СПОСОБ ОЧИСТКИ ОТ СЕРЫ

Изобретение относится к восстановительно-окислительному способу обработки газа, не подвергшегося сероочистке, с применением окислительного аппарата высокого давления в сочетании с абсорбером. Способ очистки от серы включает непрерывную подачу потока кислого газообразного углеводорода, содержащего сероводород в абсорбер, работающий при давлении Р1, превышающем 100 ф/дюйм, контактирование кислого газа с водным раствором катализатора в абсорбере для превращения сероводорода в элементарную серу в твердом виде и получения отработанного раствора катализатора, содержащего серу в твердом виде, удаление потока газа из абсорбера, закачивание раствора отработанного катализатора, содержащего серу в твердом виде в окислитель, работающий при давлении Р2, где Р2≥Р1+5 ф/дюйм, регулирование давления в окислителе путем мониторинга давления в абсорбере и изменения давления регулятором давления на вытяжной линии окислителя, окисление раствора отработанного катализатора при помощи сжатого воздуха в окислителе ...

УЛУЧШЕННЫЙ СПОСОБ УДАЛЕНИЯ И РЕГЕНЕРИРОВАНИЯ H2S ИЗ ГАЗОВОГО ПОТОКА

СПОСОБ УДАЛЕНИЯ ТЕРМИЧЕСКИ СТАБИЛЬНЫХ СОЛЕЙ ИЗ ПОГЛОТИТЕЛЕЙ КИСЛОТНЫХ ГАЗОВ

... 1. Способ регенерации поглотителя кислотных газов, содержащего амин и термически стабильные соли, посредством разделения фаз, включающийa) смешивание поглотителя кислотных газов со щелочным раствором, с образованием смеси со значением рН, превышающим точку эквивалентности рН амина;b) охлаждение смеси до температуры ниже 50°С;c) разделение смеси на регенерированный поглотитель кислотных газов и поток отходов;d) сбор регенерированного поглотителя кислотных газов, выделенного из потока отходов.2. Способ по п.1, в котором стадию с) осуществляют посредством оставления смеси в покое в течение, по меньшей мере, 30 минут, предпочтительно, в пределах от 1 часа до 10 часов, более предпочтительно, от 1 часа до 3 часов, чтобы сделать возможным разделение регенерированного поглотителя кислотного газа и потока отходов.3. Способ по п.1 или 2, где поглотитель кислотных газов представляет собой водный аминовый растворитель, предпочтительно, раствор диамина, более предпочтительно, раствор, содержащий N-( ...

Carbon dioxide sequestration using aqueous hydroxide solution of alkali and alkaline earth metals

A method of carbon dioxide sequestration, the method including providing an aqueous solution of a group 1 metal hydroxide such as sodium and a group 2 metal hydroxide such as calcium in an elongate receptacle (10). A source material containing gaseous carbon dioxide (is) continuously passed into the receptacle (10), and the carbonate product formed by reaction of the carbon dioxide with the hydroxide is removed as a slurry or solution from one end of the receptacle (10).

PROCEDURE FOR THE DECREASE OF THE POLLUTANT EMISSION WITH GLASS FURNACES

System and method of carbon capture and sequestration

Carbon dioxide capturing system and method of operating same

In one embodiment, a carbon dioxide capturing system includes an absorption tower configured to bring a treatment target gas containing carbon dioxide into contact with an absorption liquid, and to discharge the absorption liquid having 5 absorbed the carbon dioxide. The system further includes a regeneration tower configured to make the absorption liquid discharged from the absorption tower dissipate the carbon dioxide, and to discharge the absorption liquid having dissipated the carbon dioxide. The system further includes a treatment 10 target gas line configured to introduce the treatment target gas into the absorption tower, a first introduction module configured to introduce a first gas having a higher carbon dioxide concentration than the treatment target gas into the treatment target gas line, and a second introduction module configured to 15 introduce a second gas having a lower carbon dioxide concentration than the treatment target gas into the treatment target gas line.

ION TRANSPORT MEMBRANE MODULE AND VESSEL SYSTEM WITH DIRECTED INTERNAL GAS FLOW

An ion transport membrane system comprising (a) a pressure vessel having an interior, an inlet adapted to introduce gas into the interior of the vessel, an outlet adapted to withdraw gas from the interior of the vessel, and an axis; (b) a plurality of planar ion transport membrane modules disposed in the interior of the pressure vessel and arranged in series, each membrane module comprising mixed metal oxide ceramic material and having an interior region and an exterior region; and (c) one or more gas flow control partitions disposed in the interior of the pressure vessel and adapted to change a direction of gas flow within the vessel.

CO2 - CAPTURE IN MOLTEN SALTS

The present invention concerns carbon dioxide capture from waste gas, where metal oxides dissolved in salt melts are used as absorbents.

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR REMOVING SULPHUR DIOXIDE FROM A GAS

ION TRANSPORT MEMBRANE MODULE AND VESSEL SYSTEM WITH DIRECTION INTERNAL GAS FLOW

An ion transport membrane system comprising (a) a pressure vessel having an interior, an inlet adapted to introduce gas into the interior of the vessel, an outlet adapted to withdraw gas from the interior of the vessel, and an axis; (b) a plurality of planar ion transport membrane modules disposed in the interior of the pressure vessel and arranged in series, each membrane module comprising mixed metal oxide ceramic material and having an interior region and an exterior region; and (c) one or more gas flow control partitions disposed in the interior of the pressure vessel and adapted to change a direction of gas flow within the vessel.

AIR TREATMENT SYSTEMS AND METHODS

An air treatment unit may include an air inlet to receive a flow of input air for treatment and a reaction reservoir configured to hold an aqueous air treatment solution. The air treatment unit may also include an air dispersing element flow connected with the air inlet, wherein the air dispersing element is configured to convert at least a portion of the flow of input air into a plurality of microbubbles for introduction into the aqueous air treatment solution, such that an amount of one or more target gas species contained within the plurality of microbubbles is reduced through reaction with the aqueous air treatment solution. The unit may include an air outlet configured to output treated air from the reaction reservoir.

METHOD FOR CAPTURING CO2 FROM EXHAUST GAS

The présent invention relates to a method for capturing CO2 from exhaust gas in an absorber (A1 ), wherein the CO2 containing gas is passed through an aqueous absorbent slurry wherein said aqueous absorbent slurry comprises an inorganic alkali carbonate, bicarbonate and at least one of an absorption promoter and a catalyst, and wherein the CO2 is converted to solids by précipitation in the absorber, said slurry having the precipitated solids is conveyed to a separating device (F1), in which the solids are separated off, essentially ail of at least one of the absorption promoter and catalyst is recycled together with the remaining aqueous phase to the absorber.

GAS LIQUID CONTACTOR AND EFFLUENT CLEANING SYSTEM AND METHOD

The invention relates to a gas liquid contactor and effluent cleaning system and method and more particularly to an array of nozzles configured to produce uniformly spaced flat liquid jets shaped to minimize disruption from a gas. An embodiment of the invention is directed towards a gas liquid contactor module including a liquid inlet and outlet and a gas inlet and outlet. An array of nozzles is in communication with the liquid inlet and the gas inlet. The array of nozzles is configured to produce uniformly spaced flat liquid jets shaped to minimize disruption from a gas flow and maximize gas flow and liquid flow interactions while rapidly replenishing the liquid.

CARBON DIOXIDE CAPTURE AND SEPARATION SYSTEM

The purpose of the present invention is to inhibit a CO2 absorption tower in which a CO2 trapping agent is contained from decreasing in CO2 trapping amount due to an increase in the internal temperature thereof caused by the heat of CO2 trapping reaction. In a CO2 recovery system for recovering CO2 from a CO2-containing gas, CO2 trapping agents of two or more different kinds are disposed in the absorption tower.

СПОСОБ УДАЛЕНИЯ СУЛЬФИДА ИЗ ЩЕЛОЧНЫХ ПРОМЫВНЫХ ВОД

Щелочные растворы, образующиеся при экстрагировании сульфида из углеводородных текучих сред, могут быть обработаны при помощи сочетания одной или более электродиализных ячеек и биореактора. Электродиализная ячейка (2) содержит анод (4), катод (5), источник электропитания (7) и первую (12) и вторую (11) камеры, отделенные одна от другой анионообменной мембраной (9). Щелочной раствор подают в первую камеру с катодной стороны, а дилюат (обедненный сульфидом поток), выходящий из первой камеры, имеет пониженное содержание сульфида и может быть повторно использован в виде щелочного экстрагирующего раствора. Концентрат (обогащенный сульфидом поток), выходящий из второй камеры, обрабатывают в биореакторе (3) для удаления сульфида и затем возвращают.

СПОСОБ УДАЛЕНИЯ СУЛЬФИДА ИЗ ЩЕЛОЧНЫХ ПРОМЫВНЫХ ВОД

Щелочные растворы, образующиеся при экстрагировании сульфида из углеводородных текучих сред, могут быть обработаны при помощи сочетания одной или более электродиализных ячеек и биореактора. Электродиализная ячейка содержит анод, катод, источник электропитания и первую и вторую камеры, отделенные одна от другой анионообменной мембраной. Щелочной раствор подают в первую камеру с катодной стороны, а дилюат (обедненный сульфидом поток), выходящий из первой камеры, имеет пониженное содержание сульфида и может быть повторно использован в виде щелочного экстрагирующего раствора. Концентрат (обогащенный сульфидом поток), выходящий из второй камеры, обрабатывают в биореакторе для удаления сульфида и затем возвращают.

AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES FOR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION AIR AND DEVICE FOR CATALYSIS OF COMBUSTION, CONTAINING SUCH SOLUTION (VARIANTS)

FEED GAS CONTAMINANT REMOVAL IN ION TRANSPORT MEMBRANE SYSTEMS

APPARATUS FOR REMOVING NITROGEN OXIDES AND METHOD FOR REMOVING NITROGEN OXIDES

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING AN OFF-GAS STREAM

산성 가스의 포집 및 방출 방법

... 일 실시예에서, 본 발명은 조성물 내로 적어도 하나의 산성가스 포집, 그 가스를 상기 조성물로부터 방출, 및 이어서 재사용을 위한 상기 조성물의 재생 방법을 제공한다. 상기 방법은: (a) 적어도 하나의 카르복실산 염과, 적어도 하나의 물과 혼합되는 비-수계 용매를 포함하는 포집용 조성물과 접촉시킴으로써, 적어도 하나의 산성가스를 포집하는 단계; (b) 적어도 하나의 양성자성 용매 또는 제제를 상기 조성물에 첨가함으로써 상기 적어도 하나의 산성가스를 방출시키는 단계; 및 (c) 상기 조성물로부터 상기 첨가된 양성자성 용매 또는 제제를 일부 또는 완전히 제거함으로써 포집용 조성물을 재생하는 단계 를 차례로 행하는 것을 포함한다. 선택적으로는, 상기 포집용 조성물은 적어도 하나의 카르복실산 염, 및 적어도 하나의 물과 혼합되는 비수성 용매를 포함하며, 추가로 물 또는 다른 양성자성 용매를 포함한다. 또 다른 태양에서는, 본 발명의 조성물은 적어도 하나의 양성자성 용매 또는 제제를 포함하고, 상기 적어도 하나의 산성가스의 방출은 공기 흐름으로써 상기 조성물에 가열이나 탈거를 행하여 이루어진다. 본 방법은 전형적으로 이산화탄소의 포집 및 뒤이은 방출에 적용되며, 저렴한 소비재를 사용하는 편리하고 간단한 방법과, 종래 기술에 비해 현저한 이익을 제공한다.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR ACID GAS REMOVAL

A method and system for the selective removal of CO2 and/or H2S from a gaseous stream containing one or more acid gases. In particular, a system and method for separating CO2 and/or H2S from a gas mixture containing an acid gas using an absorbent solution and one or more ejector venturi nozzles in flow communication with one or more absorbent contactors. The method involves contacting a gas mixture containing at least one acid gas with the absorbent solution under conditions sufficient to cause absorption of at least a portion of said acid gas. The absorbent contactors operate in co-current flow and are arranged in a counter-current configuration to increase the driving force for mass transfer. Monoliths can be used that operate in a Taylor flow or slug flow regime. The absorbent solution is treated under conditions sufficient to cause desorption of at least a portion of the acid gas.

Filter for removing a sulfur-containing-gas and method for removing a sulfur-containing-gas using the same

Provided is a filter for removing a sulfur-containing-gas (1), which removes the sulfur-containing-gas by being brought into contact with the sulfur-containing-gas in a gas flow path, the filter including a former filter (11) disposed on an upstream side of the gas flow path, and a latter filter (12) disposed on a downstream side of the gas flow path, wherein the former filter (11) includes a first material for removing a sulfur-containing-gas, the first material including a porous support, and iodine which is supported on the porous support, and is produced by catalytic pyrolysis of ammonium iodide at a thermal decomposition ratio of 80% or more by use of the porous support as a catalyst, and the latter filter (12) includes a second material for removing a sulfur-containing-gas, the second material including an activated carbon fiber, and an alkali component which is supported on the activated carbon fiber.

Feed gas contaminant removal in ion transport membrane systems

Method for gas purification comprising (a) obtaining a feed gas stream containing one or more contaminants selected from the group consisting of volatile metal oxy-hydroxides, volatile metal oxides, and volatile silicon hydroxide; (b) contacting the feed gas stream with a reactive solid material in a guard bed and reacting at least a portion of the contaminants with the reactive solid material to form a solid reaction product in the guard bed; and (c) withdrawing from the guard bed a purified gas stream.

PROCESS FOR REMOVING AND RECOVERING H2S FROM A GAS STREAM BY CYCLIC ADSORPTION

A process for altering the composition of a feed gas containing H2S equivalents is disclosed. The process comprises (a) contacting the feed gas with a solid adsorbent at a temperature of 250-500° C., to obtain a loaded adsorbent, (b) purging the loaded adsorbent with a purge gas comprising steam, thus producing a product stream which typically contains substantially equal levels of CO2 and H2S. The process further comprises a step (c) of regenerating the purged adsorbent by removal of water. The adsorbent comprises alumina and one or more alkali metals, such as potassium oxides, hydroxide or the like.

Processes for producing high-purity trifluoroiodomethane

The present disclosure provides a method for purifying trifluoroiodomethane. The method includes providing a process stream comprising trifluoroiodomethane, organic impurities, and acid impurities; reacting the process stream with a basic aqueous solution, the basic aqueous solution comprising water and at least one base selected from the group of an alkali metal carbonate and an alkali metal hydroxide; and separating at least some of the organic impurities from the process stream.

СПОСОБЫ И АКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ ДЛЯ СНИЖЕНИЯ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ ГАЛОГЕНИДА В ГАЗОВЫХ ПОТОКАХ

GASADSORPTIONSYSTEM FÜR EIN GERÄT ZUM WIEDEREINATMEN VON AUSGEATMETER LUFT

Verfahren zur Aufreinigung von Kohlendioxid enthaltenden Prozessgasen aus der Herstellung von Vinylacetat

Gegenstand der Erfindung sind Verfahren zur Aufreinigung von Kohlendioxid enthaltenden Prozessgasen aus der Herstellung von Vinylacetat nach Umsetzung von Ethylen mit Essigsäure und Sauerstoff in heterogen katalysierten, kontinuierlichen Gasphasenprozessen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Kohlendioxid enthaltende Prozessgase zur Entfernung von Kohlendioxid mit einer oder mehreren Waschlösungen in Kontakt gebracht werden und ein oder mehrere Waschlösungen ein oder mehrere Oxide von Metallen (Metalloxide) ausgewählt aus der Gruppe umfassend Vanadium, Niob, Tantal, Chrom, Molybdän, Mangan und Arsen enthalten.

Carbon dioxide sequestration using aqueous hydroxide solution of alkali and alkaline earth metals

Process for Removing Sulphur Dioxide from a Gas

... 1,160,197. Removing sulphur dioxide from gases. LUMMUS CO. 23 April, 1968 [24 April. 1967], No. 19188/68. Heading C1A. Sulphur dioxide is removed from a gas by contacting the gas with a metal carbonate to produce a metal sulphite, the carbonate being regenerated by reacting the metal sulphite with carbon monoxide to give the carbonate, carbon dioxide and sulphur. In the described process (see Figure) a gas containing SO 2 is passed via 10 into absorber 11 charged with an alkalimetal or alkaline-earth metal or zinc carbonate at 250-1000‹ F., the purified gas being passed out via 26. After a period of time absorption of SO 2 in 11 is stopped, and the gas instead passed into a similar absorber 12. The absorbent in 11 is then regenerated at 1000-1800‹ F. with carbon monoxide to give carbonate, sulphur and carbon dioxide. The gaseous sulphur is condensed in 30 and 34, while the CO 2 is reduced to CO by a carbonaceous material, such as coke, in 37 and may be reused in the regeneration. Any SO ...

Plasma abatement

An apparatus and method for treating an effluent stream 9A from a semiconductor processing tool are disclosed. The plasma abatement apparatus 100 A comprises a plasma device configured to generate a plasma stream 10 from a plasma gas 5A. An effluent stream aperture 9B is configured to convey the effluent stream 9A into the plasma stream 10 for treatment. A first aperture 11B is positioned to deliver a reducing reactant 11A, such as a hydrocarbon or alkaline metal or salt, to a first region 6 of the plasma stream 10. A second aperture 12B is positioned to deliver an oxidising reactant 12A, such as oxygen or ozone, to a second region 7 of the plasma stream 10. The second region 7 is located at a position of the plasma stream 10 which is cooler than the first region 6. The absence of the oxidizing reactant in this hotter region 6 reduces the presence of thermally created oxides and the oxidizing reactant in the cooler region helps to remove by-products generated by the reducing reaction.

Carbon dioxide capture and related processes

Gas liquid contactor and effluent cleaning system and method

The invention relates to a gas liquid contactor and effluent cleaning system and method and more particularly to an array of nozzles configured to produce uniformly spaced flat liquid jets shaped to minimize disruption from a gas. An embodiment of the invention is directed towards a gas liquid contactor module including a liquid inlet and outlet and a gas inlet and outlet. An array of nozzles is in communication with the liquid inlet and the gas inlet. The array of nozzles is configured to produce uniformly spaced flat liquid jets shaped to minimize disruption from a gas flow and maximize gas flow and liquid flow interactions while rapidly replenishing the liquid.

Sorbents for removal of mercury

Methods and systems for reducing mercury emissions from fluid streams are provided herein, as are adsorbent materials having high volumetric iodine numbers.

ARGON/OXYGEN SELECTIVE X-ZEOLITE

An AgX-type zeolite having a silver exchange level of 20-70% and a Ar/O2 Henry's law selectivity ratio at 23.degree.C of 1.05 or greater has an optimum combination of selectivity for argon over oxygen at lower cost than higher silver exchange levels. This material can be used in oxygen VSA/PSA processes to produce oxygen at purities above 97%.

PROCESS FOR THE REMOVAL OF HEAT STABLE SALTS FROM ACID GAS ABSORBENTS

A process for the regeneration of an acid gas absorbent comprising an amine and heat stable salts by phase separation, comprising a) mixing the acid gas absorbent with an alkaline solution, to form a mixture with a pH above the pH equivalence point of the amine; b) cooling the mixture to a temperature below 500C; c) separating the mixture into a regenerated acid gas absorbent and a waste stream; d) collecting the regenerated acid gas absorbent separate from the waste stream.

METHOD OF CAPTURING CO2 BY MEANS OF CAO AND THE EXOTHERMIC REDUCTION OF A SOLID

The present invention describes a cyclic method for recovering CO2 present in gaseous streams, in which said gaseous stream is reacted with solid CaO and a second solid or the oxidized form of said second solid, characterized in that the reaction is a highly exothermic reduction reaction. The heat released in the course of this reduction reaction is utilized to break down the CaCO3 formed. The thermodynamic and kinetic characteristics of the method of the present invention mean that said method is ideal for removing the CO2 present in gaseous streams originating from processes such as hydrocarbon reforming or carbon-fuel combustion.

CO2 RECOVERY SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPERATING SAME

A CO2 recovery system is provided with a CO2 sorbing unit having a sorbent container filled with a solid CO2 sorbent, a heat transfer part for heating and cooling the CO2 sorbent, a first pipe for introducing CO2 containing gas into the sorbent container, a third pipe for introducing water vapor into the heat transfer part to desorb CO2 from the CO2 sorbent, a fifth pipe for introducing cooling water into the heat transfer part, a sixth pipe for discharging condensed water from the heat transfer part, the condensed water being generated when the water vapor is introduced into the heat transfer part, and a first valve for controlling a flow rate of the condensed water flowing through the sixth pipe, a retention container for retaining the condensed water discharged from the heat transfer part, an eighth pipe for discharging the condensed water from the retention container, a second valve for controlling a flow rate of the condensed water flowing through the eighth pipe, and a flowmeter for ...

GAS-LIQUID CONTACT SYSTEM

A gas-liquid contact system for absorption of gaseous contaminants in an absorptive liquid where contact is attained by a controlled flow relationship between the gas and the liquid forming a fluidized liquid mass for intimate contact between the two.

FILTER AND METHOD FOR MAKING A FILTER

A filter is provided which includes an organic vapor adsorbing layer, a first particulate removal layer, and a second particulate removal layer. The organic vapor adsorbing layer includes porous adsorbent beads which allow air or gas to flow therethrough with little resistance and provide increased surface area by virtue of the pores. The particulate removal layer can be made from an electrostatic and/or polytetraflouroethylene. The filter can have a figure or merit greater than about 10 and a capacity for permanently adsorbing organic vapors, wherein the figure of merit is calculated based upon a fractional efficiency determined for particles having a size of 0.3 .mu.m in an air flow having a velocity of 10.5 ft./min. and for Frazier permeability at 0.5 inches H2O.

METHOD OF DENITRIFICATION OF GAS AND PLANT

УДАЛЕНИЕ ЗАГРЯЗНИТЕЛЕЙ ИЗ ПИТАЮЩЕГО ГАЗА В МЕМБРАННЫХ СИСТЕМАХ ИОННОГО ТРАНСПОРТА

Способ очистки газа, включающий (а) получение питающего газового потока, содержащего одну или более загрязнителей, выбранных из группы, состоящей из летучих оксигидроксидов металлов, летучих оксидов металлов и летучего гидроксида кремния; (b) контактирование питающего газового потока с активным твердым материалом в защитном слое и взаимодействие по меньшей мере части загрязнителей с активным твердым материалом, с формированием твердых продуктов реакции в защитном слое и (с) извлечение из защитного слоя очищенного потока газа.

Carbon dioxide composite getter

MEDIUM Of AQUEOUS EXTRACTION CONTAINING a CARBONATE AND a THIOL USES IN a PROCESS OF SEPARATION OF the CARBON DIOXIDE CONTAINED IN a GAS EFFLUENT

MEDIUM Of AQUEOUS EXTRACTION CONTAINING a CARBONATE AND a THIOL USES IN a PROCESS OF SEPARATION OF the CARBON DIOXIDE CONTAINED IN a GAS EFFLUENT

La présente invention décrit un milieu d'extraction du dioxyde de carbone, utilisé dans un procédé de captage du dioxyde de carbone contenu dans un effluent gazeux, comprenant en milieu aqueux l'association d'une base particulière choisie parmi les carbonates et/ou les hydrogénocarbonates avec un composé choisi parmi les thiols. Le procédé de captage du dioxyde de carbone consiste à réaliser les étapes suivantes : a) la mise en contact du gaz à traiter contenant du CO2 avec ledit milieu d'extraction, de manière à obtenir un gaz appauvri en CO2 et un milieu d'extraction riche en CO2, b) la régénération du milieu d'extraction riche en CO2, pour obtenir un milieu d'extraction à nouveau utilisable et générer un gaz très riche en CO2.

Simple and cheap device for absorbing humidity in a controlled manner using a pouch made of two materials and containing an adsorbant

L'invention a pour objet un dispositif (1) pour l'absorption de l'humidité comprenant un absorbant d'humidité (6), une paroi comprenant une première région (2) et une deuxième région (3), ledit dispositif étant caractérisé par le fait que : - la première région (2) de la paroi est imperméable aux liquides mais perméable à l'humidité ; - la deuxième région (3) de la paroi est imperméable aux liquides ; ladite paroi définissant un volume imperméable aux liquides et contenant l'absorbant d'humidité (6).

A fuel gas treatment apparatus for Carbon dioxide capture process and the method

Vacuum pump with abatement function

A vacuum pump with abatement function is used for evacuating a chamber of a manufacturing apparatus. The vacuum pump with abatement function includes a vacuum pump having a discharge port to which at least one abatement part for treating an exhaust gas discharged from the vacuum pump to make the exhaust gas harmless is attached. The abatement part is selected from a plurality of abatement parts having different treatment types of exhaust gas and/or different treatment amounts of exhaust gas and/or different treatment performances of exhaust gas.

METHOD OF REDUCING AN AMOUNT OF MERCURY IN A FLUE GAS

The subject matter disclosed herein relates to a method of reducing the amount of mercury discharged to an environment in a flue gas (12) generated by combustion of a fuel source. The method includes contacting the flue gas with a moist pulverous material upstream of a particle separator (24), mixing powdered activated carbon (PAC) in an amount between about 0.5 lb/MMacf and 10 lbs/MMacf with the flue gas (12) upstream of the particle separator (24), wherein the PAC interacts with at least a portion of mercury containing compounds in the flue gas (12), and separating the mercury containing compounds from the flue gas (12) containing the moist pulverous material and PAC, thereby reducing the amount of mercury in the flue gas (12).

GAS-USING FACILITY INCLUDING PORTABLE DRY SCRUBBER SYSTEM AND/OR OVER-PRESSURE CONTROL ARRANGEMENT

A gas-using facility including a portable dry scrubber system and/or over-pressure control arrangement. The portable dry scrubber system is of a unitary modular form, accommodating transport and ready set-up, take-down, and redeployment in the process facility. The over-pressure control arrangement provides capability for release of over-pressure gas from a compressed gas storage vessel during an over-pressure event, e.g., overheating of a compressed gas cylinder during a semiconductor foundry fire, while avoiding the bulk release of the entire vessel contents that occurs when conventional pressure relief devices are employed.

ADSORBENT ASSEMBLY COMPRISING POLYPROPYLENE FILTERING LAYER FOR REMOVING GASEOUS CONTAMINANTS

An adsorbent filter assembly for removing contaminants and impurities. The assembly includes a microporous polypropylene membrane disposed over an adsorbent element.

Air treatment systems and methods

An air treatment unit may include an air inlet to receive a flow of input air for treatment and a reaction reservoir configured to hold an aqueous air treatment solution. The air treatment unit may also include an air dispersing element flow connected with the air inlet, wherein the air dispersing element is configured to convert at least a portion of the flow of input air into a plurality of microbubbles for introduction into the aqueous air treatment solution, such that an amount of one or more target gas species contained within the plurality of microbubbles is reduced through reaction with the aqueous air treatment solution. The unit may include an air outlet configured to output treated air from the reaction reservoir.

Process for removing sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from flue gas using chlorine dioxide

Disclosed herein is a process for removing sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) from flue gas using chlorine dioxide (ClO2). In the process, chlorine dioxide is allowed to react with flue gas in an alkaline solution so as to be able to simultaneously remove sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from the flue gas. In the simultaneous removal of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from flue gas using the process, chlorine dioxide is produced by side reactions, and the produced chlorine dioxide can be used to remove sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from flue gas.

Multi-compression system and process for capturing carbon dioxide

The present disclosure provides a multiple-compression system and a process for capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) from a flue gas stream containing CO2. The disclosure also provides a process for regeneration of the carbon dioxide capture media.

Air cleaning adsorption process

A process for air cleaning by the removal of water and one or more undesirable gases such as NOx, SOx and CO2 by a continuous atmospheric pressure and low pressure drop system wherein the adsorbent body is a wheel of thin sheets or layers of fibrous material containing about 10 to 90% by weight of a finely divided crystalline molecular sieve material. The process is especially useful for the removal of NO2 from confined areas.

METHOD FOR REMOVING HARMFUL SUBSTANCE IN VENT GAS

METHOD FOR MATURING GAME OR BEEF AND USE OF AN ELEMENT THEREFOR

ХИМИЧЕСКОЕ СОЕДИНЕНИЕ ДЛЯ КАТАЛИЗА ГОРЕНИЯ И УСТРОЙСТВО, ИСПОЛЬЗУЮЩЕЕ УКАЗАННОЕ СОЕДИНЕНИЕ

Группа изобретений может быть использована в химической промышленности. Водный раствор химических соединений для обработки воздуха горения или его части, горелок или камер сгорания применяется в устройстве, предназначенном для катализа горения жидкого и газообразного топлива, а также твердых видов топлива. Указанный раствор включает хлориды щелочных металлов, нитраты щелочных металлов, нитрат аммония и неорганическую соль - бихромат калия, обладающую бактерицидной функцией. Количество хлоридов щелочных металлов составляет от 25 до 134 г на литр воды, количество нитратов щелочных металлов и нитрата аммония составляет от 0,175 до 128 г на литр воды, а количество бихромата калия составляет от 0,086 до 0,375 г на литр воды раствора. Устройство содержит резервуар с указанным водным раствором химических соединений, через который барботируют воздух горения или его часть. Устройство может дополнительно содержать второй резервуар второго водного раствора, в котором растворена смесь аммиака, пропиленового ...

ПРОМЫВНОЙ РАСТВОР ДЛЯ ПОГЛОЩЕНИЯ ДИОКСИДА УГЛЕРОДА ПРИ УМЕНЬШЕННОМ ОБРАЗОВАНИИ НИТРОЗАМИНОВ

... 1. Промывной раствор (A) для поглощения диоксида углерода из дымового газа (RG) установки сжигания, содержащий по меньшей мере один аминосодержащий абсорбент (20), а также по меньшей мере один оксид щелочного металла в качестве окислителя для нитрита.2. Промывной раствор (A) по п. 1, причем указанный, по меньшей мере один, оксид щелочного металла выбран из группы, содержащей оксид лития, натрия и калия.3. Промывной раствор (A) по п. 1, причем содержится несколько оксидов щелочного металла.4. Промывной раствор (A) по п. 2, причем содержится несколько оксидов щелочного металла.5. Промывной раствор (A) по п. 1, причем суммарное содержание оксидов щелочного металла по порядку величины соответствует количеству образующихся нитритов.6. Промывной раствор (A) по п. 2, причем суммарное содержание оксидов щелочного металла по порядку величины соответствует количеству образующихся нитритов.7. Промывной раствор (A) по п. 3, причем суммарное содержание оксидов щелочного металла по порядку величины соответствует ...

Production of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid

CARBON DIOXIDE COLLECTION AND ASSOCIATED ONE PROCEDURE

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Entschwefelung von Gasgemischen

The invention relates to a process for desulfurizing a gas mixture containing H2S and CO2 by means of selective absorption of the H2S into a basic absorbent and subsequent oxidation of the H2S absorbed with an oxidizing agent, which is characterized in that i) a combustible biogas containing H2 and/or CH4 is used as the gas mixture to be desulfurized; ii) after the absorption step a phase separation step is conducted to separate the liquid phase in the form of the sulfide-enriched absorbent from the gas phase containing the combustible gas components; and iii) the liquid phase thus degassed is contacted with an oxidizing agent in order to oxidize the sulfide to elemental sulfur and/or higher oxidation states of sulfur.

An improved non-particulating compact adsorbent filter

A self-adhesive vent filter and adsorbent assembly with a diffusion tube

Carbon dioxide capture and related processes

Prevention of nitro-amine formation in carbon dioxide absorption processes

Plants and method of treating a combustion gas are presented in which NOx compounds are removed from the combustion gas to a predetermined level to thereby create a pre-cleaned combustion gas from which CO2 is removed in an absorber using an amine solvent. Preferably, the predetermined level of NOx compounds reduces nitro-amines, especially nitrosamine emission from the absorber to quantities of equal or less than 100 ppb.

IMPREGNATED MONOLITHS

The present invention relates to adsorbent honeycomb monoliths and other porous monoliths impregnated with alkaline and/or caustic salts of alkaline metal or alkaline earth metal. The impregnated monoliths have high adsorption capacity and low flow resistance, yet with minimized flammability, suitable for use in removal of acidic, malodorous and/or harmful gases.

GAS DENITRATION PROCESS AND APPARATUS

A process and an apparatus for gas denitration, involving first the use of an oxidizing agent to oxidize NO in a gas to NO2, then using a denitration agent to absorb the NO2 in the gas, thus achieving the purpose of denitration.

FEED GAS CONTAMINANT REMOVAL IN ION TRANSPORT MEMBRANE SYSTEMS

Method for gas purification comprising (a) obtaining a feed gas stream containing one or more contaminants selected from the group consisting of volatile metal oxy-hydroxides, volatile metal oxides, and volatile silicon hydroxide; (b) contacting the feed gas stream with a reactive solid material in a guard bed and reacting at least a portion of the contaminants with the reactive solid material to form a solid reaction product in the guard bed; and (c) withdrawing from the guard bed a purified gas stream.

GROOVED ACTIVE AND PASSIVE ADSORBENT FILTERS

The invention relates to a device for filtering contaminants, such as particulates and vapor phase contaminants, from a confined environment such as electronic or optical devices susceptible to contamination (e.g. computer disk drives) by improving performance and possibly incorporating multiple filtration functions into a unitary filter. Filtration functions include a passive adsorbent filter. Moreover, recirculation filter, diffusion tube, and outside mount functions can be added to the filter depending on desired functionality within the enclosure.

PROCESS FOR REMOVING SULFIDE FROM ALKALINE WASHING LIQUIDS

Alkaline solutions resulting from extracting sulfide from hydrocarbon fluids can be treated in a combination of one or more electrodialysis cells and a bioreactor. The electrodialysis cell (2) comprises an anode (4), a cathode (5), an electric power supply (7) and afirst (12) and a second (11) compartment separated from each other by an anion exchange membrane (9). The alkaline solution is fed into the first compartment at the cathode side and the diluate (sulfide-depleted stream)leaving the first compartment has alowered sulfide content and can be reused as the alkaline extractant solution. The concentrate (sulfide-enriched stream) leaving the second compartment is treated in the bioreactor (3) for removing sulfide and is then returned.

IMPURITIES REMOVAL SYSTEM

An impurities removal system comprising: a drainage tank (10) that retains a prescribed volume of drainage (D1) from a cooler (5a); an alkali aqueous solution supply device (9) having an aqueous solution adjustment tank (15) that takes in some of the drainage from the drainage tank (10) and retains a prescribed volume thereof, a solid alkali agent supply machine (18) that supplies a solid alkali agent (17) and produces an alkali aqueous solution (19), an alkali concentration controller (23) that controls the solid alkali agent supply machine (18) and adjusts the alkali concentration of the alkali aqueous solution, and a pump (24) that supplies alkali aqueous solution to a discharge gas inlet side of the cooler (5a); an impurities detector (27) provided on the downstream side of a latter-stage cooler (5c); a drainage pH detector (28) that obtains a pH detection value for the drainage from the drainage tank (10); and an alkali supply control device (26) having a supply controller (29) that ...

AN ANESTHETIC CIRCUIT HAVING A HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANE

An anesthetic circuit is provided for treating a patient. The anesthetic circuit includes a membrane having a plurality of hollow fibers. Also provided is a fluid separation apparatus connectable to an anesthetic circuit. In a further embodiment, a method is provided for anesthetic treatment of a patient.

MERCURY REDUCTION SYSTEM AND MERCURY REDUCTION METHOD OF FLUE GAS CONTAINING MERCURY

A system (10A) for mercury removal is provided which removes the NO x and mercury contained in a high-temperature discharge gas (12) discharged from a boiler (11). The system includes: an NH4Cl supply part (15A) which sprays an NH4Cl solution (14) into the flue (13) of the boiler (11); a reducing/denitrating device (16) which includes a denitration catalyst and in which the NO x contained in the high-temperature discharge gas (12) is reduced with NH3 and the mercury is oxidized in the presence of HCl; and a wet desulfurizer (20) in which the mercury oxidized in the reducing/denitrating device (16) is removed with a lime/plaster slurry (19). The NH4Cl supply part (15A) comprises: an NH4Cl solution supply pipe (33) through which the NH4Cl solution (14) is supplied in a liquid state into the flue (13); a blowing pipe which extends into the flue (13) so as to surround the NH4Cl solution supply pipe (33) and through which air (34) is injected into the flue (13); and a two-fluid nozzle (37) which ...

A PROCESS AND PLANT FOR REMOVING ACID GASES

The present invention relates to a process and plant for removing acid gases such as carbon dioxide, sulphur containing compounds and nitrogen containing compounds from gas streams including high and low pressure gas streams. A solvent solution containing alkali carbonates absorbs the acid gases including carbon dioxide and either one or both of sulphur and/or nitrogen containing compounds. The bicarbonate is regenerated into a carbonate form to provide a gas stream rich in carbon dioxide, and sulphur and/or nitrogen containing compounds are recovered.

PLANT AND METHOD FOR PURIFICATION OF INDUSTRIAL COMBUSTION GAS.

MEDIUM Of AQUEOUS EXTRACTION CONTAINING a HYDROXIDE AND a THIOL USES IN a PROCESS OF SEPARATION OF the CARBON DIOXIDE CONTAINED IN a GAS EFFLUENT

La présente invention décrit un milieu d'extraction du dioxyde de carbone, utilisé dans un procédé de captage du dioxyde de carbone contenu dans un effluent gazeux, comprenant en milieux aqueux l'association d'une base particulière choisie parmi les hydroxydes et d'un composé choisi parmi les thiols. Le procédé de captage du dioxyde de carbone consiste à réaliser les étapes suivantes : a) la mise en contact du gaz à traiter contenant du CO2 avec ledit milieu d'extraction, de manière à obtenir un gaz appauvri en CO2 et un milieu d'extraction riche en CO2, b) la régénération du milieu d'extraction riche en CO2, pour obtenir un milieu d'extraction à nouveau utilisable et générer un gaz très riche en CO2.

공중합체 및 탄산 가스 분리막

... 본 발명은, 아크릴산 세슘염 또는 아크릴산 루비듐염에서 유래되는 구조 단위 (1)과 비닐 알코올에서 유래되는 구조 단위 (2)를 포함하는 공중합체, 이 공중합체를 포함하는 수지 조성물, 이 수지 조성물을 이용하여 제조될 수 있는 탄산 가스 분리막, 이 분리막을 갖는 탄산 가스 분리막 모듈 및 이 모듈을 적어도 1종 포함하는 탄산 가스 분리 장치 등에 관한 것이다.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR IMPROVEMED-EFFICIENCY AIR-CONDITIONING

GAS LIQUID CONTACTOR AND METHOD THEREOF

EXHAUST GAS PROCESSING APPARATUS

... 본 발명은, 유해 물질의 제거율을 향상시키는 동시에, 소형화를 실현한 배기가스 처리장치를 제공하는 것이다. 기체와 액체를 접촉시켜 가스 흡수를 행하는 배기가스 처리장치(10)는, 내부 공간이 형성된 흡수탑 본체(11)와, 내부 공간의 상하 방향의 소정 영역에 있어서 액체를 분무하는 스프레이 장치(12)와, 흡수탑 본체(11)에 기체를 도입하는 가스 공급 장치(13)를 구비하고, 스프레이 장치(12)는, 내부 공간의 상하 방향의 소정 영역에 걸쳐 연장(延在)되는 본관(幹管, trunk pipe; 12b)과, 본관(12b)에 연결되며 흡수탑 본체(11)의 내벽을 향해 연장되는 지관(枝管, branch pipe; 12c)과, 지관(12c)으로부터 공급되는 액체를 분무하는 스프레이 노즐(12d)을 포함하여 구성되며, 스프레이 노즐(12d)은, 지관(12c)의 길이 방향에 대해 스프레이 노즐(12d)의 분사 영역의 중심선이 이루는 각도가 예각(銳角)이 되도록 부착되어 있다.

COPOLYMER AND CARBON DIOXIDE GAS SEPARATION MEMBRANE

The present invention relates to the following: a copolymer that contains (1) a structural unit derived from a cesium salt of acrylic acid or a rubidium salt of acrylic acid and (2) a structural unit derived from vinyl alcohol; a resin composition that contains this copolymer; a carbon dioxide gas separation membrane that can be produced by using this resin composition; a carbon dioxide gas separation membrane module having this separation membrane; and a carbon dioxide gas separation device or the like that contains at least one type of such module.

SYSTEM AND METHOD OF CARBON CAPTURE AND SEQUESTRATION

Systems and methods of capturing and sequestering carbon dioxide, comprising mixing a substantially non-aqueous solvent and an alkali such that the solvent and alkali form a solvent suspension, mixing water and a flue gas containing carbon dioxide with the solvent suspension such that a reaction occurs, the reaction resulting in the formation of a carbonate, water and heat.

ADSORBENT BREATHER FILTER

The invention relates to a device for filtering contaminants, such as particulates and vapor phase contaminants, from a confined environment such as electronic or optical devices susceptible to contamination (e.g. computer disk drives) by improving performance and possibly incorporating multiple filtration functions into a unitary filter. The filter includes flow layers which improve filter performance. Filtration functions include a passive adsorbent assembly and can include a combination of inlet, or breather filter and adsorbent filter. Moreover, recirculation filter, diffusion tube and outside mount functions can be added to the filter depending on desired functionality within the enclosure.

REDUCTION OF CARBON DIOXIDE IN A FERMENTATION PROCESS

The embodiments disclosed herein present a system and a method of reducing carbon dioxide emitted by a carbon dioxide producing process, for example, by converting carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and/or to carbon monoxide and oxygen. One embodiment of the invention discloses a fermentation system, comprising a fermentation bioreactor; a carbon dioxide absorption chamber configured to receive gaseous products from said fermentation bioreactor, wherein said gaseous products contain carbon dioxide; and a separation system in fluid communication with said bioreactor and said absorption chamber. In some cases, the fermentation bioreactor is a deep shaft reactor. In some cases, the carbon dioxide absorption chamber is a deep shaft reactor. A further embodiment of the invention discloses a fermentation system, comprising a pressurizable fermentation bioreactor; and a separation system in fluid communication with said pressurizable fermentation bioreactor. In some cases, the pressurizable fermentation ...

PROCESS FOR THE CAPTURE OF CARBON DIOXIDE

The invention provides a method for the capture of carbon dioxide gas which comprises contacting the carbon dioxide with at least one acid or a salt thereof, wherein said acid has a pKa value in the range of from 0 to 14, and said acid does not include an amino group. The at least one acid or a salt thereof may be in a solid or liquid form, but preferably comprises an aqueous solution. The acid may be inorganic or organic. Preferred acids have pKa values in the range from 4 to 13. Suitable organic acids may comprise aliphatic, carbocyclic or heterocyclic acids and mono- or poly-acids. Preferably, the acid is present as a salt. The method offers a convenient and simple 10 process which uses inexpensive consumables which are preferably largely biocompatible and renewable, and thereby offers significant advantages over the methods of the prior art.

METHOD OF DECONTAMINATING WASTE GAS AND APPARATUS THEREFOR

Electrolysis of sea water is performed so as to form an alkali solution and an acid solution. Waste gas to be treated is subjected to gas-liquid contact with the acid solution, and then to gas-liquid contact with the alkali solution. Waste gas decontamination apparatus includes at least one gas-liquid contact means (1) for effecting gas-liquid contact between waste gas to be treated and a treatment solution and an elecrolyzer (16) capable of electrolyzing a salt water into an alkali solution and an acid solution. The at least one gas-liquid contact means (1) is provided with an inlet for waste gas to be treated (5) at an upstream side thereof and provided with an outlet for treated waste gas (6) at a downstream side thereof. At least one gas-liquid contact zone (3A, 3B) arranged thereinside is provided with acid solution spraying means (4A) for spraying the above acid solution or alkali solution spraying means (4B) for spraying the above alkali solution.

Filter and method for making a filter

A filter is provided which includes an organic vapor adsorbing layer, a first particulate removal layer, and a second particulate removal layer. The organic vapor adsorbing layer includes porous adsorbent beads which allow air or gas to flow therethrough with little resistance and provide increased surface area by virtue of the pores. The particulate removal layer can be made from an electrostatic and/or polytetraflouroethylene. The filter can have a figure of merit greater than about 10 and a capacity for permanently adsorbing organic vapors, wherein the figure of merit is calculated based upon a fractional efficiency determined for particles having a size of 0.3 mu m in an air flow having a velocity of 10.5 ft./min and for Frazier permeability at 0.5 inches H2O.

Process for decomposing fluorocarbons reagent and apparatus used therefor

Fluorocarbons including perfluorocarbons and hydrofluorocarbons are highly efficiently decomposed by contacting a gaseous fluorocarbon with a reagent comprising carbon and an alkaline earth metal or carbon, an alkaline earth metal and an alkali metal at an elevated temperature, the decomposed halogen being fixed to the reagent.

ACIDIC GAS SEPARATION MODULE, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING ACIDIC GAS SEPARATION MODULE

An acidic gas separation module including: a perforated hollow central tube; and a layered body that is wound on the perforated hollow central tube and has, in the following order on a porous support: an acidic gas separation layer containing a water-absorbing polymer, a carrier, and water; and a flow channel material with a network structure having a thread intersection portion and an arithmetical surface roughness for a surface contacting the acidic gas separation layer in the thread intersection portion of 35 m or less. The acidic gas separation module suppresses generation of flocculated water by maintaining the generation of turbulent flow in the flow channel material, effectively suppresses damage to the surface of the acidic gas separation layer by the flow channel material in the winding-on process during manufacture, and exhibits excellent acidic gas separation efficiency.

SYSTEM FOR REMOVING MERCURY AND METHOD OF REMOVING MERCURY FROM MERCURY-CONTAINING HIGH-TEMPERATURE DISCHARGE GAS

A mercury reduction system 10A according to the present embodiment is a mercury reduction system that reduces NOx and Hg in flue gas 12 discharged from a boiler 11, and includes an NH4Cl supplying unit 15A that sprays an NH4Cl solution 14 into a flue 13 of the boiler 11, a reduction denitration apparatus 16 that includes a denitration catalyst for reducing NOx in the flue gas 12 with NH3 and oxidizing Hg in the presence of HCl, and a wet desulfurization apparatus 20 for reducing Hg oxidized in the reduction denitration apparatus 16 with limestone-gypsum slurry 19. The NH4Cl supplying unit 15A includes an NH4Cl solution feed pipe 33 that supplies the NH4Cl solution 14 into the flue 13 in a liquid state, a blow pipe that is inserted into the flue 13 so as to surround the NH4Cl solution feed pipe 33 and through which air 34 is injected into the flue 13, and a two-fluid nozzle 37 that is fitted to an end of the NH4Cl solution feed pipe 33 and through which the NH4Cl solution 14 is injected.

PROCESSING APPARATUS, METHOD OF PROCESSING AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING DETOXIFIED MATTER

... [OBJECT] To efficiently and assuredly making an object to be treated containing an agricultural chemical innoxious. [MEANS FOR SOLVING] The first pipe which alkali can be filled thereto is disposed to be capable of being inserted and pulled out to a first passage of the first processing chamber where agricultural chemicals are thermally decomposed. Accordingly, since a distance between the processing chamber and the alkali can be minimized, a zone where the thermally decomposed components of the agricultural chemicals are recomposed into agricultural chemicals or dioxins is almost eliminated. As a result, the contamination owing to the re-composition thereof can be prevented. In addition, since the first pipe can be readily exchanged, the throughput can be improved. Furthermore, since when the first pipe is pulled out of the first passage of the processing chamber a first shielding member can shield the first passage, the vacuum in the processing chamber can be maintained and also in this ...

DEVICE AND SYSTEM FOR REGENERATIVELY SEPARATING CARBON DIOXIDE

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device and system for regeneratively separating carbon dioxide which can surely separate carbon dioxide with an extremely higher efficiency than the conventional device and system with a simple constitution. SOLUTION: When high-temperature sections and low-temperature sections are provided around a rotor, the carbon dioxide contained in an exhaust gas can be absorbed and separated easily from the exhaust gas by only rotating the rotor. Therefore, a highly reliable absorbing and separating system which can be simplified extremely in constitution, can be maintained easily, and can be reduced in regenerating cost can be realized. In addition, when lithium zirconate, an alkaline metal oxide, and/or an alkaline earth oxide are used, the system becomes chemically and mechanically stable and can reversibly and stably cause the absorption and discharge of carbon dioxide. COPYRIGHT: (C)2001,JPO ...

СПОСОБЫ И АКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ ДЛЯ СНИЖЕНИЯ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ ГАЛОГЕНИДА В ГАЗОВЫХ ПОТОКАХ

Изобретение относится к способам и активным материалам для очистки газовых потоков, содержащих галогенид в качестве загрязнителя. Активный материал содержит один или более первых металлов, причем данные первые металлы выбраны из группы, состоящей из железа, кобальта, никеля, меди, рутения, родия, палладия, серебра, осмия, иридия, платины и золота, и один или более вторых металлов, причем данные один или более вторых металлов выбраны из группы, состоящей из щелочных металлов, щелочно-земельных металлов, скандия, иттрия, титана, циркония, гафния, ванадия, ниобия, тантала, хрома, молибдена, вольфрама, марганца, технеция и рения, причем каждый из одного или более первых металлов присутствует в состоянии металла и каждый из одного или более вторых металлов присутствует в состоянии оксида металла и/или гидроксида металла. Изобретение обеспечивает эффективное удаление галогенида, присутствующего в газовых потоках даже в очень малых количествах. 2 н. и 12 з.п. ф-лы, 3 табл., 17 пр.

СПОСОБ УДАЛЕНИЯ ТЕРМИЧЕСКИ СТАБИЛЬНЫХ СОЛЕЙ ИЗ ПОГЛОТИТЕЛЕЙ КИСЛОТНЫХ ГАЗОВ

Изобретение относится к регенерации поглотителей кислотных газов, содержащих амин и термически стабильные соли. Способ заключается в смешивании поглотителя кислотных газов со щелочным раствором с образованием смеси со значением рН, превышающим точку эквивалентности рН амина. Далее смесь охлаждают до температуры ниже 50°С. Затем смесь разделяют на регенерированный поглотитель кислотных газов и поток отходов. Регенерированный поглотитель, выделенный из потока отходов, собирают и могут использовать повторно. Поглотитель кислотных газов представляет собой водный аминовый растворитель, предпочтительно раствор диамина. Технический результат: эффективное удаление более высоких концентрации термически стабильных солей из поглотителя с использованием минимального оборудования и низкими потерями поглотителя. 14 з.п. ф-лы, 2 пр., 1 табл.

Process for removing sulphur-containing, nitrogen-containing and halogen-containing impurities contained in a synthesis gas

The invention relates to a process for finally removing sulphur-containing, nitrogen-containing and halogen-containing impurities contained in a synthesis gas, said process including: a) a joint step for hydrolysing COS and HCN contained in the gas and for collecting the halogen-containing compounds, using a TiO 2 -based catalyst, b) a washing step using a solvent, c) a step for desulphurisation on a collecting or adsorbing mass. The synthesis gas purified in accordance with the process of the invention contains less than 10 ppb by weight, less than 10 ppb by weight of nitrogen-containing impurities and less than 10 ppb by weight of halogen-containing impurities.

Method and Composition for Reducing Exhaled Carbon Dioxide Emissions

A method and composition for reducing the amount of carbon dioxide exhaled by a user by placing a composition comprising a delivery vehicle and a carbon dioxide sequestering agent into a user's mouth and allowing the carbon dioxide sequestering agent to react with the carbon dioxide present in the user's breath thereby reducing the amount of carbon dioxide exhaled by the user.

Process to remove product alcohol from a fermentation by vaporization under vacuum

A fermentation liquid feed including water and a product alcohol and optionally CO 2 is at least partially vaporized such that a vapor stream is produced. The vapor stream is contacted with an absorption liquid under suitable conditions wherein an amount of the product alcohol is absorbed. The portion of the vapor stream that is absorbed can include an amount of each of the water, the product alcohol and optionally the CO 2 . The temperature at the onset of the absorption of the vapor stream into the absorption liquid can be greater than the temperature at the onset of condensation of the vapor stream in the absence of the absorption liquid. The product alcohol can be separated from the absorption liquid whereby the absorption liquid is regenerated. The absorption liquid can include a water soluble organic molecule such as an amine.

Gas stream multi-pollutants control systems and methods

In some embodiments, the invention provides systems and methods for removing carbon dioxide and/or additional components of waste gas streams, comprising contacting the waste gas stream with an aqueous solution, removing carbon dioxide and/or additional components from the waste gas stream, and containing the carbon dioxide and/or additional components, in one form or another, in a composition. In some embodiments, the composition is a precipitation material comprising carbonates, bicarbonates, or carbonates and bicarbonates. In some embodiments, the composition further comprises carbonate and/or bicarbonate co-products resulting from co-processing SOx, NOx, particulate matter, and/or certain metals. Additional waste streams such as liquid, solid, or multiphasic waste streams may be processed as well.

Semiconductor Production Equipment Including Fluorine Gas Generator

A semiconductor production equipment includes a fluorine gas generator, and a detoxification device for combusting a waste gas containing a fluorine-based gas. The fluorine gas generator is configured to electrolyze hydrogen fluoride in an electrolytic bath of a molten salt containing hydrogen fluoride to generate a main product gas whose major component is fluorine gas at an anode side and generate a by-product gas whose major component is hydrogen at a cathode side. The semiconductor production equipment further includes a lead-out line for introducing the by-product gas generated from the fluorine gas generator to the detoxification device. The detoxification device includes a mechanism for using the by-product gas sent to the detoxification device as a combustion agent.

System and method for separating high molecular weight gases from a combustion source

High molecular weight (HMW) gases are separated from an exhaust gas of a combustion source using a blower and an interior vent within the exhaust stack. The interior vent includes a vent wall having a top portion attached to the interior surface of the exhaust stack along the entire inner perimeter of the exhaust stack and a lower portion that extends downward into the exhaust stack to form an annular space or gap between the vent wall and the interior surface of the exhaust stack, and at least one opening in the interior surface of the exhaust stack between the top and bottom portions of the vent wall. The blower creates a tangential flow of the exhaust gas with sufficient centrifugal force to concentrate substantially all of the HMW gases along the inner surface of the exhaust stack. A transfer pipe removes the HMW gases from the interior vent.

Process to Remove Product Alcohol from a Fermentation by Vaporization Under Vacuum

A fermentation liquid feed including water and a product alcohol and optionally CO 2 is at least partially vaporized such that a vapor stream is produced. The vapor stream is contacted with an absorption liquid under suitable conditions wherein an amount of the product alcohol is absorbed. The portion of the vapor stream that is absorbed can include an amount of each of the water, the product alcohol and optionally the CO 2 . The temperature at the onset of the absorption of the vapor stream into the absorption liquid can be greater than the temperature at the onset of condensation of the vapor stream in the absence of the absorption liquid. The product alcohol can be separated from the absorption liquid whereby the absorption liquid is regenerated. The absorption liquid can include a water soluble organic molecule such as an amine.

Systems and methods for processing co2

Systems and methods for lowering levels of carbon dioxide and other atmospheric pollutants are provided. Economically viable systems and processes capable of removing vast quantities of carbon dioxide and other atmospheric pollutants from gaseous waste streams and sequestering them in storage-stable forms are also discussed.

Two-Step Process for the Cleaning of a Flue Gas

A two-step process for the cleaning of a stream of flue gas, containing noxious acidic compounds, by means of a quantity of basic sodium reagent, wherein the quantity of basic sodium reagent is injected in a secondary stream diverted from the main stream wherein it reacts in a first step with the noxious acidic compounds contained in the secondary stream during a pre reaction period, resulting in pre-reacted basic reagent, un-reacted basic reagent and partially cleaned secondary stream of flue gas; and wherein after the pre reaction period, the partially cleaned secondary stream comprising the quantity of pre reacted basic sodium reagent is reintroduced in the main stream, the pre-reacted reagent and un-reacted reagent further reacting in a second step with at least part of the remaining noxious acids left in the partially cleaned secondary stream of flue gas.

Exhaust gas treatment device for an oxygen combustion system

In an exhaust gas treatment device provided with: an exhaust gas treatment unit in which an oxygen combustion boiler 1 using coal as fuel, a denitration device 3 , an air preheater 4 , a dust-collection device 5 , a desulfurization device 6 , and a carbon dioxide recovery device 8 are sequentially arranged from the upstream side to the downstream side of an exhaust gas duct; and an exhaust gas circulation unit which branches off from the exhaust gas duct at an outlet of the dust-collection device 5 or an outlet of the desulfurization device 6 and through which the exhaust gas is preheated by the air preheater 4 and returned to the oxygen combustion boiler 1 , a heat-recovery heat exchanger 13 that adjusts a gas temperature at an inlet of the dust-collection device 5 to be not greater than an acid dew point of SO 3 and not lower than a water dew point is provided between the air preheater 4 and the dust-collection device 5 , a reheating heat exchanger 13 that adjusts a gas temperature to be not lower than the acid dew point of SO 3 is provided in the vicinity of a branch of the exhaust gas circulation unit, adjusting the gas temperature at the inlet of the dust-collection device 4 to be not greater than the acid dew point of SO 3 makes it possible to prevent corrosion of pipes in the exhaust gas circulation unit and to avoid a decrease in fluidity or combustibility of the pulverized coal in the pipes in the mill.

Process for producing biogas

Process for the production of a biogas containing methane from an organic matter amenable to anaerobic digestion comprising feeding an anaerobic digester with the organic matter, said anaerobic digester containing a digestion medium comprising microorganisms capable of digesting said organic matter, wherein the total inorganic carbon concentration of the digestion medium is maintained above 9000 mg of equivalent CaCO 3 /l and the buffering capacity is maintained above 200 mmol/l by the addition of a buffering reagent comprising sodium bicarbonate to the digestion medium.

Process for removing hydrogen sulfide from very sour hydrocarbon gas streams using metal sulfide

A process for sweetening a gas stream containing hydrogen sulfide wherein said process comprises contacting said gas stream within a contacting zone a contacting composition comprising metal sulfide in a lower sulfided state and yielding from said contacting zone a product gas stream having a reduced hydrogen sulfide concentration and a recovered contacting composition comprising metal sulfide in a higher sulfided state.

Silica containing basic sorbent for acid gas removal

An acid gas sorbent composition is disclosed. The composition comprises a compound having the following formula: (SiO 2 ) x (OH) y F.B wherein F optionally exists and said F is at least one of the following: a functionalized organosilane, a sulfur-containing organosilane, or an amine-containing organosilane; and wherein B is a hygroscopic solid at a preferred water to solid molar ratio of about 0.1 to about 6, and more particularly, B is a basic inorganic solid including, but not limiting to, alkali or alkali-earth metal oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, or bicarbonates, containing at least one of the following metal cations: calcium, magnesium, strontium, barium, sodium, lithium, potassium, cesium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, dysprosium, scandium, ytterbium, yttrium, or erbium; wherein the molar ratio of y/x is equal to about 0.01 to about 0.5.

Jet engine with carbon capture

A method for producing electrical power and capture CO 2 , where gaseous fuel and an oxygen containing gas are introduced into a gas turbine to produce electrical power and an exhaust gas, where the exhaust gas withdrawn from the gas turbine is cooled by production of steam in a boiler ( 20 ), and where cooled exhaust gas is introduced into a CO 2 capture plant for capturing CO 2 from the cooled exhaust gas leaving the boiler ( 20 ) by an absorption/desorption process, before the treated CO 2 lean exhaust gas is released into the surroundings and the captured CO 2 is exported from the plant, where the exhaust gas leaving the gas turbine has a pressure of 3 to 15 bara, and the exhaust gas is expanded to atmospheric pressure after leaving the CO 2 capture plant. A plant for carrying out the method is also described.

Mixed salt co2 sorbent, process for making and uses thereof

The invention relates to a mixed salt composition which is useful as a CO 2 sorbent. The mixed salt composition comprises a Mg salt, and at least one Group IA element salt, where the Mg and Group IA element are present at a molar ratio of from 3:1 to 8:1. The resulting composition can adsorb about 20% or more of CO2 in a gas. Via varying the molar ratios of the components, and the Group IA element, one can develop compositions which show optional functionality at different conditions. The composition is especially useful in the adsorptive capture of CO 2 on mobile sources, such as transportation vehicles, where it can be recovered during regeneration of the adsorbent composition and the CO 2 used as a coolant gas, as a reactant in manufacture of fuel, and so forth.

Adsorbent for carbon dioxide, method of preparing the same, and capture module for carbon dioxide

An adsorbent for carbon dioxide may include an inorganic oxide porous structure having a plurality of mesopores and an active compound bound to the surface of the mesopores. The active compound may be selected from an alkali metal-containing compound, an alkaline-earth metal-containing compound, and a combination thereof. Various example embodiments also relate to a method of preparing the adsorbent for carbon dioxide and a capture module for carbon dioxide including the adsorbent for carbon dioxide.

Apparatus and method for the removal of nitrogen dioxide from a flue gas stream

Disclosed herein is an apparatus comprising an absorption chamber; a flue gas stream inlet, the flue gas stream inlet being operative to dispose a flue gas stream in the absorption chamber, wherein the flue gas stream comprises nitrogen dioxide; an absorbing agent inlet, the absorbing agent inlet being operative to dispose an absorbent agent in the absorption chamber, the absorbing agent comprising an absorbing agent compound and a solvent, wherein the absorbing agent is chemically reactive with nitrogen dioxide to absorb nitrogen dioxide from the flue gas stream, forming a reaction product.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR NOx REMOVAL FROM A FLUE GAS

A system for reducing NO x in a flue gas stream, including an absorption element, a first inlet in fluid communication with the chamber configured to deliver a pressurized flue gas to the chamber, and a second inlet in fluid communication with the chamber configured to deliver an absorbing additive to the chamber. An outlet is in fluid communication with the chamber to exhaust from the chamber flue gas that has contacted the absorbing additive. A method for reducing NO x in a flue gas including the steps of: providing a flue gas in a chamber of an absorption element, providing an absorbing additive so that it contacts at least a portion of the flue gas, and exhausting at least a portion of the flue gas from the chamber.

Method and system to capture co2

A method is disclosed herein. The method includes the step of capturing and concentrating CO 2 from atmospheric air by utilizing geothermal heat to provide the energy needed to move the atmospheric air through a tower.

Iodine absorbent material containing salt and radioactive iodine removal system using the same

An apparatus for filtering airborne radioactive iodine is provided. The apparatus includes a housing defining an interior space and comprising an inlet for receiving air and an outlet for discharging the air; and a composition placed in the interior space for trapping airborne radioactive iodine between the inlet and the outlet. The composition comprises one or more salts selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal chloride and an alkaline earth metal chloride. A method of filtering airborne radioactive iodine is further provided. The method includes providing the foregoing apparatus at a nuclear facility and blowing air to flow from the inlet to the outlet and contact the composition placed in the interior space, whereby airborne radioactive iodine is trapped in the interior space.

Capture mass composed of elemental sulphur deposited on a porous support for capturing heavy metals

The present invention concerns the elimination of heavy metals, in particular mercury and possibly arsenic and lead, present in a dry or moist gaseous effluent ( 1 ) by means of a capture mass ( 2 ) comprising a porous support at least part of which is of low mesoporosity and an active phase based on sulphur. The invention is advantageously applicable to the treatment of gas of industrial origin, synthesis gas or natural gas.

Absorbent for optics and electrical components

The invention general provides a method of absorbing gases from manufactured articles comprising providing a gas absorbent in gaseous contact with the manufactured article wherein the gas absorber comprises activated carbon, molecular sieve, and alkaline salt.

Method and apparatus for sweetening and/or dehydrating a hydrocarbon gas, in particular a natural gas

A method for removing acidity and/or moisture from a hydrocarbon gas, in particular from a natural gas or a refinery gas fraction or a syngas, by absorption into a sweetening liquid and into a dehydration liquid, that are adapted to extract acid compounds or water from the gas, respectively. The method provides a step of prearranging a vertical elongated container ( 150 ) comprising at least one inner partition wall ( 168 ) that defines at least two treatment chambers within said container ( 151,152 ), a step of feeding a treatment liquid from the above into at least one of the two chambers ( 251,252 ) and feeding the gas to be treated from below into at least one same treatment chamber. It is also provided a step of selecting a treatment mode, wherein the gas flows along the two treatment chambers in a parallel or in a series arrangement, or one chamber being excluded; in particular the series-mode or the exclusion mode is actuated when the flowrate of the gas decreases below a minimum threshold value, while the parallel-mode is actuated when the flowrate of the gas rises above a maximum threshold value. An apparatus comprising at least such a container and a gas convey selective convey means ( 44′,44″ ), for actuating said treatment modes, in particular responsive to a flowrate of the gas. The apparatus and the method according to the invention allow to maintain the sweetening and/or dehydration efficiency, in particular in the case of a progressive reduction of the flowrate of natural gas that can be obtained from a well or gasfield.

System and Method for Carbon Dioxide Capture and Sequestration

A method and a system for removing carbon dioxide directly from ambient air, using a sorbent under ambient conditions, to obtain relatively pure CO 2 . The CO 2 is removed from the sorbent using process heat, preferably in the form of steam, at a temperature in the range of not greater than about 130° C., to capture the relatively pure CO 2 . Increased efficiency can be achieved by admixing with the ambient air, prior to contacting the sorbent, a minor amount of a preferably pretreated effluent gas containing a higher concentration of carbon dioxide. The captured carbon dioxide can be stored for further use, or sequestered permanently. The system provides the sorbent substrate and equipment for carrying out the above method, and for obtaining purified carbon dioxide for further use in agriculture and chemical processes, or for permanent sequestration.

Reducing sulfur gas emissions resulting from the burning of carbonaceous fuels

A method of reducing sulfur emissions by applying remediation materials in a powder sorbent onto coal and combusting the coal with the materials applied. The powder sorbent contain sources of silicon, aluminum, calcium, iron, and magnesium, and ash from combustion contains the captured sulfur.

Extraction of alkali metals and/or alkaline earth metals for use in carbon sequestration

A method of extracting an alkali metal and/or an alkaline earth metal from a mineral including an alkali metal and/or an alkaline earth metal, or a rock containing the mineral, the method including contacting the mineral, with an aqueous composition including formic acid, and to their use in carbon sequestration.

APPARATUS FOR TREATMENT OF THE ATMOSPHERE OF A STORAGE SPACE FOR VEGETABLE PRODUCTS

An apparatus for treating the atmosphere of a storage space for vegetable products with a volume greater than 200 m, includes a contacting device having a packing; an injector configured to inject a liquid flow into the contacting device; and a circulator configured to circulate the storage atmosphere in the contacting device. The contacting device is configured such that the storage atmosphere is brought into contact with the liquid flow by circulation in the packing. 1. An apparatus for treating an atmosphere of a storage space for vegetable products , said storage spece having a volume greater than 200 m , wherein the apparatus comprises:a contacting device comprising a packing;an injector configured to inject a liquid flow into the contacting device;a circulator configured to circulate the storage atmosphere in the contacting device;wherein the contacting device is configured such that the storage atmosphere is brought into contact with the liquid flow by circulation in the packing.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the contacting device comprises a reservoir and a dose of liquid stored in the reservoir claim 1 , wherein the liquid comprises at least one volatile biocidal and/or safener product with a boiling temperature between 60 and 280° C. claim 1 , wherein the liquid is evaporated in the contacting device at a temperature below 50° C.3. The apparatus according to claim 2 , further comprising a sensor measuring the concentration of the at least one volatile biocidal and/or safener product in the storage atmosphere and an electronic controller informed by the sensor claim 2 , the electronic controller being programmed to control a flow rate of liquid injected in the contacting device and/or a flow rate of the storage atmosphere circulated in the circulator as a function of the concentration measured by the sensor.4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the liquid is water claim 1 , such that the contacting device is configured to remove ...

Vapor-liquid contacting apparatuses and methods for removing contaminants from gas streams

Vapor-liquid contacting apparatuses and methods for removing contaminants from gas streams are provided. In an embodiment, a vapor-liquid contacting apparatus includes a vortex contacting stage having a contacting zone bound by a wall and defining an axis, a radially inner region surrounding the axis, and a radially outer region adjacent the wall. The vapor-liquid contacting apparatus also includes a feed conduit configured to direct flow of a feed gas into the radially outer region of the contacting zone in a direction tangential to the axis to form a vortex. Further, the vapor-liquid contacting apparatus includes a liquid conduit configured to deliver a liquid absorbent stream to the radially inner region in the contacting zone.

System for the Capture and Release of Acid Gases

In one aspect, the invention provides a method for the capture of at least one acid gas in a composition, the release of said gas from said composition, and the subsequent regeneration of said composition for re-use, said method comprising performing, in order, the steps of: (a) capturing the at least one acid gas by contacting said at least one gas with a capture composition comprising at least one salt of a carboxylic acid and at least one water-miscible non-aqueous solvent; (b) releasing said at least one acid gas by adding at least one protic solvent or agent to said composition; and (c) regenerating the capture composition by partial or complete removal of said added protic solvent or agent from said composition. Optionally, said capture composition comprising at least one salt of a carboxylic acid and at least one water-miscible non-aqueous solvent additionally comprises water or another protic solvent. In another aspect, the invention envisages a composition which additionally comprises at least one protic solvent or agent and release of the at least one acid gas is achieved solely by subjecting the composition to the application of heat or stripping with a stream of air. The method is typically applied to the capture and subsequent release of carbon dioxide, and offers a convenient and simple process which uses inexpensive consumables and offers significant advantages over the methods of the prior art. 147-. (canceled)48. A method for the capture of at least one acid gas in a composition , the release of said gas from said composition , and the subsequent regeneration of said composition for re-use , said method comprising performing , in order , the steps of:(a) capturing the at least one acid gas by contacting said at least one gas with a capture composition comprising at least one salt of a carboxylic acid, at least one non-aqueous solvent and optionally at least one protic solvent or agent;(b) releasing said at least one acid gas by subjecting said ...

PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR CAPTURING CARBON DIOXIDE FROM A GAS STREAM

A process and system are disclosed for capturing carbon dioxide from a gas stream. The process and system comprise a first stage, in which a metal silicate is reacted with nitric acid to produce a metal nitrate. The metal silicate can be one or more of: an alkaline-earth metal silicate, in particular magnesium or calcium; or an alkali metal silicate, in particular lithium. The process and system also comprise a second stage, in which the metal nitrate from the first stage is heated to a temperature sufficient to decompose the metal nitrate to a metal oxide. The process and system further comprise a third stage, in which the metal oxide is mixed with water to convert the metal oxide to a metal hydroxide solution. The process and system additionally comprise a fourth stage, in which the gas stream is scrubbed with the solution from the third stage such that the metal hydroxide reacts with the carbon dioxide to form a metal carbonate/bicarbonate product. 1. A process for capturing carbon dioxide from a gas stream , the process comprising:in a first stage, reacting a metal silicate with nitric acid to produce a metal nitrate, the metal silicate being one or more of: an alkaline-earth metal silicate, in particular magnesium or calcium; an alkali metal silicate, in particular lithium;in a second stage, heating the metal nitrate from the first stage to a temperature sufficient to decompose the metal nitrate to a metal oxide;in a third stage, mixing the metal oxide with water to convert the metal oxide to a metal hydroxide solution;in a fourth stage, scrubbing the gas stream with the solution from the third stage such that the metal hydroxide reacts with the carbon dioxide to form a metal carbonate/bicarbonate product.2. A process as claimed in wherein decomposition of the metal nitrate to the metal oxide in the second stage produces off-gases which are passed to a fifth stage in which they are contacted by a recirculating aqueous stream to produce nitric acid for use in ...

INTEGRATED SYSTEM FOR CAPTURING CO2 AND PRODUCING SODIUM BICARBONATE (NAHCO3) FROM TRONA (NA2CO3 - 2H2O - NAHCO3)

The present invention presents an integrated system for the production of NaHCOfrom COcaptured from industries or power plants by means of a dry carbonate process starting from trona as raw material (NaCO—NaHCO-2HO) and converting it into sodium carbonate (NaCO). The optimized integration of the unit allows coupling the system with renewable energies at medium temperatures below 220° C., such as biomass or medium temperature solar thermal energy systems. The use of this invention integrated in a COemitting plant results in a global system of almost zero COemissions, being able to meet the heat requirements of the global integrated system, minimizing the energy consumption of the COcapture system and conversion to bicarbonate. This optimized integration reduces the energy and economic penalty of integrating the COcapture system and conversion to value-added chemical. 1. Integrated COcapture system and production of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO) characterized by the integration of:{'sub': '2', 'a. COcapture through a dry carbonation process'}{'sub': 2', '3', '3', '2', '2', '3, 'b. Conversion of trona (NaCO—NaHCO-2HO) into sodium carbonate (NaCO)'}{'sub': 2', '3', '2, 'c. Generation of sodium bicarbonate from the NaCOgenerated and the COcaptured.'}2. Integrated COcapture system and NaHCOgeneration according to wherein it is integrated in the output current of fossil fuel thermal plants and in COemitting industrial installations.3. Integrated system of COcapture and generation of NaHCOaccording to wherein the subsystem of COcapture uses the dry carbonation process.4. Integrated system according to the wherein the contribution of heat at medium temperature (140-230° C.) for the regeneration of sorbent and dissociation of the trona in the process of COcapture can come from renewable energy claim 1 , solar thermal technology of medium temperature or biomass.5. Integrated system of COcapture and generation of NaHCOaccording to wherein it allows generating near-zero COemissions ...

METHOD FOR FIXING CARBON DIOXIDE, METHOD FOR PRODUCING FIXED CARBON DIOXIDE, AND FIXED CARBON DIOXIDE PRODUCTION APPARATUS

The present invention can provide a new method for fixing carbon dioxide. The method for fixing carbon dioxide of the present invention includes a contact step of bringing a mixed liquid containing sodium hydroxide and further containing at least one of a chloride of a Group 2 element or a chloride of a divalent metal element into contact with a gas containing carbon dioxide, wherein in the contact step, the mixed liquid and the gas are brought into contact with each other by feeding the gas into the mixed liquid. 1. A method for fixing carbon dioxide , comprising:a contact step of bringing a mixed liquid containing sodium hydroxide and further containing at least one of a chloride of a Group 2 element or a chloride of a divalent metal element into contact with a gas containing carbon dioxide, whereinin the contact step, the mixed liquid and the gas are brought into contact with each other by feeding the gas into the mixed liquid.2. The method for fixing carbon dioxide according to claim 1 , whereinat least one of the chloride of a Group 2 element or the chloride of a divalent metal element is calcium chloride.3. The method for fixing carbon dioxide according to claim 1 , whereinin the contact step, the gas is fed into the mixed liquid by bubbling.4. The method for fixing carbon dioxide according to claim 1 , whereina concentration of the sodium hydroxide in the mixed liquid is less than 0.2 N.5. The method for fixing carbon dioxide according to claim 1 , whereina concentration of the sodium hydroxide in the mixed liquid is 0.05 N or more.6. The method for fixing carbon dioxide according to claim 1 , whereina concentration of the calcium chloride in the mixed liquid is 0.05 mol/l or more.7. The method for fixing carbon dioxide according to claim 1 , whereina temperature of the mixed liquid is 70° C. or more.8. The method for fixing carbon dioxide according to claim 1 , further comprising:a cooling step of cooling the mixed liquid after the contact step.9. A method ...

System and Method for Carbon Dioxide Capture and Sequestration

A method and a system capable of removing carbon dioxide directly from ambient air, and obtaining relatively pure CO. The method comprises the steps of generating usable and process heat from a primary production process, applying the process heat from said primary process to co-generate substantially saturated steam, alternately repeatedly exposing a sorbent to removal and to capture regeneration system phases, wherein said sorbent is alternately exposed to a flow of ambient air during said removal phase, to sorb, and therefore remove, carbon dioxide from said ambient air, and to a flow of the process steam during the regeneration and capture phase, to remove the sorbed carbon dioxide, thus regenerating such sorbent, and capturing in relatively pure form the removed carbon dioxide. The sorbent can be carried on a porous thin flexible sheet constantly in motion between the removal location and the regeneration location 124-. (canceled)25. A method for controlling average temperature of a planet's atmosphere by removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to reduce global warming , the method comprising:{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'siting a plurality of a CO-extraction systems distributed on each of the inhabited continents of the Earth, at least near to fossil fuel power sources of CO, each of said CO-extraction systems comprising an amine adsorbent supported on a solid substrate for adsorbing COfrom atmospheric air;'}{'sub': '2', 'a closed regenerating system for regenerating the solid sorbent by driving off the COfrom the sorbent into the closed system;'}a sequestration system that isolates the carbon dioxide removed from the sorbent for storage or use in other processes;{'sub': '2', 'the CO-extraction systems being open to the atmosphere so that air can circulate over the supported amine sorbent;'}{'sub': '2', 'the closed regenerating system comprising a closed chamber, a source of steam at a temperature of less than about 120° C., and a conduit for directing the ...

Pushable Multi-Fiber Connector

Multi-fiber, fiber optic cable assemblies may be configured so that the terminal ends of the cables have pre-assembled back-post assemblies that include pre-assembled ferrules, such as MPO ferrules that meet the requisite tolerances needed for fiber optic transmissions. To protect the pre-assembled components from damage prior to and during installation, pre-assembled components may be enclosed within a protective housing. The housing with pre-assembled components may be of a size smaller than fully assembled connectors so as to be sized to fit through a conduit. The remaining connector housing components for the multi-fiber connectors may be provided separately and may be configured to be attached to the back-post assembly after installation of the cable. 1. A terminal assembly for a multi-fiber optical cable , comprising:a back post member configured to couple to the multi-fiber optical cable;a ferrule;an insert configured to align with the ferrule, the insert being one of a pin holder insert and a pin alignment insert; anda housing including a first housing component and a second housing component configured to couple to the first housing component so as to form at least one chamber therebetween for receiving at least the ferrule, each of the first and second housing components being further configured to couple to the back post member.2. The terminal assembly of claim 1 , wherein the at least one chamber is configured to further receive the insert.3. The terminal assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a biasing member disposed between the back post member and the insert claim 1 , the back post member including a cavity configured to receive the biasing member.4. The terminal assembly of claim 1 , wherein the ferrule is an MPO ferrule.5. The terminal assembly of claim 1 , wherein a maximum first dimension of the back post member in a first transverse cross-sectional direction is in a range of about 5 mm to about 9 mm.6. The terminal assembly of claim 5 , ...

Medical residential and laboratory uses of purified air

The air purification technology and methods of the disclosure will reduce the levels of airborne biological, chemical, and particulate contamination and thus improve outcomes in, for example, all areas of basic, applied, commercial, industrial, biological, and chemical research and manufacturing, as well as hospital settings, and long-term care facilities, as set forth herein.

SODIUM-CALCIUM-ALUMINOSILICATE COLUMN FOR ADSORBING CO2

A new adsorbent CO-ONE for removal of acidic gases such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide was developed from hydrothermal reaction of natural limestone with natural kaolin via sodium hydroxide. Several synthesis conditions were employed such as initial concentration of NaOH, weight ratio of limestone to kaolin, reaction temperature and pressure. The produced Ca—Na—SiO—AlOsamples were characterized using XRD and EDS and showed that a mixture of Gehlenite CaAl(ASiO)OHand Stilbite NaCa(AlSiO) with percentage of 43 and 57 was successfully produced, respectively. Another produced sample showed the presence of Gehlenite CaAl(AlSiO)OH, Stilbite NaCa(AlSiO) and Lawsonite CaAlSiOOH(HO) with percentage of 4.1 and 7.4 and 88, respectively. 19-. (canceled)10: A COadsorption column , comprising: [{'sub': '2', 'a COinlet,'}, 'a gas outlet, and', {'sub': '2', 'a fixed bed column disposed inside the column between the COinlet and the gas outlet,'}], 'an gas adsorption column having{'sub': 2', '2', '3, 'wherein the fixed bed column comprises a Ca—Na—SiO—AlO/Sodium-Calcium-Aluminosilicate composition comprising 3-6% gehlenite, 5-9% stilbite, and 86-92% lawsonite.'}11: The COadsorption column of claim 10 , wherein the Ca—Na—SiO—AlO/Sodium-Calcium-Aluminosilicate composition comprises 4-5% gehlenite claim 10 , 6-8% stilbite claim 10 , and 87-91% lawsonite.12: The COadsorption column composition of claim 10 , wherein the Ca—Na—SiO—AlO/Sodium-Calcium-Aluminosilicate composition comprises 4.1% gehlenite claim 10 , 7.4% stilbite claim 10 , and 88% lawsonite.1315-. (canceled)16: The COadsorption column of claim 10 , wherein the fixed bed column has an acidic gas adsorption capacity of 0.10 mol/g to 0.2 mol/g after a 1regeneration cycle.17: The COadsorption column of claim 10 , wherein the fixed bed column has an acidic gas adsorption capacity of 2.0 mol/g to 2.5 mol/g after a 5regeneration cycle. This application is a continuation of Ser. No. 14/167,460, allowed.Technical FieldThe ...

ISOTHERMAL CO2 ADSORPTION COLUMN

A new adsorbent CO-ONE for removal of acidic gases such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide was developed from hydrothermal reaction of natural limestone with natural kaolin via sodium hydroxide. Several synthesis conditions were employed such as initial concentration of NaOH, weight ratio of limestone to kaolin, reaction temperature and pressure. The produced Ca—Na-SiO2-Al2O3 samples were characterized using XRD and EDS and showed that a mixture of Gehlenite CaAl(AlSiO)OHand Stilbite NaCa(AlSiO) with percentage of 43 and 57 was successfully produced, respectively. Another produced sample showed the presence of Gehlenite CaAl(AlSiO)OH, Stilbite NaCa(AlSiO) and Lawsonite CaAlSiOOH(HO) with percentage of 4.1 and 7.4 and 88, respectively. 1. An isothermal COadsorption column , comprising: [{'sub': '2', 'a COinlet at a first end,'}, 'a gas outlet at a second end, and', 'a fixed bed column disposed inside the column,, 'an gas adsorption column having{'sub': 2', '2', '3, 'wherein the fixed bed column comprises a Ca—Na—SiO—AlO/Sodium-Calcium-Aluminosilicate composition comprising40-45% gehlenite and 55-60% stilbite.2. The isothermal COadsorption column of claim 1 , wherein the fixed bed column further comprises one or more acidic gases adsorbed on the Ca—Na—SiO—AlO/Sodium-Calcium-Aluminosilicate composition.3. The isothermal COadsorption column of claim 1 , wherein the Ca—Na—SiO—AlO/Sodium-Calcium-Aluminosilicate composition comprises 42-44% gehlenite and 56-58% stilbite.4. The isothermal COadsorption column of claim 1 , wherein the Ca—Na—SiO—AlO/Sodium-Calcium-Aluminosilicate composition comprises 43% gehlenite and 57% stilbite.57-. (canceled)8. The isothermal COadsorption column of claim 1 , having an acidic gas adsorption capacity of 0.10 mol/g-0.2 mol/g after a 1regeneration cycle.9. The isothermal COadsorption column of claim 1 , having an acidic gas adsorption capacity of 2.0 mol/g-2.5 mol/g after a 5regeneration cycle.1017-. (canceled) This application is a ...

Renewable transportation fuel process with thermal oxidation sysem

A process for treating effluent streams in a renewable transportation fuel production process is described. One or more of the sour water stream and an acid gas stream are treated directly in thermal oxidation section. The process allows the elimination or size reduction of a sour water stripper unit, waste water treatment plant, and sulfur recovery unit.

Composition for the Purification of Flue Gas

The invention relates to a composition for the purification of flue gas containing 35 to 99 wt. % of a powder of an alkali metal salt of carbonic acid and 1 to 65 wt. % of a powder of an absorptive material, wherein the powder of an absorptive material has a specific pore volume that is equal to or greater than 0.1 cm/g. The invention also relates to a process for dry flue gas purification and the use of an absorptive material to improve the flowability and/or storability and/or HF absorptivity of an alkali metal salt of carbonic acid. 120.-. (canceled)21. A composition for the purification of flue gas , said composition containing , in each case based on the total weight of the composition:a. 35 to 50 wt. % of a powder of an alkali metal salt of carbonic acid; andb. 50 to 65 wt. % of a powder of an absorptive material;wherein said powder of said absorptive material has a specific pore volume that is equal to or greater than 0.1 cm3/g, and wherein said absorptive material is an absorbent for sulfur oxides and/or an absorbent for hydrogen chloride and/or hydrogen fluoride, and wherein said alkali metal salt of carbonic acid is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, potassium sesquicarbonate, and mixtures thereof.22. The composition according to claim 21 , wherein said powder of said alkali metal salt of carbonic acid has a particle size dof less than 50 μm; and/or wherein said powder of said alkali metal salt of carbonic acid has a particle size dof less than 180 μm.23. The composition according to claim 21 , wherein said alkali metal salt of carbonic acid is sodium hydrogen carbonate and/or sodium sesquicarbonate.24. The composition according to claim 21 , wherein said absorptive material is selected from the group consisting of limestone claim 21 , quicklime claim 21 , hydrated lime claim 21 , dolomite claim 21 , dolomitic quicklime claim 21 , dolomitic hydrated lime ...

PROCESS FOR REMOVING S02 FROM GAS WITH S02 CONTENT THAT IS TEMPORARILY VERY HIGH

The invention is directed to a process and a system for removing sulfur dioxide from a feed gas stream. In the process the feed gas pre-scrubbed. Then SO2 is absorbed from the gas with an absorbing medium. The spent absorbing medium is regenerated. These process steps are interchanged with a caustic treatment in the pre-scrubbing zone in case of a very high SO2 content in the feed gas stream. The system comprises a pre-scrubbing unit, an absorption unit, and a regeneration unit. The system is characterized in that the pre-scrubber unit comprises an inlet for an aqueous solution comprising a strong base. These are a simple, cost-efficient and reliable process and facility for processing gas with a varying SO2 content. 1. A process for removing sulfur dioxide from a feed gas stream , which process comprises:(i) contacting the feed gas stream with an aqueous stream in a pre-scrubbing zone;(ii) contacting at least a part of the pre-scrubbed gas stream obtained in step (i) with an aqueous lean absorbing medium in an absorption zone to absorb sulfur dioxide and to form a sulfur dioxide lean treated gas stream and a spent absorbing medium;(iii) stripping, preferably steam stripping, absorbed sulfur dioxide from at least a part of the spent absorbing medium obtained in step (ii) in a regeneration zone to form a regenerated aqueous absorbing medium and gas stream comprising sulfur dioxide;(iv) optionally recycling at least a portion of the regenerated aqueous absorbing medium obtained in step (iii) to step (ii);(v) optionally feeding the gas stream comprising sulfur dioxide to a Sulfur Removal Unit, preferably to a Claus Sulfur Removal Unit;whereby the series of steps (i) to (v) is interchanged with:(A) contacting the feed gas stream with an aqueous solution comprising a strong base in the pre-scrubbing zone to form a sulfur dioxide lean treated gas stream and an aqueous solution comprising sulfite and/or bisulfite ions.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein step (A) ...

PROCESS FOR REMOVING SO2 FROM FLUE GASES USING LIQUID SORBENT INJECTION

Finely atomized alkaline sorbent salt solutions are injected into a hot flue gas stream to remove SO. Flash evaporation of the droplets produces very fine dried sorbent particles, which react efficiently with SOin the flue gas. The liquid sorbent may be sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium sulfite, potassium carbonate, potassium hydroxide or the like. In a coal-fired boiler, the liquid sorbent may be injected after the economizer section, where the flue gas temperature is below 850° F., and upstream of a particulate collection device. The dried sorbent particles react with SOand then are removed from the flue gas stream in the particulate collection device, producing a cleaned flue gas stream. 1. A method for removing sulfur dioxide from a flue gas stream , comprising:passing a flue gas stream through an emission control system having a boiler, an economizer, an air heater, a particulate control device and a stack;injecting into the flue gas stream a liquid sorbent solution having a liquid fraction and a sorbent fraction, wherein the liquid fraction evaporates upon contact with the flue gas stream leaving the sorbent fraction as dry sorbent particles;chemically reacting the dry sorbent particles with sulfur dioxide in the flue gas stream to form a particulate; andcollecting the particulate in a particulate collection device.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the flue gas stream at the point the liquid sorbent solution is injected is less than 850° F.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the flue gas stream at the point the liquid sorbent solution is injected is between 600° F. and 800° F.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid sorbent solution is injected into the flue gas stream after the flue gas stream exits the economizer.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid sorbent solution is injected into the flue gas stream after the flue gas stream passes through the economizer and is also injected into the flue gas ...

FOULING MITIGATION IN ALKANOLAMINE TREATING SYSTEMS

Methods for the prevention or mitigation of fouling in amine-treating systems comprising providing circulating aqueous amine solution and a hydrocarbon stream comprising at least one acid gas; and interacting the circulating aqueous amine solution with the hydrocarbon stream comprising the at least one acid gas to remove the acid gas from the hydrocarbon stream and entrain the acid gas into the aqueous amine solution. The circulating aqueous amine solution comprises entrained acid gas comprises foulant precursors; and polysulfide ions are introduced to react with the foulant precursors to decrease the rate of fouling within the circulating aqueous amine solution. 1. A method for the prevention or mitigation of fouling in amine-treating systems comprising:providing circulating aqueous amine solution and a hydrocarbon stream comprising at least one acid gas; and 'wherein the circulating aqueous amine solution comprising entrained acid gas comprises foulant precursors; and', 'interacting the circulating aqueous amine solution with the hydrocarbon stream comprising the at least one acid gas to remove at least a portion of the acid gas from the hydrocarbon stream and entrain the acid gas into the aqueous amine solution;'}introducing polysulfide ions react with the foulant precursors to decrease the rate of fouling within the circulating aqueous amine solution.2. The method of wherein the circulating aqueous amine solution comprises a rich amine circuit and a lean amine circuit; and wherein polysulfide ions are introduced into the rich amine circuit claim 1 , the lean amine circuit claim 1 , or both the rich amine circuit and the lean amine circuit.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous amine solution comprises alkanolamines.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the alkanolamines comprise at least one ethanolamine selected from the group consisting of monoethanolamine (MEA) claim 3 , diethanolamine (DEA) claim 3 , diglycolamine (DGA) claim 3 , di-isopropanolamine ...

PROCESS FOR CLEANING CARBON DIOXIDE-CONTAINING PROCESS GASES FROM THE PREPARATION OF VINYL ACETATE

The invention provides processes for cleaning carbon dioxide-containing process gases from the preparation of vinyl acetate after reaction of ethylene with acetic acid and oxygen in heterogeneously catalyzed, continuous gas phase processes, characterized in that carbon dioxide-containing process gases, for removal of carbon dioxide, are contacted with one or more scrubbing solutions, and one or more scrubbing solutions comprise one or more oxides of metals (metal oxides) selected from the group comprising vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, manganese and arsenic. 1. A process for cleaning carbon dioxide-containing process gases from the preparation of vinyl acetate comprising the steps of: reacting ethylene with acetic acid and oxygen in a heterogeneously catalyzed continuous gas-phase process to form acarbon dioxide-containing process gas; and contacting the carbon dioxide-containing process gas with one or more alkaline scrubbing solutionscomprising:{'sub': 3', '3', '2', '5', '4', '2', '7', '4', '2', '7, 'I) one or more oxides of metals form the group comprising KVO,NaVO, KVO,. NaVOand KVOand also'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '4', '2', '2', '4', '2', '2', '7', '2', '2', '7, 'II) one or more oxides of metals of the group comprising KBO, NaBO, KBO, NaBOand KBO.'}2. (canceled)3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the one or more scrubbing solutions are situated in a CO absorber having a sump claim 1 , said process further comprising the steps of:{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'feeding the carbon dioxide-containing process gas to the COabsorber in the region of the sump thereof; passing the carbon dioxide-containing process gas through the COabsorber whereby carbon dioxide is removed from the process gas and is taken up by the scrubbing solution; and withdrawing the cleaned process gas from the COabsorber and feeding it back to the reaction forming vinyl acetate.'}4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the one or more scrubbing solutions contain 0.5 to 20% by weight of ...

PITCH DESTRUCTION PROCESSES USING THERMAL OXIDATION SYSTEM

Processes for the treatment of waste streams from the hydroconversion of heavy hydrocarbons containing additives and catalysts are described. At least one of the SHC pitch stream, SDA pitch stream, and the heavy residue stream is sent to a thermal oxidation system. The metals in the SHC and SDA pitch streams and the heavy residue stream are oxidized and can be easily recovered as clean powdered metal oxides which can be reused or sold. The processes produce chemicals which can be recovered and sold. 1. A process for treating effluent streams in a process comprising: [{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'thermally oxidizing the at least one of the pitch stream from the slurry hydrocracking fractionation section, the pitch stream from the solvent deasphalting separation section, and the heavy residue stream in a thermal oxidizing section forming flue gas consisting essentially of at least one of HO, CO, N, O, SOx, NOx, and oxidized metal particulate;'}, 'recovering waste heat from the flue gas in a waste heat recovery section;', 'optionally filtering the flue gas in the filtration section to remove the oxidized metal particulate forming a filtered flue gas and a particulate stream comprising the oxidized metal particulate;', {'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'claim-text': quenching the flue gas or the filtered flue gas to form quenched flue gas after recovering the waste heat; and', {'sub': 3', '2', '2', '3', '2', '4', '3', '2', '3', '4', '2', '4, 'contacting a caustic solution or an NHbased solution with the quenched flue gas in scrubbing section to form the de-SOx outlet flue gas and a liquid stream comprising at least one of HO, NaSO, NaSO, NaHSO, NaCO, and (NH)SO;'}, 'or', {'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '3', '2', '4', '3', '4', '3', '3', '2', '3', '4', '3', '2', '3', '3', '2', '3', '2', '3', '2', '2, 'reacting the flue gas or the filtered flue gas with a reactant in an SOx reaction section to form a reaction section flue gas consisting essentially of at least one of HO, CO, N, O, ...

Composition for the Purification of Flue Gas

The invention relates to a composition for the purification of flue gas containing 1 to 99 wt. % of a powder of a sodium salt of carbonic acid and 1 to 99 wt. % of a powder of an absorptive material, wherein the powder of an absorptive material has a specific pore volume that is equal to or greater than 0.1 cm/g. The invention also relates to a process for dry flue gas purification and the use of an absorptive material to improve the flowability and/or storability and/or HF absorptivity of a sodium salt of carbonic acid. 120.-. (canceled)21. A composition for the purification of flue gas , said composition containing , in each case based on the total weight of the composition:a. 13 to 30 wt. % of a powder of a sodium salt of carbonic acid; andb. 70 to 87 wt. % of a powder of an absorptive material,{'sup': '3', 'sub': '50', 'wherein said powder of said absorptive material has a specific pore volume that is equal to or greater than 0.1 cm/g and wherein said absorptive material is an absorbent for sulfur oxides and/or an absorptive material for hydrogen chloride and/or hydrogen fluoride, and wherein said powder of said sodium salt of carbonic acid has a particle size dof less than 50 μm.'}22. The composition according to claim 21 , wherein said composition contains 13 to 20 wt. % of said powder of said sodium salt of carbonic acid claim 21 , based on the total weight of the composition claim 21 , and/or wherein said composition contains 80 to 87 wt. % of said powder of said absorptive material claim 21 , based on the total weight of the composition.23. The composition according to claim 21 , wherein said powder of said sodium salt of carbonic acid has a particle size dof less than 45 μm claim 21 , and/or wherein said powder of said sodium salt of carbonic acid has a particle size dof less than 180 μm.24. The composition according to claim 21 , wherein said sodium salt of carbonic acid is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydrogen carbonate claim 21 , sodium ...

NAPHTHA COMPLEX WITH THERMAL OXIDATION SYSTEM

A process for treating effluent streams in a naphtha complex is described. One or more of the sour water stripping unit for the NHT sour water from the NHT, the amine treatment unit and the caustic treatment unit for the NHT stripper off-gas, the caustic scrubber unit or other chloride treatment unit for the off-gas from the C-Cisomerization zone and the Cisomerization zone, and the caustic scrubber unit or other chloride treatment unit for the regenerator off-gas are replaced with a thermal oxidation system. 1. A process for treating off-gas and water effluent streams in a naphtha complex comprising:{'sub': 5', '6', '5', '6', '4', '4, 'claim-text': [{'sub': 5', '6', '4', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2, 'thermally oxidizing the at least one of the NHT stripper off-gas stream, the C-Cisomerization stabilizer off-gas stream, the regenerator off-gas stream, the Cisomerization stabilizer off-gas stream, and the NHT sour water stream in a thermal oxidizing section forming flue gas consisting essentially of at least one of HO, CO, N, O, SOx, NOx, HCl, Cl, dioxins, and furans;'}, 'optionally recovering waste heat from the flue gas in a waste heat recovery section;', {'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2, 'claim-text': quenching the flue gas in a quench section to form quenched flue gas after recovering the waste heat; and', {'sub': 3', '2', '2', '3', '2', '4', '2', '3', '2', '3', '4', '2', '4', '4, 'contacting a caustic solution or an NHbased solution with the quenched flue gas in scrubbing section to form the de-SOx outlet flue gas and a liquid stream comprising at least one of HO, NaSO, NaSO, NaHSO, NaCO, NaCl, (NH)SO, and NHCl;'}, 'or', {'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '3', '2', '4', '3', '2', '4', '3', '3', '2', '2', '3', '4', '3', '2', '2', '3', '3', '2', '3', '2', '3', '2', '2, 'reacting the flue gas with a reactant in an SOx reaction section to form a reaction section flue gas consisting essentially of at least one of HO, CO, N, O, NaCl, NaCO, NaSO, NaNO, CaCl, CaSO, CaCO, Ca( ...

Systems and methods for air revitalization

An air revitalization system may include a humidity control device configured to remove water vapor from air within a pressurized enclosed volume. The system may further include an inlet duct configured to transport the air from the pressurized enclosed volume to the humidity control device. The system may also include an outlet duct configured to transport the air from the humidity control device to the pressurized enclosed volume. The system may include a sublimator configured to cool the air within the pressurized enclosed volume while generating additional water vapor. The system may further include a vacuum vent duct configured to transport the water vapor from the humidity control device and the additional water vapor from the sublimator to an exterior of the pressurized enclosed volume.

Process and plant for producing cement clinker and for purifying the offgases formed

The invention relates to a process and a plant for producing cement clinker and for purifying the off-gases formed thereby, wherein cement raw meal is preheated in a preheater by means of hot off-gases and then optionally precalcined, the preheated and optionally precalcined cement raw meal is burnt in a rotary kiln to form cement clinker, the cement clinker is cooled in a cooler, the hot off-gases used in the preheater are used in a raw mill for treating the cement raw meal, the dust content of a dust-containing mill off-gas thereby formed is reduced in a separating device to less than 5 g/Nm 3 , preferably less than 1 g/Nm 3 , alkali hydrogen carbonate and/or alkali carbonate is added to and mixed with the mill off-gas whose dust content has been reduced to less than 5 g/Nm 3 , and the mixed gas thereby formed is subsequently fed to a process filter for separation of dust laden with pollutants.

Sodium bicarbonate product with excellent flowability and its method of manufacture

A particulate sodium bicarbonate product with an excellent flowability characterized by an angle of repose less than 30 degrees. An angle of repose of less than 27.5 is particularly good. The product is preferably in the form of ovoid or spherical particles, in that the particles have a mean axial ratio of at least 0.5. In some embodiments, the sodium bicarbonate product has a smooth particle surface in which less than 75% of the particle surface is covered with spikes. The particles may have a mean diameter D 50 of at least 75 microns but less than 300 microns. The particulate sodium bicarbonate product comprises inorganic and organic impurities embedded in its polycrystalline structure, for example at least 75 ppm TOC; or at least 30 ppm Ca; or from 1 to 18 ppm Mg; or more than 0.6 g/kg NaCl; and/or from 100 to less than 500 ppm Si. A process for manufacturing such product, and its use for the treatment of pollutants in gases such as removal of acid gas.

Control of carbonyl sulfide with sodium borohydride in caustic towers for petroleum/petrochemical processes

Sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ) may be used to removing carbonyl sulfide (COS) from a process stream containing it. The method involves contacting the process stream with an amount of effective of NaBH 4 to react with the COS to form reaction products that may be removed by a process of washing away the reaction product by an aqueous basic compound and/or the reaction product having a higher boiling point than carbonyl sulfide which permits trapping the reaction product, such as in a caustic tower.

MATERIALS AND METHODS FOR MITIGATING HALIDE SPECIES IN PROCESS STREAMS

Materials and methods for mitigating the effects of halide species contained in process streams are provided. A halide-containing process stream can be contacted with mitigation materials comprising active metal oxides and a non-acidic high surface area carrier combined with a solid, porous substrate. The halide species in the process stream can be reacted with the mitigation material to produce neutralized halide salts and a process stream that is essentially halide-free. The neutralized salts can be attracted and retained on the solid, porous substrate. 1. A medium for treating chloride species in a process stream , the medium comprising a reactant and a solid , porous substrate retainer , wherein the medium is configured to react with a chloride species in the process stream to produce an essentially chloride-free process stream and attract and retain the neutralized chloride salts on the substrate retainer , and wherein the reactant comprises tribasic potassium phosphate and a titanium dioxide carrier.2. The medium of claim 1 , wherein the solid claim 1 , porous substrate retainer comprises a reticulated ceramic material having a surface area of up to 300 square meters per gram. This application is a divisional application and claims the benefit, and priority benefit, of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/258,286, file Jan. 25, 2019, which is a continuation application and claims the benefit, and priority benefit, of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/485,943, filed Apr. 12, 2017, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,258,902, which claims the benefit, and priority benefit, of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/377,294, filed Aug. 19, 2016, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/378,059, filed Aug. 22, 2016, the disclosures and contents of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.The presently disclosed subject matter relates to mitigating the effects of undesired halide species in process streams within industrial ...

MATERIALS AND METHODS FOR MITIGATING HALIDE SPECIES IN PROCESS STREAMS

Materials and methods for mitigating the effects of halide species contained in process streams are provided. A halide-containing process stream can be contacted with mitigation materials comprising active metal oxides and a non-acidic high surface area carrier combined with a solid, porous substrate. The halide species in the process stream can be reacted with the mitigation material to produce neutralized halide salts and a process stream that is essentially halide-free. The neutralized salts can be attracted and retained on the solid, porous substrate. 1contacting the process stream with a medium comprising a reactant and a solid porous substrate retainer,wherein the process stream comprises a hydrocarbon fluid and chloride species,and wherein the reactant comprises tribasic potassium phosphate and a titanium dioxide carrier;reacting the halide species in the process stream with the medium to produce a halide-free process stream and neutralized chloride salts; andattracting and retaining the neutralized chloride salts on the substrate retainer.. A method of treating chloride species in a process stream, the method comprising: This application is a continuation application and claims the benefit, and priority benefit, of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/258,286, filed Jan. 25, 2019, which claims the benefit, and priority benefit, of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/485,943, filed Apr. 12, 2017, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,258,902, which claims the benefit, and priority benefit, of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/377,294, filed Aug. 19, 2016, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/378,059, filed Aug. 22, 2016, the disclosures and contents of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.The presently disclosed subject matter relates to mitigating the effects of undesired halide species in process streams within industrial process facilities.Undesired halide species can be found in industrial process streams and ...

CARBON DIOXIDE FIXATION APPARATUS

The present invention provides a new carbon dioxide fixation apparatus. The carbon dioxide fixation apparatus () of the present invention includes: a first reaction vessel (); a carbon dioxide fixing agent feeding unit (); and a gas-liquid mixing unit. The first reaction vessel () can contain a carbon dioxide fixing agent, the carbon dioxide fixing agent feeding unit () can feed the carbon dioxide fixing agent into the first reaction vessel (), and the gas-liquid mixing unit can mix a gas containing carbon dioxide into the carbon dioxide fixing agent. 1. A carbon dioxide fixation apparatus , comprising:a first reaction vessel;a carbon dioxide fixing agent feeding unit; anda gas-liquid mixing unit, whereinthe first reaction vessel can contain a carbon dioxide fixing agent,the carbon dioxide fixing agent feeding unit can feed the carbon dioxide fixing agent into the first reaction vessel, andthe gas-liquid mixing unit can mix a gas containing carbon dioxide into the carbon dioxide fixing agent.2. The carbon dioxide fixation apparatus according to claim 1 , whereinthe gas-liquid mixing unit is inserted into the first reaction vessel, a plurality of holes are provided at an insertion end portion, and the gas can be discharged from the plurality of holes into the carbon dioxide fixing agent in the first reaction vessel.3. The carbon dioxide fixation apparatus according to claim 1 , whereinthe gas-liquid mixing unit comprises a liquid circulation flow path and a pump,the liquid circulation flow path comprises a liquid suction end portion and a liquid discharge end portion,the liquid suction end portion and the liquid discharge end portion are inserted into the first reaction vessel, andthe pump can suck the carbon dioxide fixing agent from the liquid suction end portion and can discharge the sucked carbon dioxide fixing agent from the liquid discharge end portion.4. The carbon dioxide fixation apparatus according to claim 3 , whereinthe liquid circulation flow path ...

INSPIRATORY SYNTHESIS OF NITRIC OXIDE

A system for generating nitric oxide can include an apparatus positioned in a trachea of a mammal, the apparatus in-eluding a respiration sensor for collecting information related to one or more triggering events associated with the trachea, an oxygen sensor for collecting information related to a concentration of oxygen in a gas, and one or more pairs of electrodes for initiating a series of electric arcs to generate nitric oxide, and the system for generating nitric oxide can also include a controller for determining one or more control parameters based on the information collected by the respiration sensor and the oxygen sensor, wherein the series of electric arcs is initiated based on the control parameters determined by the controller. 147-. (canceled)48. An apparatus comprising:a reaction chamber including one or more pairs of electrodes configured to generate a series of electric arcs to synthesize a reactant gas containing at least nitrogen and oxygen to a product gas containing nitric oxide;a sensor configured to measure one or more characteristics of the reactant gas or the product gas; anda controller in communication with the one or more pairs of electrodes and the sensor, the controller being configured to detect a triggering event based on the one or more characteristics of the reactant gas or the product gas and initiate the series of electric arcs a predetermined amount of time ahead of the triggering event to increase a concentration of nitric oxide in the product gas.49. The apparatus of claim 48 , wherein the predetermined amount of time ahead of the triggering event is configured to be adjusted to control the concentration of nitric oxide in the product gas.50. The apparatus of claim 48 , wherein the one or more characteristics include at least one of a direction of flow of the reactant gas claim 48 , a tidal volume of a flow of the reactant gas claim 48 , a timing of a flow of the reactant gas claim 48 , a change in temperature of a flow of the ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR AIR REVITALIZATION

An air revitalization system may include a humidity control device configured to remove water vapor from air within a pressurized enclosed volume. The system may further include an inlet duct configured to transport the air from the pressurized enclosed volume to the humidity control device. The system may also include an outlet duct configured to transport the air from the humidity control device to the pressurized enclosed volume. The system may include a sublimator configured to cool the air within the pressurized enclosed volume while generating additional water vapor. The system may further include a vacuum vent duct configured to transport the water vapor from the humidity control device and the additional water vapor from the sublimator to an exterior of the pressurized enclosed volume. 1. A method for air revitalization , the method comprising:transporting air from a pressurized enclosed volume to a humidity control device;removing water vapor from the air with the humidity control device;transporting the air from the humidity control device to the pressurized enclosed volume;cooling the air within the pressurized enclosed volume while generating additional water vapor at a sublimator; andtransporting the water vapor from the humidity control device and the additional water vapor from the sublimator through a vacuum vent duct to an exterior of the pressurized enclosed volume.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:creating a pressure differential at an air ejector using the air, wherein the pressure differential draws additional air from the pressurized enclosed volume through an inlet vent and into a mixing section; anddiffusing a mixture of the air and the additional air into the pressurized enclosed volume.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:drawing the additional air across a smoke detector in proximity to the inlet vent.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:removing carbon dioxide from the air at a carbon dioxide control device ...

ANESTHETIC CIRCUIT HAVING A HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANE

An anesthetic circuit is provided for treating a patient. The anesthetic circuit includes a membrane having a plurality of hollow fibers. Also provided is a fluid separation apparatus connectable to an anesthetic circuit. In a further embodiment, a method is provided for anesthetic treatment of a patient. 1. An anesthetic circuit for treating a patient , comprising:a flow passage;an anesthetic agent inlet in fluid communication with the flow passage for introducing an external anesthetic agent into the flow passage;at least one fluid port in fluid communication with the flow passage for providing at least the external anesthetic agent to the patient, whereinthe at least one fluid port receives an exhaled fluid mixture from the patient, the exhaled fluid mixture comprising an exhaled oxygen, an exhaled carbon dioxide and an exhaled anesthetic agent, the flow passage being in fluid communication with the at least one fluid port for receiving the exhaled fluid mixture from the at least one fluid port; the membrane is pervious to the exhaled carbon dioxide such that the membrane has an exhaled carbon dioxide-to-exhaled anesthetic agent selectivity of greater than 1,', 'the exhaled fluid mixture contacts the membrane wherein the membrane separates a portion of the exhaled carbon dioxide from the exhaled fluid mixture to leave a modified fluid mixture in the flow passage having a lower amount of the exhaled carbon dioxide than the exhaled fluid mixture, and', 'the at least one fluid port is configured to receive the modified fluid mixture from the membrane and provide at least the modified fluid mixture to the patient; and, 'a membrane comprising a plurality of hollow fibers, the membrane being in fluid communication with the flow passage, configured to receive the exhaled fluid mixture from the at least one fluid port, and at least partially impervious to the exhaled anesthetic agent to at least partially retain the exhaled anesthetic agent in the flow passage after the ...

COMPLEXATION AND REMOVAL OF MERCURY FROM FLUE GAS DESULFURIZATION SYSTEMS

A method for the reduction and prevention of mercury emissions into the environment from combusted fossil fuels or other off-gases with the use of peracetic acid is disclosed. The peracetic acid is used for the capture of mercury from the resulting flue gases using a flue gas desulfurization system or scrubber. The method uses peracetic acid in conjunction with a scrubber to capture mercury and lower its emission and/or re-emission with stack gases. The method allows the use of coal as a cleaner and environmentally friendlier fuel source as well as capturing mercury from other processing systems. 1. A method for reducing mercury emissions , comprising:providing a gas stream comprising mercury; andpassing the gas stream into a scrubber comprising a scrubber liquor and peracetic acid, wherein the peracetic acid is mixed with a carrying agent selected from the group consisting of a lime slurry, a sodium-based alkali solution, a trona-based solution, a sodium carbonate solution, a sodium hydroxide solution, water, and any combination thereof.2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carrying agent is water.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising mixing acetic acid and an oxidant to form the peracetic acid.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the oxidant is selected from hydrogen peroxide claim 5 , sodium hypochlorite and mixtures of the same.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the oxidant is hydrogen peroxide.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mercury is from combusted coal.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the scrubber is a wet scrubber selected from a spray tower system claim 1 , a jet bubbler system claim 1 , and a co-current packed tower system.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the peracetic acid is added to the liquor and then added to the scrubber.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the peracetic acid is added to the scrubber containing the liquor.12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the peracetic acid is added to a virgin liquor ...

CARBON DIOXIDE SEPARATOR

A carbon dioxide separator includes an absorption tower for producing a carbon dioxide-rich absorbent and a carbon dioxide-depleted flue gas by reaction of a carbon dioxide-containing flue gas and an absorbent contained therein; a regeneration tower for removing the carbon dioxide-rich absorbent transferred from the absorption tower in the presence of the flowing gas to separate the same into a carbon dioxide-rich treatment gas and a carbon dioxide-lean absorbent; and a separation membrane module for selectively membrane-separating and concentrating the carbon dioxide, wherein the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas is transferred to the absorption tower as a carbon dioxide-lean flue gas obtained via the separation membrane module, and the flowing gas is transferred to the regeneration tower as the carbon dioxide-rich flue gas obtained via the separation membrane module from the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas. 1. A carbon dioxide separator comprising:an absorption tower for producing a carbon dioxide-rich absorbent and a carbon dioxide-depleted flue gas by reaction of a carbon dioxide-containing flue gas and an absorbent contained therein; a regeneration tower for removing the carbon dioxide-rich absorbent transferred from the absorption tower in the presence of a flowing gas to separate the same into a carbon dioxide-rich treatment gas and a carbon dioxide-lean absorbent; and a separation membrane module for selectively membrane-separating and concentrating the carbon dioxide, wherein the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas is transferred to the absorption tower as a carbon dioxide-lean flue gas obtained via the separation membrane module, and the flowing gas is transferred to the regeneration tower as the carbon dioxide-rich flue gas obtained via the separation membrane module from the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas.2. The carbon dioxide separator of claim 1 , wherein the absorbent is a dry absorbent.3. The carbon dioxide separator of claim 1 , wherein a ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FIXING CARBON DIOXIDE, AND FUEL GAS DESULFURIZATION FACILITY

Provided are an absorbing column in which flue gas containing sulfur oxides is desulfurized by seawater and a reactor vessel in which alkali earth metal or alkali metal is added to the seawater having absorbed the sulfur oxides from the flue gas in the absorbing column to produce a compound which is stable like minerals. 1. A method for fixing carbon dioxide comprisinga seawater desulfurizing step of desulfurizing flue gas containing sulfur oxides by seawater andan addition step of adding an element selected from a group consisting of alkali earth metal and alkali metal to the seawater having absorbed the sulfur oxides from the flue gas in said seawater desulfurizing step to produce a compound.2. The method for fixing carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a recovery step of recovering the compound produced by said addition step.3. The method for fixing carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said alkali earth metal is an element selected from a group consisting of calcium and magnesium.4. The method for fixing carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 2 , wherein said alkali earth metal is an element selected from a group consisting of calcium and magnesium.5. The method for fixing carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said alkali metal is an element selected from a group consisting of lithium claim 1 , sodium and potassium.6. The method for fixing carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 2 , wherein said alkali metal is an element selected from a group consisting of lithium claim 2 , sodium and potassium.7. An apparatus for fixing carbon dioxide comprisingan absorbing column in which flue gas containing sulfur oxides is desulfurized by seawater anda reactor vessel in which an element selected from a group consisting of alkali earth metal and alkali metal is added to the seawater having absorbed the sulfur oxides from the flue gas in said absorbing column to produce a compound.8. The apparatus for fixing carbon dioxide as claimed in further ...

Low Temperature Method and System for Fuel Gas Purification and Utilization Thereof

A low temperature purification system includes a reactor; a lye tank to store oxygen-rich alkaline absorbent; an exhausted gas supplier to provide vehicle exhausted gas to the reactor; a gasification pump arranged between the reactor and the lye tank to spray the oxygen-rich alkaline absorbent to the reactor; wherein the oxygen-rich alkaline absorbent is reacted with vehicle exhausted gas to generate a series of reactions to purify the vehicle exhausted gas. A low temperature purification method includes the following steps: (1) providing vehicle exhausted gas into a reactor; (2) providing oxygen-rich alkaline absorbent into a reactor to form reaction gas; (3) compressing the reaction gas by a piston to generate a series of reactions to generate reacted products; (4) separating liquid-gas-solid in the reacted products to purify the vehicle exhausted gas. 1. A low temperature purification system , comprising:a reactor;a lye tank to store oxygen-rich alkaline absorbent;an exhausted gas supplier to provide exhausted gas to said reactor; anda gasification pump arranged between said reactor and said lye tank to spray said oxygen-rich alkaline absorbent to said reactor, wherein said oxygen-rich alkaline absorbent is reacted with said exhausted gas to generate a series of reactions to purify said vehicle exhausted gas.2. The low temperature system claim 1 , as recited in claim 1 , wherein said reactor is a cylinder.3. The low temperature purification system claim 1 , as recited in claim 1 , wherein said exhausted gas includes pollutants selected from a group consisting of carbon monoxide (CO) claim 1 , hydrocarbons claim 1 , (HC) claim 1 , nitrogen oxides (NO) claim 1 , particulate matter (PM) claim 1 , carbon dioxide (CO) claim 1 , and sulfur dioxide (SO).4. The low temperature purification system claim 3 , as recited in claim 3 , wherein said oxygen-rich alkaline absorbent comprises NaOH claim 3 , and other alkaline solutions claim 3 , and said oxygen-rich alkaline ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REDUCING THE INCREASE IN TEMPERATURE AT THE SURFACE OF THE TERRESTRIAL GLOBE, VEHICLE AND STATION FOR IMPLEMENTING SAID METHOD

Disclosed is a method for reducing the increase in temperature at the surface of the earth and the increase in the content of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere due to the fossil fuel and non-fossil fuel combustion operations, remarkable in that it consists in reducing the increase in the temperature of the earth and the increase in the content of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, which reductions in the temperature of the earth and of the content of carbon dioxide are achieved by reducing the drop in the oxygen content in the atmosphere, which reduction in the drop in the oxygen content includes: producing pure oxygen or producing hydrogen peroxide, and using for fuel combustion the oxygen or hydrogen peroxide to reduce the consumption of oxygen contained in the air during the combustion operations. Also disclosed is the device, the vehicle and the plant for carrying out the method.

Addition of alkaline materials to biotrickling filter or bio-filter make-up water

A system for removing undesirable compounds from contaminated air includes a biofilter having an alkaline material introduction system and a fuzzy-logic based controller. A contaminant, such as hydrogen sulfide, is removed from contaminated air by passing the contaminated air through the biofilter.

Nuclear driven carbon dioxide sequestration system and method

A system and method for heat produced at a nuclear power plant as the energy source for carbon dioxide sequestration while simultaneously producing electricity. The system includes a nuclear power plant that differs significantly from conventional designs inasmuch as its design is tightly integrated into the carbon dioxide sequestration system. The system generates electricity and sequesters carbon dioxide at the same time. Instead of simply generating electricity from the nuclear reactor and then using that electricity to run a sequestration process, the method is designed to directly provide the requisite thermal energy to the sequestration process, and simultaneously power an electrical generator. Another feature of the system design is a method of optimizing load balancing between the electrical grid and carbon dioxide sequestration.

System and Method for Carbon Dioxide Capture and Sequestration

A method for removing carbon dioxide directly from ambient air, using a sorbent under ambient conditions, to obtain relatively pure CO. The COis removed from the sorbent using process heat, preferably in the form of steam, at a temperature in the range of not greater than about 130° C., to capture the relatively pure COand to regenerate the sorbent for repeated use. Increased efficiency can be achieved by admixing with the ambient air, prior to contacting the sorbent, a minor amount of a preferably pretreated effluent gas containing a higher concentration of carbon dioxide. The captured carbon dioxide can be stored for further use, or sequestered permanently. The above method provides purified carbon dioxide for further use in agriculture and chemical processes, or for permanent sequestration. 136-. (canceled)37. A system for cyclically removing carbon dioxide from a CO-laden gas flow selected from ambient air or a blended mixture of a minor portion of carbon dioxide-containing effluent gases with a major portion of carbon dioxide laden ambient air , by adsorbing or binding the COon a sorbent for CO , and capturing the COby stripping the COfrom the sorbent , the system comprising:a contact structure comprising a porous substrate with a surface area along which an amine sorbent is distributed that is capable of reversibly adsorbing, or binding to, carbon dioxide, an air conduit, open at one end to the ambient atmosphere and at a second end to a blending zone, an effluent gas conduit having an inlet and an outlet, the blending zone being also connected to the outlet from the effluent gas conduit, the inlet to the effluent gas conduit being connected to a source of effluent gases, the outlet from the blending zone emptying into the contact structure, the relative flow of effluent gases and ambient air into the blending zone being such as to result in a gas blend comprising not greater than 25% by volume of effluent gases and a blended temperature of not greater than 25 ...

SORBENTS FOR REMOVAL OF MERCURY

Methods and systems for reducing mercury emissions from fluid streams are provided herein, as are adsorbent materials having high volumetric iodine numbers. 1. A method for removing mercury from a flue gas comprising:injecting an adsorptive material into a flue gas stream wherein the adsorptive material comprises an activated carbon having a volumetric iodine number of about 500 mg/cc to about 650 mg/cc, wherein the adsorptive material has a mean particle diameter (MPD) of less than about 15 μm, wherein the volumetric iodine number is a product of the gravimetric iodine number (mg of iodine adsorbed/gram of carbon) and the apparent density of the activated carbon (grams of carbon/cc of carbon), wherein the gravimetric iodine number is determined using standard test method (ASTM) D-4607 and the apparent density is determined using (ASTM) D-2854.2. The method of claim 1 , the adsorptive material further comprising one or more oxidizing agent.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the one or more oxidizing agent is selected from the group consisting of chlorine claim 2 , bromine claim 2 , iodine claim 2 , calcium hypochlorite claim 2 , calcium hypobromite claim 2 , calcium hypoiodite claim 2 , calcium chloride claim 2 , calcium bromide claim 2 , calcium iodide claim 2 , magnesium chloride claim 2 , magnesium bromide claim 2 , magnesium iodide claim 2 , sodium chloride claim 2 , sodium bromide claim 2 , sodium iodide claim 2 , potassium tri-chloride claim 2 , potassium tri-bromide claim 2 , potassium triiodide claim 2 , and combinations thereof.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the one or more oxidizing agent comprises 5 wt. % to 50 wt. % of a total adsorptive material.5. The method of claim 1 , the adsorptive material further comprising one or more nitrogen source that is combined as a dry admixture with the mercury adsorptive material.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the one or more nitrogen source is selected from the group consisting of ammonium containing compounds ...

SEPARATION METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR OXIDATIVE COUPLING OF METHANE

The present disclosure provides a method for generating higher hydrocarbon(s) from a stream comprising compounds with two or more carbon atoms (C), comprising introducing methane and an oxidant (e.g., O) into an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reactor. The OCM reactor reacts the methane with the oxidant to generate a first product stream comprising the C compounds. The first product stream can then be directed to a separations unit that recovers at least a portion of the C compounds from the first product stream to yield a second product stream comprising the at least the portion of the C compounds. 1134.-. (canceled)135. A method for generating compounds with two or more carbon atoms (C compounds) , comprising:{'sub': 2', '4', '2', '4', '2', '4', '2', '6', '2', '6', '2', '4', '2+', '2', '4', '2', '6', '1', '4, '(a) directing oxygen (O) and methane (CH) into an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reactor having a first section and a second section downstream of said first section, to produce a product stream, which first section reacts said Oand CHin an OCM process to yield ethylene (CH), ethane (CH), and heat, which second section uses said heat to convert said CHfrom said first section into CHin a non-OCM process, and which product stream comprises (i) C compounds including CHand CHand (ii) Ccompounds including un-reacted CH;'}{'sub': 2', '4', '2', '6', '1, '(b) directing said product stream into a first separations unit containing a metal organic framework (MOF) that produces (i) a first stream comprising said CH, (ii) a second stream comprising said CH, and (iii) a third stream comprising said Ccompounds;'}(c) directing said second stream into said second section;{'sub': 2', '1', '2', '2, '(d) directing said third stream into a second separations unit comprising a COseparations unit to create a fourth stream comprising said Ccompounds, which COseparation unit employs sorbent or solvent separation of CO; and'}(e) directing said fourth stream into said first ...

Process for capture of carbon dioxide and desalination

The present invention relates to a process for reducing in a gas stream the concentration of carbon dioxide and for reducing in an aqueous stream the concentration of sodium chloride, which process comprises contacting a feed gas comprising greater than or equal to 0.1% by volume carbon dioxide with an aqueous feed comprising: (a) sodium chloride; and (b) calcium oxide and/or calcium hydroxide at a total concentration of greater than or equal to 0.5% by weight, wherein the pH of the aqueous feed is greater than or equal to 10.0. A product aqueous stream obtained from the process of the invention is also described.

CERAMIC MATERIAL FOR THE ABSORPTION OF CARBON DIOXIDE, PRODUCTION PROCESS, PROCESSES FOR THE REGENERATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE AND OF THE CERAMIC MATERIAL, AND USES

The present invention describes the process of preparing ceramic materials for absorption of acidic gases, mainly carbon dioxide, in exhaust systems and/or present indoors. Ceramic materials are formed by a mixture of alkali carbonate with alkaline earth metal oxide/hydroxide associated with a binding component, but non-limiting. The alkali carbonate comprises sodium, potassium carbonate, or a mixture of both. The alkaline earth metal oxide/hydroxide may be formed from magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide as well as calcium oxide and/or calcium hydroxide. 111-. (canceled)12. A process for producing a ceramic material , comprising the following steps:{'sub': 2', '3', '2', '3, '(a) solubilizing 23 to 360 g of alkali carbonate in 500 to 1,000 mL of water, wherein the alkali carbonate is NaCO, KCO, or a combination thereof;'}(b) adding 200 to 800 g of alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide;(c) adding a binding agent to form a mixture;(d) homogenizing the mixture obtained in step (c) for 5 to 30 minutes to form a clay;(e) removing, and optionally molding the clay obtained in step (d) for 1 to 3 hours;(f) drying the clay at a temperature from 50° C. to 150° C., preferably 80° C., for a period of 3 to 48 hours.13. The process of claim 12 , wherein 87 g of alkali carbonate is solubilized in 500 to 1 claim 12 ,000 mL of water.14. The process of claim 12 , wherein 300 g of alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide is added.15. The process of claim 12 , wherein the mixture is homogenized for 10 minutes.16. The process of claim 12 , wherein the clay is molded for 1 hour.17. The process of claim 12 , wherein the clay is dried for 24 hours.18. The process of claim 12 , wherein the alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide in step (b) is selected from the group consisting of: magnesium oxide (MgO) claim 12 , magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)) claim 12 , calcium oxide (CaO) claim 12 , and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)).19. The process of claim 12 , wherein the binding agent in step (c) is ...

IMPURITIES REMOVAL SYSTEM

Provided are drain tank storing predetermined amount of drain from cooler; alkaline aqueous solution supply unit with aqueous solution adjustment tank receiving and storing part of drain in drain tank in predetermined amount, solid alkaline agent supplier supplying solid alkaline agent to produce alkaline aqueous solution, alkaline concentration controller controlling solid alkaline agent supplier to regulate alkaline concentration of alkaline aqueous solution, and pump supplying alkaline aqueous solution to exhaust gas entry side of cooler; and alkaline supply control unit with impurity sensor downstream of succeeding cooler, drain pH sensor obtaining detected pH of drain in drain tank, and supply controller controlling alkaline supply amount supplied to exhaust gas entry side of cooler based on detected impurity value to make detected pH to set value. 1. An impurity removal system having a plurality of impurity separators comprising a plurality of compressors for compressing exhaust gas from an oxyfuel combustor and mainly constituted by carbon dioxide stepwisely to a target pressure for liquefied or compressed transportation and coolers for cooling the exhaust gas from the respective compressors to discharge water condensed by the cooling as drain , an alkaline aqueous solution being supplied to an exhaust gas entry side of the cooler to discharge the impurities in the exhaust gas together with the drain , the system comprisinga drain tank for receiving the drain from the cooler to store a predetermined amount of drain,an alkaline aqueous solution supply unit comprising an aqueous solution adjustment tank for receiving and storing part of the drain from the drain tank, a solid alkaline agent supplier for supplying a solid alkaline agent to the drain in the aqueous solution adjustment tank to produce an alkaline aqueous solution, an alkaline concentration controller for controlling the solid alkaline agent supplier to regulate a detected alkaline concentration of ...

Refrigeration load reduction system and methods

A refrigeration load reduction system can include a primary container having gas permeable openings therein. A granular composition is retained within the container. The granular composition is a granular mixture of a sodium carbonate mineral and a mono-, di- or tricarboxylic acid. Typically, the sodium carbonate mineral is a trona mineral, although other minerals can be used singly or in combination with trona. A method of reducing refrigeration load can include orienting the refrigeration load reduction system within a fluid circulation path of a refrigeration unit adapted to cool a refrigeration chamber.

SHAPED ATTRITION RESISTANT PARTICLES FOR CO2 CAPTURING AND CONVERSION

The present invention relates to Cellulose and/or Lignin based materials used as catalyst and/or sorbent support, carrier and/or binder in combination with an inorganic binder, leading to strong but flexible structures such as porous monoliths, wire mesh or shaped particles (extrudates, beads, pellets, microspheres) which can accommodate variations in catalyst and/or sorbent loadings as well as temperature and pressure fluctuations and humidity swings, this without loss of sorption capacity and mechanical integrity to prevent attrition, fines, losses etc. These sorbent/catalyst can be produced from waste biomass and can be recycled and reused, dissolved and re-precipitated making use of solvents like ZnCI2. 1. Attrition resistant shaped porous materials or particles comprising:a) an organic carbon based support and/or binder selected from carbon fibers, active carbon particles, carbon coated on an inorganic binder sorbent system and material from biomass origin which is partially or wholly carbonized,b) an inorganic binder and support selected from alumina, silica-slumina, magnesia, titania and/or clays containing silica and/or magnesia and/or titania and/or alumina and/or zinc,{'sub': 2', '2', '3', '3', '3', '3, 'c) inorganic oxides and/or carbonates dispersed on a) and/or b) as COcapturing sorbent and/or as conversion catalysts whereby c) comprises an inorganic carbonate, preferably selected from KCO, KHCO, NaCO, and NaHCO.'}2. Attrition resistant shaped porous materials or particles of comprising:a) 20-80% of the organic Carbon based material,b) 20-80% of the inorganic support and/or binder,{'sub': '2', 'c) inorganic oxides and/or Carbonates dispersed on a) and/or b) as COcapturing sorbent and/or as conversion catalysts.'}3. Attrition resistant shaped porous materials or particles of{'sub': '2', 'wherein inorganic oxides and/or Carbonates are dispersed on a) as COcapturing sorbent and/or conversion catalysts.'}4. Attrition resistant shaped porous materials or ...

Method for the removal of at least one contaminant from an aqueous liquor or a gas

A method for the removal of at least one contaminant from an aqueous liquor or a gas, comprising: preparing a solution or slurry of a solid alkali reagent by supplying a solid alkali reagent into a pre-wetting chamber via a feed pipe; supplying a liquid via two or more liquid sidestreams, each through a liquid inlet positioned on a side wall of the chamber to allow the liquid sidestreams to wash an internal wall of a frusto-conical section of the chamber and flow, preferably tangentially onto the internal wall in a downward spiraling manner thereby forming a vortex, towards a fluid outlet of the chamber and to further wet the solid alkali reagent with the supplied liquid thereby forming a pre-wetted reagent; and flowing a stream though a conduit, thereby creating a suction by the eductor to draw the pre-wetted reagent out of the chamber fluid outlet and mixing it with the stream to form a slurry or solution; and directing the slurry or solution exiting the eductor to an aqueous liquor or gas treatment unit, removing at least a portion of the contaminant from the aqueous liquor or gas in the treatment unit.

CARBON DIOXIDE RECOVERY

Carbon dioxide is separated from flue gas by scrubbing the gas with an aqueous solution of an amine and salt, and the COis therefore released from the solution by heating. The scrubbing step is performed with a co-current stream of an aqueous solution of the amine and a salt. 1a. burning a fossil fuel to create a supply of flue gas containing carbon dioxide at a fossil site;b. continuously transporting the flue gas supply to the top of an absorption column packed with an aqueous solution of an amine chosen from the group consisting of N-Propylamine and monoethanolamine and a salt chosen from the group consisting of Na Cl and K Cl while replenishing the solution to the top of the column thereby scrubbing the flue gas by a downward co-current flow of the gas and the solution though the column at a temperature of between 15° C. and 50° C. thereby saturating the solution with carbon dioxide to produce a bicarbonate and ammonia chloride;c. thereafter heating the carbon dioxide enriched solution taken from the bottom of the column to release the absorbed carbon dioxide; andd. recycling the regenerated aqueous solution to the top of the column to replenish the solution for step (b).. A system for recovery carbon dioxide from a flue gas containing carbon dioxide comprising the steps of: This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/966,459 filed Apr. 30, 2018, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/600,043 filed May 19, 2017, which is a continuation-in part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/798,827 filed Jul. 14, 2015, and hereby incorporates by reference the priority dates and contents of said applications in their entirety.The present invention relates to a process for the recovery of carbon dioxde from flue gases. The process uses an aqueous solution of salt and an amine to scrub the flue gas and absorb carbon dioxide. The resulting solution is regenerated by heating it in order to strip out pure carbon ...

METHODS FOR THE CAPTURE OF GASEOUS SULFUR-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS FROM A NATUAL GAS CONTAINING HYDROGEN SULFIDE

This disclosure provides a method for treating natural gas comprising causing at least some of a sour natural gas stream comprising hydrocarbon gas and hydrogen sulfide to contact an amine or pass through a separation system. A sweet natural gas stream comprising hydrocarbon gas and a waste gas stream comprising hydrogen sulfide are formed by contacting the sour natural gas with an amine or by passing it though a separation device. At least some of the hydrogen sulfide in the waste gas stream is oxidized, forming an exhaust gas stream comprising sulfur dioxide, which is then contacted with water or reactant and water solution or slurry to destroy or convert SOinto a less environmentally harmful compound. 1. A method of capturing and removing gaseous sulfur-containing compounds from natural gas containing HS , comprising the steps of:delivering natural gas into an amine plant or separator;{'sub': '2', 'separating the natural gas in the amine plant into a sweet natural gas stream and a concentrated waste stream having a HS component;'}{'sub': '2', 'delivering the concentrated waste stream, containing the HS component, to an oxidizer;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'oxidizing components of the concentrated waste stream, including the HS component, in the oxidizer to yield an oxidized waste stream comprising sulfur oxide wherein the sulfur oxide is comprised primarily of SO;'}cooling the oxidized waste stream;{'sub': '2', 'transferring the oxidized waste stream to a scrubber and reacting SOin the oxidized waste stream with a reactant in a water solution or slurry in the scrubber to obtain sulfite or sulfate or salts or a combination thereof; and'}filtering aerosols exiting the quenching scrubber with a scrubbed gas filter.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the oxidized waste stream is cooled by contacting the oxidized waste stream with water.3. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising utilizing heat generated by oxidizing the concentrated waste stream to ...

INSPIRATORY SYNTHESIS OF NITRIC OXIDE

A system for generating nitric oxide can include an apparatus positioned in a trachea of a mammal, the apparatus in eluding a respiration sensor for collecting information related to one or more triggering events associated with the trachea, an oxygen sensor for collecting information related to a concentration of oxygen in a gas, and one or more pairs of electrodes for initiating a series of electric arcs to generate nitric oxide, and the system for generating nitric oxide can also include a controller for determining one or more control parameters based on the information collected by the respiration sensor and the oxygen sensor, wherein the series of electric arcs is initiated based on the control parameters determined by the controller. 147.-. (canceled)48. An apparatus comprising:a reaction chamber including one or more pairs of electrodes configured to generate a series of electric arcs to synthesize a reactant gas containing at least nitrogen and oxygen to a product gas containing nitric oxide, the reaction chamber being at least partially positioned within a tube into which the product gas is delivered;a sensor configured to measure one or more characteristics of a flow of a gas in the tube; and{'sub': '2', 'a controller in communication with the one or more pairs of electrodes and the sensor, the controller being configured to initiate the series of electric arcs based on the one or more characteristics of the flow of the gas in the tube to minimize a concentration of NOin the product gas.'}49. The apparatus of claim 48 , wherein the one or more pairs of electrodes include a noble metal.50. The apparatus of claim 48 , wherein the one or more pairs of electrodes include iridium.51. The apparatus of claim 48 , wherein the one or more characteristics include at least one of a direction of the flow of the gas claim 48 , a tidal volume of the flow of the gas claim 48 , a timing of the flow of the gas claim 48 , a change in temperature of the flow of the gas ...

PROCESS FOR CO2 CAPTURE USING CARBONATES AND BIOCATALYSTS

A formulation and process for capturing COuse an absorption mixture containing water, biocatalysts and a carbonate compound. The process includes contacting a CO-containing gas with the absorption mixture to enable dissolution and transformation of COinto bicarbonate and hydrogen ions, thereby producing a CO-depleted gas and an ion-rich solution, followed by subjecting the ion-rich solution to desorption. The biocatalyst improves absorption of the mixture comprising carbonate compounds and the carbonate compound promotes release of the bicarbonate ions from the ion-rich solution during desorption, producing a COgas stream and an ion-depleted solution. 1. An enzymatic process for COcapture , comprising:{'sub': '2', 'supplying a COcontaining gas into a lower portion of an absorption unit;'}supplying an absorption solution comprising sodium or potassium carbonate into an upper portion of the absorption unit;{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'counter-currently and directly contacting the COcontaining gas and the absorption solution in the absorption unit in the presence of carbonic anhydrase while operating at an absorption pressure to enable dissolution and biocatalytic transformation of COinto bicarbonate and hydrogen ions, thereby producing a COdepleted gas and an ion-loaded solution;'}removing the ion-loaded solution from the lower portion of the absorption unit;supplying the ion-loaded solution to an upper portion of a desorption unit;{'sub': 2', '2, 'desorbing COfrom the ion-loaded solution in the desorption unit operated at a desorption pressure that is lower than the absorption pressure, to produce desorbed COgas, water vapor, and a regenerated absorption solution;'}removing the regenerated absorption solution from a lower portion of the desorption unit;{'sub': '2', 'removing a gas stream comprising the desorbed COgas and the water vapor from the desorption unit; and'}recycling at least part of the regenerated absorption solution back as at least part of the absorption ...

Control of aqueous arsenic, selenium, mercury or other metals from flue gas

The invention pertains to methods of reducing dissolved elements such as arsenic, selenium and mercury in aqueous solutions using, for example, various barium compounds to partition said elements to a solid phase. Such methods are particularly useful for reducing such elements at various points in coal and oil-fired power plants prior to final waste water treatment.

Methods for removing contaminants from exhaust gases

Industrial gas streams such as flue gas streams are treated for nitrogen oxides and other contaminants in dry or semi-dry scrubbers. After the flue gas stream has been contacted with a sorbent, ozone is mixed downstream into the flue gas stream thereby oxidizing the nitrogen oxides and other contaminants. The oxidized contaminants is contacted with sorbent present in the gas stream in the remaining height or volume of the scrubber downstream of ozone injection; and The sorbent is then separated from the flue gas stream leaving the dry or semi-dry scrubber.

Process for co2 capture using micro-particles comprising biocatalysts

A process for desorbing CO 2 gas from an ion-rich aqueous mixture comprising bicarbonate and hydrogen ions, includes providing micro-particles in the ion-rich aqueous mixture; and feeding the ion-rich aqueous mixture into a desorption reactor; the micro-particles comprising a support material and biocatalysts supported and stabilized by the support material and being sized and provided in a concentration in the desorption reactor such that the micro-particles are carried with the ion-rich aqueous mixture to promote transformation of the bicarbonate and hydrogen ions into CO 2 gas and water, thereby producing a CO 2 gas stream and an ion-depleted solution.

STABILIZED INORGANIC OXIDE SUPPORTS AND ADSORBENTS DERIVED THEREFROM FOR CARBON DIOXIDE CAPTURE

The present invention relates to a stabilized inorganic oxide support for capturing carbon dioxide from gases having high regeneration capacities over many cycles. The method for preparing the stabilized inorganic oxide support includes stabilizing an alumina-containing precursor by either calcining or steaming, impregnating an alkali or alkaline earth compound into the stabilized alumina-and drying the alkali or alkaline earth compound-impregnated stabilized alumina-. The stabilized inorganic oxide support can be regenerated at lower temperatures between 100 and 150° C. The carbon dioxide adsorption capacity of the regenerated support is between 70 and 90% of the theoretical carbon dioxide adsorption capacity. 1. A method for preparing a stabilized inorganic oxide support for capturing carbon dioxide from gases , said method comprising the following steps:a. stabilizing at least one alumina-containing precursor selected from the group consisting of gamma-alumina, silica-alumina, boehmite, pseudoboehmite and gibbsite by thermally treating said alumina-containing precursor to obtain a stabilized alumina, wherein the thermal treatment is carried out using at least one technique selected from the group consisting of calcination and steaming;b. impregnating at least one alkali or alkaline earth compound into the stabilized alumina to obtain an alkali or alkaline earth compound-impregnated stabilized alumina, wherein the alkali or alkaline earth compound is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alkali or alkaline earth carbonates, alkali or alkaline earth bicarbonates and alkali or alkaline earth oxides; andc. drying the alkali or alkaline earth compound-impregnated stabilized alumina, wherein the step of drying is carried out at a temperature in the range of 80° C. to 140° C., preferably at 120° C., to obtain a stabilized inorganic oxide support.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said stabilized alumina contains at least one alumina form selected ...

CHEMICAL SEQUESTERING OF CO2, NOX AND SO2

The disclosure provides seven integrated methods for the chemical sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO), nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO) (collectively NO, where x=1, 2) and sulfur dioxide (SO) using closed loop technology. The methods recycle process reagents and mass balance consumable reagents that can be made using electrochemical separation of sodium chloride (NaCl) or potassium chloride (KCl). The technology applies to marine and terrestrial exhaust gas sources for CO, NOx and SO. The integrated technology combines compatible and green processes that capture and/or convert CO, NOx and SOinto compounds that enhance the environment, many with commercial value. 1. A method of chemically sequestering sulfur dioxide (SO) , nitrogen oxide (NO) , nitrogen dioxide (NO) and carbon dioxide (CO) by a loop sequence , comprising:{'sub': ['2', '2', '2', '2'], '#text': 'a) providing a mixture of SO, NO, NO, CO, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and water (HO) in the one or more second reaction chambers;'}{'sub': ['2', '2', '2', '4'], '#text': 'b) reacting SOwith NaOCl and HO to generate sodium chloride (NaCl) and sulfuric acid (HSO) in the mixture;'}{'sub': ['2', '2', '3'], '#text': 'c) reacting NO and NOwith NaOCl and HO to generate sodium nitrate (NaNO) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the mixture;'}{'sub': ['2', '2', '3'], '#text': 'd) reacting COwith NaOCl and HO to generate hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO) in the mixture;'}{'sub': ['2', '2', '2'], '#text': 'e) reacting NO and NOwith NaOH and NaOCl to generate sodium nitrite (NaNO) and HO in the mixture;'}{'sub': ['2', '3'], '#text': 'f) reacting COwith NaOH to provide NaHCOin the mixture;'}{'sub': ['3', '2', '4'], '#text': 'g) adding an alcohol solvent to the mixture, forcing the generated NaCl NaHCOand NaSOto precipitate, and removing the precipitate from the mixture;'}h) removing the alcohol solvent from the mixture;{'sub': ['2', '3'], '#text': 'i) adding a dialkyl ketone ...

CAPTURING CARBON DIOXIDE

Techniques for drift elimination in a liquid-gas contactor system include configuring a pre-fabricated mechanical frame coupled to a drift eliminator material to produce a framed drift eliminator assembly with substantially no air gaps between the drift eliminator material and the pre-fabricated mechanical frame, and coupling the framed drift eliminator assembly to the liquid-gas contactor system. 1. (canceled)2. A dual-cell cross flow gas contactor for capturing atmospheric CO2 , the dual-cell cross flow gas contactor comprising:an induced fan within a fan cowling, the induced fan coupled to a structural housing;one or more sections of drift eliminator material coupled to the structural housing;one or more sections of packing material coupled to the structural housing, the one or more sections of packing material configured to be wetted by a process solution having a CO2-absorbing capacity;an open plenum section coupled to the structural housing, the open plenum section defined between a first section and a second section of the one or more sections of packing material and the fan cowling; anda basin fluidly coupled to the one or more sections of packing material, the basin configured to collect the process solution from the one or more section of packing.3. The dual-cell cross flow gas contactor of claim 1 , wherein the one or more sections of drift eliminator material is positioned below the fan cowling and downwind of the one or more sections of packing material.4. The dual-cell cross flow gas contactor of claim 1 , wherein the one or more sections of drift eliminator material is positioned adjacent to and downwind of the packing material.5. The dual-cell cross flow gas contactor of claim 4 , wherein the drift eliminator material is coupled to the packing material.6. The dual-cell cross flow gas contactor of claim 1 , further comprising a sealant coupled to at least one of the drift eliminator material or the structural housing.7. The dual-cell cross flow gas ...

MULTICOMPONENT COMPOSITIONS FOR MERCURY REMOVAL

Herein are disclosed compositions of matter, processes of manufacture and processes of use of solid state admixtures that include an inorganic base and a sulfide selected from the group consisting of an ammonium sulfide, an alkali metal sulfide, an alkali-earth metal sulfide, transition metal sulfide, and a mixture thereof. The composition can include solid state inorganic bases (e.g., calcium hydroxide and sodium sesquicarbonate) and/or gaseous bases (e.g., ammonia) and, optionally, a support material for one or more of the inorganic base and sulfide. The compositions are useful for capturing environmental contaminants, for example, from the flue gas of a coal fired power plant. 1. A composition comprising:a solid state admixture of an inorganic base and a sulfide selected from the group consisting of an ammonium sulfide, an alkali metal sulfide, an alkali-earth metal sulfide, transition metal sulfide, and a mixture thereof.2. The composition of consisting essentially of an admixture of the inorganic base and the sulfide.3. The composition of further comprising a support carrying the admixture.4. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the composition consists essentially of the support carrying the admixture.5. The composition of - claim 3 , wherein the support is selected from the group consisting of a silicate claim 3 , an aluminate claim 3 , an aluminosilicate claim 3 , a carbon claim 3 , and a mixture thereof.6. The composition of any one of - claim 3 , wherein the support is a phyllosilicate selected from the group consisting of bentonite claim 3 , montmorillonite claim 3 , hectorite claim 3 , beidellite claim 3 , saponite claim 3 , nontronite claim 3 , volkonskoite claim 3 , sauconite claim 3 , stevensite claim 3 , fluorohectorite claim 3 , laponite claim 3 , rectonite claim 3 , vermiculite claim 3 , illite claim 3 , a micaceous mineral claim 3 , makatite claim 3 , kanemite claim 3 , octasilicate (illierite) claim 3 , magadiite claim 3 , kenyaite claim 3 , ...

SEPARATION AND CO-CAPTURE OF CO2 AND SO2 FROM COMBUSTION PROCESS FLUE GAS

The present invention relates to a process for concurrently removing COand SOfrom flue gas produced by a combustion process, comprising: 1. A process for concurrently removing COand SOfrom flue gas produced by a combustion process , comprising:{'sub': 2', '2, '(a) performing a combustion process by combusting a fuel and air in a combustion apparatus, thereby creating an exhaust stream comprising COand SO;'}(b) compressing the exhaust stream in a first compression step, thereby producing a first compressed gas stream;{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, '(c) providing a first membrane having a feed side and a permeate side, and being selectively permeable to COand SOover nitrogen and to COand SOover oxygen;'}(d) passing at least a portion of the first compressed gas stream across the feed side;{'sub': 2', '2, '(e) withdrawing from the feed side a CO- and SO-depleted residue stream;'}{'sub': 2', '2, '(f) withdrawing from the permeate side at a lower pressure than the first compressed gas stream, a first permeate stream enriched in COand SO;'}{'sub': 2', '2, '(g) passing the first permeate stream to a separation process that produces a stream enriched in COand a stream enriched in SO.'}2. The process of claim 1 , wherein between steps (f) and (h) there is a further step (f′) of compressing the first permeate stream in a second compression step.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the exhaust stream comprises flue gas from a coal-fired power plant.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the separation process is a Ca(OH) claim 1 , Na(OH) scrubbing step.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the separation step is an absorption process.6. The process of claim 5 , wherein the absorption process is a Wellman-Lord process.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein volume of the first permeate stream is less than about one-fifth of the volume of the exhaust stream8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the exhaust stream further comprises NO.9. The process of claim 8 , wherein the first membrane is also ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING GAS

A method and apparatus for purifying gas where gas is treated in a multistage treatment having at least two ejector stages, a motive medium including liquid, steam or gaseous agent at high pressure injected by an ejector of the ejector stage, and the gas is sucked into the same ejector and mixed with the motive medium for forming a mixture, at least a part of gas and/or liquid phase of the mixture is supplied to a second ejector stage having so that a second motive medium which includes liquid, steam or gaseous agent is injected to the ejector and the gas and/or the liquid phase is sucked into the same ejector in which the gas and/or liquid phase is mixed with the second motive medium for forming a second mixture, at least one of the mixtures includes an additive for removing impurities of the gas, and a purified gas is formed. 1. A method for purifying gas , whereina gas is treated in a multistage treatment comprising at least two ejector stages,a motive medium which comprises liquid, steam or gaseous agent at high pressure is injected to at least one ejector of the ejector stage, and the gas is sucked into the same ejector in which the gas is mixed with the motive medium for forming a mixture,at least a part of gas phase and/or liquid phase of the mixture is supplied to a second or later ejector stage which comprises at least one ejector so that a second or later motive medium which comprises liquid, steam or gaseous agent is injected to the ejector and the gas phase and/or the liquid phase is sucked into the same ejector in which the gas phase and/or liquid phase is mixed with the second or later motive medium for forming a second or later mixture,at least one of the mixtures comprises an additive for removing impurities of the gas, anda purified gas is formed.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein high pressure liquid is used as motive medium in the first ejector stage and/or in the second or later ejector stage.3. The method according to claim 1 , claim 1 ...

RECIRCULATION FILTER FOR AN ELECTRONICS ENCLOSURE

A filter assembly for use in an electronics enclosure is disclosed herein. The filter assembly has an inner assembly having a filter material comprising fibrous media and a containment assembly having a first containment layer and a second containment layer. The containment assembly defines an outer perimeter and the first containment layer and a second containment layer are bonded along the outer perimeter in an outer weld area to encapsulate the inner assembly. The outer weld area extends between the outer perimeter and an interior perimeter. The inner assembly defines an inner assembly perimeter that is within the outer perimeter of the containment assembly. 1. A filter assembly for use in an electronics enclosure comprising:an inner assembly comprising a filter material comprising fibrous media, wherein the inner assembly defines an inner assembly perimeter; anda containment assembly defining an outer perimeter, the containment assembly comprising a first containment layer and a second containment layer bonded along the outer perimeter in an outer weld area to encapsulate the inner assembly,wherein the inner assembly perimeter is within the outer perimeter of the containment assembly, andwherein the outer weld area extends between the outer perimeter and an interior perimeter.2. The filter assembly of any of and - , wherein the inner assembly further comprises an adsorbent adjacent to the filter material.3. The filter assembly of any of - and - , wherein the filter material encapsulates the adsorbent.4. The filter assembly of any of - and - , defining a locking structure that is configured to limit shifting of the inner assembly relative to the containment assembly within the interior perimeter of the containment assembly.5. The filter assembly of any of - and - , wherein the locking structure comprises at least one bonding element in the group consisting of: an adhesive and a melted region of the containment assembly , wherein the bonding element is disposed ...

AMOUNT OF SEAWATER CONTROL DEVICE FOR SCRUBBER, AMOUNT OF SEAWATER CONTROL METHOD FOR SCRUBBER, AND AMOUNT OF ALKALI CONTROL DEVICE AND AMOUNT OF ALKALI CONTROL METHOD

A method for controlling an amount of seawater supplied to a scrubber that purifies sulfur oxide contained in exhaust gas by bringing the sulfur oxide into contact with seawater, includes calculating a minimum amount of seawater necessary for an absorption reaction of the sulfur oxide by the seawater, from an engine output, a sulfur content of fuel oil, and a predetermined alkalinity of the seawater, calculating a corrected amount of seawater as an amount of seawater at which the sulfur oxide in the exhaust gas discharged into atmosphere from the scrubber is equal to or less than a set variable based on a measured value of the sulfur oxide in the exhaust gas, calculating a set amount of seawater by summing the minimum amount of seawater and the corrected amount of seawater and implementing control such that seawater corresponding to the set amount is supplied to the scrubber. 1. An amount of seawater control method for a scrubber , which controls an amount of seawater supplied to a scrubber that purifies sulfur oxide contained in exhaust gas by bringing the sulfur oxide into contact with seawater , comprising the steps of:calculating a minimum amount of seawater which is a minimum amount of seawater necessary for an absorption reaction of the sulfur oxide by the seawater, from an engine output, a sulfur content of fuel oil and a predetermined alkalinity of the seawater;calculating a corrected amount of seawater which is an amount of seawater at which the sulfur oxide contained in the exhaust gas discharged into atmosphere from the scrubber is equal to or less than a set variable based on a measured value of the sulfur oxide contained in the exhaust gas;calculating a set amount of seawater by summing the minimum amount of seawater and the corrected amount of seawater; andimplementing control such that seawater corresponding to the set amount of seawater is supplied to the scrubber.2. The amount of seawater control method for a scrubber according to claim 1 , further ...

SOx CAPTURE USING CARBONATE ABSORBENT

A desulfurization gas process includes water vapor, COand SO(x=2 and/or 3). In a treatment unit, the gas contacts a cooled alkaline aqueous solution having a temperature lower than an initial gas temperature, water and a carbonate of an alkali metal, to cool the gas, condense some water vapor and absorb SOin the carbonate-containing solution, produce an SO-depleted gas and an acidic aqueous solution including sulfate and/or sulfite ions. The SO-depleted gas and a portion of the acidic aqueous solution can then be withdrawn from the treatment unit. Carbonate of the alkali metal can be added to remaining acidic aqueous solution to obtain a made-up alkaline aqueous solution. This solution can be cooled and reused as the cooled alkaline aqueous solution. An SOabsorbent solution includes a bleed stream from a CO-capture process, sodium or potassium carbonate, and an acidic aqueous solution obtained from desulfurization.

Device for Continuous and Efficient Water Absorption and Regeneratation of Desiccant, an Air Cooler, and a Method for Controlling Such a Device

The present invention relates to a device for absorbing water using a liquid desiccant and the regeneration of said liquid desiccant by evaporating the absorbed water. The device may further be used in an air cooler. The invention also relates to a method for controlling a device for absorbing water.

USING LITHIUM HYDROXIDE TO SCRUB CARBON DIOXIDE FROM GAS TURBINE

A system includes a gas turbine system and an aftertreatment system coupled to an exhaust outlet of the gas turbine system and configured to treat exhaust gases exiting the exhaust outlet. The aftertreatment system includes a cooling unit configured to cool the exhaust gases and a carbon dioxide (CO2) treatment unit coupled to the cooling unit and configured to treat cooled exhaust gases by reducing an amount of CO2 in the cooled exhaust gases with lithium hydroxide (LiOH). The aftertreatment system includes a LiOH supply unit coupled to the CO2 treatment unit and configured to feed LiOH into the CO2 treatment unit such that a reaction between LiOH and CO2 occurs inside the CO2 treatment unit to convert CO2 into lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) and water (H2O). The aftertreatment system also includes a treated exhaust outlet coupled to the CO2 treatment unit and configured to discharge treated exhaust gases. 1. A system , comprising: a compressor;', 'a combustion section;', 'a turbine; and', 'an exhaust outlet; and, 'a gas turbine system comprising a cooling unit configured to cool the exhaust gases;', {'sub': 2', '2, 'a carbon dioxide (CO) treatment unit coupled to the cooling unit and configured to treat cooled exhaust gases by reducing an amount of COin the cooled exhaust gases with lithium hydroxide (LiOH);'}, {'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '3', '2, 'a LiOH supply unit coupled to the COtreatment unit and configured to feed LiOH into the COtreatment unit such that a reaction between LiOH and COoccurs inside the COtreatment unit to convert COinto lithium carbonate (LiCO) and water (HO); and'}, {'sub': '2', 'a treated exhaust outlet coupled to the COtreatment unit and configured to discharge treated exhaust gases.'}], 'an aftertreatment system coupled to an exhaust outlet of the gas turbine system and configured to treat exhaust gases exiting the exhaust outlet, comprising2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the aftertreatment system comprises a recycle unit coupled ...

Hydration of gas streams

Techniques for humidifying a gas stream using a hydration system includes directing a gas stream through a contact zone of at least one hydration system; directing a hydration solution into the contact zone using a pump; contacting the gas stream with the hydration solution; evaporating water from the hydration solution into the gas stream to form a humidified gas stream, transporting the humidified gas stream out of the at least one hydration system; and collecting the remaining hydration solution in a hydration solution collection basin below the contact zone. The at least one hydration system is fluidly coupled to at least one downstream process and the humidified gas stream from the at least one hydration system is transported as a feed stream to the at least one downstream process.

Process for the removal of sulphur oxides and nitrogen oxides contained in off-gas from an industrial plant

Process for cleaning an off-gas containing sulphur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter employing SOx adsorption and ammonia-SCR in one filtration unit, in particular a filter bag house with one or more catalysed fabric filter assemblies.

STABILIZATION OF AT LEAST ONE HEAVY METAL CONTAINED IN A SODIC FLY ASH USING A WATER-SOLUBLE SOURCE OF SILICATE AND A MATERIAL CONTAINING CALCIUM AND/OR MAGNESIUM

A treatment method for stabilizing at least a portion of at least one heavy metal contained in a sodic fly ash to reduce leachability, wherein the sodic fly ash is provided by a process whereby a sodium-based sorbent is injected in a combustion flue gas to remove pollutants therefrom. The treatment method comprises contacting the sodic fly ash with at least one water-soluble source of silicate and at least one additive comprising calcium and/or magnesium. The material obtained from the contacting step is preferably dried. The additive may be selected from the group consisting of lime kiln dust, fine limestone, quicklime, hydrated lime, dolomitic lime, dolomite, selectively calcined dolomite, hydrated dolomite, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide, and any mixture thereof. A particularly preferred additive comprises lime kiln dust and/or dolomitic lime. The heavy metal to be stabilized in the sodic fly ash may comprise selenium and/or arsenic. 2. (canceled)3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one additive comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of lime kiln dust claim 1 , fine limestone claim 1 , quicklime claim 1 , hydrated lime claim 1 , dolomitic lime claim 1 , dolomite claim 1 , selectively calcined dolomite claim 1 , hydrated dolomite claim 1 , magnesium hydroxide claim 1 , magnesium carbonate claim 1 , magnesium oxide claim 1 , and any mixture of two or more thereof.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one additive comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of lime kiln dust claim 1 , fine limestone claim 1 , quicklime claim 1 , hydrated lime claim 1 , dolomitic lime claim 1 , dolomite claim 1 , selectively calcined dolomite claim 1 , hydrated dolomite claim 1 , and any mixture of two or more thereof.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said sodic fly ash has a Na content greater than 1.5 wt % expressed as NaO.6. The method according to ...

Photocatalytic material for splitting oxides of carbon

An embodiment relates to a photocatalytic composite material comprising (a) a first component that generates a photoexcited electron and has at least a certain minimum bandgap to absorb visible light and a structure that substantially prevents the recombination of the photoexcited electron and a hole; (b) a second component that adsorbs/absorbs an oxide of carbon; and (c) a third component that splits the oxide of carbon into carbon and oxygen using the photoexcited electron.

WATER RECYCLING IN A CO2 REMOVAL PROCESS AND SYSTEM

Apparatuses, systems, and methods related to removing carbon dioxide from a gas stream are provided. Gas streams can be waste gas streams or natural gas streams. The systems and methods for removing carbon dioxide incorporate water repurposing schemes. Still others are disclosed. 1. A method of effectively reducing an amount of carbon dioxide from a gas stream comprising the steps of(a) generating an aqueous hydroxide solution in a chloro-alkali cell;(b) diluting the aqueous hydroxide solution to obtain a 5% to 15% by weight aqueous hydroxide solution;(c) admixing the diluted aqueous hydroxide solution with a first portion of a gas stream containing carbon dioxide to produce carbonate in a first admixture; and(d) removing water from the first admixture in a water removal unit;(e) after step (d), admixing the first admixture with a second portion of the gas stream to produce bicarbonate in a second admixture.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein 20% to 30% of water is removed from the first admixture in step (d).3. The method of claim 1 , wherein 23% to 26% of water is removed from the first admixture in step (d).4. The method of claim 1 , where the diluted aqueous hydroxide solution has a concentration of 8% to 10%.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the steps of separating a liquid phase from a solid phase of the second admixture and adding as a diluent at least a portion of the liquid phase to the aqueous hydroxide solution in step (b).6. The method of claim 1 , where the second admixture comprises a liquid phase and a solid phase and the method further comprises the steps of separating the liquid phase from the solid phase and returning at least a portion of the liquid phase to the second admixture where the first admixture is admixed.7. The method of claim 1 , where the second admixture comprises a liquid phase and a solid phase and the method further comprises the steps of separating the liquid phase from the solid phase and adding at least a portion of ...

ELECTROLYZED WATER-AMINE COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS OF USE

The invention is directed to a germicidal treatment fluid comprising electrolyzed water and an amine, and methods for producing and using same to kill microorganisms which produce hydrogen sulphide or sulphate-reducing bacteria. 1. A method of killing sulphate reducing microorganisms or microorganisms which can generate hydrogen sulphide , comprising the step of contacting the microorganism with a treatment fluid comprising a reaction product of electrolyzed water and an amine.2Desulfovibrio. The method of wherein the microorganism comprises species.3. The method of wherein microorganism is present in an environment contaminated by hydrogen sulphide.4. The method of wherein the microorganism is present in a wellbore or subterranean formation.5. The method of wherein the treatment fluid is injected into the wellbore or into the subterranean formation.6. The method of wherein the amine comprises an amino alcohol.7. The method of wherein the amino alcohol comprises monoethanolamine.8. A germicidal treatment fluid comprising a reaction product of electrolyzed water and an amine.9. The treatment fluid of produced by mixing electrolyzed water in an amount between about 20% to about 80% by volume and an amine in an amount between about 20% to about 80% by volume based on the total volume of the treatment fluid.10. The treatment fluid of produced by mixing electrolyzed water and an amino alcohol in about equal volumes.11. The treatment fluid of wherein the electrolyzed water comprises anolyte and catholyte.12. The treatment fluid of wherein the pH of the treatment fluid is above about pH 12.0.13. The treatment fluid of further comprising methanol or a dissolved salt.14. The treatment fluid of wherein the electrolyzed water comprises greater than about 4000 ppm of free available chlorine prior to mixing with the amine.15. The treatment fluid of which comprises substantially no free available chlorine.16. The treatment fluid of wherein the amine comprises an amino alcohol17. ...

TOILET ODOR ELIMINATION DEVICE

A device for minimizing escape of malodorous gases from a toilet into the surrounding environment. In particular, a device for removing toilet-related odors, comprising a manifold, air-blower in fluid communication with intake and exhaust ports, that creates a horizontal flow of recirculating air at the top of the toilet bowl. The recirculating air passes through a filter that contains activated carbon and a potassium-permanganate impregnated zeolite material. 1. An apparatus for removing odors from a toilet environment , the apparatus comprising:a manifold disposed on top of the toilet bowl, wherein the manifold is configured to create a circuit of closed air; anda filter in fluid communication with the manifold, through which odorous air passes, wherein the filter comprises activated carbon and potassium permanganate.2. The apparatus of wherein the activated carbon and the potassium permanganate are separated from one another.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the odorous air passes over the activated carbon before passing over the potassium permanganate claim 1 , before being recycled.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the potassium permanganate is supported on a zeolite.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the filter is disposed in a canister attached to the manifold claim 1 , and wherein a blower is situated in the canister and the blower is configured to suck air from the toilet bowl through the filter.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the filter is disposed in a canister located remote from the manifold and connected to the manifold via an intake tube and an outlet tube claim 1 , and wherein a blower is situated in the canister and the blower is configured to suck air from the toilet bowl through the filter.7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the manifold is integrated into a toilet seat.8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the manifold is separate from the toilet seat.9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein a gasket is situated between the ...

Capturing carbon dioxide

A system for removing CO2 from a dilute gas mixture includes a frame including a plurality of structural members; at least one packing section including one or more packing sheets, the one or more packing sheets including a plurality of macrostructures; one or more basins positioned at least partially below the at least one packing section, the one or more basins configured to hold a CO2 capture solution; at least one fan positioned to circulate a CO2 laden gas through the at least one packing section; and a liquid distribution system configured to flow the CO2 capture solution onto the at least one packing section.

METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR REMOVING A GAS FROM A FLOW OF A GAS MIXTURE

A method and installation for removing a gas from a flow of a gas mixture. A first liquid () is introduced in the flow () for evoporative cooling and saturation of the gas mixture. Small droplets of a second liquid () are provided which are capable of adsorbing and dissolving said gas and of a size small enough not to be sedimented by gravitation and big enough to be centrifugally separated. The small droplets are sprayed into the flow for adsorbing and dissolving said gas into the droplets, and the small droplets are centrifugally separated from the flow. 1. A method of removing a gas from a flow of a gas mixture , characterized by:introducing a first liquid in the flow for evaporative cooling and saturation of the gas mixture;providing small droplets of a second liquid capable of dissolving said gas and of a size small enough not to be sedimented by gravitation and big enough to be centrifugally separated;spraying the small droplets into the flow for adsorbing and dissolving said gas into the droplets; andcentrifugally separating the small droplets from the flow,wherein the gas mixture is a combustion exhaust gas.2. The method of claim 1 , comprising introducing the first liquid by spraying small droplets thereof into the flow.3. The method of claim 2 , comprising forming the small droplets of the first liquid by atomization.4. The method of claim 3 , comprising generating the atomization of the first liquid by pressurized air using a two-fluid nozzle or by high-pressure liquid spray using a single-fluid nozzle.5. The method of claim 4 , comprising forming the small droplets of the second liquid by atomization.6. The method of claim 5 , comprising generating the atomization of the second liquid by pressurized air using a two-fluid nozzle or by high-pressure liquid spray using a single-fluid nozzle.7. The method of claim 2 , comprising controlling the size of the droplets of the first and second liquids to vary between 20 and 200 μm claim 2 , typically to be about ...

Hydraulic Gas Compressors and Applications Thereof

An compressor utilizing a flow of fluid down a vertical column to entrain air, or other gas, and compress it under the head of the flow. Compressed air is then separated from the flow in an air separation chamber at the bottom of the vertical column. In one application, the compressed gas is used to cool a deep underground mine. In another application, the system is used to separate chemical compounds from gaseous mixtures, such as the exhaust gases of fossil fuelled power plants. In a further application, the system is integrated into a domestic or commercial air conditioning system. The system can also be used as part of a minimum work vapour compression refrigerator.