes a temperature sensor for reducing lamp power if the lamp becomes too hot, and a mounting bracket which may also conduct heat away from the lamp.

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13-12-2012 дата публикации

Power factor control for an led bulb driver circuit

Номер: US20120313520A1
Принадлежит: Switch Bulb Co Inc

A light-emitting diode (LED) bulb has a shell and a base attached to the shell. An LED is within the shell. A driver circuit provides current to the LED. The driver circuit has a power factor control circuit that includes a tracking circuit configured to produce a tracking signal indicative of the voltage of the supply line. The power factor control circuit also includes a switch-mode power supply (SMPS) controller having an input pin and an output pin. The tracking circuit is connected to the input pin. Based on the signal at the input pin, the SMPS controller is configured to change a duty cycle of an output signal on the output pin.

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13-12-2012 дата публикации

Light emitting apparatus

Номер: US20120313540A1
Принадлежит: Gio Optoelectronics Corp

A light emitting apparatus receives an external power and includes a light-emitting unit, two rectifiers, a first electrical connection element and a second electrical connection element. Each of the rectifiers has a first input terminal, a second input terminal, an output terminal and a ground terminal. The output terminals are electrically connected together and are electrically connected with the light-emitting unit. The first electrical connection element is electrically connected with the external power and the first input terminals. The second electrical connection element is electrically connected with the external power and the second input terminals. The light emitting apparatus can replace the traditional fluorescent tube without changing the circuit of the lighting.

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20-12-2012 дата публикации

Regulation of Wavelength Shift and Perceived Color of Solid State Lighting with Temperature Variation

Номер: US20120319585A1
Принадлежит: Point Somee LLC

Representative embodiments of the disclosure provide a system, apparatus, and method of controlling an intensity and spectrum of light emitted from a solid state lighting system. The solid state lighting system has a first emitted spectrum at full intensity and at a selected temperature, with a first electrical biasing for the solid state lighting system producing a first wavelength shift, and a second electrical biasing for the solid state lighting system producing a second, opposing wavelength shift. Representative embodiments provide for receiving information designating a selected intensity level or a selected temperature and providing a combined first electrical biasing and second electrical biasing to the solid state lighting system to generate emitted light having the selected intensity level and having a second emitted spectrum within a predetermined variance of the first emitted spectrum over a predetermined range of temperatures.

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20-12-2012 дата публикации

Apparatus for and method of controlling dimming of street lamp

Номер: US20120319598A1
Принадлежит: Samsung LED Co Ltd

A dimming controlling apparatus including: a lighting driving unit for driving a lighting appliance; a power supply unit for supplying power required to drive the lighting appliance; a storage unit for storing a plurality of dimming profiles including time zones for driving the lighting appliance and dimming levels in accordance to the time zones; and a controller for controlling the lighting driving unit and the power supply unit by using the dimming profiles. An operating time of the lighting appliance is divided into a plurality of time zones, and dimming profiles are generated to include an intensity of illumination for driving the lighting appliance in each of the plurality of time zones and each of the time zones.

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20-12-2012 дата публикации

Method to supply power to an led array as well as the circuit arrangement for implementing the method

Номер: US20120319603A1
Принадлежит: Hella KGaA Huek and Co

The present invention relates to a method to supply power to an LED array, comprising at least two LED branches connected in parallel, in each of which at least one LED is arranged. The LED array is supplied with predetermined power from a current source connected in series, wherein currents are measured in the LED branches, wherein the measured currents are compared in control electronics, and wherein the currents are controlled in a part of the LED branches such that they have a defined ratio with respect to one another in the LED branches. The method is intended to be improved such that it can be carried out economically and with simple means. This is achieved in that one of the LED branches is selected to be the master whose current is utilized as the target specification for the remaining LED branches. The invention further relates to a circuit arrangement for implementing the method according to the invention as well as a lighting unit with such type of circuit arrangement.

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03-01-2013 дата публикации

Light emitting element driving circuit

Номер: US20130002161A1
Принадлежит: Semiconductor Components Industries LLC

A light emitting element driving circuit comprising: a rectifying circuit; a voltage-dividing circuit; a transistor increasing or reducing a driving current of a light emitting element according to turning on or off a rectified voltage; a control circuit bringing the transistor to an on or off state at predetermined intervals and bringing the transistor to the other state when a voltage according to a current flowing through the transistor increases and becomes the reference voltage being divided voltage obtained by dividing the rectified voltage; and a voltage-dividing ratio adjustment circuit to set a voltage-dividing ratio of the voltage dividing circuit as a first voltage-dividing ratio to reduce the reference voltage when an amplitude of the rectified voltage is larger than predetermined amplitude and to set the voltage-dividing ratio as a second voltage-dividing ratio to increase the reference voltage when an amplitude of the rectified voltage is smaller than predetermined amplitude.

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03-01-2013 дата публикации

Compact high efficiency remote led module

Номер: US20130003346A1
Принадлежит: Cree Inc

Solid state modules and fixtures comprising different combinations and arrangements of a light source, one or more wavelength conversion materials, thermally conductive connection adapters allowing dissipation of heat outside of the module, and a remote power supply unit. This arrangement allows for greater thermal efficiency and reliability while employing solid state lighting and providing emission patterns that are equivalent with ENERGY STAR® standards. Some embodiments additionally place compensation circuits, previously included with power supply units, on the optical element itself, remote from the power supply unit. Various embodiments of the invention may be used to address many of the difficulties associated with utilizing efficient solid state light sources such as LEDs in the fabrication of lamps or bulbs suitable for direct replacement of traditional incandescent bulbs or fixtures using bulbs.

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