Method for promoting growth and development by irrigating tomatoes with marsh gas fermentation liquor

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural production, relates to a kind of through irrigation methane fermentation liquid of tomato growth and development of method for the promotion.

Background Art

After the anaerobic fermentation of methane liquid is a product of the methane gas, which is rich in a rich source of humic acid, organic matter, crop the required nitrogen, phosphorus, nutrient elements potassium, and the like, is a kind of high quality organic fertilizer. The biogas output and the quality of the crop more impact study. In recent years, the demand for tomato on the market more and more large, so in the production of tomato proceeds in order to have the output, but in order to be able to greatly increasing the production of, fertilizer, pesticide the dosage of increasing year by year, although it is the tremendous power output can be improved, however, the utilization rate of the nitrogen fertilizer in chemical fertilizer is very low, this not only causes waste of the resources, but after application and not absorbed by the plant in the fertilizer into the environment, to the environment caused by pollution of the very large, damage to the land resources, and to the health of people also constitute a serious threat, particularly in the recent years, the excessive use of fertilizers has caused many of the pollution caused by the attention of people. Therefore, in order to protect the environment, but also because in recent years, the requirement on the quality of the improvement of the people, environment-friendly production technology of the route for the future.

In recent years with the people's living standard, the processing of vegetable listed before treatment by the requirements of the higher, so there will be a large number of the listed before or quality is not good after the processing of the solid waste vegetable residue, LED to a waste of resources and environmental pollution. As in recent years of research, the vegetables subjected to anaerobic fermentation residues can be obtained after the methane, biogas, methane, this three-like product not only can the waste is re-used, to reduce environmental pollution, can also in life, plant can be very big role play. In methane, the methane liquid, for ecological agriculture has become the core of our country must be selected for sustainable development of agriculture, wherein the methane liquid is a quick-acting nutritious capacity is strong, high nutrient utilization, can be absorbed by crops using activity-resistant material, is provided with a biological fertilizer and biological pesticide double function.

Content of the invention

A purpose of this invention is to offer a kind of using methane fermentation liquid of tomato growth and development of method for the promotion.

The use of this invention offers the biogas fermentation method of the invention can promote tomato growth, specifically comprising the following steps:

(A1) waste residue to the vegetables (such as swedes ye Canti), in accordance with the water and helps moors the medicinal preparation 5-15kg: 30-50g : 100-140L (such as 10 kg: 40g : 120L) mixing the mixture, obtained by anaerobic fermentation after the methane fermentation liquid gas;

(A2) in step with water (a1) for dilution of the methane fermentation liquid, wherein the amount of water is smaller than the total volume of the liquid after diluting 60%;

(A3) steps for (a1) the methane fermentation broth or steps (a2) obtained after diluting of the tomato seedling liquid irrigation purposes, each 6-8 days (such as 7 days) irrigation once, irrigation 6-10 time (such as 8 times), each strain irrigation 0.4-0.6L (such as 0.5L).

In the above-mentioned method, the growth and development in particular can be embodied as follows in at least one of:

(1) increase the total output;

(2) weight increase trueborn raw materials;

(3) single increased blossoms the number ;

(4) vitamin C increased content of the fruit.

Furthermore, when the growth is embodied as are as follows (2) and/or (3), the, step of the method (a3) is adopted in step (a1) methane fermentation liquor obtained; when the states the growth development embodied as follows (1) time, the step of the method (a3) is adopted in step (a1) methane fermentation liquor obtained, or the step (a2) percentage content of the volume of the to 80% of the methane fermentation liquid after dilution; when the growth is embodied as the following (4) time, the step of the method (a3) is adopted in step (a2) percentage content of the volume of the to 40% of the methane fermentation liquid after dilution;

(1) increase the total output;

(2) weight increase trueborn raw materials;

(3) single increased blossoms the number ;

(4) vitamin C increased content of the fruit.

In one embodiment of the present invention in, said vegetable residue waste in particular to swedes ye Canti (in other words swedes the most outer layer of the waste bucket residue).

In the above-mentioned method, the additive for the methane fermentation states helps moors the medicinal preparation. In the present invention, the promoter is specific moors the medicinal preparationgolden treasure methane fermentation additive. Specifically, the Golden gotta methane fermentation additive can be bought from Beijing Huaxia of cogent technological Company limited.

In the method step of (a1) in, the anaerobic fermentation in particular to the temperature the 35-40 [...] anaerobic fermentation under the condition of a month.

In the above-mentioned method, the destination is the tomato seedling 70-80 maturity degree of young plants tomato seedling.

In the present invention, steps (a3) of the each time in each strain irrigation 0.4-0.6L (such as 0.5L) in particular to: the 50 × 50 cm of the planted in the soil area 2 strain tomato seedling of the destination, each irrigation 1 l.

In the method, step (a3) of the irrigation of time in the morning of the day (as early as 7 to 10 the time between the points).

In the present invention, in the methane fermentation liquid, the quality of the content of nitrogen element can be a 0.035%, the content of the phosphorus element is may be 0.032 mg/kg, the content of potassium elements can be 0.555g/kg.

Furthermore, in the methane fermentation liquid, the content of trace elements is as follows: the element is in a content of 0.004 mg/kg, the content of the lead elements to 0.029 mg/kg, Cr element is in a content of 0.001 mg/kg, the content of the sodium element 22.690 mg/kg, of content is 0.035 mg/kg, the content of the zinc element and 0.057 mg/kg, the content of the iron element to 0.395 mg/kg, the content of the manganese element 0.220 mg/kg, the content of the boron element 0.006 mg/kg, the content of the magnesium element 42.356 mg/kg.

In the present invention, the tomato in particular to tomato species is "starlite · hard especially Li ".

Another purpose of this invention is to provide a preparation of tomato growth promotion.

The promotion of this invention offers the preparation of tomato growth, in particular can be as follows (I) or (II):

(I) the above methane fermentation liquid;

(II) water for dilution to the biogas fermentation liquor obtained after dilution, wherein the amount of water is smaller than the total volume of the diluent is 60%.

Furthermore, when the growth is embodied as are as follows (2) and/or (3) at the time, for the preparation of (I) the methane fermentation liquid in; when the states the growth development embodied as follows (1) time, for the preparation of (I) the methane fermentation liquid in, or the (II) containing volume percentage content in the 80% dilution of the methane fermentation liquid; when the states the growth development embodied as follows (4) is, for the preparation of (II) containing volume percentage content is 40% of the methane fermentation liquid diluent;

(1) increase the total output;

(2) weight increase trueborn raw materials;

(3) single increased blossoms the number ;

(4) vitamin C increased content of the fruit.

In the present invention, the tomato in particular to tomato species is "starlite · hard especially Li ".

Experiment proves that, through irrigation methane fermentation broth can effectively promote the growth and development of tomato, fruit yield and quality are improved. The invention has a good application prospect.

1, ecological benefits: on the ecological benefits, biogas by reasonable use, can reduce the use of agricultural chemicals and fertilizer, so that the environment can be very good improvement, also can make the rural of improving a living environment, and can also carry out the biogas liquid to prevent the insect pest, this will not occur the problem of the superstandard pesticide residue, is beneficial to the environment-friendly, green the development of agriculture. Through the methane liquid, soil hardening can also be reduced, increasing the various content in the soil, and is favorable for sustainable development of the soil.

2, social benefits: the anaerobic fermentation treatment of vegetable waste, and comprehensive utilization of the biogas, can solve the problem of developing a number of obstacles crop industries, people and also can meet the needs of the high-quality vegetables, improvement of living standards, protection of the physical health of the people.

3, economic benefits: it for economic benefit, methane liquid, the cost of the methane and the moss is rather low, however, the three kind of product is indeed capable of bring greater economic benefits. For example, methane as a fuel can be used for cooking, and also can be fresh-keeping fruits, methane liquid can be used as organic fertilizer, seed soaking, dreg can be made into a fertilizer for sale. The methane fermentation product after a series of use, because of cost is very low, therefore, can be obtained from the product of a certain economic benefits.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 for different concentrations of methane fermentation liquid the impact of the tomato fruit set rate. Small Letters representative of the different 5% level of significance of difference under.

Figure 2 for different concentrations of methane fermentation broth on tomato the impact of the base. Small Letters representative of the different 5% level of significance of difference under.

Figure 3 is a different concentrations of methane fermentation broth on tomato the impact of the total output. Small Letters representative of the different 5% level of significance of difference under.

Figure 4 is a different concentrations of methane fermentation broth on tomato fruit C content of vitamin in. Small Letters representative of the different 5% level of significance of difference under.

Figure 5 is a different concentrations of methane fermentation liquid in the tomato fruit the impact of the soluble sugar content. Small Letters representative of the different 5% level of significance of difference under.

Mode of execution

The following embodiment of the experimental method used in the absence of special note, are conventional method.

The following embodiment the used material, reagent, and the like, if there is no special note, can be obtained from commercial sources.

Tomato species is "starlite · hard especially Li ": the name of a Company: shenyang starlite combine limited. Origin Liaoning, this species is an indeterminate growth type, red powder, bright skin, no green shoulder , chu Naiyun resistance, good taste.

Embodiment 1, the methane fermentation liquid diluent and the concentration of the preparation of preparation of

A, methane fermentation liquid preparation and each element of content determination

1, for the preparation of test methane fermentation broth

In this embodiment for test methane fermentation broth using vegetable residue waste is (swedes ye Canti , in other words swedes the waste of the outer layer of the blade) as raw materials, by adding methane fermentation aid the normal generating gas by anaerobic fermentation, the methane fermentation liquid.

Marsh gas preparation for the raw materials of the fermented solution: 10 kg swedes ye Canti , 40g helps moors the medicinal preparation (gold gotta methane fermentation additive, purchase since the Beijing Huaxia of cogent technology Ltd), 120L water.

The raw material in accordance with the above ratio in the anaerobic tank after mixing, temperature the 35-40 [...] , fermentation one month, aerogenesis to obtain methane fermentation liquid.

2, the elements measuring methane fermentation broth

In step 1 of the methane fermentation liquid of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium element, and the determination of the trace elements.

Result display, the step 1 in the methane fermentation liquid, full nitrogen the quality of the (N element) content is 0.035%, the total phosphorus (P element) content is 0.032 mg/kg, the total potassium (K element) content is 0.555g/kg, each element shown in table 1.

Table 1   swedes residue methane fermentation liquid indicators each element in the

B, preparation of a dilution of the biogas fermentation broth

In this embodiment the methane fermentation liquid has set a total of 6 processing (table 2) : (1) water (control) CK ; (2) the concentration of the methane fermentation liquid 20%, and the methane fermentation liquid in the ml 200:800 ; (3) the concentration of the methane fermentation liquid 40%, methane fermentation liquor and clean water to the ml 400:600 ; (4) the concentration of the methane fermentation liquid 60%, and the methane fermentation liquid in the ml 600:400 ; (5) the concentration of the methane fermentation liquid 80%, and the methane fermentation liquid in the ml 800:200 ; (6) the concentration of the methane fermentation liquid 100%, pure methane fermentation liquid.

Table 2   methane fermentation broth on tomato irrigation the concentration of the

Embodiment 2, methane fermentation broth on tomato growth promoting effect

A, test method

Test sites in the greenhouse in Beijing besides, the tomato variety chemicals "starlite · hard especially Li ". Tomato seedling field planting in 50 × 50 cm pot in the, two planting every basin, linewidth 50 cm, 30 cm spacing every basin, total tomato plant 180 tree.

In accordance with conventional operation of the tomato cultivation, 3 month 25 by seed soaking temperature on the tomato seed germination, 3 month 29 th tray seeding, 5 months 4 days to preliminarily small pot, 5 month 17 field planting in large pot in Japan, 8 months 3 day after harvesting, the 132d. After planting irrigation (irrigation methane fermentation liquid, a tomato seedling 70-80 maturity degree of young plants time) embodiment 1 is prepared in step two of the six concentrations of methane fermentation liquid. Irrigation methane fermentation liquid select early in the morning (morning 7 point to 10 the time between the point) to, the methane fermentation liquid into the large pot in all, to avoid error, irrigation is injected slowly, avoid methane fermentation liquid loss from a large pot outside, tomato plant to take random arrangement, experimental design 6 processing (corresponding to the six concentrations of methane fermentation broth), 3 repeated (each repetition 10 strain tomato), 18 sample, this operation is continuous irrigation 8 times, each of the large pot (2 strain tomato seedling) all irrigation 1000 ml methane fermentation broth or its diluent. Irrigation methane fermentation broth time: 6 month 4 to 7 months 23 day every Tuesday for irrigation, 8 months 4 day harvesting tamarillo and begin to statistical tamarillo result number and weight. And, the whole experiment process to different treatment in the following various physiological indicators and fruit quality indicators can be measured.

(1) the transverse diameter of the fruits, vertical diameter , flesh thickness

Through the packet, to each processing of tomato random each strain 1-3 a fruit, the vernier caliper to carry out determination.

(2) the total number of flower

Self-tomato flowers the end of the initial to the flowering, two times per week after statistical blossoms the number number of blooming.

(3) the fruit shape index

The fruit shape index = vertical diameter /fruit of the transverse diameter of the fruits, oblate to 0.95 the following, near-circular to 0.95-0.98, round to 0.99-1.1, high circular to 1.1-1.3, pear-shaped is 1.4 or more.

(4) soluble solid

Each strain random extraction 3 tomato fruit, to hand-held WYZ measures the sugar meter the content determination.

(5) vitamin C

Tomato fruit harvest, tomato extracted from each strain 1 a fruit, because each repeatedly for 10 strain tomato, so each repeated suction of a total of 10 tomato fruit, the tomato deskin, for diabetics, the following 2, 6-dichlorophen indophenol method of measuring the content of vitamin C, results averaginged.

(6) soluble peritectics

With (5) of the homogenate of the tomatoes, the tomato of the sample of the homogenate, Anthracyclinone colorimetric determination carried out.

(7) lycopene

With (5) of the homogenate of the tomatoes, the tomato of the sample of the homogenate, tomato red pigment for colorimetric determination.

(8) total acidity

With (5) of the tomato homogenate, after of the homogenate, tomato juice to filter out by gauze, using 0.1moL/L^-1 NAOH carried out in the determination of total acidity and titration method.

(9) than the gluconate

Sugar acid ratio of soluble solids and the ratio of the total acidity content.

SPSS software to carry out the test data and analysis, variance analysis method used for analysis of significant difference.

Second, experimental results

1, irrigation methane fermentation broth on tomato abloom, output and the impact of the starch

Different concentrations of methane fermentation broth on tomato abloom, the yield of starch and effects and results as shown in table 3 is shown.

Table 3   methane fermentation broth on tomato fruit blossom, the impact of the fall the output of and

Note: "increasing rate = (the yield-CK group of output)/ CK the output of the set"; with small Letters representative of the different 5% level of significance of difference under.

(1) irrigation methane fermentation broth on tomato each strain of the impact of the fruit set percentage blossoms the number and

The table 3 as can be seen, treatment G6 of the largest blossoms the number , as processing G5, G4, G2, G3, contrast G1 single minimum blossoms the number , through the 5% significance analysis of variance was informed that, processing G6 and G1 significant difference exists, it can be seen, treatment G6 blossoms the number tomato individual can be improved. By fig. 1 can know, processing G4 of the highest fruit set percentage, processing G4, G5 than the contrast G1 separately raise the fruit set percentage of 33.7%, 34%, shows that irrigation processing G4, G5 concentration of methane fermentation liquid has greater influence on tomato fruit set rate.

(2) base irrigation methane fermentation liquid the impact of the tomato

The table 3 can be known, through irrigation different concentrations of methane fermentation broth, an obvious role in the base. Through Figure 2, can see that processing G6 highest base. Through the 5% significance analysis of variance can be known, processing G6 and G1 significant difference exists between, contrast the G1 and G2, G3, G4, G5 no significant difference between. Processing G6 than the contrast G1 the heavy fruit 18.54%, as can be seen from this, is suitable for increasing the concentration of base in order to address the methane fermentation liquid G6 the best, irrigation methane fermentation broth can be seen the weight of the fruit can be improved.

(3) irrigation methane fermentation broth on tomato the impact of the total output and increasing production rate

By Figure 3 as can be seen, treatment G5 the fruit of the total output, the output ordering a: processing G5 > processing G6 > processing G4 > processing G3 > contrast > processing G1 (CK) G2. In the methane fermentation liquid in the irrigation, processing G5 yield the highest, through the 5% significance analysis of variance was informed that, processing G5, G6 and G1 significant difference exists between. Contrast G1 and G2, G3, G4 is not obvious difference between. Irrigation processing G5, G6 concentration methane fermentation yield of tomato can be remarkably improved. The table 3 can be known, in the soil in the planting of tomato irrigation different concentrations of methane fermentation yield increasing effect, increases the production of 2.7%-64%, wherein in order to deal with G5 the best effect. Processing G5 with contrasting the G1 compared, the increasing production rate 64%, this is a considerable growth ratio, processing G4, G6 are respectively compared with the yield 44%, 60%, processing G3 relative to control G1 not increase between. As can be seen from this, processing G4-G6 for methane fermentation liquid of the increase of the output, and can make the greatly improving tomato yield, processing G5 enhance yield the most obvious.

2, irrigation methane fermentation broth on tomato fruit form of the

Different concentrations of methane fermentation liquid of the tomato fruit shape effects and results as shown in table 4 is shown.

Table 4   methane fermentation broth on tomato fruit form of the

Notes: different small Letters representative same row in the 5% level of significance of difference under.

From table 4 that, irrigation different processing methane fermentation onto the tomato of the pot in the thickness of the tomato fruit, there is no significant difference vertical diameter , through the 5% significance difference analysis can see that, in the transverse diameter of the fruit, processing G4 and G1 significant difference exists between, as can be seen from this, processing G4 concentration methane fermentation broth on tomato fruit a slight impact on the transverse diameter.

3, irrigation methane fermentation broth on tomato fruit affected the quality of

Different concentrations of methane fermentation liquid of the tomato fruit quality effects and results as shown in table 5 is shown.

Table 5   irrigation methane fermentation broth on tomato fruit affected the quality of

Note: that FW fresh weight; are respectively representative of the different Letters 5% level of significance of difference under the

(1) irrigation methane fermentation broth on tomato fruit C content of vitamin

From table 5 as can be seen, the irrigation methane fermentation broth on vitamin C have significant influence on the content, processing G3 the highest content of the vitamin C, followed by processing G5, G4, G6, contrast G1, vitamin C the treatment of most low content G2. Processing G3, G4, G5, G6 compared with the content of vitamin C G1 are improved 37.6%, 23%, 19.3%, 0.7%. By Figure 4 can see that, in dealing with G3 after, processing G4, G6 of the gradual reduction in vitamin C content, indicate that processing G3 after the concentration of the methane fermentation liquid is the increase of the content of tomato vitamin C, through the 5% significance analysis of variance can be seen, contrast G1 and G3 significant difference exists, and processing G2, G4, G5, G6 no significance, as can be seen the irrigation processing G3 concentration methane fermentation liquid vitamin C the most appropriate content of tomato fruit is improved.

(2) irrigation methane fermentation liquid of the effects of soluble sugar content

By fig. 5 can be seen, the irrigation methane fermentation liquid the role of soluble sugar content of tomato is not obvious, contrast G1 and processing difference is not large. Through the 5% significance analysis of variance can be seen, treatment with no significant difference between the, so irrigation different concentrations of methane fermentation solution of soluble peritectics impact is not great.

(3) than the irrigation methane fermentation broth on the impact of the sugar acid

The table 5 can be known, irrigation different concentration than methane fermentation broth on tomato the impact of the housing slightly, through the 5% that the significance analysis of variance after, contrast G1 and G2, G3, G4, G5, G6 and no significant difference between the, comprehensive analysis can be known, irrigation different concentrations of methane fermentation broth on tomato than gluconate the impact of not too large, does not affect the quality of the taste.

(4) irrigation methane fermentation liquid content of the tomato red pigment

The table 5 can be known, irrigation different concentration methane fermentation broth on tomato fruit basically there is no prominent lycopene in high, the trend was not reduced also, note irrigation different concentration methane fermentation broth on tomato red pigment has no influence on the content.

Comprehensive all of the above results, generally speaking, irrigation methane fermentation the fluid is obvious improves the yield of tomato quality of the fruit and the part. In terms of output processing G5, G6 concentration is the best, wherein the processing G5 the best effect of the concentration of.