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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Применить Всего найдено 6312. Отображено 100.
01-03-2012 дата публикации

Switch, In Particular Circuit Breaker For Low Voltages, And Power Supply For An Electronic Tripping Unit Of A Switch

Номер: US20120050932A1
Автор: Jörg WEISS, Josef Götz, Richard Schmidt, Thomas Kiendl
Принадлежит: SIEMENS AG

A switch is disclosed, in particular a circuit breaker for low voltages. In at least one embodiment, the switch includes a conductor, an electronic tripping unit (ETU) which trips the switch when a current limit value is exceeded, the power supply of the electronic tripping unit including current transformers, with a first winding which is connected to the electronic tripping unit (ETU) forming the secondary side of the current transformer and the conductor forming the first primary side of the current transformer, the conductor supplying electrical power to the current transformer when the current varies over time. In order to ensure power is supplied to the tripping unit (ETU) even in modes of operation in which too little power is provided by the first winding, for example in the case of a direct current, small alternating currents, a pulsed direct current etc., a second winding which forms the second primary side of the current transformer is arranged on the current transformer in addition to the first winding, and a converter (DAW) taps off a voltage from at least two conductors when there is too little power, and supplies electrical power to the second winding and therefore also to the electronic tripping unit via the secondary winding.

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Номер записи: 1
12-04-2012 дата публикации

Ground-fault circuit interrupter

Номер: US20120087050A1
Автор: Georg Ritzinger
Принадлежит: Eaton GmbH

A ground-fault circuit interrupter has a test circuit for generating a test fault current. The test circuit includes a test button, a first test resistor, and a regulating circuit constructed to generate a test fault current with a predetermined and substantially constant value independent of an applied voltage of an electrical network to be protected. The test button, the first test resistor and the regulating circuit are connected in series between phases of the electrical network.

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Номер записи: 2
17-05-2012 дата публикации

Thermal Memory In A Fault Powered System

Номер: US20120123762A1
Автор: Ii Richard Allen Studer, Ryan James Moffitt, Steve M. Meehleder
Принадлежит: Schneider Electric USA Inc

A circuit breaker system for providing thermal protection to a conductor conducting current from a power source to a load. While the power source is connected to the load, a microcontroller is powered by the current passing through the conductor to thermally model the temperature of the conductor. If the microcontroller determines that the temperature of the conductor has risen to an undesirable or unsafe level, the circuit breaker disconnects the power source from the load and the current no longer passes through the conductor. With no current passing through the conductor, the microcontroller no longer receives power from the conductor. Instead, the microcontroller continues to model the temperature of the conductor as the conductor cools to an ambient temperature by receiving power from an energy storage device. Accordingly, the microcontroller continuously models the temperature of the conductor until the temperature of the conductor cools to the ambient temperature.

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Номер записи: 3
14-06-2012 дата публикации

Method, system, and apparatus for detecting an arc event using breaker status

Номер: US20120146623A1
Автор: George William Roscoe
Принадлежит: Individual

A power equipment protection system includes a first circuit monitoring device configured to monitor a first circuit, a second circuit monitoring device configured to monitor a second circuit that is electrically coupled to the first circuit, and a processor communicatively coupled to the first circuit monitoring device and the second circuit monitoring device. The processor is configured to receive a signal indicative of a fault from at least one of the first circuit monitoring device and the second circuit monitoring device, determine whether the fault occurred in the first circuit or in the second circuit, and if the fault occurred in the second circuit, determine whether the fault is an arc event.

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Номер записи: 4
11-04-2013 дата публикации

SAFETY DEVICE FOR HIGH VOLTAGE COMPONENTS

Номер: US20130088798A1
Автор: Ikeno Masayuki, Iwasaki Junka, Minami Hiromasa
Принадлежит: SUZUKI MOTOR CORPORATION

A safety device for a high-voltage component including a cover that covers at least a part of the high-voltage component, a low-voltage circuit that controls a conduction/shut-off state of an electric circuit for supplying power to the high-voltage component, and a selecting unit that selects the conduction/shut-off state of the low-voltage circuit by an operation accompanying an attachment/removal work of the cover. 1. A safety device for a high-voltage component , comprising:a cover that covers at least a part of the high-voltage component;a low-voltage circuit that controls a conduction/shut-off state of an electric circuit for supplying power to the high-voltage component; anda selecting unit that selects the conduction/shut-off state of the low-voltage circuit by an operation accompanying an attachment/removal work of the cover, whereinthe selecting unit is provided to allow a part of a main wire of the low-voltage circuit to be detachable by a connector formed of a fixed-side connector member and a movable-side connector member;a plate-shaped member having an insertion opening portion through which one of the fixed-side and movable-side connector members of the connector is inserted and another one of the connector members is not inserted is provided on the cover;the connector is configured so as to operate as a cover opening/closing regulating unit in which the one of the connector members is provided in a fixed manner and the another one of the connector members is connected, via the insertion opening portion, to a part of the one of the connector members inserted through the insertion opening portion, andthe cover is removed after the another one of the connector members is removed from the one of the connector members.2. The safety device for a high-voltage component according to claim 1 , wherein the part of the main wire of the low-voltage circuit is folded in a U-shape claim 1 , both ends thereof are connected to the another one of the connector members ...

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Номер записи: 5
20-06-2013 дата публикации

MOTOR DRIVE DEVICE

Номер: US20130155552A1
Автор: HOSOKAWA Tomoya, Kato Yasushi, Sugiura Kenji, Tsubouchi Toshiki, Yamasaki Hirokazu
Принадлежит: Panasonic Corporation

A motor drive device according to the present invention includes a motor having a rotor and a drive coil, a rotor position detector, a speed detector that converts position information into speed information, a direction detector that converts the position information into rotating direction information, and a drive unit that drives the motor. When any one of a case where a pulse of a rotor position detector signal is not inputted to the speed detector and another case where a change of rotating direction of the motor is detected by the direction detector in a state in which the rotor repeats a forward rotation and a backward rotation in a condition of the rotor is locked. 1a motor having a rotor and a drive coil;a rotor position detector that detects position information of the rotor;a speed detector that converts the position information into speed information;a direction detector that converts the position information into rotating direction information; anda drive unit that drives the motor,wherein, in a state in which a drive command is inputted to the drive unit and the motor is driven, the motor drive device determines that the motor is locked and turns off a drive output of the drive unit upon detection of any one of a case where a pulse of a rotor position detector signal is not inputted from the rotor position detector into the speed detector and another case where a change of rotating direction of the motor is detected by the direction detector during measurement of a time interval between rising edges or between falling edges of the pulse of the rotor position detector signal from the rotor position detector in a state in which the rotor repeats a forward rotation and a backward rotation in a condition that the rotor is locked.. A motor drive device comprising: The present invention relates to a method and configuration that detect a locking state of a motor and a motor drive device that performs locking protection of the motor.A conventional motor drive ...

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Номер записи: 6
04-07-2013 дата публикации

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SAFELY SWITCHING A PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM AFTER DIFFERENTIATING THE ARC TYPE

Номер: US20130170084A1
Автор: MIKLIS MARKUS, STROBL CHRISTIAN
Принадлежит: ELLENBERGER & POESNGEN GMBH

A method and a device for safely switching a direct-voltage system, in particular a photovoltaic system, in the event of an arc occurring on a direct-current side. Wherein the generated direct current and the produced direct voltage are set with regard to power guidance. In the event of a sensor-detected arc, the power guidance is adjusted and a power change of the arc is detected. In the event of a power drop of the arc, a serial or parallel arc is detected according to the adjustment direction of the power guidance. In the event of a serial arc a direct-current interruption is produced, and in the event of a parallel arc a short-circuit current is produced. 1. A method for safely switching a DC voltage system , including a photovoltaic system , in an event of an arc occurring on a DC side , in which a direct current generated and a DC voltage produced are adjusted with respect to power management , which comprises the steps of:detecting the arc using sensors;adjusting the power management upon detection of the arc;detecting a power change in the arc, a serial arc or a parallel arc being identified in an event of a power drop in the arc on a basis of an adjustment direction of the power management; andproducing a direct current interruption in a case of the serial arc and producing a short-circuit current in a case of the parallel arc.2. The method according to claim 1 , which further comprises adjusting the power management in an idling direction by an adjustment amount and the power change in the arc is detected claim 1 , the serial arc being identified in an event of a power drop in the arc claim 1 , and the power management being reset by the adjustment amount in the event of no power change or a power increase in the arc.3. The method according to claim 2 , which further comprises classifying the arc as the parallel arc in an event of no power change or the power increase in the arc.4. The method according to claim 1 , which further comprises adjusting the ...

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Номер записи: 7
04-07-2013 дата публикации

Power supply apparatus including overvoltage protection function

Номер: US20130170085A1
Автор: Dae Young Hwang, Deuk Hoon Kim, Geun Young Park, Jae Sun Won, Jeong Myeon Kim, Jong Hae Kim, Myeong Jeong Kim, Young Min Lee
Принадлежит: Samsung Electro Mechanics Co Ltd

There is provided a power supply apparatus including an overvoltage protection function, the power supply apparatus including: a power supply unit supplying a predetermined input power supply; a rectification unit generating a first power supply by rectifying the input power supply; a main circuit unit generating a second power supply from the first power supply; and an overvoltage blocking unit blocking overvoltages and overcurrents, wherein the overvoltage blocking unit includes varistors connected between at least one of a live line and a neutral line of the input power supply and a ground.

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Номер записи: 8
22-08-2013 дата публикации

Self-test of over-current fault detection

Номер: US20130214805A1
Автор: An Nguyen, James Saloio, JR.
Принадлежит: Hamilton Sundstrand Corp

A system for testing over-current fault detection includes a first switch to connect a voltage to a load, a capacitor connected between the first switch and ground, a monitor circuit that monitors a current from the first switch to the load, and a microcontroller configured to detect an over-current fault condition based upon input from the monitor circuit. The microcontroller controls the state of the first switch to connect voltage to the load and verifies over-current detection based upon current generated during charging of the capacitor.

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Номер записи: 9
22-08-2013 дата публикации

Ground fault circuit interrupter and method

Номер: US20130215537A1
Автор: Kent D. Layton, Riley D. Beck
Принадлежит: Semiconductor Components Industries LLC

A method and circuit for determining a circuit element parameter in a ground fault circuit interrupter circuit. An electrical signal provided to a first node is used to generate another electrical signal at a second node. The electrical signal at the second node is multiplexed with a modulation signal to generate a modulated signal that is then filtered and converted into a digital representation of a portion of the circuit element parameter. The electrical signal at the second node is multiplexed with the modulation signal after it has been phase shifted to produce a modulated signal that is filter and converted into a digital representation of another portion of the circuit element parameter. In another aspect, a slope based solenoid self-test method is used for self-testing in a GFCI circuit. Alternatively, a method for determining a wiring fault is provided using a digital filter.

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Номер записи: 10
29-08-2013 дата публикации

POWER SUPPLY DEVICE FOR PLASMA PROCESSING

Номер: US20130221850A1
Автор: BULLIARD Albert, CARDOU Olivier, FRAGNIERE Benoit, OEHEN Joel
Принадлежит: SOLVIX SA

A power supply device for plasma processing, wherein electric arcs may occur, comprises a power supply circuit for generating a voltage across output terminals, and a first switch connected between the power supply circuit and one of the output terminals. According to a first aspect the power supply device comprises a recovery energy circuit connected to the output terminals and to the power supply circuit. According to a second aspect the power supply device comprises an inductance circuit including an inductor and a second switch connected parallel to the inductor. According to a third aspect the power supply device comprises a controller for causing the power supply circuit and the first switch to be switched on and off. The controller is configured to determine a quenching time interval by means of a self-adaptive process. The quenching time interval defines the time interval during which, in an event of an arc, no voltage is generated across the output terminals. 1. A power supply device for plasma processing , wherein electric arcs may occur , comprisinga power supply circuit for generating a voltage across output terminals,said output terminals being for connection to a plasma processing chamber by means of conductors,an interrupting switch connected between said power supply circuit and one of said output terminals for interrupting the power supply to said plasma processing chamber in case of the occurrence of an arc, anda recovery energy circuit connected to said output terminals and to said power supply circuit, said recovery energy circuit serving for feeding at least partially the energy which is stored in said conductors when said interrupting switch is actuated to interrupt the power supply to said plasma processing chamber back to said power supply circuit;wherein said power supply circuit is configured to reuse the energy fed back at least partially for the power supplied to said plasma processing chamber, andsaid power supply circuit comprises a ...

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Номер записи: 11
29-08-2013 дата публикации

Arrester

Номер: US20130222965A1
Автор: PAN Cheng-Hung, Yuh Perng-Fei
Принадлежит: LUXUL TECHNOLOGY INCORPORATION

An arrester includes a switch and a lightning detection breaker connected to the switch. The lightning detection breaker includes a metal conducting terminal electrically connected to an earth return, a DC power supply terminal, a ground terminal and an output terminal. When the power supply is under a lightning strike, a potential difference of both the DC power supply terminal and the ground terminal of the lightning detection breaker will go up to several thousands of volts. However, a voltage of the metal conducting terminal will not go up because the metal conducting terminal is electrically connected to the earth return. The switch will automatically become open circuit by the lightning detection breaker, and therefore an electronic device connected to the arrester is protected from damage done by the lightning. 1. An arrester comprising:a switch with a control end for controlling the switch's conducting or not, wherein the switch is adapted to connect to a power supply; and a DC power supply terminal;', 'a ground terminal, wherein the DC power supply teiminal and the ground terminal are adapted to connect to the power supply;', 'a metal conducting terminal connected to a metal housing that is electrically connected to an earth return; and', 'an output terminal connected to the control end of the switch;, 'a lightning detection breaker comprisingwherein if a potential difference between the ground terminal and the metal conducting terminal is over a critical potential, the switch becomes open-circuit, otherwise the switch keeps short-circuit.2. The arrester as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the lightning detection breaker is connected to the power supply through a rectifier circuit.3. The arrester as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the lightning detection breaker is connected to the power supply through a rectifier circuit and a filter circuit.4. The arrester as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the lightning detection breaker comprises:a negative voltage driving unit, ...

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Номер записи: 12
05-09-2013 дата публикации

LIGHTNING PROTECTION APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR FLOATING ROOF TANK

Номер: US20130229744A1
Автор: Rizk Amr, Rizk Farouk A.M.
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to protection of floating roof tanks from the effects of lightning. In prior floating roof tanks, even if the floating roof is electrically connected to the tank wall shell at a number of locations by shunts and additionally with by-pass conductors above or below the liquid level, this may not prevent streamer discharges in gaps subject to induced potentials due to the penetrating electromagnetic waves and thus fires remain a real possibility. The present invention solves this problem by N providing a lightning protection apparatus including an electrode; and a plurality of conductors, each conductor having a first end electrically bonded to the electrode and a second opposite terminal end electrically bonded to an outer side wall of the floating roof tank. The conductors emanate radially from the electrode and are spaced from each other so as to provide electromagnetic shielding to the floating roof tank from electromagnetic waves caused by a lighting strike. 1. A lightning protection apparatus for a floating roof tank having an external floating roof , the lightning protection apparatus comprising:an electrode; anda plurality of conductors, each conductor having a first end electrically bonded to the electrode and a second opposite terminal end electrically bonded to an outer side wall of the floating roof tank;wherein the conductors emanate radially from the electrode and are spaced from each other so as to provide electromagnetic shielding to the floating roof tank from electromagnetic waves caused by a lighting strike, the apparatus being suspended above the external floating roof of the tank and not in contact with the external floating roof.2. The lightning protection apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the electrode is located at the centre of the floating roof tank and wherein the conductors uniformly emanate radially outwards from the electrode to the outer side wall of the floating roof tank.3. The lightning protection apparatus ...

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Номер записи: 13
19-09-2013 дата публикации

Method and system for ultra miniaturized packages for transient voltage suppressors

Номер: US20130240903A1
Автор: Avinash Srikrishnan Kashyap, David Mulford Shaddock, Emad Andarawis Andarawis
Принадлежит: General Electric Co

A method of forming a silicon carbide transient voltage suppressor (TVS) assembly and a system for a transient voltage suppressor (TVS) assembly are provided. The transient voltage suppressor (TVS) assembly includes a semiconductor die including a contact surface on a single side of the die, the die further including a substrate comprising a layer of at least one of an electrical insulator material, a semi-insulating material, and a first wide band gap semiconductor having a conductivity of a first polarity, at least a TVS device including a plurality of wide band gap semiconductor layers formed on the substrate; a first electrode coupled in electrical contact with the TVS device and extending to the contact surface, and a second electrode electrically coupled to the substrate extending to the contact surface.

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Номер записи: 14
19-09-2013 дата публикации

APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING POWER SOURCE

Номер: US20130241316A1
Автор: MORIKAWA Akihiko, SATO Toshinori, UENO Junichi, USHIYAMA Takao
Принадлежит: Omron Corporation

A safety unit is provided for this purpose, and includes a position determining unit, a speed determining unit, a logical product unit, and a stopping unit. When a rotation amount (positional data) of an encoder rotating in connection with a rotation shaft of a servo motor falls within a predetermined limiting range, the position determining unit outputs a command for stopping a motor to a logical product unit. When rotation speed of the encoder rotating in connection with the rotation shaft of the servo motor falls within a predetermined limiting range, the speed determining unit outputs the command for stopping the motor to the logical product unit. This control by the logical product unit requires a stop command from both the position and speed determining units. The logical product unit informs the stopping unit to stop the servo motor to a controller. 1. An apparatus for controlling a power source comprising:a detecting unit that detects at least two physical parameters selected from physical parameters of a power body driven by the power source and from physical parameters of the power source;a safety range setting unit that sets a safety range of a physical parameter for preventing an operator from coming into contact with the power body;a limiting range setting unit that sets a limiting range of the physical parameter, independent of the safety range;a determining unit that determines whether the physical parameter falls within the safety range or within the limiting range; anda limiting unit that limits operation of the power source only when the at least two detected physical parameters are within their respective limiting ranges.2. The apparatus for controlling a power source according to claim 1 , whereinthe detecting unit detects a position of the power source and detects at least one of speed; motion direction; acceleration; and amount of positional change of the power body, from the position of the power body, andthe limiting unit stops the power ...

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Номер записи: 15
19-09-2013 дата публикации

DRIVER FOR SWITCHING ELEMENT AND CONTROL SYSTEM FOR ROTARY MACHINE USING THE SAME

Номер: US20130242438A1
Автор: Fukuta Junichi, Maebara Tsuneo
Принадлежит: Denso Corporation

In a driver, a dissipating unit dissipates, upon a potential difference between input and output terminals of a switching element being lower than a predetermined potential, electrical charge for overcurrent detection between the input and output terminals. The dissipating unit includes a rectifier having a pair of first and second conductive terminals. The first conductive terminal is connected to the input terminal of the switching element. An overcurrent determiner determines that an overcurrent flows between the input and output terminals of the switching element upon determination that electrical charge has not been dissipated by the dissipating unit despite the change of the switching element from the off state to the on state. A failure determiner determines whether there is a failure in the dissipating unit as a function of a potential at a point on the first electrical path from the failure determiner to the second conductive terminal. 1. A driver for driving a switching element having an input terminal and an output terminal , the driver comprising: 'the dissipating unit comprising a rectifier having a pair of first and second conductive terminals, the first conductive terminal being connected to the input terminal of the switching element, the rectifier being configured to prevent a current from flowing from the first conductive terminal to the second conductive terminal;', 'a dissipating unit configured to dissipate, upon a potential difference between the input and output terminals being lower than a predetermined potential, electrical charge stored in the dissipating unit based on change of the switching element from an off state to an on state, the electrical change being for overcurrent detection between the input and output terminals and having been stored,'}an overcurrent determiner configured to determine whether the electrical charge has been dissipated by the dissipating unit, and determine that an overcurrent flows between the input and output ...

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Номер записи: 16
26-09-2013 дата публикации

Protective device for load circuit

Номер: US20130250463A1
Автор: Akinori Maruyama, Keisuke Ueta, Yoshihide Nakamura, Yoshinori Ikuta
Принадлежит: Individual

A load circuit protective device calculates increasing temperature of wire of a load circuit with a first predetermined sampling period (dt 1 ) determined by a clock signal for normal operation when a semiconductor relay (Q 1 ) is on to estimate the temperature of the wire. The temperature of the wire is therefore estimated with high accuracy. Moreover, when the semiconductor relay (Q 1 ) is off, the load circuit protective device calculates decreasing temperature of the wire of the load circuit with a second predetermined sampling period (dt 2 ) to estimate the temperature of the wire. The second predetermined sampling period (dt 2 ) is determined by a clock signal for power-saving operation and is longer than the first predetermined sampling period (dt 1 ). Accordingly, the calculation times of the temperature can be reduced, and the power consumption is therefore reduced.

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Номер записи: 17
17-10-2013 дата публикации

Metallic Mesh and Lightning Strike Protection System

Номер: US20130271891A1
Автор: Mull Kenneth E., Shimp Harry B.
Принадлежит: DEXMET CORPORATION

A lightning strike protection material has a metallic substrate and a metallic coating atop the substrate. The material may be integrated with a structural layer, the metallic coating composition being less reactive with material of the structural layer than is the composition of the metallic substrate. 1. An article of manufacture comprising:an aluminum-based or copper-based substrate;a silver-based coating on the substrate; anda non-metallic matrix in which the substrate is embedded.2. The article of wherein:the substrate is an expanded mesh.3. The article of wherein:the coating is directly atop the substrate.4. The article of further comprising:an intermediate layer between the substrate and the coating.5. The article of wherein:the intermediate layer is nickel-based.6. The article of further comprising:a carbon fiber layer.7. The article of wherein:there is no intervening fiber or film layer between the carbon fiber layer and the substrate.8. The article of being an aerospace structure selected from the group consisting of:an aircraft airframe; external structure mounted to an aircraft; aircraft propellers and rotors, rocket fuel tanks, land motor vehicle bodies, and windmill components9. A method for forming the article of claim 1 , the method comprising:perforating and expanding a metallic sheet to form the substrate;plating the silver-based coating onto the substrate;embedding the plated substrate in uncured material for said matrix; andcuring the matrix.10. A method for forming the article of claim 1 , the method comprising:positioning, in a tool, the substrate with said coating on the substrate;positioning, in the tool, at least one carbon fiber layer;introducing a matrix precursor;vacuum bagging the at least one carbon fiber layer, coated substrate, and matrix precursor; andcuring the precursor to form the matrix.11. The method of wherein one-to all of:a surfacing layer is positioned in the tool prior to the positioning of the substrate;the substrate is ...

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Номер записи: 18
28-11-2013 дата публикации

Switching device

Номер: US20130314829A1
Автор: Hiroshi Saeki, Kazuo Ishimoto, Takeshi Nakashima, Tomomichi Nakai
Принадлежит: Sanyo Electric Co Ltd

In the present invention, a main switch circuit ( 13 ) is provided between an electric power line (PL), to which voltage outputted from a solar cell ( 11 ) is applied, and a battery module ( 12 ). A protection circuit ( 19 ) turns OFF the main switch circuit ( 13 ) to protect the battery module ( 12 ) from overcharging when the voltage (VBAT) of the battery module ( 12 ) is equal to or greater than an upper limit voltage. The voltage outputted from the solar cell ( 11 ) is set so as to be greater than the upper limit voltage to allow the battery module ( 12 ) to be charged to the upper limit voltage. When a charge ON command signal has been received, a control unit ( 18 ) turns ON only a sub-switch circuit ( 14 ) to introduce current from the solar cell ( 11 ) into a parallel circuit ( 15 ) and to suppress the voltage (VPL) of the power line (PL) to less than the upper limit voltage before turning ON the main switch circuit ( 13 ).

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Номер записи: 19
05-12-2013 дата публикации

Apparatus and method for the intelligent protection of an electrical lead

Номер: US20130321960A1
Автор: WORTBERG Michael
Принадлежит: Lisa Draxlmaier GmbH

An apparatus for protecting an electrical lead in a vehicle. The apparatus includes a temperature sensor configured to record a temperature value of a conductor path coupled electrically to the electrical lead and a current limitation unit configured to limit a current flowing through the electrical lead when the temperature value of the conductor path exceeds a predetermined value. 1. An apparatus for protecting an electrical lead in a vehicle comprising:a temperature sensor configured to record a temperature value of a conductor path coupled electrically to the electrical lead; anda current limitation unit configured to limit a current flowing through the electrical lead when the recorded temperature value of the conductor path exceeds a predetermined value.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the conductor path has thermal characteristics matched to the electrical lead.3. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein dimensions of the conductor path are matched to dimensions of the electrical lead.4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the conductor path includes a section with dimensions tapered in comparison to dimensions of the electric lead.5. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature sensor includes a temperature-dependent resistor in thermal contact with the conductor path.6. The apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein:the temperature-dependent resistor is part of a voltage divider, the voltage dividing comprising a further resistor connected to ground,the temperature-dependent resistor is electrically connected to the conductor path, anda voltage value between the temperature-dependent resistor and the further resistor is conveyed to the current limitation unit.7. The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising:a switch, limiting a power supply through the electrical lead in response to a signal from the current limitation unit when the temperature value of the conductor path exceeds the predetermined value.8. ...

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Номер записи: 20
19-12-2013 дата публикации

Method and System for Detecting an Arc Fault in a Power Circuit

Номер: US20130335861A1
Автор: Andreas Falk, Joachim Laschinski, Marcel Kratochvil, Markus Hopf
Принадлежит: SMA Solar Technology AG

The method of detecting an arc fault in a power circuit includes determining a first signal related to current flowing in the power circuit is determined and analyzing the first signal to determine whether the signal indicates the presence of an electric arc in the power circuit. In case the first signal indicates the presence of an electric arc in the power circuit, means for suppressing an electric arc are activated. A second signal related to current flowing in the power circuit is then determined and analyzed. An occurrence of an arc fault in the power circuit is signaled if the second signal does not indicate the presence of an electric arc. The system for detecting an arc fault is designed to perform a corresponding method.

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Номер записи: 21
23-01-2014 дата публикации

DEVICE FOR PROTECTING ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT FROM OVERVOLTAGE AND LIGHTENING

Номер: US20140022683A1
Автор: Brasola Flavio
Принадлежит:

An electric equipment protection device includes a first conducting line and a second conducting line, connectable to a power source to receive a supply voltage of a rated value; at least one varistor, connected between the first conducting line and the second conducting line, and having a breakdown voltage; and a control stage cooperating with the varistor. The control stage includes at least one gas discharge device, an activation network of the gas discharge device and a diagnostic device. 122-. (canceled)23. An electric equipment protection device comprising:a first conducting line and a second conducting line, both connectable to a power source for receiving a supply voltage having a rated value;at least a first varistor, connected between the first conducting line and the second conducting line, and having a breakdown voltage; anda control stage cooperating with the first varistor.24. A device according to claim 23 , wherein the control stage comprises a diagnostic device claim 23 , including:a signaling circuit configured to alternatively signal a correct operating state or a malfunctioning state of the protection device;an impedance detection circuit, configured to detect an impedance of the first varistor; anda driving network, coupled to the detection circuit and configured to drive the signaling circuit as a function of the impedance of the first varistor.25. A device according to claim 24 , wherein the signaling circuit has a first state and a second state and the driving network is configured to set the signaling circuit to the first state claim 24 , when the impedance of the first varistor is lower than a threshold claim 24 , and to the second state when the impendence of the first varistor is higher than the threshold.26. A device according to claim 25 , wherein the detection circuit comprises:a photoemitter device, series-connected to the first varistor, so as to emit a radiation of an intensity related to the current flowing through the first ...

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Номер записи: 22
27-02-2014 дата публикации

Electronic protection device, method for operating an electronic protection device, and use thereof

Номер: US20140055899A1
Автор: Paul Gruber
Принадлежит: dSPACE digital signal processing and control engineering GmbH

An electronic protection device for protecting at least one electrical load, connectable to the protection device, whereby the electronic protection device has an input terminal and an output terminal, and whereby the protection device includes a fuse element, which is thermally self-resetting, and whereby the fuse element is provided and set up to conduct or limit a first current as a function of a fuse element temperature, whereby a limiting component is provided to limit the first current, and whereby the limiting component has a first transistor that is connected in series to the fuse element and a monitoring circuit that influences the first transistor. The monitoring circuit blocks the first transistor when the first current reaches or exceeds a predefined maximum current value and unblocks it when the first current reaches or falls below a predefined reset current value.

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Номер записи: 23
06-03-2014 дата публикации

PROTECTIVE DEVICE FOR LC FILTER

Номер: US20140063673A1
Автор: FUKASAKU Hiroshi, KAGAWA Fumihiro, NAGATA Yoshiki, NAJIMA Kazuki
Принадлежит: KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOYOTA JIDOSHOKKI

A protective device protects an LC filter in a vehicle. The vehicle includes a first vehicle-mounted electric device and a second vehicle-mounted electric device. The first vehicle-mounted electric device includes a first power converter. The second vehicle-mounted electric device includes a second power converter and shares a power supply with the first vehicle-mounted electric device. The LC filter is arranged between the first power converter and the power supply. The LC filter is configured such that the resonance frequency band of the LC filter can be changed. The resonance frequency band of the LC filter is changed based on a ripple amount in a current flowing in the LC filter. 1. A protective device for an LC filter , the protective device protecting an LC filter in a vehicle , whereinthe vehicle includes a first vehicle-mounted electric device and a second vehicle-mounted electric device,the first vehicle-mounted electric device includes a first power converter,the second vehicle-mounted electric device includes a second power converter and shares a power supply with the first vehicle-mounted electric device,the LC filter is arranged between the first power converter and the power supply,the LC filter is configured such that a resonance frequency band of the LC filter can be changed, andthe protective device is configured to change the resonance frequency band of the LC filter based on a ripple amount in a current flowing in the LC filter.2. The protective device for an LC filter according to claim 1 , wherein the protective device is configured to change a carrier frequency of the first power converter in the first vehicle-mounted electric device based on the ripple amount.3. The protective device for an LC filter according to claim 1 , wherein the protective device is configured to change an equivalent series resistance of a capacitor element of the LC filter based on the ripple amount.4. The protective device for an LC filter according to claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 24
13-03-2014 дата публикации

MONITORING SYSTEM FOR AND METHOD OF PREVENTING ELECTRICAL ARCS IN A SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM

Номер: US20140071563A1
Автор: SOLON DEAN
Принадлежит:

A monitoring system for and method of preventing electrical arcs in a solar energy system is disclosed. The monitoring system includes an insulation resistance (IR) monitoring device, a disconnect switch, a power supply, an indicator, and optionally a communications interface. A method of preventing electrical arcs in a solar energy system using the monitoring system may include, but is not limited to, the steps of providing and installing the monitoring system in a solar energy system; activating the solar energy system and the monitoring system; continuously monitoring the insulation resistance of a conductor; if the lower and/or upper resistance threshold of the IR monitoring device is not satisfied, then transmitting a shutdown signal to the disconnect switch, thereby turning off the power to the affected circuit, and indicating the presence of the potential fault condition. 1. An system for preventing electrical arcs in solar fields including:a. A power supply;b. A insulation resistance (IR) monitoring device electrically coupled to said power supply;c. A disconnect switch electrically coupled to said IR monitoring device; andd. A solar energy system electrically coupled to said IR monitoring device.2. The system of wherein said solar energy system includes a combiner box.3. The system of wherein said combiner box has wireless monitoring capability.4. The system of wherein said combiner box includes a plurality of conductors.5. The system of wherein said IR monitoring device transmits and measures a pulsating measuring signal.6. The system of wherein said disconnect switch is activated by said IR monitoring device.7. The system of further comprising a communications interface for indicating an event selected from tripping IR monitor claim 6 , tripping disconnect switch claim 6 , and combinations thereof.8. A non-arcing solar energy system including:a. A plurality of solar panels;b. A combiner box electrically coupled to said solar panels;c. An insulation ...

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Номер записи: 25
20-03-2014 дата публикации

DIGITALLY CONTROLLED POWER SUPPLY HAVING FAILURE DETECTION FUNCTION

Номер: US20140077775A1
Автор: GOTOU Kazuya
Принадлежит: FANUC Corporation

A digitally controlled power supply of the present invention comprises: a power unit outputting an output voltage, first and second feedback signals; a first A/D converter outputting a digital feedback signal and a first monitoring signal; a second A/D converter outputting a second monitoring signal; a driver outputting the gate signal; a digital controller for power supply control comprising a PWM circuit and a first failure detection signal output unit outputting a first failure detection signal when the first monitoring signal is not within a predetermined range; a digital controller for monitoring comprising a second failure detection signal output unit which outputs a second failure detection signal when the second monitoring signal is not within a predetermined range; and an alarm output unit outputting an alarm when at least either the first or second failure detection signal is output. 1. A digitally controlled power supply comprising:a power unit converting an input voltage based on a gate signal to output an output voltage or converting an input current based on the gate signal to output an output current, and outputting a first feedback signal and a second feedback signal;a first A/D converter outputting a digital signal for feedback and a first monitoring signal based on the first feedback signal which is primarily for regulation and is secondarily for monitoring;a second A/D converter outputting a second monitoring signal based on the second feedback signal which is primarily for the monitoring;a driver outputting the gate signal based on a PWM signal;a digital controller for power supply control comprising a PWM circuit outputting the PWM signal for controlling the power unit based on the digital signal for feedback and a first failure detection signal output unit outputting a first failure detection signal when a value of the first monitoring signal is not within a predetermined range;a digital controller for monitoring comprising a second failure ...

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Номер записи: 26
27-03-2014 дата публикации

SURGE BLOCKING INDUCTOR

Номер: US20140085757A1
Автор: Fornage Martin
Принадлежит: Enphase Energy, Inc.

A surge blocking inductor. In one embodiment, the surge blocking inductor comprises a core; a first winding wound about the core in a first direction; and a second winding wound about the core in a second direction, wherein the first winding and the second winding are magnetically independent when the core is in a non-saturated state, and wherein the first winding and the second winding are coupled magnetically when the core is in a saturated state. 1. A surge blocking inductor comprising:a core formed from at least one ferromagnetic component;a first winding wound about the core in a first direction; anda second winding wound about the core in a second direction, wherein the first winding and the second winding are magnetically independent when the core is in a non-saturated state, and wherein the first winding and the second winding are coupled magnetically when the core is in a saturated state.2. The surge blocking inductor of claim 1 , wherein the first direction and the second direction are opposite to one another.3. The surge blocking inductor of claim 1 , wherein the first winding comprises a first plurality of turns and a first plurality of layers claim 1 , and the second winding comprises a second plurality of turns and a second plurality of layers.4. The surge blocking inductor of claim 3 , wherein each of the first plurality of layers and the second plurality of layers is between 3-10 layers with a number of turns per layer less than its number of layers.5. The surge blocking inductor of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , when the core is in a saturated state claim 1 , the first winding and the second winding both block and dissipate energy.6. The surge blocking inductor of claim 1 , wherein the first winding and the second winding obtain an inductive value in a non-saturated state for electromagnetic interference (EMI) filtering.7. The surge blocking inductor of claim 1 , wherein coupling between fields of the first winding and the second winding is optimized ...

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Номер записи: 27
03-04-2014 дата публикации

GROUND LOSS MONITORING CIRCUIT AND INTEGRATED CIRCUIT COMPRISING THE SAME

Номер: US20140092500A1
Автор: Bess Patrice, Givelin Philppe, Huynh Estelle
Принадлежит: Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.

A reference voltage loss monitoring circuit having a first and second reference node. The reference nodes are connected to a voltage reference. A first connection device is connects the first reference node to the second reference node, and includes a first diode to allow a current flowing from the first reference node to the reference ground node and not conversely. The first diode includes a first main transistor. A second connection device connects the second reference node to the first reference node, and includes a second diode to allow a current flowing from the second reference node to first reference node and not conversely. The second diode includes a second main transistor. Each of the first and second connection devices further includes a secondary transistor mirrored with the main transistor of the connection devices. The secondary transistor has an output coupled to a diagnostic circuit, for delivering to the diagnostic circuit a signal indicative of a loss of voltage reference on a respective reference node. 1. A reference voltage loss monitoring circuit comprising:a first reference node and a second reference node, said reference nodes connected to a voltage reference,a first connection device arranged to connect the first reference node to the second reference node, comprising at least a first diode arranged to allow a current flowing from said first reference node to said second reference node and not conversely, said first diode comprising a first main transistor connected to operate as a diode,a second connection device arranged to connect the second reference node to the first reference node, comprising at least a second diode arranged to allow a current flowing from said second reference node to first reference node and not conversely, said second diode comprising a second main transistor transistor connected to operate as a diode,each of the first and second connection devices further comprises a secondary transistor mirrored with the main ...

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Номер записи: 28
01-01-2015 дата публикации

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR ULTRA MINIATURIZED PACKAGES FOR TRANSIENT VOLTAGE SUPPRESSORS

Номер: US20150002976A1
Автор: Andarawis Emad Andarawis, Kashyap Avinash Srikrishnan, Shaddock David Mulford
Принадлежит:

A high temperature electronic system includes an electronics unit configured for exposure to an environment having a temperature greater than approximately 150.0° C. The remote electronics unit includes a transient voltage suppressor (TVS) assembly coupled in operative relationship with at least some electronic components of the electronics unit. The TVS assembly includes at least one TVS device comprising at least one of a punch-through wide band-gap semiconductor TVS die and an avalanche breakdown wide band-gap semiconductor TVS die encapsulated in a flip-chip package at least partially surrounding the die, and coupled to first and second electrodes exposed to a single side of the encapsulation. 1. A high temperature electronic system comprising an electronics unit configured for exposure to an environment having a temperature greater than approximately 150.0° C. , said remote electronics unit comprising a transient voltage suppressor (TVS) assembly coupled in operative relationship with at least some electronic components of the electronics unit , said TVS assembly comprising at least one TVS device comprising at least one of a punch-through wide band-gap semiconductor TVS die and an avalanche breakdown wide band-gap semiconductor TVS die encapsulated in a flip-chip package at least partially surrounding said die , and coupled to first and second electrodes exposed to a single side of the encapsulation.2. A high temperature electronic system according to claim 1 , wherein said die comprises a plurality of TVS assemblies each comprising separate first electrical connections and second electrical connections electrically coupled to a common bus claim 1 , said first electrical connections and said second electrical connections all exposed to the single side of the encapsulation.3. A high temperature electronic system according to claim 1 , wherein said die comprises a plurality of TVS assemblies each comprising separate first and second electrodes exposed to the ...

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Номер записи: 29
03-01-2019 дата публикации

METHOD, SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR FAULT DETECTION IN LINE PROTECTION FOR POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM

Номер: US20190004103A1
Автор: Li Youi, Liu Kai, Wang Jianping
Принадлежит:

A method, system and apparatus of fault detection in line protection for a power transmission system. A voltage (u) at a measurement point on an electrical line is obtained. The measurement point is a point at which a protection device for the line protection is installed. A current (i) at the measurement point is further obtained and a differential value of the current is determined. Then, a voltage (u) at a setting point on the electrical line is determined from the voltage (u) at the measurement point, the current (i) at the measurement point and the differential value of the current (i) according to a time domain lumped parameter model for the electrical line. The voltage change between the determined voltage at the setting point during the fault period and a voltage at the setting point determined during a pre-fault period can be further determined. The fault detection can be performed based on the determined voltage change and a fault threshold. It can ensure voltage determination accuracy and detection reliability with a low sampling rate. Moreover, the solution can work right after the fault inception, almost no waiting time is required, and thus it may achieve a super-fast line protection. 1. A method for fault detection in line protection for a power transmission system , comprising:obtaining a voltage at a measurement point, at which a protection device for the line protection is installed, on an electrical line;obtaining a current at the measurement point;determining a differential value of the current;determining a voltage at a setting point on the electrical line from the voltage at the measurement point, the current at the measurement point and the differential value of the current according to a time domain lumped parameter model for the electrical line;determining a voltage change between the determined voltage at the setting point during fault period and a voltage at the setting point determined during a pre-fault period; andperforming the fault ...

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Номер записи: 30
13-01-2022 дата публикации

Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter

Номер: US20220014010A1
Автор: GONG Jiwen, HAO Shusen, Liu Yang, WU Chunyong
Принадлежит: Shanghai Fudan Microelectronics Group Company Limited

A ground fault circuit interrupter is provided, including a sensor module, a leakage protection module, a self-test module and a tripping module. The sensor module is configured to generate a sensor current according to a detection signal. The leakage protection module is configured to: generate a trip driving signal in a detection stage according to the sensor current; and generate a trip driving signal in a non-detection stage after the self-test module has a fault. The self-test module is configured to generate the detection signal in the detection stage, and determine that the leakage protection module does not have a fault if the leakage protection module generates the trip driving signal. The tripping module is configured to respond to the trip driving signal generated in the non-detection stage to disconnect a load from a power supply circuit, and not respond to the trip driving signal generated in the detection stage. 1. A ground fault circuit interrupter , comprising a sensor module , a leakage protection module , a self-test module and a tripping module ,wherein the sensor module is configured to generate a sensor current according to a detection signal;the leakage protection module is configured to: generate a trip driving signal according to the sensor current in a detection stage; or generate a trip driving signal if the self-test module has a fault in a non-detection stage;the self-test module is configured to generate the detection signal in the detection stage, and determine that the leakage protection module does not have a fault if the trip driving signal is generated by the leakage protection module; andthe tripping module is configured to respond to the trip driving signal generated in the non-detection stage to disconnect a load from a power supply circuit, and not respond to the trip driving signal generated in the detection stage.2. The ground fault circuit interrupter according to claim 1 , wherein the sensor module comprises a zero sequence ...

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Номер записи: 31
13-01-2022 дата публикации

POWER DISTRIBUTION ASSEMBLY HAVING A FAULT DETECTION SYSTEM

Номер: US20220014011A1
Автор: Smith Michael James
Принадлежит:

A power distribution assembly comprising a chassis having at least one wall, a deformable material layer positioned on the at least one wall of the chassis and configured to deform in response to a triggering even. The power distribution assembly further comprising a conductive sense layer positioned on the deformable material layer opposite the at least one wall of the chassis. 1. A power distribution assembly , comprising:a chassis having at least one wall;a deformable material layer positioned on the at least one wall of the chassis, the deformable material layer configured to deform in response to a triggering event; anda conductive sense layer positioned on the deformable material layer, opposite the at least one wall of the chassis, wherein the sense layer breaks conductivity in response to the deformation of the deformable material layer.2. The power distribution assembly of wherein the deformation comprises a volumetric deformation of the deformable material layer.3. The power distribution assembly of wherein the volumetric deformation is in a direction parallel with the at least one wall of the chassis.4. The power distribution assembly of wherein the volumetric deformation is in a direction away from the at least one wall of the chassis.5. The power distribution assembly of wherein the deformation of the deformable material layer occurs in response to a threshold amount of heat.6. The power distribution assembly of wherein the triggering event is an arcing event created by a printed circuit board.7. The power distribution assembly of wherein the deformable material layer comprises a first deformable material layer and a second deformable material layer claim 1 , the first deformable material layer coupled to at least a portion of the chassis wherein the sense layer is positioned between and coupled to both the first deformable material layer and the second deformable material layer.8. The power distribution assembly of wherein the sense layer is responsive ...

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Номер записи: 32
07-01-2021 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PROGRESSIVELY SWITCHED SOLID-STATE DIRECT CURRENT CIRCUIT BREAKERS

Номер: US20210006063A1
Автор: Husain Iqbal, Mackey Landon K., Peng Chang
Принадлежит:

Disclosed herein are systems and methods for progressively switched solid-state direct current circuit breakers (“DCCBs”). According to one embodiment, a progressively switched solid-state DCCB includes a fault-sensing device to sense a fault condition in the current provided to a load is disclosed. A controller is configured to receive fault-sensing information from the fault-sensing device and provide control signals for progressively switching the DCCB based on the fault-sensing information. At least two stages, each include two or more series connected power electronic switches, two or more power electronic switches configured to interrupt control current flow through the power electronic switches responsive to receiving one of the control signals, and a voltage clamping device configured to clamp a voltage across the two or more power electronic switches when current flow through the switches is interrupted. The at least two stages are configured to progressively clamp voltage based on the control signals. 1. A progressively switched solid-state direct current circuit breaker (“DCCB”) , comprising:a fault-sensing device to sense a fault condition in DC current provided to a load;a controller configured to receive fault-sensing information from the fault-sensing device and provide control signals for progressively switching the DCCB based on the fault-sensing information; two or more series connected power electronic switches;', 'two or more power electronic switches configured to interrupt control current flow through the power electronic switches responsive to receiving one of the control signals; and', 'a voltage clamping device configured to clamp a voltage across the two or more power electronic switches when current flow through the power electronic switches is interrupted;', 'wherein the at least two stages are configured to progressively clamp voltage based on the control signals;, 'at least two stages, each comprisingandat least one discharge component ...

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Номер записи: 33
07-01-2021 дата публикации

Compensation Filter and Method for Activating a Compensation Filter

Номер: US20210006235A1
Автор: KARINCA Yasin
Принадлежит:

A compensation filter and a method for activating a compensation filter are disclosed. In an embodiment a compensation filter includes a power supply line, an electrical amplifier, an output-coupling circuit between the power supply line and an input of the electrical amplifier, an input-coupling circuit between an output of the amplifier and the power supply line, and a time switch. The time switch is connected in series with the input-coupling circuit between the output of the amplifier and the power supply line. 115-. (canceled)16. A compensation filter comprising:a first port;a second port;a power supply line between the first port and the second port;an electrical amplifier having an input and an output;an output-coupling circuit connected between the power supply line and the input of the amplifier;an input-coupling circuit connected between the output of the amplifier and the power supply line; anda time switch,wherein the compensation filter is configured to attenuate an instance of a common-mode interference in the power supply line, andwherein the time switch is connected in series with the input-coupling circuit between the output of the amplifier and the power supply line.17. The compensation filter according to claim 16 , wherein the input-coupling circuit comprises a capacitive element.18. The compensation filter according to claim 17 , wherein a capacitance value of the capacitive element is large enough so that leakage currents below 1 kHz are compensated for.19. The compensation filter according to claim 16 , wherein the output-coupling circuit comprises a first inductive element and a second inductive element claim 16 , which is magnetically coupled to the first inductive element.20. The compensation filter according to claim 16 ,wherein the amplifier comprises an operational amplifier,wherein a first resistive element is coupled between input-coupling circuit and the output of the amplifier, andwherein a second resistive element is connected ...

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Номер записи: 34
07-01-2021 дата публикации

POWER SUPPLY DEVICE FOR PROTECTIVE RELAY

Номер: US20210006239A1
Автор: Lee Young-Joo
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure relates to a power supply device for a protective relay. The power supply device comprises a power circuit for supplying a power to the control circuit, wherein the power circuit includes: a semiconductor switch element having an input terminal connected to a first node for receiving a direct current, and an output terminal connected to a reference node, wherein the reference node has a voltage lower than a voltage of the first node; and a first voltage drop element disposed between the first node and a second node, wherein the second node is connected to a switching terminal of the semiconductor switch element. 1. A power supply device capable of providing a stable power to a control circuit , wherein the control circuit is configured to control a circuit breaker connected to a power system ,wherein the power supply device comprises a power circuit for supplying a power to the control circuit,wherein the power circuit includes:a semiconductor switch element having an input terminal connected to a first node for receiving a direct current, and an output terminal connected to a reference node, wherein the reference node has a voltage lower than a voltage of the first node; anda first voltage drop element disposed between the first node and a second node, wherein the second node is connected to a switching terminal of the semiconductor switch element.2. The power supply device of claim 1 , wherein the power circuit further includes a capacitor disposed between the second node and the reference node.3. The power supply device of claim 2 , wherein when a voltage higher than a first breakdown voltage is applied across the first voltage drop element claim 2 , the first voltage drop element electrically conducts to charge the capacitor.4. The power supply device of claim 2 , wherein the power circuit further includes a second voltage drop element disposed between the second node and the reference node.5. The power supply device of claim 4 , wherein ...

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Номер записи: 35
04-01-2018 дата публикации

Electric Grill With Current Protection Circuitry

Номер: US20180007738A1
Автор: Emmerich Jeffery C., Knappenberger Eric, Lerch Matthew, Zuleta Julio C.
Принадлежит: Weber-Stephen Products LLC

Provided is an apparatus and method for protecting against unsafe electric current conditions. A protections circuit may be used in a device, as an electric grill, that has one or more electric loads, such as heating elements. The protection circuit may protect against various failure scenarios, including, without limitation, instances of ground fault, over current, driver failure, and failure of a microprocessor. In response to a failure, the protection circuit may trip a latch relay or disable a triac driver to stop current from flowing. 1. A circuit , comprising:a first and second heating element connected to a voltage line through a first and second triac, respectively, and further connected to a neutral line;at least one latch connected between the heating elements and the voltage line, the latch being connected to a trip controller through a control line;a current transformer configured to measure a difference in current between the voltage line and the neutral line and connected through a control line to a ground fault detection unit;a control line connecting the ground fault detection unit and the trip controller; anda microprocessor connected to a first triac driver and a second tone driver; the first and second triac drivers being respectively connected to the first and second triacs, respectively.2. The circuit of claim 1 , further comprising at least one Hall Effect sensor connected to measure current in the voltage line claim 1 , said Hall Effect sensor being in communication with the microprocessor.3. The circuit of claim 2 , wherein the microprocessor is configured to disable at least one triac driver in response to a current reading from a Hall Effect sensor which exceeds a predetermined current threshold.4. The circuit of claim 3 , further comprising a watchdog monitor connected to the microprocessor and further connected to the first and second triacs.5. The circuit of claim 4 , further comprising a first and second thermocouple proximately located ...

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Номер записи: 36
08-01-2015 дата публикации

GATE DRIVING CIRCUIT AND ARRAY SUBSTRATE

Номер: US20150009599A1
Автор: ZHANG Zhengxin, Zheng Yi
Принадлежит: BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd.

Disclosed are a gate driving circuit and an array substrate relating to the field of display technique and capable of ensuring that, when there is a malfunction such as a short-circuit and the like among input paths of clock signals for a certain gate driving unit, other gate driving units can operate properly. The gate driving circuit includes a plurality of sets of gate driving units, each set of gate driving units includes m gate driving units, and m is an integer greater than 1; each set of gate driving units outputs a gate driving signal to a gate line; when one gate driving unit in a set of gate driving units malfunctions, said gate driving unit in malfunction is terminated in operation and other gate driving units in the set of gate driving units maintain an operation of the set of gate driving units.

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Номер записи: 37
27-01-2022 дата публикации

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR OPERATING THE SAME

Номер: US20220029414A1
Автор: Chang Chia-Jung, CHENG Hsiang-Hui, CHU Li-Wei, HSU Chia-Wei, Lee Jam-Wem, PENG Po-Lin, SU Shu-Yu, SU YU-TI, TSAI MING-FU
Принадлежит: Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd.

A device is disclosed herein. The device includes an electrostatic discharge (ESD) detector, a bias generator, and an ESD driver including at least two transistors coupled to each other in series. The ESD detector is configured to detect an input signal and generate a detection signal in response to an ESD event being detected. The bias generator is configured to generate a bias signal according to the detection signal. The at least two transistors are controlled according to the bias signal and a logic control signal, and the input signal is applied across the at least two transistors. 1. A device , comprising:an electrostatic discharge (ESD) detector configured to detect an input signal and generate a detection signal in response to an ESD event being detected;a bias generator comprising a transistor configured to receive the detection signal and a reference voltage signal, wherein the transistor is configured to transmit, in response to the detection signal, the reference voltage signal as a bias signal; andan ESD driver comprising at least two transistors coupled to each other in series, wherein the at least two transistors are controlled according to the bias signal and a logic control signal, and the input signal is applied across the at least two transistors.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein a first terminal of the at least two transistors is configured to receive the input signal claim 1 , and a second terminal of the at least two transistors is grounded or configured to receive a power supply voltage claim 1 , wherein the reference voltage signal has a ground voltage or the power supply voltage.3. The device of claim 2 , wherein a first transistor of the at least two transistors is controlled according to the logic control signal claim 2 , and a second transistor of the at least two transistors is controlled according to the bias signal claim 2 , wherein a first voltage across the first transistor and a second voltage across the second transistor are ...

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Номер записи: 38
11-01-2018 дата публикации

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING A GROUND-FAULT DIRECTION IN AN ELECTRIC THREE-PHASE NETWORK

Номер: US20180011135A1
Автор: AEBERSOLD Andreas
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a method for ascertaining an earth fault and the earth-fault direction in a three-phase network which is operated in a compensated manner or in an insulated manner. Value pairs of a zero voltage and a zero current are measured, the active or reactive energy is calculated, and a voltage flag and a current flag are combined by a Boolean link, wherein the presence of a earth fault is ascertained depending on the result, and a decision is made as to whether the earth-fault direction is signalled as “forward” or “reverse” at least on the basis of the sign of the active or reactive energy. 3. Method according to wherein claim 1 , additionally to the decision based on the algebraic sign of the active energy or of the reactive energy claim 1 , a verification of an algebraic sign of the active energy or of the reactive energy is carried out by integrating the products of the zero voltage and of the zero current over a period of the network frequency claim 1 , which includes the current measurement time claim 1 , wherein the earth fault direction is confirmed if the algebraic sign of the active energy or the reactive energy and of the power match.4. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the sum of step b) is determined in such a way that for each calculation the product attributed to the current measurement time is summed up to the sum and an oldest product of the sum is excluded.5. Method according to claim 4 , wherein the sum is calculated with an adjustable constant number of value pairs.6. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the sample rate is set before a first measurement of the zero current and the zero voltage claim 1 , particularly wherein a millisecond is chosen as sample rate.7. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the first time interval and/or the second time interval are/is set before a first measurement of the zero current and of the zero voltage claim 1 , particularly wherein both time intervals are 15 ms.8. Method according to ...

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Номер записи: 39
10-01-2019 дата публикации

METHOD FOR AC ARC FAULT DETECTION USING MULTIDIMENSIONAL ENERGY POINTS

Номер: US20190011489A1
Автор: Ball Roy, Kim Jonathan C., Lehman Bradley M., Neacsu Dorin Octavian
Принадлежит:

A method for detecting an arc fault in AC circuits. The method includes monitoring disturbances in an AC voltage signal by analyzing multi-dimensional energy points. A voltage signal is captured and the zero-crossing, minimum peak, and maximum peak are identified. Arcing signatures between the maximum and minimum peaks of the captured AC voltage signal are analyzed to detect an arc fault. 1. A method for detecting arc faults in an AC circuit , comprising:(a) measuring an AC voltage signal to obtain one cycle of the AC voltage signal;(b) obtaining a left-hand energy summation value and a right-hand energy summation value from the measured AC voltage signal, wherein the left-hand energy summation value is determined by summing left-hand energy values left of a zero-crossing and the right-hand energy summation value is determined by summing right-hand energy values right of the zero-crossing;(c) obtaining a differential left-hand energy summation value and a differential right-hand energy summation value, wherein the differential left-hand energy summation value and differential right-hand energy summation value respectively indicate changes in the left-hand energy summation value and the right-hand energy summation value;(d) obtaining a total energy summation value, wherein the total energy summation value is a sum of the left-hand energy summation value and the right-hand energy summation value;(e) determining whether both the differential left-hand energy summation value and the differential right-hand energy summation value are simultaneously inside their respective transient arc boundaries, wherein if both the differential left-hand energy summation value and the differential right-hand energy summation value are simultaneously inside their respective transient arc boundaries, then setting a potential arc flag;(f) determining whether both the left-hand energy summation value and the right-hand energy summation value are simultaneously inside a stable arc boundary, ...

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Номер записи: 40
10-01-2019 дата публикации

CIRCUIT AND METHOD FOR DETECTING ARC FAULTS

Номер: US20190011492A1
Автор: Handy Peter James, MAYES Julian Peter
Принадлежит:

An apparatus and method for detecting arc faults in a circuit having a switch (), including a leakage current management device (), an arc fault detector () arranged to monitor output voltage and to send a signal representative of the output voltage, and a controller () coupled to the arc fault detector (). The controller () is configured to monitor the output voltage signal, compare the output to a threshold, and if the output exceeds the threshold, provide an arc fault indication. 1. An apparatus for detecting arc faults in a circuit having a switch , the apparatus comprising:a leakage current management device;an arc fault detector arranged to monitor output voltage across the leakage current management device while the switch is open, and to send a signal representative of the output voltage; anda controller coupled to the arc fault detector;wherein the controller is configured to monitor the output voltage signal, apply a moving average filter to the output voltage signal to obtain a filtered output, compare the filtered output to a threshold, and if the filtered output exceeds the threshold, provide an arc fault indication.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the controller is further configured to monitor a rate of change in the output voltage signal.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the controller is further configured to monitor a rate of change in the output voltage signal after the switch is opened.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the controller is further configured to apply a moving average filter to the rate of change in the output voltage signal to obtain the filtered output claim 3 , compare the filtered output to a threshold rate of change claim 3 , and if the filtered output exceeds the threshold rate of change claim 3 , provide an arc fault indication.5. The apparatus of any preceding claim claim 3 , wherein the threshold is based on at least one of a maximum bus voltage input to the switch claim 3 , a maximum leakage current through the ...

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Номер записи: 41
12-01-2017 дата публикации

FAULT DETECTION SYSTEM

Номер: US20170012422A1
Автор: INAMOTO Takashi, MIZOGUCHI Hayato
Принадлежит: Denso Corporation

A fault detection system is provided which includes power lines connecting between a DC power supply and electric equipment, switches respectively provided to the power lines, a capacitor connected to the power lines at a position where a distance to the electric equipment is shorter than a distance between the switches and the electric equipment, a charging unit charging the capacitor before the switches are turned on, a detection section connected to the power line at a connecting point where a distance to the DC power supply is shorter than a distance between the switches and the DC power supply, and detecting a change in an electric potential of the connecting point, and a determination section determining whether a short-circuit fault has occurred in any one of the switches based on a difference in the electric potential of the connecting point between before and after the capacitor is charged. 1. A fault detection system , comprising:a pair of electric power lines that connects between a DC power supply and electric equipment;a pair of switches that is respectively provided to the pair of electric power lines;a capacitor that is connected to the pair of electric power lines at a position where a distance to the electric equipment is shorter than a distance between the switches and the electric equipment;a charging unit that charges the capacitor before the switches are turned on;a detection section that is connected to the electric power line at a connecting point where a distance to the DC power supply is shorter than a distance between the switches and the DC power supply, and detects a change in an electric potential of the connecting point; anda determination section that determines whether or not a short-circuit fault has occurred in any one of the pair of switches based on a difference in the electric potential of the connecting point between before and after the capacitor is charged by the charging unit.2. The fault detection system according to claim 1 ...

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Номер записи: 42
12-01-2017 дата публикации

COMBINED DEVICE FOR ELECTRICAL PROTECTION AGAINST TRANSIENT OVERVOLTAGES AND MONITORING OF AN ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION

Номер: US20170012425A1
Автор: MARTIN PEIDRO Jose Antonio, Pons Gonzalez Carles
Принадлежит:

The present invention refers to a combined device for electrical protection against transient overvoltages and monitoring of an electrical installation, of those used in installations with alternating single-phase or multi-phase current, or direct current, of those formed by cartridges plugged in to a fixed base or formed by a monoblock, both types of devices comprising one or more components for overvoltage protection in each plug-in cartridge or in the monoblock, characterised in that it comprises monitoring means configured so that they continuously measure and process one or several parameters related to the state of the electrical installation and the protective device itself, and connected to said monitoring means a series of indication means configured to indicate one or a combination of output parameters are comprised. 1. Combined device for electrical protection against transient overvoltages and monitoring of an electrical installation , as used in single-phase or multi-phase alternating voltage installations , or with direct voltage , which are formed by cartridges plugged to a fixed base or that are formed by a monoblock , both types of devices comprising a minimum of one protection group formed by one or more protective components against transient overvoltages in each plug-in cartridge or in the monoblock , the protective component being such as varistor(s) , gas arresters , gas discharge tube(s) , spark gap(s) , suppressor diode(s) , triac(s) , thyristor(s) , and/or MOSFET(s) or other technically equivalent components , characterized in that it comprises means of monitoring configured in order to permanently measure and process one or several parameters in relation to the condition of the electrical installation and the protective device itself , and also connected to said means of monitoring are means of indication set up in such a way as to indicate one or a combination of the following output parameters:{'sub': PE', 'PEMIN', 'PEmax, 'If the earth ...

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Номер записи: 43
11-01-2018 дата публикации

LEAKAGE CURRENT INTERRUPTION DEVICE FOR ELECTRICAL LOAD

Номер: US20180013281A1
Автор: KIM Jung Ryul, Lee Sangheon, PARK Jae Heung, PARK Kwang Youn
Принадлежит:

A leakage current interruption device comprises: the leakage current interruption device in which it is coupled electrically between the power switch and the load: the first and second input stages coupled with a side of the power source; the first and second output stages coupled with a side of the load; the first and second switching members for turning on and off respectively the electrical connection between the first and second input stages and the first and second output stages; a switching driving member in which it is coupled between the first and second input stages and generates and outputs a switching driving signal to turn on or off the first and second switching members according to the on or off signals of the power switch. 1. A leakage current interruption device in which it is installed at the power line for supplying the electrical energy to the electrical load and it is cut off the leakage current flowing to the load comprising:the leakage current interruption device in which it is coupled electrically between the power switch and the load:first and second input stages coupled with a side of the power source;first and second output stages coupled with a side of the load;first and second switching members for turning on and off respectively the electrical connection between the first and second input stages and the first and second output stages;a switching driving member in which it is coupled between the first and second input stages and generates and outputs a switching driving signal to turn on or off the first and second switching members according to the on or off signals of the power switch.2. The leakage current interruption device according to claim 1 , wherein the first and second switching members are relay switches.3. The leakage current interruption device according to claim 1 , wherein the first switching member comprises the first triac and the second switching member comprises the second triac.4. The leakage current interruption ...

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Номер записи: 44
10-01-2019 дата публикации

CONTROL DEVICE FOR AN ELECTROMAGNETIC DRIVE OF A SWITCHGEAR

Номер: US20190013169A1
Автор: Meid Wolfgang, Schaar Ingo
Принадлежит:

A control device for an electromagnetic drive of a switchgear includes a plurality of power supply units, each of which is configured to provide, in a specified input voltage range in each case, electrical power that is sufficient for operating the electromagnetic drive: The control device is configured to automatically control the use of the power supply units for operating the electromagnetic drive on the basis of an input voltage of the control device. 1. A control device for an electromagnetic drive of a switchgear , the control device comprising:a plurality of power supply units, each of which is configured to provide, in a specified input voltage range in each case, electrical power that is sufficient for operating the electromagnetic drive,wherein the control device is configured to automatically control the use of the power supply units for operating the electromagnetic, drive, on the basis of an input voltage of the control device.2. The control device according to claim 1 , whereinthe control device comprises a control unit that is configured to control the use of the power supply units for operating the electromagnetic drive on the basis of a measuring voltage bled off from the input voltage of the control device, and/orat least one of the power supply units is configured to be automatically self-activating or self-deactivating on the basis of the input voltage of the control device.3. The control device according to claim 2 , whereinthe control unit is configured to in each case generate a turn-on and a turn-off signal for each of the power supply units such that one or more of the power supply units are activated or deactivated by the corresponding turn-on and turn-off signals, on the basis of the measuring voltage in order to operate the electromagnetic drive.4. The control device according to claim 2 , comprising:a first power supply unit of the power supply units is configured to provide, in a first specified input voltage range, electrical power ...

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Номер записи: 45
10-01-2019 дата публикации

METHOD OF FREE WAVE ENERGY PROTECTION FOR HALF-WAVELENGTH LINE BASED ON ONE SIDED CURRENT

Номер: US20190013667A1
Автор: DU Dingxiang, Guo Yarong, Li Xiao, Liang Xuming, LIU Huanzhang, Wang Delin, Wang Xingguo, ZHOU Zexin
Принадлежит:

A method of free wave energy protection for a half-wavelength line based on a one-sided current includes: performing sampling and calculation on a current at protection measuring points to obtain variations in current sampling values; and activating a protective element to determine an occurrence time of a fault in a half-wavelength line. A free wave energy protection section includes a quick-action section, a basic section and a sensitive section, wherein the quick-action section, the basic section and the sensitive section serve as action criteria for performing protection with respect to the free wave energy of the half-wavelength line. 1. A single-side current-based free wave energy protection method for a half wavelength line , wherein a protection measuring point and a starting element are arranged on the half wavelength line , three protection sections are set for free wave energy , and the protection sections comprise a quick action section , a basic section and a sensitive section , the method comprising the following steps:Step 1: sampling and calculating, by the protection measuring point, currents to obtain variations of current sampling values;Step 2: causing the starting element to act to determine occurrence time of a fault of the half wavelength line;Step 3: calculating the variations of the current sampling values within the quick action section to obtain the free wave energy, determining whether the quick action section acts, if YES, causing the quick action section to act for protection, and if NO, proceeding to Step 4;Step 4: calculating the current sampling values within the basic section to obtain the free wave energy, determining whether the basic section acts, if YES, causing the basic section to act for protection, and if NO, proceeding to Step 5; andStep 5: determining whether the sensitive section acts according to a position of the fault and a permission command, if YES, causing the sensitive section to act for protection, and if NO, ...

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Номер записи: 46
14-01-2021 дата публикации

ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE PROTECTION CIRCUIT AND OPERATION METHOD

Номер: US20210013714A1
Автор: Huang Chung-Yu, LIN Po-Ching, Tsaur Tay-Her
Принадлежит:

An electrostatic discharge protection circuit includes a voltage drop circuit, a detector circuit, and a clamping circuit. The voltage drop circuit is configured to generate a second voltage according to a first voltage. The second voltage is smaller than the first voltage. The detector circuit is coupled to the voltage drop circuit. The detector circuit is configured to generate a control signal according to the second voltage and an input voltage. The clamping circuit is coupled to the voltage drop circuit and the detector circuit. The clamping circuit is configured to provide an electrostatic discharge path according to a voltage level of the control signal. 1. An electrostatic discharge protection circuit , comprising:a voltage drop circuit configured to generate a second voltage according to a first voltage, wherein the second voltage is smaller than the first voltage;a detector circuit coupled to the voltage drop circuit, wherein the detector circuit is configured to generate a control signal according to the second voltage and an input voltage; anda clamping circuit coupled to the voltage drop circuit and the detector circuit, wherein the clamping circuit is configured to provide an electrostatic discharge path according to a voltage level of the control signal.2. The electrostatic discharge protection circuit of claim 1 , wherein the voltage drop circuit comprises:a transistor comprising a first terminal, a second terminal, and a base terminal, wherein the first terminal of the transistor is coupled to the detector circuit and the clamping circuit, the second terminal of the transistor is configured to receive the first voltage, and the base terminal of the transistor is coupled to ground.3. The electrostatic discharge protection circuit of claim 2 , wherein the voltage drop circuit further comprises:a resistor coupled between the second terminal of the transistor and a control terminal of the transistor.4. The electrostatic discharge protection circuit of ...

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Номер записи: 47
09-01-2020 дата публикации

ARC DETECTION CIRCUIT, SWITCH SYSTEM, POWER CONDITIONER SYSTEM AND ARC DETECTION METHOD

Номер: US20200014188A1
Автор: Koga Tatsuo
Принадлежит:

An arc detection circuit that detects an arc that occurs in a transmission path that transmits power from a power supply apparatus to a power conditioner, the arc detection circuit includes: a current detector that detects a current flowing through the transmission path; a storage unit configured to store a base characteristic which is a frequency characteristic of the current flowing through the transmission path when the arc is not present; and an arc determination unit configured to determine whether the arc has occurred based on a result of a comparison between the base characteristic and a detection characteristic which is a frequency characteristic of the current detected by the current detector. 1. An arc detection circuit that detects an arc that occurs in a transmission path that transmits power from a power supply apparatus to a power conditioner , the arc detection circuit comprising:a current detector that detects a current flowing through the transmission path;a storage unit configured to store a base characteristic which is a frequency characteristic of the current flowing through the transmission path when the arc is not present; andan arc determination unit configured to determine whether the arc has occurred based on a result of a comparison between the base characteristic and a detection characteristic which is a frequency characteristic of the current detected by the current detector.2. The arc detection circuit according to claim 1 , whereinthe storage unit is configured to store a plurality of base characteristics, each corresponding to a different one of operating conditions of the power conditioner, the plurality of base characteristics each being the base characteristic, andthe arc determination unit is configured to determine whether the arc has occurred based on a result of a comparison between the detection characteristic and one base characteristic that is selected from among the plurality of base characteristics based on one of the ...

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Номер записи: 48
09-01-2020 дата публикации

ARC DETECTION CIRCUIT, SWITCH SYSTEM, POWER CONDITIONER SYSTEM AND ARC DETECTION METHOD

Номер: US20200014189A1
Автор: Koga Tatsuo
Принадлежит:

An arc detection circuit includes: a current detector that detects a current supplied from a power supply apparatus via a transmission path; a voltage detector that detects a voltage applied to the transmission path; and an arc determination unit configured to determine whether an arc has occurred in the transmission path based on the voltage, when one or more particular frequency components of the current exceed a first threshold. 1. An arc detection circuit , comprising:a current detector that detects a current supplied from a power supply apparatus via a transmission path;a voltage detector that detects a voltage applied to the transmission path; andan arc determination unit configured to determine whether an arc has occurred in the transmission path based on the voltage, when one or more particular frequency components of the current exceed a first threshold.2. The arc detection circuit according to claim 1 , whereinthe arc determination unit is configured to determine that the arc has occurred when a decreased voltage is greater than a second threshold, the decreased voltage being a difference between a voltage immediately before the one or more particular frequency components of the current exceed the first threshold and a voltage immediately after the one or more particular frequency components of the current exceed the first threshold.3. The arc detection circuit according to claim 1 , whereina direct-current power output from the power supply apparatus is supplied via the transmission path to a power conditioner that converts the direct-current power into an alternating-current power,the arc detection circuit includes a storage unit configured to store characteristic data indicating relationships between input currents and input voltages from the power supply apparatus to the transmission path, andwhen the one or more particular frequency components exceed the first threshold, the arc determination unit is configured to determine that the arc has occurred ...

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Номер записи: 49
09-01-2020 дата публикации

Circuit and Method for Denying Power to a Solenoid in a Wiring Device

Номер: US20200014201A1
Автор: Haines Joshua P., McMahon Michael F.
Принадлежит: PASS & SEYMOUR, INC.

An electrical wiring device having a solid-state switch element positioned between the fault detection switch element and the solenoid coil to prevent the solenoid coil from being energized when the circuit interrupter is in the tripped state. The solid-state switch element may have a gate that receives a gate signal that turns the solid-state switch element on when the circuit interrupter is in the reset state and does not receive the gate signal so that the second switch element is turned off when the circuit interrupter is in the tripped state. The gate may be connected to the line terminals and to ground by a mechanical switch responsive to the circuit interrupter state or by another solid-state switch driven by a processor that is programmed to detect whether the circuit interrupter is in the reset state or the tripped state. 1. An electrical wiring device , comprising:a fault protection circuit configured to provide a fault detection signal in response to detecting at least one type of predetermined fault condition;a circuit interrupter configured to couple a plurality of line terminals and a plurality of load terminals in a reset state, and to decouple the plurality of line terminals and the plurality of load terminals in a tripped state;a first solid-state switch electrically coupled to receive the fault detection signal at a first gate, the first solid-state switch turning ON in response to receiving the fault detection signal at the first gate;a solenoid electrically coupled to the first solid-state switch, such that the solenoid energizes when the first solid-state switch turns ON, the solenoid, when energized, generating a magnetic field that moves the circuit interrupter into the tripped state;a second solid-state switch serially connected with the first solid-state switch and the solenoid, wherein the second solid-state switch is turned OFF when the circuit interrupter is in the tripped state, such that the solenoid is prevented from being energized.2. ...

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Номер записи: 50
03-02-2022 дата публикации

LOW-VOLTAGE POWER SWITCH AND ARC FAULT DETECTION UNIT WITH COMPENSATION DUE TO PHASE SHIFTING

Номер: US20220034942A1
Автор: Meyer Joerg, SCHEGNER Peter, WENZLAFF Karsten
Принадлежит: SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

A Rogowski coil is used for determining the magnitude of the electrical current of a conductor of a low-voltage AC circuit, which outputs an analogue voltage which is equivalent to the magnitude of the electrical current of the conductor. The Rogowski coil is connected to an analogue integrator, which is followed by an analogue-digital converter, which converts the integrated analogue voltage into a digital signal which is further processed by a microprocessor in such a way that the phase shift generated by the Rogowski coil and the components connected downstream of the Rogowski coil is compensated such that there are in-phase current values for the detection of error situations in order to protect the low-voltage AC circuit, in particular for a low-voltage power switch or an arc fault detection unit. 1. A low-voltage power switch for a low-voltage AC circuit , comprising:a Rogowski coil, for ascertaining an electrical current level of a conductor of the low-voltage AC circuit, to output an analog voltage equivalent to the electrical current level of the conductor;an interrupter unit including contacts for interrupting the low-voltage AC circuit; andan electronic trip unit including a microprocessor connected to the Rogowski coil and the interrupter unit, configured to initiate an interruption of the low-voltage AC circuit upon at least one of current limit values and current-time-voltage limit values of the phase conductor being exceeded,the Rogowski coil being connected to an analog integrator followed by an analog-digital converter, to convert the integrated analog voltage into a digital signal, andwhereinthe microprocessor is configured to process the digital signal to compensate for phase shift generated by the Rogowski coil and by components that follow the Rogowski coil, so that correct-phase current values are present for recognition of fault situations to protect the low-voltage AC circuit.2. The low-voltage power switch of claim 1 , whereinthe recognition ...

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Номер записи: 51
19-01-2017 дата публикации

MONITORING SYSTEM FOR DETECTING OCCURRENCE OF LEAKAGE CURRENT AND/OR RELAY SHORT-CIRCUIT CONDITION IN AN ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

Номер: US20170016959A1
Автор: INAMOTO Takashi, MIZOGUCHI Hayato
Принадлежит: Denso Corporation

A monitoring system is applied to an electrical system, which includes a DC power source and an electrical apparatus that is connected to the DC power source by a pair of electric power leads incorporating respective switches. To detect leakage current from the DC power source, a low-frequency AC signal is applied via a large-capacitance capacitor to a specific connection position, between a first terminal of the DC power source and the corresponding switch, and the resultant voltage of that signal is measured. To detect a short-circuit failure of one or both of the switches, a high-frequency AC signal is applied via a low-capacitance capacitor to the specific connection position, and the resultant signal voltage is measured. Judgement as to occurrence of leakage current and/or short-circuit failure is based on the measured signal voltage values. 1. A monitoring system for application to an electrical system ,the electrical system comprisinga DC power source, first and second electric power leads which connect respective first and second terminals of the DC power source to an electrical apparatus and first and second switches respectively incorporated in the first and second electric power leads;the monitoring system comprisinga signal generating section which is controlled to generate an AC signal and is electrically coupled to a specific circuit section of the electrical system, the specific circuit section comprising the DC power source and portions of the first and second electric power leads disposed between the first and second switches and first and second terminals respectively of the DC power source,a voltage measurement section electrically coupled to the specific circuit section, for measuring a voltage of the AC signal, anda judgement section configured for judging, based on measurement results obtained by the voltage measurement section, whether a leakage current is flowing from the DC power source and whether at least one of the first and second ...

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Номер записи: 52
03-02-2022 дата публикации

METHODS, APPARATUS, AND SYSTEMS TO FACILITATE A FAULT TRIGGERED DIODE EMULATION MODE OF A TRANSISTOR

Номер: US20220037873A1
Автор: Chellappan Salil, Dusmez Serkan, Schemm Nathan Richard
Принадлежит:

Methods, systems, and apparatus to facilitate a fault triggered diode emulation mode of a transistor. An example apparatus includes a driver to output a control signal to a gate terminal of a transistor of a power converter; and a diode emulation control circuit to, in response to determining a fault corresponding to the transistor, enable the transistor when current flows in a direction from a source terminal of the transistor to a drain terminal of the transistor. 1. A circuit comprising:a comparator having a first comparator input, a second comparator input, a power input, and a comparator output;a switch having a first switch terminal, a second switch terminal, and a control terminal, the first switch terminal coupled to the power input and the second switch terminal coupled to a voltage supply terminal; anda state machine coupled to the control terminal.2. The circuit of claim 1 , further comprising a differential amplifier having a first amplifier input claim 1 , a second amplifier input claim 1 , and an amplifier output claim 1 , the amplifier output coupled to the first comparator input.3. The circuit of claim 2 , wherein the first amplifier input is coupled to a first current terminal of a transistor and the second amplifier input is coupled to a second current terminal of the transistor.4. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the first comparator input is coupled to a current sensor for a transistor.5. The circuit of claim 1 , further comprising a driver coupled to the state machine.6. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the state machine is configured to in response to detecting a fault claim 1 , send an enable signal to the control terminal.7. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the state machine is configured to instruct the switch to close in response to detecting a fault.8. A circuit comprising:a transistor having a first current terminal, a second current terminal, and a control terminal;a diode emulation circuit coupled to the control terminal;a driver ...

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Номер записи: 53
03-02-2022 дата публикации

External Power Supply System for Spindle

Номер: US20220037874A1
Автор: Li Yu-Hung, LIU Chien-Hung
Принадлежит:

An external power supply system for spindles is revealed. The external power supply system includes a tool holder, a rectifier circuit, an overvoltage protection circuit. and a buck/boost converter. The tool holder receives an external power source of a spindle while the rectifier circuit converts the external power source into a rectified output signal with a power factor through step-down transformation. The overvoltage protection circuit is used to check whether the rectified output signal is larger than an overvoltage signal for outputting an operating potential or a non-operating potential. The buck/boost converter is used for receiving the rectified output signal with the power factor and converting the rectified output signal to an output voltage according to the power factor. Then the output voltage is provided to a load of a low voltage power supply, a high voltage power supply, or a constant voltage power supply. 1. An external power supply system for a spindle which is connected to a control system providing power to a drive system able to generate an electric field having a power factor and transfer the electric field to a positive electrode and a negative electrode comprising:a tool holder which includes a pull stud, an exterior conical surface, an end ring, a contact positive electrode, and a contact negative electrode; the contact positive electrode and the contact negative electrode are mounted to the exterior conical surface and used for transferring an external power source having the power factor while being aligned with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the spindle and further receiving the external power source with the power factor;a rectifier circuit which is used for converting the external power source with the power factor into a rectified output signal with the power factor through step-down transformation; the rectifier circuit allows a transmission level to pass according to a contact potential input by the external ...

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Номер записи: 54
03-02-2022 дата публикации

MOTOR VEHICLE CONTROL UNIT WITH REDUNDANT POWER SUPPLY, AND CORRESPONDING MOTOR VEHICLE

Номер: US20220037882A1
Автор: Scheier Ingo, Schnell Josef, Voss Christian
Принадлежит:

A control unit for a motor vehicle, having a supply connection for receiving a supply voltage from a supply line needing to be secured against a reaction from the control unit, wherein to protect against the reaction there is provision in a current path of the supply connection for a unidirectional first blocking element, and a diagnostic circuit is configured to check the blocking effect thereof by a predetermined diagnostic routine. An additional, second unidirectional blocking element is connected in series with the blocking element in the current path of the supply connection, wherein the first and the second blocking element each provide for a unidirectional flow of current to the device circuit, and the diagnostic circuit is configured to use the diagnostic routine to also check the blocking effect of the second blocking element. 1. A control unit for a motor vehicle , having at least one supply connection for receiving a supply voltage from a respective supply line needing to be secured against a predetermined electrical reaction from the control unit , wherein the at least one supply connection is connected via a respective current path to a circuit input of an electrical device circuit of the control unit , and to protect against the reaction there is provision in the respective current path of the at least one supply connection for a respective unidirectional first blocking element that provides for a unidirectionally directed flow of current to the device circuit and a blocking effect for a flow of current to the respective supply connection , wherein a diagnostic circuit is configured to check the blocking effect by a predetermined diagnostic routine , wherein an additional unidirectional blocking element is respectively connected in series with the blocking element in the respective current path of the at least one supply connection , wherein the additional second blocking element likewise provides for the unidirectional flow of current to the device ...

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Номер записи: 55
18-01-2018 дата публикации

DC CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH COUNTER CURRENT GENERATION

Номер: US20180019583A1
Автор: Dupraz Jean-Pierre
Принадлежит:

A circuit-breaker device, comprising a main branch and an auxiliary branch electrically in parallel with the main branch, wherein the main branch comprises at least one mechanical switch-disconnector in series with a breaker cell constituted of at least one semiconductor switch, and a snubber circuit in parallel with the at least one breaker cell, the snubber circuit including an energy storage element, wherein the mechanical switch-disconnector is switchable to selectively allow current to flow in the main branch in a first mode of operation or commutate current from the main branch to the auxiliary branch in a second mode of operation, characterized in that the snubber circuit further comprises a bleeder resistor arranged to create a counter current in the main branch when current is commutated from the main branch to the auxiliary branch by discharging the energy storage element. 1. A circuit-breaker device , comprisinga main branch and an auxiliary branch electrically in parallel with the main branch, wherein the main branch comprises at least one mechanical switch-disconnector in series with a breaker cell constituted of at least one semiconductor switch; anda snubber circuit in parallel with the at least one breaker cell, the snubber circuit including an energy storage element, wherein the mechanical switch-disconnector is switchable to selectively allow current to flow in the main branch in a first mode of operation or commutate current from the main branch to the auxiliary branch in a second mode of operation,wherein the snubber circuit further comprises a bleeder resistor arranged to create a counter current in the main branch when current is commutated from the main branch to the auxiliary branch by discharging the energy storage element.2. The circuit-breaker device of claim 1 , wherein the snubber circuit comprises a diode connected in series with the energy storage element claim 1 , the bleeder resistor being arranged in parallel with the diode.3. The ...

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Номер записи: 56
18-01-2018 дата публикации

LEAKAGE CURRENT DETECTION AND PROTECTION DEVICE

Номер: US20180019584A1
Автор: LI Chengli, YUE Guolan
Принадлежит:

A leakage current detection device includes a switching module coupled between power input and output terminals, for controlling the electrical connection between the input and output terminals; a leakage current detection module, including a switch driving component, configured to control the switching module based on working periods of the switch driving component and based on whether a leakage current signal is detected; and a first self testing module, coupled to the leakage current detection module, for periodically generating a self testing pulse signal as a simulated leakage current signal. The first self testing module includes: a periodic timing circuit and a self testing pulse signal generating circuit coupled to each other, where the periodic timing circuit controls the period of the self testing pulse signal. The device provides enhanced safety protection. 1. A leakage current detection device for an AC power source , comprising:a switching module coupled between a power input terminal and a power output terminal, for controlling electrical connection between the power input and power output terminals;a leakage current detection module including a leakage current detector ring for detecting a leakage current signal and a switch driving component, the leakage current detection module being configured to control the switching module based on working periods of the switch driving component and based on whether a leakage current signal is detected; anda first self testing module, coupled to the leakage current detection module, configured to periodically generate a self testing pulse signal as a simulated leakage current signal to be detected by the detector ring, wherein the first self testing module includes a periodic timing circuit and a self testing pulse signal generating circuit coupled to each other, wherein the periodic timing circuit controls a period of the self testing pulse signal,wherein the first self testing module operates in positive half ...

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Номер записи: 57
17-04-2014 дата публикации

ELECTRIC NETWORK PROTECTION

Номер: US20140104735A1
Автор: Koivula Petri, VANHALA Kari
Принадлежит: ABB TECHNOLOGY AG

A protection relay is provided for protection of an electric network. The protection relay measures an electric signal in the network, converts the measured signal to a frequency domain representation of the measured signal, and generates a measuring phasor based on the frequency domain representation, where the phase rotation of the measuring phasor is dependent on one or more frequency components present in the measured electric signal. The protection relay compares the measuring phasor to the reference phasor, where the phase rotation of the reference phasor is based on either a nominal or a measured frequency of the electric network, and launches protection if the comparison of the of the measuring phasor and the reference phasor fulfils a predetermined criterion. 1. A protection relay for protection of an electric network , comprising:means for measuring an electric signal in the network;means for converting the measured signal to a frequency domain representation of the measured signal;means for rotating a measuring phasor based on the frequency domain representation, the phase rotation of the measuring phasor being dependent on at least one frequency component present in the measured electric signal;means for generating a rotating reference phasor, the reference phasor being rotated at one of a nominal frequency and a measured frequency of the electric network;means for comparing the phase rotation of the rotating measuring phasor to the phase rotation of the generated rotating reference phasor; andmeans for launching protection if the comparison of the measuring phasor and the reference phasor fulfils a predetermined criterion.2. A protection relay according to claim 1 , wherein the predetermined criterion is a magnitude of a deviation between the measuring phasor and the reference phasor.3. A protection relay according to claim 2 , comprising:means for starting the protection functionality when the predetermined criterion for launching the protection is ...

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Номер записи: 58
22-01-2015 дата публикации

HYBRID DC CIRCUIT BREAKING DEVICE

Номер: US20150022928A1
Автор: Mohaddes Khorassani Mojtaba
Принадлежит:

A dc breaker is connected in a main current path between a first dc circuit and a second dc circuit. The dc breaker has a primary current path connected to the main current path. A mechanical interrupter switch and an electronic breaker switch are connected in series in the primary current path. A secondary current path is provided in parallel with the primary current path. A capacitor is arranged in the secondary current path so as to be connected in parallel with the series-connected switches of the primary current path. 115-. (canceled)16. A circuit breaker device for breaking a current containing a dc component in a main current path connected between a first dc circuit and a second dc circuit , the device comprising:a primary current path connected to the main current path;a mechanical interrupter switch connected in said primary current path and having contacts movable relative to one another between a closed position arranged to conduct current flowing therethrough and an open position arranged to interrupt a current flowing therethrough;an electronic breaker switch connected in series with said mechanical interrupter switch in said primary current path and being operable to open from a closed state conducting current therethrough to an open state interrupting the current flowing therethrough upon receipt of an electronic opening signal;a secondary current path connected in parallel with said primary current path; anda capacitor connected in said secondary current path in parallel with said series-connected mechanical interrupter switch and said electronic breaker switch.17. The device according to claim 16 , wherein a rated voltage of said electronic breaker switch is lower than a rated voltage of said first and second dc circuits.18. The device according to claim 16 , further comprising a controller connected to said switches and configured to order said electronic breaker switch to open or close and to displace said mechanical switch into the open position ...

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Номер записи: 59
17-01-2019 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROTECTING INTER-BATTERY CIRCUIT BY USING FREE WHEELING PATH

Номер: US20190020337A1
Автор: Choi Yanglim, Lee Wontae, Song Hyeon Jin
Принадлежит: LG CHEM, LTD.

The present invention relates to a system and a method for protecting a circuit between batteries, in which counter-electromotive force generated from the lead-storage battery is prevented from being applied to a MOSFET switch when power is cut off through the MOSFET switch in a circuit in which a vehicle lead-storage battery and a lithium polymer battery are connected to each other to prevent the MOSFET switch from overcurrent and prevent current, which leaks from the lead-storage battery when the lead-storage battery is charged, from being conducted to a path other than a determined path in advance. 1. A system for protecting a circuit between batteries , the system comprising:a switching unit controlling continuity between first and second batteries on a circuit formed to include the first and second batteries; anda free wheeling unit cutting off leakage current of the first battery or freely wheeling counter electromotive force of the first battery toward the first battery to protect the switching unit from the counter electromotive force.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the free wheeling unit includesa silicon controlled rectifier (SCR), anda voltage detector detecting a voltage value of the first battery and outputting an operation signal for changing an operation state of the silicon controlled rectifier to an on state according to the detected voltage value.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the voltage detector determines connection directionality of the first battery through the detected voltage value and when a connection direction of the first battery is determined as not a forward direction but a reverse direction claim 2 , the voltage detector does not output the operation signal.4. The system of claim 2 , wherein when the first battery is charged through an external charging source claim 2 , the leakage current which leaks from the first battery to the free wheeling unit is cut off by the silicon controlled rectifier.5. The system of claim 2 , ...

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Номер записи: 60
16-01-2020 дата публикации

LOW-VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER AND METHOD

Номер: US20200021099A1
Автор: BORGWARDT Andre
Принадлежит: SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

At least one example embodiment provides a low-voltage circuit breaker for interrupting a low-voltage circuit. The low-voltage circuit breaker includes at least one first current sensor configured to determine a magnitude of an electrical current of the low-voltage circuit, an interruption unit with contacts configured to interrupt the low-voltage circuit, an electronic trip unit connected to the first current sensor and the interruption unit and configured in such a way that an interruption of the low-voltage circuit is instigated upon current or/and current period limit values being exceeded, and a power supply unit configured to supply power to the electronic trip unit and to at least one additional component of the low-voltage circuit breaker, wherein a second current sensor is between the power supply unit and the at least one additional component, said second current sensor configured to determine the magnitude of the current of the additional component. 1. A low-voltage circuit breaker for interrupting a low-voltage circuit , comprising:at least one first current sensor configured to determine a magnitude of an electrical current of the low-voltage circuit,an interruption unit with contacts configured to interrupt the low-voltage circuit,an electronic trip unit connected to the first current sensor and the interruption unit and configured in such a way that an interruption of the low-voltage circuit is instigated upon current or/and current period limit values being exceeded, anda power supply unit configured to supply power to the electronic trip unit and to at least one additional component of the low-voltage circuit breaker, whereina second current sensor is between the power supply unit and the at least one additional component, said second current sensor configured to determine the magnitude of the current of the additional component, andthe second current sensor is connected to evaluation electronics, the evaluation electronics configured to initiate an ...

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Номер записи: 61
16-01-2020 дата публикации

METHOD AND CIRCUIT FOR DETECTING AN ARC FAULT

Номер: US20200021107A1
Автор: COLLINS John Oliver, COMPTON Russell Mark
Принадлежит:

A method and circuit for determining and extinguishing electrical faults includes a power supply, and electrical load, a controller module, and electrical sensors, and when the controller module does not extinguish the electrical fault, another switch blows a fuse. 1. A method of detecting a fault in a circuit , the method comprising:sensing a power characteristic at a switch output;receiving, at a controller module, the sensed power characteristic;determining, in the controller module, a presence of a fault in the circuit;generating a first control signal to open the switch;determining, in the controller module, whether the fault in the circuit is still occurring; andif the fault is still occurring, generating a second control signal to close an active pull down switch.2. The method of wherein determining the presence of a fault in the circuit includes determining the presence of a fault downstream of a solid state power controller or a conductor.3. The method of wherein the conductor is a power cable having a conductive shielding.4. The method of wherein the sensing the power characteristic at the switch output includes sensing a voltage of the conductive shielding.5. The method of wherein determining whether the fault in the circuit is still occurring includes determining that a power supply is still being supplied to the switch output.6. The method of wherein determining whether the fault in the circuit is still occurring includes determining that at least one of the switch has failed or that the switch has not opened.7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , in response to generating the second control signal claim 1 , closing the active pull down switch to complete a conductive pathway from a power source claim 1 , through the switch and the active pull down switch claim 1 , to an electrical ground.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the conductive pathway includes a fuse claim 7 , and wherein in response to the completed conductive pathway ...

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Номер записи: 62
21-01-2021 дата публикации

SHORT CIRCUIT DETECTION AND PROTECTION FOR A GATE DRIVER CIRCUIT AND METHODS OF DETECTING THE SAME USING LOGIC ANALYSIS

Номер: US20210021121A1
Автор: LEE Junbae, Lee Minsub
Принадлежит: INFINEON TECHNOLOGIES AUSTRIA AG

A gate driver circuit is provided that includes a high-side power transistor; a low-side power transistor coupled to the high-side power transistor, where an output voltage is generated at a load node coupled between the low-side power transistor and the high-side power transistor; a gate driver configured to receive a high-side control signal and a low-side control signal, drive the high-side power transistor based on the high-side control signal, and drive the low-side power transistor based on the low-side control signal; and a short circuit detection circuit configured to monitor for short circuit events at the high-side power transistor and at the low-side power transistor based on the high-side control signal, the low-side control signal, and the output voltage, and, generate a fault signal in response to detecting a short circuit event at either of the high-side power transistor or the low-side power transistor. 1. A gate driver circuit , comprising:a high-side power transistor;a low-side power transistor coupled to the high-side power transistor, wherein an output voltage is generated at a load node coupled between the low-side power transistor and the high-side power transistor;a gate driver configured to receive a high-side control signal and a low-side control signal, drive the high-side power transistor based on the high-side control signal, and drive the low-side power transistor based on the low-side control signal; anda short circuit detection circuit configured to monitor for short circuit events at the high-side power transistor and at the low-side power transistor based on the high-side control signal, the low-side control signal, and the output voltage, and, generate a fault signal in response to detecting a short circuit event at either of the high-side power transistor or the low-side power transistor.2. The gate driver circuit of claim 1 , wherein:the short circuit detection circuit is configured to compare an output voltage measurement ...

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Номер записи: 63
26-01-2017 дата публикации

Two-transistor devices for protecting circuits from sustained overcurrent

Номер: US20170025844A1
Автор: Mark D. CREECH
Принадлежит: Symptote Technologies LLC

Two-transistor devices protect electrical circuits from sustained overcurrent conditions. Some cases provide normally-on depletion mode transistors biased into enhancement mode for lower impedance during normal current conditions, and then the transistors are biased into blocking depletion mode during sustained overcurrent conditions to block the current to the circuit. Optionally, the devices have only two terminals and require no auxiliary power to operate. Other cases provide protective circuitry for the transistors' gates, timing circuitry designed to ignore brief nuisance spikes, and/or timing circuitry to delay resetting the device until the current has returned to an acceptable level.

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Номер записи: 64
24-01-2019 дата публикации

DISPLAY DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DETECTING ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE PHENOMENON THEREOF

Номер: US20190025369A1
Автор: Huang Chang-Xin, Huang Chiao-Lin
Принадлежит: Chunghwa Picture Tubes, LTD.

A display device and a method for detecting an ESD phenomenon are provided. The method including: encoding image data according to an encoding operation to generate a check code; sending the image data and the check code to a receiver by a transmitter, and obtaining a receiving image data and a receiving check code by the receiver; encoding the receiving image data according to the encoding operation to generate a verification check code; and determining whether the ESD phenomenon is occurred by comparing the check code and the verification check code. 1. A method for detecting an electrostatic discharge phenomenon , comprising:encoding image data according to an encoding operation to generate a check code;sending the image data and the check code to a receiver by a transmitter, and obtaining a receiving image data and a receiving check code by the receiver;encoding the receiving image data according to the encoding operation to generate a verification check code; anddetermining whether the electrostatic discharge phenomenon is occurred by comparing the check code and the verification check code.2. The method for detecting the electrostatic discharge phenomenon as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the step of encoding the image data according to the encoding operation to generate the check code comprises:calculating a sum of a plurality of data of the image data; andcalculating a complement of the sum of the plurality of data to generate the check code.3. The method for detecting the electrostatic discharge phenomenon as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the step of calculating the complement of the sum of the plurality of data to generate the check code comprises:calculating the complement of 1 of the sum of the plurality of data to generate the check code.4. The method for detecting the electrostatic discharge phenomenon as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the step of sending the image data and the check code to the receiver by the transmitter comprises:connecting the check ...

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Номер записи: 65
29-01-2015 дата публикации

Passive Resonance DC Circuit Breaker

Номер: US20150029617A1
Автор: Abplanalp Markus, Gati Rudolf
Принадлежит:

A DC circuit breaker including a pair of arcing contact members for holding an arc, an interaction element, adapted for interacting with the arc in dependence of whether the arc is in a first or second state such that the arc voltage drop in the first state is lower than the drop in the second state, a resonance branch coupled in parallel to the contact members thereby forming a resonance circuit adapted for letting a resonance branch current Ioscillate thereby inducing oscillations of an arc current I, wherein the resonance branch includes a coupling element for coupling the resonance branch with the arc, such that the arc is brought to the first state when the current Iin the resonance branch has a first direction, and that the arc is brought to the second state when the current Iin the resonance branch has a second direction.

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Номер записи: 66
29-01-2015 дата публикации

Hazardous Area Coupler Device for High Frequency Signals

Номер: US20150029625A1
Автор: Malinak Tim E., Peters Mark E.
Принадлежит:

A hazardous area coupler is provided which uses arrays of diodes to permit low voltage alternating current signals to pass through while shunting to ground any voltages greater than the clamping voltage of the diodes. 1. A coupler for allowing electrical transmission of an alternating current signal through the wall of a hazardous area enclosure , comprising:a hollow coupler housing body having an elongated shape defining a first end and a second end;an electrical circuit inside said hollow coupler housing body wherein there is a space between the electrical circuit and the hollow coupler housing body;potting material encapsulating the electrical circuit and filling the space;a first electrical connector projecting out said first end and a second electrical connector projecting out said second end, said first and second electrical connectors being connected to each other through said electrical circuit;wherein said electrical circuit includes current limiting resistors; fuses, which provide for over-current protection in case of a fault; and arrays of diodes having a capacitance not greater than four picofarads and having a clamping voltage, such that the electrical circuit permits alternating current signals to pass through between the first and second electrical connectors but shunts to ground any signal greater than the clamping voltage of the diodes.2. A coupler for allowing electrical transmission of an alternating current signal through the wall of a hazardous area enclosure as recited in claim 1 , wherein said electrical circuit permits alternating current signals between 10 MHz and 1 GHz to pass through between the first and second electrical connectors.3. A coupler for allowing electrical transmission of an alternating current signal through the wall of a hazardous area enclosure as recited in claim 2 , wherein the clamping voltage of the diode array is greater than three volts. This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/ ...

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Номер записи: 67
10-02-2022 дата публикации

PROGRAMMABLE VOLTAGE LOCKOUT PROTECTION, AND RELATED SYSTEMS, METHODS AND DEVICES

Номер: US20220045496A1
Автор: Harfert Daniel
Принадлежит:

One or more examples relate, generally, to a programmable voltage lockout circuit provided at an electronic device. Such a programmable voltage lockout circuit asserts a lockout of the electronic device at least partially responsive to a user-programmed threshold and a supply voltage of the electronic device. One or more examples relate, generally, to configuring a programmable voltage lockout circuit utilizing a user-programmed threshold. 1. An apparatus , comprising:a programmable voltage lockout circuit provided at an electronic device to assert a lockout of the electronic device at least partially responsive to a user-programmed threshold and a supply voltage of the electronic device.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the programmable voltage lockout circuit comprises:a register to store a value.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the programmable voltage lockout circuit comprises:a processor to receive a value from a user and set the value stored at the register at least partially responsive to the value received from the user.4. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the programmable voltage lockout circuit comprises:a comparator to observe a state of the supply voltage of the electronic device at least partially responsive to the value stored at the register and generate an indication of the state of the supply voltage.5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the comparator observes a relationship between the value stored at the register and an indication of the supply voltage of the electronic device.6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the comparator:observes the state of the supply voltage is a first state responsive to observing a first relationship between the value stored at the register and the indication of the supply voltage of the electronic device; andobserves the state of the supply voltage is a second state responsive to observing a second relationship between the value stored at the register and the indication of the supply voltage of the ...

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Номер записи: 68
24-01-2019 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING CIRCUIT BREAKER FOR STATIC SYNCHRONOUS COMPENSATOR

Номер: US20190027934A1
Автор: KO Chol Jin, NO Jae Keun
Принадлежит:

Provided is an apparatus and method for controlling a circuit breaker for a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) such that the circuit breaker installed in a branch line for the STATCOM is operated according to the current control characteristics of the STATCOM, the apparatus including: a transformer protector for detecting the differential current between primary current and secondary current of a transformer connected in series to the circuit breaker in the branch line, and controlling the opening/closing of the circuit breaker; and a STATCOM controller for controlling an operation of the STATCOM, wherein the STATCOM controller outputs, to the transformer protector, an opening suspension signal for suspending the opening of the circuit breaker when overvoltage occurring in the STATCOM is detected, and the transformer protector suspends output of a circuit breaker opening signal to the circuit breaker according to the received opening suspension signal. 1. An apparatus for controlling a circuit breaker for a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) installed in a STATCOM-dedicated branch line branched from a main bus of a power system , the apparatus comprising:a transformer protector for detecting a differential current between primary current and secondary current of a transformer connected in series to the circuit breaker in the branch line, and controlling opening/closing of the circuit breaker; anda STATCOM controller for controlling an operation of the STATCOM, wherein the STATCOM controller outputs, to the transformer protector, an opening suspension signal for suspending the opening of the circuit breaker when overvoltage occurring in the STATCOM is detected, and the transformer protector suspends output of a circuit breaker opening signal to the circuit breaker according to the received opening suspension signal.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the transformer protector determines whether or not a fault occurs in the power system from ...

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Номер записи: 69
23-01-2020 дата публикации

METHODS AND APPARATUS TO PREVENT UNDESIRED TRIGGERING OF SHORT CIRCUIT OR OVER CURRENT PROTECTION

Номер: US20200028345A1
Автор: CHAUHAN ANKUR, Gupta Vishal, ROY Subrato
Принадлежит:

Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed for preventing undesired triggering of short circuit or over current protection. An example apparatus includes an output terminal; a voltage detection device coupled to a voltage detection input terminal and the output terminal and including a voltage detection output coupled to a logic gate first input terminal; a pulse extender coupled between a logic gate output and a selecting node; a multiplexer coupled to the selecting node and configured to be coupled to a first protection circuit, a second protection circuit, and a driver; and a switch coupled between an input terminal and the output terminal and including a switch gate terminal coupled to the driver. 1. An apparatus comprising:an output terminal;a voltage detection device coupled to a voltage detection input terminal and the output terminal and including a voltage detection output coupled to a logic gate first input terminal;a pulse extender coupled between a logic gate output and a selecting node;a multiplexer coupled to the selecting node and configured to be coupled to a first protection circuit, a second protection circuit, and a driver; anda switch coupled between an input terminal and the output terminal and including a switch gate terminal coupled to the driver.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the apparatus further includes a current sensor coupled to the input terminal and the output terminal.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the apparatus further includes a current increase detector coupled to a logic gate input.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein a logic gate includes the logic gate output coupled to the pulse extender.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first protection circuit is coupled to a multiplexer first input and the second protection circuit is coupled to a multiplexer second input.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein voltage detection device includes a voltage detection output coupled to an inverting ...

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Номер записи: 70
28-01-2021 дата публикации

REFERENCE SIGNAL GENERATING METHOD FOR DISTANCE AND DIRECTIONAL PROTECTION ELEMENTS

Номер: US20210028611A1
Автор: Brusilowicz Bartosz Jan
Принадлежит: SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES, INC.

The present disclosure relates to generating reference signals for distance and directional elements in power systems. For example, an intelligent electronic device (IED) may receive A-phase, B-phase, and C-phase electrical measurements of a power system. The IED may transform the A-phase, B-phase, and C-phase measurements to a d-component, a q-component, and a 0-component. The IED may include an adaptive notch filter that reduces or eliminates a double frequency component that may be present when step changes of frequency and/or amplitude occur and/or when the A-phase, B-phase, and C-phase measurements have different amplitudes. By reducing the double frequency component, the IED may generate a more accurate ω which may allow for more accurately tracking changes to the polarizing source. Further, the IED may separately add inertia to the estimated angular frequency used in generating a reference signal. 1. An intelligent electronic device (IED) , comprising:one or more inputs configured to receive at least an A-phase measurement, a B-phase measurement, and a C-phase measurement; transform, via an abc/dq0 transform, the A-phase measurement, the B-phase measurement, and the C-phase measurement into at least a d-component signal and a q-component signal;', 'determine the estimated angular frequency, based at least in part on the q-component signal, to be used by the abc/dq0 transform;', 'adding additional inertia to the estimated angular frequency separately from determining the estimated angular frequency; and', 'provide one or more reference signals based on the estimated angular frequency with the additional inertia added., 'processing circuitry configured to2. The IED of claim 1 , wherein the processing circuitry comprises:a proportional-integral (PI) controller configured to provide an integral signal and a proportional signal; anda notch filter, between the PI controller and the abc/dq0 transform, configured to receive the q-component signal and to provide a ...

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Номер записи: 71
28-01-2021 дата публикации

SELF-POWER RELAY AND METHOD FOR PREVENTING MALFUNCTION THEREOF

Номер: US20210028612A1
Автор: KIM Ji-Ung
Принадлежит:

Disclosed are a self-power relay and a method for preventing a malfunction thereof. The self-power relay comprises: a self-power generation unit for autonomously generating a driving power by performing conversion into a preconfigured driving power level by using, as a source power, a system power of a transmission/distribution line or power system; and a relay operation unit, for measuring the amount of a system power of a transmission/distribution line or power system, blocking a system power transmitted to a load when a failure occurs, and monitoring a change in a source power of the self-power generation unit in real time, so as to stop a relay operation of the self-power generation unit and a relay operation of the relay operation unit itself when abnormality occurs, wherein a malfunction can be prevented by checking an unstable state of a source current and voltage for generation of a self driving power. 1. A self power relay comprising:a self power generator for converting a system power as a source power to a driving power having a preset driving power level to generate the driving power of the relay; and measure a power amount of the system power in real time while operating using the driving power; and', 'in an event of failure of the system power, prevent the system power from being transmitted to a load and stop a relaying operation thereof and an operation of the self power generator while operating using an external rated power., 'a relay unit configured to2. The self power relay of claim 1 , wherein the relay unit is configured to:sample current change in each of three phases system powers used as the source power for the self power generator at a preset period;calculate differences between sampling values of three phases system currents obtained via a predefined number of samplings and monitor change in each of the three phases system currents in real time, based on the calculated differences; andupon determination based on a plurality of predefined ...

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Номер записи: 72
31-01-2019 дата публикации

SELF-DIAGNOSING BATTERY CELL MONITORING SYSTEM

Номер: US20190033386A1
Автор: Katrak Kerfegar K.
Принадлежит:

A self-diagnosing battery cell monitoring system having a battery cell voltage monitoring IC with a digital voltage substrate, an analog differential voltage substrate, and an analog voltage substrate is provided. The first diagnostic handler application commands a digital input-output device to generate control signals to transition a contactor to an open operational state if the first diagnostic flag associated with the digital voltage substrate is equal to the first encoded fault value, or the second diagnostic flag associated with the analog differential voltage substrate is equal to the second encoded fault value, or the third diagnostic flag associated with the analog voltage substrate is equal to the third encoded fault value. 1. A self-diagnosing battery cell monitoring system , comprising:a battery cell voltage monitoring IC having a digital voltage substrate, an analog differential voltage substrate, and an analog voltage substrate therein having trenched electrical isolation therebetween;a microcontroller having a first memory buffer, first, second, and third applications, and a first diagnostic handler application;the first memory buffer having first, second, and third diagnostic bits associated with the digital voltage substrate, the analog differential voltage substrate, and the analog voltage substrate, respectively;the first application setting a first diagnostic flag to a first encoded fault value if the first diagnostic bit in the first memory buffer is equal to a first bit value indicating a fault condition in the digital voltage substrate;the second application setting a second diagnostic flag to a second encoded fault value if the second diagnostic bit in the first memory buffer is equal to the first bit value indicating a fault condition in the analog differential voltage substrate;the third application setting a third diagnostic flag to a third encoded fault value if the third diagnostic bit in the first memory buffer is equal to the first bit ...

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Номер записи: 73
01-02-2018 дата публикации

PROTECTION APPARATUS

Номер: US20180034257A1
Автор: HA Hengxu, SRI GOPALA KRISHNA MURTHI Sankara
Принадлежит:

In the field of multi-terminal electrical power network protection, a protection apparatus comprises a measurement apparatus to measure the respective terminal current (I, I, I, I, I, I) flowing at each terminal (L, R, R, R, R, R) in a multi-terminal network that includes a plurality of electrically interconnected terminals (L, R, R, R, R, R). The protection apparatus also includes a control unit that is programmed to process the measured terminal currents (I, I, I, I, I, I) to obtain first and second summed values (I(n), I(n)). The first summed value (I(n)) is the sum at a given time (n) of the or each terminal current (I, I, I, I, I, I) flowing in a first direction (D) relative to a corresponding terminal (L, R, R, R, R, R) and the second summed value (I(n)) is the sum at the same given time (n) of the or each terminal current (I, I, I, I, I, I) flowing in a second direction (D) opposite the first direction (D) relative to the corresponding terminal (L, R, R, R, R, R). The control unit is further programmed to compare the phase of the first summed value (I(n)) with the phase of the second summed value (I(n)) to determine whether a fault in the multi-terminal network is internal or external to the multi-terminal network and thereafter to produce an internal fault output signal upon the determination of an internal fault. 1. A protection apparatus , for protecting a multi-terminal electrical power network , comprising:a measurement apparatus configured to measure a respective terminal current flowing at each terminal in a multi-terminal network, wherein the multi-terminal network comprises a plurality of electrically interconnected terminals; anda control unit configured to process the measured terminal currents and obtain a first summed value and a second summed value, wherein the first summed value is the sum at a given time of each terminal current flowing in a first direction relative to a corresponding terminal and the second summed value is the sum at the same ...

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Номер записи: 74
01-02-2018 дата публикации

Fault Detection and Protection During Steady State Using Traveling Waves

Номер: US20180034258A1
Автор: III Edmund O., Kasztenny Bodgan Z., Schweitzer, Whitehead David E.
Принадлежит: SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES, INC.

An electric power delivery system may be protected upon occurrence of a fault condition by the systems and methods disclosed herein by detecting the fault condition and signaling a protective action before the overcurrent condition reaches the protective equipment. The protective action may be an opening of a circuit breaker or engagement of a fault current limiter. The overcurrent condition may be a non-steady-state condition. The fault may be detected using traveling wave or incremental quantity techniques. 1. A device for detecting a fault in an electric power delivery system , comprising:an acquisition circuit in communication with a distribution branch of the electric power delivery system for obtaining current signals therefrom and producing current quantities;a traveling wave fault detection module in communication with the acquisition circuit configured to detect an in-zone fault using the current quantities, determine a fault condition, and provide a traveling wave fault signal upon detection of the traveling wave; and,a protection module in communication with the traveling wave module configured to signal a distribution circuit breaker to open before a voltage condition resulting from the fault exceeds a rated voltage condition of the distribution circuit breaker.2. A system for protecting an electric power delivery system , comprising:a first circuit breaker for selectively connecting a transformer with a distribution bus;a second circuit breaker for selectively connecting the distribution bus with a distribution branch; an acquisition circuit in communication with the distribution branch for obtaining current signals therefrom and producing current quantities;', 'a traveling wave fault detection module in communication with the acquisition circuit configured to detect an in-zone fault using the current quantities, determine a fault condition, and provide a traveling wave fault signal upon detection of the traveling wave; and,', 'a protection module in ...

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Номер записи: 75
01-02-2018 дата публикации

DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM FOR A DC-DC VOLTAGE CONVERTER

Номер: US20180034263A1
Автор: Chang Chieh-Kai, Jang Su Hyuk, Katrak Kerfegar K., Rexha Mehdi, Tipnis Kunal
Принадлежит:

A diagnostic system for a DC-DC voltage converter is provided. A first temperature sensor generates a first temperature signal associated with a buck mode integrated circuit. A first analog multiplexer outputs the first temperature signal to a first analog-to-digital converter which generates a first temperature value. A second temperature sensor generates a second temperature signal associated with a boost mode integrated circuit. A second analog multiplexer outputs the second temperature signal to a second analog-to-digital converter which generates a second temperature value. A microcontroller generates control signals to command first and second bi-directional switches in the DC-DC voltage converter to each transition to an open operational state if the first temperature value is greater than a first threshold temperature value. 1. A diagnostic system for a DC-DC voltage converter , the DC-DC voltage converter having a first bi-directional switch , a second bi-directional switch , and a DC-DC converter control circuit; the DC-DC converter control circuit having a buck mode integrated circuit and a boost mode integrated circuit , the diagnostic system comprising:a microcontroller generating a first control signal that is received by the DC-DC converter control circuit to command the buck mode integrated circuit to activate, while the boost mode integrated circuit is de-activated;a first temperature sensor generating a first temperature signal indicative of a temperature level of the buck mode integrated circuit;a first analog multiplexer having an input port and an output port, the input port of the first analog multiplexer being electrically coupled to the first temperature sensor, the output port of the first analog multiplexer being electrically coupled to a first analog-to-digital converter of the microcontroller; the first analog multiplexer receiving the first temperature signal and outputting the first temperature signal to the first analog-to-digital ...

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Номер записи: 76
01-02-2018 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PROTECTION IN A MIXED POWER TRANSMISSION LINE

Номер: US20180034265A1
Автор: KARIWALA Vinay, NAIDU Obbalareddi Demudu, PUROHIT Amit, Wang Jianping
Принадлежит:

A method is provided for protection in a mixed power transmission line by controlling a switching device connected thereto through an Intelligent Electronic Device (IED). The mixed line has two or more sections with at least one overhead section (A) and at least one underground section (B), wherein every two consecutive sections are connected at a junction (C). The method is implemented by the IED (), which receives a signal from a measurement equipment. The IED detects a travelling wave from the signal, and determines a first peak of the travelling wave and at least one a peak width, a rise time and a discharge time of the first peak. The IED identifies the section with the fault based on a comparison of at least one of the peak width, the rise time and the discharge time with a corresponding threshold value of each junction, and controls the switching device based on the comparison. 1. A method for protection in response to a fault in a mixed power transmission line by controlling a switching device connected to the mixed power transmission line through an Intelligent Electronic Device (IED) , the mixed power transmission line comprising two or more sections with at least one overhead section and at least one underground section , each section of the two or more sections being one of an overhead section and an underground section , wherein every two consecutive sections of the mixed power transmission line are connected at a junction , the method being implemented by the IED of the mixed power transmission line , wherein the IED receives a signal from a measurement equipment connected to the mixed power transmission line , the IED performing:detecting a travelling wave from the signal received from the measurement equipment, wherein the travelling wave is generated due to the fault in a section of the two or more sections of the mixed power transmission line;determining a first peak of the travelling wave and at least one a peak width, a rise time and a discharge ...

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Номер записи: 77
17-02-2022 дата публикации

ESD PROTECTION CIRCUIT

Номер: US20220052521A1
Автор: Yoon Jang Hyun
Принадлежит: SILICON WORKS CO., LTD.

Disclosed is an ESD protection circuit which performs a protection operation by detecting an introduction of an ESD signal when the ESD signal is introduced through a power line. The ESD protection circuit includes a noise detection circuit configured to provide a first detection signal which detects power noise or an ESD signal introduced through a power line; an ESD detection circuit configured to provide a second detection signal which detects an ESD signal introduced through the power line; and a pull-down control circuit configured to perform pull-down on the ESD signal of the power line when the first detection signal which detects the power noise or the ESD signal and the second detection signal which detects the ESD signal are received. 1. An ESD protection circuit comprising:a noise detection circuit configured to provide a first detection signal which detects high-frequency power noise or a high-frequency ESD signal introduced through a power line;an ESD detection circuit configured to provide a second detection signal which detects the ESD signal exceeding a preset detection voltage; anda pull-down control circuit configured to perform pull-down on the ESD signal of the power line when the first detection signal and the second detection signal are received.2. The ESD protection circuit according to claim 1 , wherein the noise detection circuit detects a current change by the power noise or the ESD signal introduced through the power line claim 1 , and provides the first detection signal corresponding to the current change when there is the current change.3. The ESD protection circuit according to claim 2 , wherein the noise detection circuit comprises:a resistor connected to the power line; anda capacitor connected between the resistor and a ground line,wherein, when the power noise is introduced into the resistor and the capacitor, a voltage, corresponding to the current change by a short current generated in the capacitor by the high-frequency power ...

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Номер записи: 78
31-01-2019 дата публикации

FAULT MITIGATION FOR ELECTRICAL ACTUATOR USING REGULATED VOLTAGE CONTROL

Номер: US20190036321A1
Автор: Du Xinyu, Hu Yao, Krajewski Paul E., Sanchez Joshua J.
Принадлежит:

A method for mitigating an electrical actuator fault in a system containing multiple actuators includes: applying multiple predetermined conditions to each of multiple actuators in a vehicle system to identify when at least one of the multiple actuators is in a faulted condition; and increasing an input voltage to all of the actuators to increase an output of the at least one of the multiple actuators in the faulted condition to mitigate the faulted condition. 1. A method for mitigating an electrical actuator fault in a system containing multiple actuators , comprising:applying multiple predetermined conditions to each of multiple actuators in a vehicle system to identify when at least one of the multiple actuators is in a faulted condition; andincreasing an input voltage to all of the actuators to increase an output of the at least one of the multiple actuators in the faulted condition to mitigate the faulted condition.2. The method for mitigating an electrical actuator fault in a system containing multiple actuators of claim 1 , further including connecting each of the actuators to a vehicle generator operable over a range of output voltages claim 1 , wherein the increasing step includes increasing an output voltage of the vehicle generator.3. The method for mitigating an electrical actuator fault in a system containing multiple actuators of claim 2 , further including determining a maximum available output voltage for the vehicle generator prior to increasing the output voltage of the vehicle generator.4. The method for mitigating an electrical actuator fault in a system containing multiple actuators of claim 3 , further including determining a safe voltage Vsafe for operating each of the multiple actuators prior to increasing the output voltage of the vehicle generator claim 3 , wherein the safe voltage Vsafe is less than the maximum available output voltage.5. The method for mitigating an electrical actuator fault in a system containing multiple actuators of ...

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Номер записи: 79
31-01-2019 дата публикации

POWER SUPPLY INTERLOCK

Номер: US20190036322A1
Автор: Kralik Michael, McLellan Brandon
Принадлежит:

Load control interlocks are disclosed and described. The interlocks provide for coupling a power circuit to one or more load circuits once the one or more load circuits and the power circuit are both coupled to the interlock, and disconnects the power circuit from the one or more load circuits if the one or more load circuits or the power circuit are uncoupled form the interlock or an electrical connection between the power circuit and the one or more load circuits is broken. 1. An apparatus comprising:a power supply configured to couple power to a power line in a cable; and receive a sensor signal from a sensor signal line distinct from the power line in the cable, the sensor signal line being distinct from the power line the cable;', 'recognize an interruption of the sensor signal received from the sensor signal line in the cable; and', 'interrupt the power coupled to the cable in response to the interruption of the sensor signal., 'a sensor signal detection circuit configured to,'}2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:a load or load distribution unit coupled by the power line in the cable to the power supply and by the sensor signal line in the cable to the sensor signal detection circuit.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the load or load distribution unit is configured to couple the sensor signal that originates in the load or load distribution unit to sensor signal line in the cable.4. The apparatus of claim 2 , whereinthe power supply is further configured to couple the sensor signal that originates in the power supply to the cable.5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the sensor signal received by the sensor signal detection circuit from the sensor signal line in the cable is unmodified from the sensor signal that originates in the power supply.6. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the sensor signal received by the sensor signal detection circuit from the sensor signal line in the cable is modified by the load or load distribution unit from the ...

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Номер записи: 80
31-01-2019 дата публикации

ELECTROMAGNETIC LOAD DRIVE DEVICE AND IN-VEHICLE CONTROL SYSTEM

Номер: US20190036325A1
Автор: JYUMONJI Kentarou
Принадлежит: Hitachi Automotive Systems, Ltd.

To provide an electromagnetic load driving device capable of performing failure diagnosis of a relay more frequently. 1. An electromagnetic load driving device configured to drive an electromagnetic induction load , the electromagnetic load driving device comprising:a first switch configured to control an energizing current to be supplied to the electromagnetic induction load;a second switch connected to the electromagnetic induction load in series, the second switch being configured to switch between interruption and energization of the energizing current;a voltage detecting unit configured to detect a voltage between the second switch and the electromagnetic induction load; anda computing unit configured to diagnose whether an energizing path of the energizing current is normal, based on a surge voltage detected by the voltage detecting unit when the second switch interrupts the energizing current during the control of the energizing current by the first switch.2. The electromagnetic load driving device according to claim 1 , wherein the computing unit diagnoses whether the second switch is normal claim 1 , based on the surge voltage.3. The electromagnetic load driving device according to claim 2 , wherein the computing unit diagnoses that the second switch is normal when the surge voltage is in a range between predetermined upper and lower limit voltage values claim 2 , and the computing unit diagnoses that the second switch is abnormal when the surge voltage is out of the range between the predetermined upper and lower limit voltage values.4. The electromagnetic load driving device according to claim 1 , further comprising a storage unit configured to store data indicating a correspondence between a quantity of the energizing current and an allowable interrupting time of the second switch during which a variation width from a target current of the energizing current during the interruption of the second switch claim 1 , is allowed to be in a predetermined range ...

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Номер записи: 81
11-02-2016 дата публикации

System for Harvesting Water Wave Energy

Номер: US20160040648A1
Автор: Guang Zhu, Jun Chen, Yanjie Su, Zhong Lin Wang
Принадлежит: Georgia Tech Research Corp

A generator for harvesting energy from water in motion includes a sheet of a hydrophobic material, having a first side and an opposite second side, that is triboelectrically more negative than water. A first electrode sheet is disposed on the second side of the sheet of a hydrophobic material. A second electrode sheet is disposed on the second side of the sheet of a hydrophobic material and is spaced apart from the first electrode sheet. Movement of the water across the first side induces an electrical potential imbalance between the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet.

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Номер записи: 82
30-01-2020 дата публикации

Devices and Methods to Control Clamping Devices

Номер: US20200035668A1
Автор: BLAAUW David Theodore, Blanc Fabrice, LEE In Hee, Oh Sechang, SAVANTH Parameshwarappa Anand Kumar
Принадлежит:

In a particular implementation, an apparatus to control clamping devices includes a first control circuit and a second control circuit. The first control circuit is responsive to a detection signal and generates a first drive signal to control a body diode of a clamping device. The second control circuit is responsive to the detection signal and generates a second drive signal to control the gate terminal of the clamping device. 1. An integrated circuit comprising:a first control circuit responsive to a detection signal and configured to generate a first drive signal to control a body diode of a clamping device; anda second control circuit responsive to the detection signal and configured to generate a second drive signal to control a gate terminal of the clamping device.2. The integrated circuit of claim 1 , further comprising a detection circuit configured to detect a transient voltage and transmit the detection signal to the first and second control circuits.3. The integrated circuit of claim 2 , wherein the detection circuit comprises a detection portion having a resistor and a capacitor.4. The integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein each of the first and second control circuits comprises one or more amplification stages claim 1 , the clamping device claim 1 , and a supporting capacitor.5. The integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein the first and second control circuits are configured to activate the clamping device to at least partially quench a transient voltage.6. The integrated circuit of claim 5 , wherein the clamping device activation comprises body-biasing of first and second parasitic bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) of the clamping device.7. The integrated circuit of claim 1 , further comprising:a third control circuit responsive to the detection signal and configured to generate a third drive signal to control a body diode of a second clamping device, anda fourth control circuit responsive to the detection signal and configured to generate to fourth ...

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Номер записи: 83
30-01-2020 дата публикации

METHOD FOR OPERATING AN ELECTRICAL NETWORK

Номер: US20200036179A1
Автор: Kirkman Robert, KREBS RAINER
Принадлежит:

A method operates an electrical network, in particular a power supply network or power distribution network, in which protective apparatuses are connected to a multiplicity of measurement positions. The protective apparatuses monitor an assigned network section of the electrical network and are respectively parameterized with at least one apparatus-side parameter value which influences the mode of operation of the respective protective apparatus. Accordingly, the protective apparatuses are remotely readable and are connected to a superordinate central device, and the central device reads out the apparatus-side parameter values from the protective apparatuses. 1. A method for operating an electrical network , which comprises the steps of:connecting protective apparatuses to a plurality of measurement positions, the protective apparatuses monitoring an assigned network section of the electrical network and are respectively parameterized with at least one apparatus-side parameter value which influences a mode of operation of a respective protective apparatus;remotely reading the protective apparatuses which are connected to a superordinate central device; andreading out, via the superordinate central device, apparatus-side parameter values from the protective apparatuses.2. The method according to claim 1 , which further comprises:comparing, via the central device, the apparatus-side parameter values read-out with setpoint parameter values for the protective apparatuses; andgenerating an update signal when the apparatus-side parameter values differ from the setpoint parameter values.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein:the apparatus-side protective apparatuses are remotely configurable; andthe superordinate central device compares the apparatus-side parameter values with setpoint parameter values for the protective apparatuses and, in a scope of a remote configuration, replaces the apparatus-side parameter values with corresponding ones of the setpoint ...

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Номер записи: 84
30-01-2020 дата публикации

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REDUCING LEAKAGE CURRENTS

Номер: US20200036180A1
Автор: Pfizenmaier Tim, Spesser Daniel
Принадлежит: DR. ING. H.C. F. PORSCHE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

A method for reducing leakage currents in a protective conductor of an electricity network including a neutral conductor and a phase conductor in addition to the protective conductor. A differential current is determined depending on a phase conductor current in the phase conductor and a neutral conductor current in the neutral conductor. A compensation current is fed into the phase conductor and/or into the neutral conductor. The compensation current compensates for a leakage current caused by the differential current. Also described is a device for carrying out such a method. 1. A method for reducing leakage currents in a protective conductor (PE) of an electricity network comprising a neutral conductor (N) and a phase conductor (Lx) in addition to the protective conductor (PE) , the method comprising:determining a differential current depending on a phase conductor current in the phase conductor (Lx) and a neutral conductor current in the neutral conductor (N); andfeeding a compensation current into the phase conductor (Lx) and/or into the neutral conductor (N), said compensation current compensating for a leakage current caused by the differential current.2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the differential current is determined by a differential current converter.3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising converting the determined differential current into a digital differential current using an analog-to-digital converter.4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising generating the compensation current depending on the determined differential current and a predefined phase shift.5. The method as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising determining a frequency spectrum of the determined differential current.6. The method as claimed in claim 5 , further comprising generating the compensation current depending on the determined frequency spectrum and a predefined phase shift.7. The method as claimed in claim 1 , further ...

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Номер записи: 85
30-01-2020 дата публикации

ABNORMAL-VOLTAGE PROTECTION APPARATUS AND METHOD OF OPERATING THE SAME

Номер: US20200036181A1
Автор: LIN Likai, TSENG Yu-Chieh, YEH Chia-Hao
Принадлежит:

An abnormal-voltage protection apparatus includes a switch unit, a voltage detection unit, and a delay time control unit. The switch unit is coupled to a power supplying path formed between an AC power source and a load. The voltage detection unit detects the AC power source and provides a detection signal. The delay time control unit is coupled to the voltage detection unit and the switch unit, and receives the detection signal and provides a control signal to the switch unit according to the detection signal. When the voltage detection unit detects that the AC power source changes from an abnormal voltage to a normal voltage, the delay time control unit turns on the switch unit by the control signal after a delay time so that the AC power source supplies power to the load through the power supplying path. 1. An abnormal-voltage protection apparatus comprising:a switch unit coupled to a power supplying path formed between an AC power source and a load;a voltage detection unit configured to detect the AC power source and provide a detection signal according to a voltage value of the AC power source; anda delay time control unit coupled to the voltage detection unit and the switch unit, and configured to receive the detection signal and provide a control signal to the switch unit according to the detection signal;wherein when the voltage detection unit detects that the AC power source changes from an abnormal voltage to a normal voltage, the delay time control unit is configured to turn on the switch unit by the control signal after a delay time so that the AC power source supplies power to the load through the power supplying path.2. The abnormal-voltage protection apparatus of claim 1 , wherein when the voltage detection unit detects that the AC power source changes from the normal voltage to the abnormal voltage claim 1 , the delay time control unit turns off the switch unit by the control signal to interrupt the AC power source supplying power to the load through ...

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Номер записи: 86
30-01-2020 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DISCERNING ARCING IN ELECTRICAL WIRING

Номер: US20200036183A1
Автор: III William Vernon, MILLER
Принадлежит:

A wiring device including an interrupting device, a fault detection device, and a controller. The interrupting device is configured to place the wiring device in a tripped condition in which the flow of power between one or more line terminals and one or more load terminals is interrupted. The fault detection circuit is configured to detect a fault condition and generate a fault detection signal in response to detecting the fault condition, the fault detection signal being provided to the interrupting device to place the interrupting device in the tripped condition. The controller is configured to monitor a current of the one or more line terminals, identify a presence of an in-rush condition or a steady-state condition, and prevent the output of the fault detection signal upon identifying either the in-rush condition or the steady-state condition. 1. A wiring device comprising:an interrupting device electrically connecting one or more line terminals to one or more load terminals when the interrupting device is in a reset condition and disconnecting the line terminals from the load terminals when the interrupting device is in a tripped condition;a fault detection circuit configured to detect a fault condition and generate a fault detection signal in response to detecting the fault condition, the fault detection signal being provided to the interrupting device to place the interrupting device in the tripped condition; and monitor a current of the one or more line terminals,', 'identify a presence of at least one selected from a group consisting of an in-rush condition and a steady-state condition, and', 'prevent the output of the fault detection signal upon identifying at least one selected from the group consisting of the in-rush condition and the steady-state condition., 'a controller having an electronic processor and a memory, the controller configured to'}2. The wiring device of claim 1 , wherein at least one selected from the group consisting of the in-rush ...

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Номер записи: 87
09-02-2017 дата публикации

METHOD FOR DETECTING GROUND FAULTS IN A LVDC ELECTRIC LINE AND AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE THEREOF

Номер: US20170038423A1
Автор: Carminati Marco, RAGAINI Enrico
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a method () for detecting faults in a LVDC electric line () characterised in that it comprises the following steps: 1. A method for detecting faults in a LVDC electric line which comprises the following steps:{'sub': LOW', 'G', 'M1, 'acquiring a first detection signal (V) indicative of low-frequency components of an unbalancing current (I) between a plurality of conductors of said electric line, said first detection signal being obtained by means of a low-pass filtering of a corresponding measuring signal (V) indicative of said unbalancing current;'}{'sub': HIGH', 'G', 'M2, 'acquiring a second detection signal (V) indicative of high-frequency components of said unbalancing current (I), said second detection signal being obtained by means of a high-pass filtering of a corresponding measuring signal (V) indicative of said unbalancing current;'}{'sub': LOW', 'HIGH, 'obtaining a third detection signal (RT) by calculating the ratio between said first and second detection signals (V, V);'}{'sub': 'F', 'b': '1', 'checking whether a DC current (I) towards ground is present by comparing said third detection signal (RT) with a first threshold value (TH).'}2. A method claim 1 , according to claim 1 , which comprises the steps of:{'sub': 'HIGH', 'b': 2', '1, 'comparing said second detection signal (V) with a second threshold value (TH), if said third detection signal (RT) does not exceed said first threshold value (TH);'}{'sub': 'HIGH', 'b': '2', 'generating an alarm signal (WARN) indicative of the presence of high-frequency leakage currents towards ground, if said second detection signal (V) exceeds said second threshold value (TH).'}3. A method claim 1 , according to claim 1 , which comprises the following steps of:{'sub': SUM', 'LOW', 'HIGH, 'b': '1', 'obtaining a fourth detection signal (V) indicative of the overall currents flowing towards ground by calculating the sum of said first and second detection signals (V, V), if said third detection ...

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Номер записи: 88
04-02-2021 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CALIBRATING TO AND MONITORING OF LOW VOLTAGE CIRCUITS

Номер: US20210036501A1
Автор: Maddox Sean Patrick
Принадлежит:

A system for monitoring low voltage electrical circuits for changes in their electrical characteristics corresponding to changes in their physical characteristics. The system includes a device which provides the electrical origination and termination for low voltage electrical circuits and the logic necessary to measure the electrical characteristics of low voltage electrical circuits and detect changes in the electrical characteristics of low voltage electrical circuits. The system includes a method for calibrating to the unique electrical characteristics of individual low voltage circuits with this method producing a circuit specific configuration for each low voltage electrical circuit and that configuration being utilized by the device to monitor each individual low voltage circuit. 1. A method comprising: a positive electrical pole , a known electrical potential , known electrical current , a measurement tap point , known electrical resistance and a negative electrical pole providing for the origination and termination points of an electrical circuit;supplying, by the positive electrical pole the known electrical potential and the known electrical current as the electrical circuit origination;terminating, by the negative electrical pole the known electrical potential, known electrical current and known electrical resistance as the electrical circuit termination;measuring, by the measurement tap point a first circuit electrical characteristic when the electrical circuit is in its initial state (all sensors in their inactive state or all sensors in their active state);calculating, using the first measured electrical characteristic and the known electrical characteristic a first calculated electrical characteristic;calculating, using the first measured electrical characteristic and the known electrical characteristic a first additional calculated electrical characteristic;actuating each sensor attached to the electrical circuit from its initial state (inactive ...

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Номер записи: 89
04-02-2021 дата публикации

Power Interruption Method and Device Based on Phase Measurement and Arc Detection of Power Level

Номер: US20210036504A1
Автор: LEE Jun Bae
Принадлежит:

Disclosed are a power interruption method and a power interruption device based on power phase measurement and arc detection and a method thereof and disclosed are a power interruption method and a power interruption device which accurately determine, when a value measured by a current transformer (CT), a voltage detector, etc., is input into the main control unit, whether the measured value is a value equal to or more than a predetermined threshold through a comparison between phases of voltage and current to effectively prepare for a disaster such as preventing fire or protecting a subsequent circuit by a rapid and accurate power interruption by arc at a load side. 1. A power interruption method by a power interruption device , comprising:receiving a first detection signal and a second detection signal detected by using a current transformer and a voltage detector coupled to a power supply line supplying power to a load, respectively;generating a control signal by sensing generation of arc in the load for a first target signal and a second target signal input based on the first detection signal and the second detection signal, respectively; andinterrupting the power supply to the load according to the control signal,wherein in the generating of the control signal, ADC values of the first and second target signals, respectively are generated to generate the control signal based on a phase difference of each of the first and second target signals at a predetermined signal magnitude level.2. The power interruption method of claim 1 , further comprising:wherein the power is AC power,generating the first and second target signals by rectifying the first detection signal and the second detection signal, respectively before the generating of the control signal.3. The power interruption method of claim 2 , wherein the phase difference is determined within a semi-period of the AC power.4. The power interruption method of claim 2 , wherein the first and second target ...

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Номер записи: 90
04-02-2021 дата публикации

SWITCHING MODE POWER SUPPLY PROVIDING AN OVER CURRENT PROTECTION WITH ANTI-SURGE FUNCTION

Номер: US20210036506A1
Автор: Chen Yuedong, Hu Zhiheng, Jin Yiqing
Принадлежит:

A switching mode power supply preventing false triggering of an over current protection due to a surge pulse. The switching mode power supply has a switch and an inductor. An inductor current flows through the inductor. The switching mode power supply turns off the switch and meanwhile starts timing for a preset period of time when the inductor current is larger than a preset value. The switch is kept off during the preset period of time and is then turned on when the preset period of time expires. 1. A driving circuit in a switching mode power supply , wherein the switching mode power supply comprises an inductor and a switch , and wherein an inductor current flows through the inductor , the driving circuit comprising:an over current comparison circuit configured to receive an over current threshold signal and a first current detecting signal representative of the inductor current generated during a period when the switch is on, wherein the over current comparison circuit is configured to generate an over current comparison signal to control a turning-off moment of the switch based on comparing the first current detecting signal with the over current threshold signal;a watch-dog circuit configured to receive a watch-dog triggering signal indicating the turning-off moment of the switch, wherein the watch-dog circuit is configured to generate a watch-dog signal based on the watch-dog triggering signal to trigger a turning-on operation of the switch after a preset period of time expires, and wherein the preset period of time is timed beginning from the turning-off moment of the switch;an on moment control circuit configured to receive a second current detecting signal representative of the inductor current generated during a period when the switch is off and to receive an on threshold signal, wherein the on moment control circuit is configured to generate an on signal to control a turning-on moment of the switch based on comparing the second current detecting signal ...

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Номер записи: 91
06-02-2020 дата публикации

METHOD FOR LOCATING PHASE FAULTS IN A MICROGRID

Номер: US20200041561A1
Автор: Alibert Philippe, IGNATOVA Vanya
Принадлежит: Schneider Electric Industries SAS

A method for locating and clearing phase faults in a micro-grid in off-mode. The method includes determining a surveillance area of a microgrid having at least two busbars to monitor; determining all source feeders and load feeders of the surveillance area; acquiring measurement data comprising current magnitude for all source feeders and load feeders; and monitoring the at least two busbars in the surveillance area for a voltage dip in one of phase-to-phase or phase-to-neutral voltages. The method further includes, on detecting a voltage dip on the monitored busbars, determining a defect phase having a minimum phase-to-neutral voltage; and performing current analysis for the defect phase. 1. Computer implemented method for locating phase faults in a microgrid in off-grid mode comprising:defining a surveillance area of the microgrid having at least two busbars to monitor;assessing all source feeders and load feeders of the surveillance area;acquiring measurement data, the data comprising current magnitude for all source feeders and load feeders;monitoring the at least two busbars in the surveillance area for a voltage dip in one of phase-to-phase or phase-to-neutral voltages as indication of a phase fault; and determining a defect phase having a minimum phase-to-neutral voltage; and', 'performing current analysis for the defect phase., 'on detecting a voltage dip2. Method according to claim 1 , wherein performing current analysis comprises:applying Kirchhoff's current law to determine if a detected phase fault is located outside and/or downstream of the surveillance area; andif Kirchhoff's law is valid, tripping a main circuit breaker corresponding to a load feeder having a maximum current value.3. Method according to claim 2 , wherein Kirchhoff's law is valid with a first error margin of 5% or less.4. Method according to claim 2 , wherein performing current analysis further comprises:if Kirchhoff's law is valid, and if current measurement data is available for a ...

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Номер записи: 92
06-02-2020 дата публикации

IDENTIFICATION OF FAULTY SECTION OF POWER TRANSMISSION LINE

Номер: US20200041562A1
Автор: George Neethu, NAIDU Obbalareddi Demudu
Принадлежит:

Techniques for identifying faulty sections in power transmission lines are described. A first positive sequence voltage and first positive sequence current at a first terminal of a power transmission line are computed based on a first voltage and first current at the first terminal. A second positive sequence voltage and second positive sequence current at a second terminal are computed based on a second voltage and second current. Based on the first positive sequence voltage and the first positive sequence current, a first junction voltage and first junction current from the first terminal at a junction are computed. Based on the second positive sequence voltage and the second positive sequence current, a second junction voltage and second junction current from the second terminal are computed. A ratio of a junction voltage parameter to a junction current parameter is computed. Using the ratio, the faulty section is identified. 1. A method for identifying a section of a power transmission line having a fault , the power transmission line having a first terminal , a second terminal , a first section and a second section between the first terminal and the second terminal , and a junction between first section and the second section , the first section being an overhead line section and the second section being an underground cable section , the method comprising:computing a first positive sequence voltage at the first terminal based on a first voltage at the first terminal;computing a first positive sequence current at the first terminal based on a first current at the first terminal;obtaining a second positive sequence voltage at the second terminal, wherein the second positive sequence voltage depends on a second voltage at the second terminal;obtaining a second positive sequence current at the second terminal, wherein the second positive sequence current depends on a second current at the second terminal;computing a first junction voltage and a first junction ...

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Номер записи: 93
24-02-2022 дата публикации

Triggering Circuit and Electronic Fuse Device Incorporating the Same

Номер: US20220060011A1
Автор: Herzogenrath Pekka, Yousef Sebastian
Принадлежит:

A triggering circuit and an electronic fuse device incorporating the same. The triggering circuit works with a microcontroller to control a load. The microcontroller has a low-power mode and an external interrupt input for triggering wakeup from the low-power mode and initiating an interrupt action related to the load. The triggering circuit comprises a sensor input for receiving a sensor signal related to the load, a threshold input for receiving a threshold reference signal, and a comparator for comparing the sensor signal to the threshold reference signal and for outputting an interrupt signal to the external interrupt input in response to the comparison. 1. An apparatus comprising:a triggering circuit configured to be used with a microcontroller operating in an active mode to control a load, the triggering circuit including:an external interrupt input configured to cause the microcontroller to wakeup from operating in a low-power mode to initiate an interrupt action related to the load;a sensor input configured to receive a sensor signal related to the load;a threshold input configured to receive a threshold reference signal; andcomparator configured to compare the sensor signal to the threshold reference signal in outputting an interrupt signal to the external interrupt input to cause the microcontroller to wakeup from operating in the low-power mode to initiate the interrupt action related to the load.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the microcontroller comprises an electronic fuse configured to disconnect the load from a power source in response to an overcurrent event.3. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the sensor signal is received from a current sensor claim 2 , and the sensor signal corresponds to a current drawn through a current path from the power source.4. The apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the current sensor comprises a shunt resistor or hall sensor.5. The apparatus according to claim 2 , the triggering circuit ...

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Номер записи: 94
24-02-2022 дата публикации

CIRCUIT BREAKER

Номер: US20220060012A1
Автор: Labs Alexander, STROBL CHRISTIAN
Принадлежит:

A circuit breaker has a main current path which has a controllable first switching element with a first control input that is connected to a controllable second switching element of a drive circuit. The drive circuit has a current sensor which is coupled to the main current path and which has two outputs. An electrical voltage which is applied between the two outputs is dependent on an electric current conducted by way of the main current path. Each of the outputs is connected to in each case one input of a microcontroller-free characteristic curve circuit with two further outputs, and the second switching element is operated depending on a further electrical voltage which is applied between the further outputs. A functional relationship exists between the further electrical voltage and the electrical voltage. 1. A circuit breaker , comprising:a main current path for conducting an electric current;a controllable first switching element in said main current path, said first switching element having a first control input;a microcontroller-free characteristic curve circuit having inputs and outputs;a current sensor coupled to said main current path, said current sensor having two outputs, with an electrical voltage applied between said two outputs being dependent on the electric current conducted by said main current path;each of said two outputs of said current sensor being connected to a respective input of said microcontroller-free characteristic curve circuit; anda controllable second switching element of a drive circuit connected to said first control input of said first switching element, said controllable second switching element being actuated in dependence on a further electrical voltage applied between said outputs of said characteristic curve circuit, wherein a functional relationship exists between the further electrical voltage and the electrical voltage between said two outputs of said current sensor.2. The circuit breaker according to claim 1 , wherein ...

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Номер записи: 95
07-02-2019 дата публикации

CIRCUIT FOR BREAKING ALTERNATING CURRENT

Номер: US20190044318A1
Автор: Borg Henrik, Johansson Jan
Принадлежит: Blixit Tech AB

The present invention relates to a circuit and an arrangement for breaking alternating current, the circuit comprising: an input arranged to receive an alternating current (AC); an output arranged to provide the alternating current (AC) to at least one electrical load; at least one controllable switch coupled between the input and the output; an impedance network (Z) coupled between the input and the output; and a transistor network (TN) comprising at least one transistor (T; T), the transistor network (TN) being arranged to control the at least one controllable switch, so as to control the breaking of the alternating current (AC) provided to the at least one electrical load, based on a value of at least one voltage (V; V) of at least one node of the impedance network (Z). 1100. A circuit for breaking alternating current , the circuit () comprising:an input arranged to receive an alternating current; an output arranged to provide the alternating current to at least one electrical load;at least one controllable switch coupled between the input the output;an impedance network coupled between the input and the output; anda transistor network comprising at least one transistor, the transistor network being arranged to control the at least one controllable switch, so as to control the breaking of the alternating current provided to the at least one electrical load, based on a value of at least one voltage of at least one node of the impedance network.2. The circuit according to claim 1 , wherein the impedance network is coupled according to one in the group of:between the input and the at least one controllable switch; andbetween the at least one controllable switch and the output.3. The circuit according to claim 1 , comprising a first controllable switch and a second controllable switch coupled in series with each other and being arranged between the input and the output.4. The circuit according to claim 3 , wherein the impedance network is coupled between the first ...

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Номер записи: 96
07-02-2019 дата публикации

Portable Inverter Connection Control System

Номер: US20190044324A1
Автор: Luis y Prado Hernán
Принадлежит:

A system for controlling the connection of an inverter to a load center. In one aspect, the system cooperatively connects an inverter supply to a load center. When the inverter supply is connected to the load center, the system unbonds the ground conductor of the inverter supply from the neutral conductor of the inverter supply. When the inverter supply is not connected to the load center, or is disconnected from the load center, the system bonds the ground conductor of the inverter supply to the neutral conductor of the inverter supply. The bonding and unbonding may be done by monitoring circuitry that drives a switch, or by an electro-mechanical switch integrating into a plug and that operates without monitoring circuitry. 1. A system for connecting an inverter supply to a load center , comprising: the power monitoring circuitry connects to a load center and monitors for power faults in a grid power feed connected to the load center by a grid side breaker that connects, in a first grid side breaker state, a grid power feed to the load center, wherein the grid power feed includes at least one hot conductor and a neutral conductor, and disconnects the grid power mains from the load center in a second grid side breaker state; and', 'in response to not detecting a power fault, the power monitoring circuitry connects by the switching circuitry, after a connection time delay, an inverter supply to the load center by connecting a hot conductor of the inverter supply to a hot conductor of the load center, a neutral conductor of the inverter supply to the neutral conductor of the load center, and a ground conductor of the inverter supply to a ground conductor of the load center., 'an inverter side breaker and monitor, comprising power monitoring circuitry and switching circuitry, wherein2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the inverter side breaker and monitor claim 1 , in response to detecting a power fault claim 1 , disconnects the inverter supply from the load center if ...

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Номер записи: 97
06-02-2020 дата публикации

DOWNED CONDUCTOR DETECTION

Номер: US20200044435A1
Автор: Day Timothy Robert, Paudel Madhab
Принадлежит:

Techniques for determining whether a downed conductor is present in an electrical power distribution network that includes a neutral line and a plurality of energized conductors are disclosed. For example, a sampled neutral current signal is received, the sampled current signal including a plurality of values, each of the values representing an amplitude of current that flows in of the neutral conductor at a particular time; an unfiltered current signal is generated based on the sampled current signal; the sampled current signal is filtered to generate a filtered current signal; the unfiltered current signal and the filtered current signal are compared to generate an error signal; and the error signal is analyzed to determine whether at least one of the plurality of conductors is a downed conductor. 1. A method of determining whether a downed conductor is present in an electrical power distribution network , the electrical power distribution network comprising a neutral line and a plurality of energized conductors , and the method comprising:receiving a sampled current signal, the sampled current signal comprising a plurality of values, each of the values representing an amplitude of current that flows in all of the plurality of energized conductors at a particular time and summed to produce a sampled neutral current signal;generating an unfiltered current signal based on the sampled current signal;filtering the sampled current signal to generate a filtered current signal;comparing the unfiltered current signal and the filtered current signal to generate an error signal; andanalyzing the error signal to determine whether at least one of the plurality of conductors is a downed conductor.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising filtering the error signal to generate a filtered error signal prior to analyzing the error signal.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein filtering the error signal to generate filtered error signal comprises filtering the error signal to ...

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Номер записи: 98
15-02-2018 дата публикации

ARC FAULT DETECTION ARRANGEMENT FOR A DC ELECTRIC BUS

Номер: US20180048137A1
Автор: Macerini Sauro, Mirra Mirco
Принадлежит:

An arc fault detection arrangement for a DC electric bus, the DC electric bus having one or more electric lines adapted to electrically connect a source section and a load section of an electric apparatus, the arc fault detection arrangement including an arc fault detector adapted to receive and process detection signals indicative of AC currents flowing along the electric lines. The arc fault detection arrangement comprises a current sensing device including: primary winding means including a first primary winding conductors and a second primary winding conductors adapted to be electrically connected in series with source portions and load portions of corresponding first and second line conductors of the electric lines, so that common-mode electric currents flowing along the first and second primary winding conductors generate magnetic fluxes with opposite directions; secondary winding means magnetically coupleable with the first primary winding means, the secondary winding means comprising a first secondary winding conductor electrically connected with the arc fault detector to provide the detection signals to the arc fault detector. 11212. An arc fault detection arrangement for a DC electric bus , said DC electric bus having one or more electric lines (L , L , LN) adapted to electrically connect a source section and a load section of an electric apparatus , said arc fault detection arrangement comprising an arc fault detector adapted to receive and process detection signals (DS) indicative of AC currents flowing along said electric lines (L , L , LN) characterised in that it comprises a current sensing device comprising:{'b': 1', '1', '1', '2', '2', '2', '1', '2', '1', '2', '1', '2', '1', '2', '1', '1', '1', '2', '2', '2, 'sub': 1', '2', 'N', '1', '2', 'N', 'S', 'S', 'L', 'L', '1', '2', 'N', '1', '2', 'N, 'primary winding means comprising one or more first primary winding conductors (PW, PW, PW) and one or more second primary winding conductors (PW, PW, PW) ...

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Номер записи: 99
15-02-2018 дата публикации

ARC FAULT DETECTION ARRANGEMENT FOR A DC ELECTRIC BUS

Номер: US20180048138A1
Автор: Macerini Sauro
Принадлежит:

An arc fault detection arrangement () for a DC electric bus (), said DC electric bus having a plurality of electric lines (L L LN) adapted to electrically connect a source section () and a load section () of an electric apparatus (), said arc fault detection arrangement comprising an arc fault detector () adapted to receive and process detection signals (DS) indicative of AC currents flowing along said electric lines (L L LN) characterised in that it comprises a current sensing device (). 11212. An arc fault detection arrangement for a DC electric bus , said DC electric bus having a plurality of electric lines (L , L , LN) adapted to electrically connect a source section and a load section of an electric apparatus , said arc fault detection arrangement comprising an arc fault detector adapted to receive and process detection signals (DS) indicative of AC currents flowing along said electric lines (L , L , LN) , wherein it comprises a current sensing device comprising:{'b': 1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '2, 'sub': 1', '2', 'N', 'S', 'L, 'a. primary winding means comprising a plurality of first primary winding conductors (PW, PW, PW) adapted to be electrically connected in series with source portions (C) and load portions (C) of corresponding first line conductors (C) of said electric lines (L, L, LN);'}{'b': '1', 'b. secondary winding means magnetically coupleable with said first primary winding means, said secondary winding means comprising at least a first secondary winding conductor (SW) electrically connected with said arc fault detector to provide said detection signals (DS) to said arc fault detector.'}222222212. The arc fault detection arrangement claim 1 , according to claim 1 , wherein said primary winding means comprise a plurality of second primary winding conductors (PW claim 1 , PW claim 1 , PW) adapted to be electrically connected in series with source portions (C) and load portions (C) of corresponding second line conductors (C) of said electric ...

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Номер записи: 100