MOLTEN-SALT ELECTROLYTE BATTERY DEVICE

Safe molten-salt electrolyte battery device that can quickly decrease the temperature of a molten-salt electrolyte battery when abnormal heat generation occurs in the battery is provided. A molten-salt electrolyte battery device according to the present invention is provided with a molten-salt electrolyte battery which uses a molten-salt electrolyte and includes a temperature detection means which detects the temperature of the molten-salt electrolyte battery, a cooling means which cools the molten-salt electrolyte battery with a cooling medium, and a control means into which a signal from the temperature detection means is inputted and which outputs an operation instruction to the cooling means. When the molten-salt electrolyte battery device is used, in the case where abnormal heat generation occurs in the molten-salt electrolyte battery, the molten-salt electrolyte battery is cooled by the cooling medium, and therefore, the temperature of the battery can be quickly decreased to a safe temperature. 1. A molten-salt electrolyte battery device provided with a molten-salt electrolyte battery which uses a molten-salt electrolyte , characterized by comprising:a temperature detection means which detects the temperature of the molten-salt electrolyte battery;a cooling means which cools the molten-salt electrolyte battery with a cooling medium; anda control means into which a signal from the temperature detection means is inputted and which outputs an operation instruction to the cooling means.2. The molten-salt electrolyte battery device according to claim 1 , characterized in that the device further comprises a heating means which heats the molten-salt electrolyte battery and a heating interception means which shuts off the power of the heating means claim 1 , andthe control means further outputs an operation instruction to the heating interception means.3. The molten-salt electrolyte battery device according to claim 2 , characterized in that the control means outputs ...

Flexible printed circuit board and method of manufacturing flexible printed circuit board

A flexible printed circuit board includes a base film having an insulating property, and one or more interconnects laminated to at least one surface side of the base film. At least one of the one or more interconnects includes, in a longitudinal direction, a first portion and a second portion that is a portion other than the first portion, an average thickness of the second portion being greater than an average thickness of the first portion. A ratio of the average thickness of the second portion to the average thickness of the first portion is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 50.

POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR SODIUM MOLTEN SALT BATTERIES, POSITIVE ELECTRODE FOR SODIUM MOLTEN SALT BATTERIES, AND SODIUM MOLTEN SALT BATTERY

A positive electrode active material for sodium molten salt batteries includes a sodium-containing metal oxide that can electrochemically intercalate and deintercalate sodium ions, wherein a ratio by mass of sodium carbonate is 500 ppm or less. A ratio by mass of sodium carbonate in the positive electrode active material is more preferably 100 ppm or less.

SODIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERY AND POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL PARTICLES

An object of the present invention is to reduce the gelation of a positive electrode mixture and to reduce an increase in the resistance of a positive electrode of a sodium ion secondary battery. The invention relates to a sodium ion secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator disposed between the positive and negative electrodes, and a sodium-ion-conducting nonaqueous electrolyte. The positive electrode contains positive electrode active material particles, a conductive additive, and a binder. Each positive electrode active material particle includes an oxide particle that absorbs and releases sodium ions and a covering layer covering the oxide particle. The oxide particle contains an oxide A containing Ni and Mn. The covering layer contains at least one material B selected from the group consisting of a ceramic and a carbonaceous material. The binder contains a fluorocarbon resin. 1. A sodium ion secondary battery comprising a positive electrode , a negative electrode , a separator disposed between the positive and negative electrodes , and a sodium-ion-conducting nonaqueous electrolyte ,wherein the positive electrode comprises positive electrode active material particles, a conductive additive, and a binder,each positive electrode active material particle comprises an oxide particle that absorbs and releases sodium ions and a covering layer covering the oxide particle,the oxide particle comprises an oxide A containing Ni and Mn,the covering layer comprises at least one material B selected from the group consisting of a ceramic and a carbonaceous material, andthe binder comprises a fluorocarbon resin.2. The sodium ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the material B is present in an amount of from 1 to 10 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the oxide particles.3. The sodium ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the binder is present in an amount of from 0.5 to 5 parts by mass per 100 parts by ...

MOLTEN-SALT ELECTROLYTE AND SODIUM MOLTEN-SALT BATTERY

Provided are a molten-salt electrolyte having good charge-discharge cycle characteristics and a sodium molten-salt battery using the same. The molten-salt electrolyte contains an ionic liquid whose ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum does not have an absorption peak attributable to impurities in a wavelength range of 200 to 500 nm, and a sodium salt. The sodium molten-salt battery includes a positive electrode that contains a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode that contains a negative electrode active material, and the molten-salt electrolyte. The ionic liquid is preferably a salt of an organic onium cation and a bis(sulfonyl)imide anion. 1. A molten-salt electrolyte comprising an ionic liquid whose ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum does not have an absorption peak attributable to impurities in a wavelength range of 200 nm or more and 500 nm or less; and a sodium salt.2. The molten-salt electrolyte according to claim 1 , wherein the ionic liquid is a salt of an organic onium cation and a bis(sulfonyl)imide anion.3. The molten-salt electrolyte according to claim 2 , wherein the organic onium cation has a nitrogen-containing heterocycle.4. The molten-salt electrolyte according to claim 3 , wherein the nitrogen-containing heterocycle has a pyrrolidine skeleton.5. The molten-salt electrolyte according to claim 1 , wherein the sodium salt is a salt of a sodium ion and a bis(sulfonyl)imide anion.6. A sodium molten-salt battery comprising a positive electrode that contains a positive electrode active material; a negative electrode that contains a negative electrode active material; and the molten-salt electrolyte according to . The present invention relates to a molten-salt electrolyte having sodium ion conductivity, and a sodium molten-salt battery that includes the molten-salt electrolyte. In particular, the present invention relates to an improvement of a molten-salt electrolyte.In recent years, the demand for non-aqueous electrolyte ...

BATTERY ELECTRODE AND BATTERY

Provided are a battery electrode with low internal resistance and a battery with high charge and discharge efficiency. The battery electrode includes a current collector formed of a porous metal having a three-dimensional network structure and an active material, and the active material is supported in the network structure of the current collector without using a binder resin. 1. A battery electrode comprising a current collector comprising a porous metal having a three-dimensional network structure and an active material ,wherein the active material is supported in the network structure of the current collector without using a binder resin.2. The battery electrode according to claim 1 , wherein the current collector comprises porous aluminum.3. The battery electrode according to claim 1 , wherein the active material is at least one material selected from the group consisting of NaCrO claim 1 , TiS claim 1 , NaMnF claim 1 , NaFePOF claim 1 , NaVPOF claim 1 , NaMnO claim 1 , FeF claim 1 , Sn claim 1 , Si claim 1 , graphite claim 1 , and non-graphitizable carbon.4. A battery comprising the battery electrode according to as at least any one of a positive electrode and/or and a negative electrode. The present invention relates to battery electrodes and batteries.Electronic devices such as cellular phones, mobile personal computers, and digital cameras are rapidly becoming prevalent today, and there is a rapidly growing demand for compact secondary batteries. In the field of electricity and energy, large quantities of electricity are being generated from natural energy sources such as sunlight and wind, and secondary batteries for electricity storage are essential for compensating for an unstable supply of electricity depending on the climate and weather.Secondary batteries for electronic devices and for electricity storage have been extensively researched by various organizations, and research has also been focused on the materials and structures of various components ...

POROUS METAL BODY, METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME, AND BATTERY USING THE SAME

A main object is to produce a porous metal body that can be used as a battery electrode, in particular, that can be used as a negative electrode of a molten-salt battery using sodium. The porous metal body includes a hollow metal skeleton composed of a metal layer containing nickel or copper as a main component, and an aluminum covering layer that covers at least an outer surface of the metal skeleton. The porous metal body further includes a tin covering layer that covers the aluminum covering layer, and is used as a battery electrode. Preferably, the porous metal body has continuous pores due to a three-dimensional network structure thereof, and has a porosity of 90% or more. 1. A porous metal body comprising a hollow metal skeleton composed of a metal layer containing nickel or copper as a main component and having a thickness of 4.0 μm or more; and an aluminum covering layer that covers at least an outer surface of the metal skeleton.2. The porous metal body according to claim 1 , wherein the porous metal body has continuous pores due to the skeleton having a three-dimensional network structure claim 1 , and a porosity of 90% or more.3. The porous metal body according to claim 1 , wherein the aluminum covering layer is provided on an inner surface of the hollow metal skeleton.4. The porous metal body according to claim 1 , wherein the aluminum covering layer has a thickness of 1.0 μm or more and 3.0 μm or less.5. The porous metal body according to claim 1 , further comprising a tin covering layer that covers at least a part of a surface of the aluminum covering layer.6. The porous metal body according to claim 5 , wherein the tin covering layer has a thickness of 1.5 μm or more and 9.0 μm or less.7. A battery comprising an electrode including the porous metal body according to .8. A sodium molten-salt battery comprising a negative electrode including the porous metal body according to .9. A method for producing a porous metal body comprising a step of preparing ...

MOLTEN SALT BATTERY

To provide a molten salt battery which is highly safe and has long charge/discharge cycle life. The molten salt battery of the present invention includes a negative electrode in which a negative electrode active material is predominantly composed of carbon such as hard carbon. The negative electrode active material is surface-treated for imparting hydrophilicity to the negative electrode active material to improve the affinity for the molten salt. Further, a transition metal such as iron is added to the negative electrode active material predominantly composed of hard carbon in order to enhance the affinity for the active material. The molten salt battery has higher safety in production and use and longer charge/discharge cycle life than conventional molten salt batteries using metallic sodium as an electrode. 1. A molten salt battery using a molten salt as an electrolyte , comprising:an electrode predominantly composed of carbon, the electrode being surface-treated for improving an affinity for the molten salt.2. The molten salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein a hydrophilic resin is applied onto a surface of the electrode as a surface treatment.3. The molten salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein a surface of the electrode is irradiated with an electron beam as a surface treatment.4. The molten salt battery according to any one of to claim 1 , wherein carbon as a main component of the electrode is hard carbon.5. The molten salt battery according to claim 4 , wherein a transition metal is added to the electrode. The present invention relates to a molten salt battery using a molten salt for an electrolyte.In recent years, the use of natural energies of sunlight, wind power, and others has been advanced. When electric power is generated by use of a natural energy, the electric power generation amount is easily varied because of a change in natural conditions, such as weather, and further the electric power generation amount is not easily adjusted in ...

Negative electrode composition for electric storage device, negative electrode including the composition, electric storage device, and method for producing negative electrode for electric storage device

Provided is a method for producing a negative electrode for an electric storage device, the method comprising the steps of preparing a negative electrode composition comprising a negative electrode active material that reversibly carries a sodium ion, metal sodium, and a liquid dispersion medium for dispersing them; allowing a negative electrode current collector to hold the negative electrode composition; evaporating at least part of the liquid dispersion medium from the negative electrode composition held by the negative electrode current collector, thereby giving a negative electrode precursor comprising the negative electrode active material, the metal sodium, and the negative electrode current collector; and bringing the negative electrode precursor into contact with an electrolyte having sodium ion conductivity, thereby doping the negative electrode active material with sodium eluted from the metal sodium.

Printed wiring board and method for manufacturing printed wiring board

A printed wiring board includes an insulator having a first surface, and a second surface opposite to the first surface, a through-hole penetrating from the first surface to the second surface, and a metal plated layer formed on the first and second surfaces of the insulator, and on an inner peripheral surface of the through-hole, wherein an inside diameter of the through-hole gradually decreases from the first surface toward the second surface of the insulator. An average diameter of the through-hole is 20 μm or greater and 35 μm or less at the first surface, and is 3 μm or greater and 15 μm or less at the second surface, and an average thickness of the metal plated layer formed on the first and second surfaces is 8 μm or greater and 12 μm or less.

MOLTEN-SALT BATTERY

There is provided with a molten-salt battery which can prevent relative positional displacement between a positive electrode or a negative electrode and a separator. Both faces of the negative electrodes are covered with the separators which are formed to bend along a lower end part of the respective positive electrodes. The separators respectively have a V-shaped or U-shaped cross section, a bent part is formed to have a valley-like (groove-like) shape, and the respective bent parts are disposed along a lower side of the positive electrodes. The positive electrodes having both faces covered with the respective separators as described above and the negative electrodes are laminated alternately. The dimension of the separators after being bent is made larger than that of the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes by 1 to 10%.

MOLTEN SALT BATTERY

A separator for use in a molten salt battery has the problem that due to usage specific to the molten salt battery, the separator is placed under mechanical, thermal and chemical stress, so that cracking or rupture easily occurs, leading to a degradation in battery performance such as an internal short-circuit. The molten salt battery of the present invention includes a separator containing a metal oxide, particularly aluminum oxide and/or zirconium oxide in an amount of 75% or more. The separator improves mechanical, thermal and chemical resistance, and thus an internal short-circuit ascribable to the separator is hard to occur, so that the molten salt battery can be stably operated for a long period of time. The separator has high heat stability, so that the safety of the molten salt battery can be improved. 1. A molten salt battery using a molten salt as an electrolyte , comprising:a positive electrode;a negative electrode; anda separator existing between the positive electrode and the negative electrode to isolate both the electrodes from each other, the separator containing a metal oxide material in an amount of 75% by mass or more.2. The molten salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein the separator contains aluminum oxide and/or zirconium oxide in an amount of 75% by mass or more.3. The molten salt battery according to claim 2 , wherein a remainder of components of the separator includes other metal oxides with substantially no organic compound contained.4. The molten salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein a remainder of components of the separator includes an organic compound.5. The molten salt battery according to claim 4 , wherein the organic compound is selected from a polyolefin and a polyamide.6. The molten salt battery according to claim 2 , wherein a remainder of components of the separator includes an organic compound.7. The molten salt battery according to claim 6 , wherein the organic compound is selected from a polyolefin and a polyamide. ...

LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERY, CHARGE-DISCHARGE SYSTEM AND CHARGING METHOD

A lithium ion secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a nonaqueous electrolyte, the positive electrode including a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material held on the positive electrode current collector, the positive electrode active material including a lithium-containing transition metal oxide, the negative electrode including a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material held on the negative electrode current collector, the negative electrode active material including at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium metal, lithium alloys, carbon materials, lithium-containing titanium compounds, silicon oxides, silicon alloys, zinc, zinc alloys, tin oxides and tin alloys, the nonaqueous electrolyte including a first salt formed between an organic cation and a first anion and a second salt formed between a lithium ion and a second anion. 1. A lithium ion secondary battery comprising a positive electrode , a negative electrode , a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode , and a nonaqueous electrolyte ,the positive electrode including a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material held on the positive electrode current collector, the positive electrode active material including a lithium-containing transition metal oxide,the negative electrode including a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material held on the negative electrode current collector, the negative electrode active material including at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium metal, lithium alloys, carbon materials, lithium-containing titanium compounds, silicon oxides, silicon alloys, zinc, zinc alloys, tin oxides and tin alloys,the nonaqueous electrolyte including a first salt formed ...

Power supply system for well

Provided is a power supply system capable of being used in a well over a long period of time. A power supply system for a well according to the present invention includes a secondary battery having an operating temperature range including a temperature of the inside of a well and supplying power to a device installed in the well; and a charge-discharge mechanism for charging and discharging the secondary battery, and is installed in the well. The secondary battery to be used in the power supply system may be a molten salt battery, and may include a sensor and communication apparatus.

MANUFACTURING METHOD FOR MOLTEN SALT BATTERY AND MOLTEN SALT BATTERY

Provided is a method for manufacturing a molten salt battery. The method includes a housing step (S) for housing a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a separator in a battery container; an injecting step (S) for injecting the molten salt into the battery container while heating the battery container; a closing step (S) for closing the battery container with a closing lid; a heating and drying step (S) for heating the battery container in a vacuum state with a check valve open; and a sealing step (S) for closing the check valve. In summary, the positive electrode, negative electrode, separator and molten salt are heated and dried in a vacuum state. 1. A method for producing a molten salt battery ,the method comprising:a housing step of housing a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a separator in a battery container;an injecting step of injecting a molten salt into the battery container;a closing step of closing the battery container with a closing lid provided with a gas discharge port;a heating and drying step of housing the battery container in a chamber, with the gas discharge port open, and heating the battery container under vacuum in the chamber; anda sealing step of closing the gas discharge port.2. The method for producing a molten salt battery according to claim 1 , further comprising a heating and partial charging step before carrying out the heating and drying step in which the battery container is heated.3. The method for producing a molten salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein{'sub': 2', '2, 'the molten salt contains an anion represented by N(SO—R1)(SO—R2) (R1 and R2 are each independently a fluorine atom or a fluoroalkyl group) and a cation of at least one of an alkali metal and an alkaline earth metal, and'}in the heating and drying step, the molten salt is heated to a temperature that is not lower than the melting point of the molten salt and not higher than the temperature at which the molten salt decomposes.4. The method for ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING FLUORINE COMPOUND

KN(SOF)is synthesized by adding HN(SOCl)dropwise to KF to form an intermediate product, and then allowing the intermediate product and KF to react with each other in an aqueous solvent. 1. A method for producing a fluorine compound , in which a halogen element of a halogen compound represented by the following expression (1) is substituted with fluorine , to thereby synthesize a fluorine compound represented by the following expression (2) , the method comprising: allowing the halogen compound and an alkali metal fluoride MF which is a fluoride of an alkali metal M to react with each other under solvent-free conditions to form an intermediate product , and then allowing the intermediate product and the alkali metal fluoride MF to react with each other in a polar solvent ,{'br': None, 'HN(SO2X1)(SO2X2) \u2003\u2003(1)'}{'br': None, 'MN(SO2F)2 \u2003\u2003(2)'}where X1 and X2 each independently represent any element of Cl, Br, and I; andthe alkali metal M represents any of Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs.2. The method for producing a fluorine compound according to claim 1 ,wherein, before allowing the halogen compound and the alkali metal fluoride to react with each other, moisture is removed from the alkali metal fluoride.3. The method for producing a fluorine compound according to claim 1 , wherein the polar solvent is a protonic polar solvent.4. A method for producing a fluorine compound claim 1 , in which one halogen element of a halogen compound represented by the following expression (3) is substituted with fluorine claim 1 , to thereby synthesize a fluorine compound represented by the following expression (4) claim 1 , the method comprising: [{'br': None, 'HN(SO2X)2 \u2003\u2003(3)'}, {'br': None, 'MN(SO2X)(SO2F) \u2003\u2003(4)'}], 'allowing the halogen compound and an alkali metal fluoride MF which is a fluoride of an alkali metal M to react with each other under solvent-free conditions,'}where X represents any element of Cl, Br, and I; andthe alkali metal M represents ...

SODIUM MOLTEN SALT BATTERY

A sodium molten salt battery includes a positive electrode containing a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode containing a negative electrode active material, a separator provided between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a molten salt electrolyte having sodium ion conductivity, in which the negative electrode active material contains hard carbon and is pre-doped with sodium ions, and in which when the state of charge is 0%, the potential of the negative electrode is 0.7 V or less with respect to metallic sodium. 1. A sodium molten salt battery comprising:a positive electrode containing a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode containing a negative electrode active material, a separator provided between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a molten salt electrolyte having sodium ion conductivity,wherein the negative electrode active material contains hard carbon and is pre-doped with sodium ions, andwhen the state of charge is 0%, the potential of the negative electrode is 0.7 V or less with respect to metallic sodium.2. The sodium molten salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein the molten salt electrolyte contains 80% by mass or more of an ionic liquid.3. The sodium molten salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein when the state of charge is 0% claim 1 , the pre-doping amount of the sodium ions is 6 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the negative electrode active material.4. The sodium molten salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein when the state of charge is 0% claim 1 , the potential of the negative electrode is 0.3 V or less with respect to metallic sodium.5. The sodium molten salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein when the state of charge is 0% claim 1 , the pre-doping amount of the sodium ions is equal to or more than twice the irreversible capacity of the negative electrode active material.6. The sodium molten salt battery according to claim 2 , ...

MOLTEN-SALT BATTERY AND MOLTEN-SALT BATTERY CONNECTED BODY

This molten-salt battery is provided with a battery container for housing a power generation element that contains molten salt. The battery container is provided with a container body () and a lid (). An opening (E) is provided in the upper surface of the container body (). The lid () is fitted in the opening (E) of the container body () and is welded to the container body (). A step (G) is formed to the opening (E) of the container body () along the inner edge of the container body (). By means of the step (G), the rim (A) of the lid () is supported with respect to the upper corner of side walls (A, B). Laser light is radiated from above to the rim (A) of the lid () and the upper surface of the side walls (A, B) adjacent thereto. In this way, the rim (A) of the lid () is welded to the container body (). The molten-salt battery connected body is configured from a plurality of molten-salt batteries. The molten-salt batteries are connected aligned in the horizontal direction in the state of the outer peripheral surfaces of the container bodies () of adjacent molten-salt batteries being caused to face each other. 1. A molten-salt battery comprising a battery container that houses an electric generation element containing a molten salt ,wherein the battery container includes a container body having an opening at the top thereof and a lid having a rim portion, andthe rim portion of the lid is fitted in the opening and welded to the container body.2. The molten-salt battery according to claim 1 ,wherein the opening of the container body is formed with a stepped portion along the inner peripheral edge of the container body, andthe rim portion of the lid is supported by the stepped portion.3. The molten-salt battery according to claim 1 ,wherein the opening of the container body is formed with a protrusion along the inner peripheral edge of the container body, andthe rim portion of the lid is supported by the protrusion.4. A molten-salt battery comprising a battery ...

Printed circuit board

The printed circuit board includes, a first conductive layer including copper foil, an insulating base layer, and a second conductive layer including copper foil in this order, and includes a via-hole laminate that is stacked on an inner circumference and a bottom of a connection hole extending through the first conductive layer and the base layer in a thickness direction. The via-hole laminate has an electroless copper plating layer stacked on the connection hole and an electrolytic copper plating layer stacked on the electroless copper plating layer. The copper foil has copper crystal grains oriented in a (100) plane orientation, and an average crystal grain size of copper of 10 μm or more. The electroless copper plating layer includes palladium and tin, and an amount of the palladium stacked per unit area of a surface of the copper foil is 0.18 μg/cm2 or more and 0.40 μg/cm2 or less.

MOLTEN-SALT BATTERY, CHARGE-DISCHARGE METHOD, AND CHARGE-DISCHARGE SYSTEM

A molten-salt battery includes a positive electrode including a positive-electrode active material that reversibly occludes and releases sodium, a negative electrode including a negative-electrode active material that reversibly occludes and releases sodium, a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a molten-salt electrolyte. The molten-salt electrolyte contains an ionic liquid in an amount of 90% by mass or more. The ionic liquid contains a first salt and a second salt. The first salt contains a sodium ion which is a first cation, and a first anion. The second salt contains an organic cation which is a second cation, and a second anion. The positive-electrode active material contains a composite oxide having a layered O3-type crystal structure and containing Na, Fe, and Co. An amount of Co relative to a total of Fe and Co contained in the composite oxide is 40 to 60 atomic percent. 1. A molten-salt battery comprising:a positive electrode including a positive-electrode active material that reversibly occludes and releases sodium;a negative electrode including a negative-electrode active material that reversibly occludes and releases sodium;a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; anda molten-salt electrolyte,wherein the molten-salt electrolyte contains an ionic liquid in an amount of 90% by mass or more,the ionic liquid contains a first salt and a second salt,the first salt contains a sodium ion which is a first cation, and a first anion,the second salt contains an organic cation which is a second cation, and a second anion,the positive-electrode active material contains a composite oxide having a layered O3-type crystal structure and containing Na, Fe, and Co, andan amount of Co relative to a total of Fe and Co contained in the composite oxide is 40 to 60 atomic percent.2. The molten-salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein the composite oxide is NaFeCoO(where 0.6≦x≦1 claim 1 , 0.45 ...

Molten salt battery

A molten-salt battery is provided with rectangular plate-like negative electrodes (21) and rectangular plate-like positive electrodes (41) each housed in a bag-shaped separator (31). The negative electrodes (21) and positive electrodes (41) are arranged laterally and alternately in a standing manner. A lower end of a rectangular tab (22) for collecting current is joined to an upper end of each negative electrode (21) close to a side wall (1A) of a container body (1). The upper ends of the tabs (22) are joined to the lower surface of a rectangular plate-like tab lead (23). A lower end of a rectangular tab (42) for collecting current is joined to an upper end of each positive electrode (41) close to a side wall (1B) of the container body (1). The upper ends of the tabs (42) are joined to the lower surface of a rectangular plate-like tab lead (43).

Printed wiring board production method and printed wiring board production apparatus

A printed wiring board production method that forms a base film and a conductive pattern on the base film by an additive method or a subtractive method, includes a plating process that electroplates the conductive pattern on a surface of the base film, wherein the plating process includes a shield plate arranging process that arranges a shield plate between an anode and a printed wiring board substrate that forms a cathode, and a substrate arranging process that arranges the printed wiring board substrate in a plating tank, and wherein a distance between the shield plate and the printed wiring board substrate is 50 mm or greater and 150 mm or less.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING POROUS METAL BODY, POROUS ALUMINUM BODY, BATTERY ELECTRODE MATERIAL INCLUDING POROUS METAL BODY OR POROUS ALUMINUM BODY, AND ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR ELECTRICAL DOUBLE LAYER CAPACITOR

A porous metal body containing continuous pores and having a low oxygen content is provided by decomposing a porous resin body that contains continuous pores and has a layer of a metal thereon by heating the porous resin body at a temperature equal to or less than the melting point of the metal while the porous resin body is immersed in a first molten salt and a negative potential is applied to the metal layer; and a method for producing the porous metal body is provided.

Magnesium alloy member and method of manufacturing the same

A magnesium alloy member having mechanical properties and corrosion resistance and a method of manufacturing the magnesium alloy member are provided. A magnesium alloy member has a base material made of a magnesium alloy, and an anticorrosive film formed on the base material. The base material is a rolled magnesium alloy including 5 to 11% by mass of Al. By using a base material including a large amount of Al, a magnesium alloy member having excellent mechanical properties and high corrosion resistance can be produced. In addition, by using a rolled material, the number of surface defects at the time of casting is small, and the frequency of compensation processes such as undercoating and puttying can be reduced.

Aqueous solution electrolyte secondary battery

An aqueous solution electrolyte secondary battery includes: a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material that reversibly occludes and releases lithium ions; a negative electrode including a negative electrode active material that reversibly occludes and releases lithium ions; and an aqueous solution electrolyte in which a lithium salt is dissolved. The negative electrode active material contains Mo, at least part of the Mo causes an oxidation-reduction reaction of Mo3+/Mo6+ through charging and discharging, and a potential window for charging and discharging exceeds 2.0 V.

MOLTEN SALT BATTERY DEVICE, AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING TEMPERATURE OF MOLTEN SALT BATTERY

In a molten salt battery device, molten salt batteries are arranged in a container to cause a space to be present around the molten salt batteries, and a heating medium is filled into the space around the molten salt batteries. When an electrothermal heater is used to control the temperature of the heating medium through a temperature controlling section, the heating medium is caused to flow. Between the flowing heating medium and the molten salt batteries, heat is exchanged, whereby the molten salt battery device controls the temperature of the molten salt batteries. Since the molten salt batteries attain the heat exchange with the heating medium, which surrounds the batteries, the internal temperature thereof is evenly controlled. Moreover, the molten salt battery device makes it possible to lower the temperature of the heating medium to cool the molten salt batteries easily.

MOLTEN SALT BATTERY

A plurality of rectangular plate-like negative electrodes and a plurality of rectangular plate-like positive electrodes are laterally stacked so as to face each other alternately with rectangular plate-like separators being respectively interposed therebetween, and are housed in a battery container formed of an aluminum alloy. The inner surface of the battery container is insulated by forming an alumite coating film thereon. Rectangular tabs (lead wires) for drawing a current from the positive electrodes are connected to one another via a tab lead, and rectangular tabs for drawing a current from the negative electrodes are connected to one another via a tab lead. 1. A molten salt battery comprising a positive electrode and a negative electrode housed in a battery container formed of a conductor , the positive electrode and the negative electrode facing each other with a separator interposed therebetween , the separator containing a molten salt , wherein the battery container is insulated against the positive electrode and the negative electrode;one or more of the positive electrodes, and a plurality of the separators and negative electrodes are included, respectively;the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes are stacked alternately, with negative electrodes placed at both ends in the stacking direction; andthe positive electrodes and the negative electrodes are connected to one another in parallel, respectively.2. The molten salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein an insulating film is formed partially or entirely on the inner surface of the battery container.3. The molten salt battery according to claim 2 , wherein the insulating film is an alumite coating film.4. The molten salt battery according to claim 2 , wherein the insulating film is formed of a fluororesin.5. The molten salt battery according to claim 2 , wherein the insulating film contains at least one of a polyolefin resin claim 2 , a polyester resin claim 2 , a polycarbonate (PC) resin and ...

Printed circuit board and method for manufacturing printed circuit board

A printed circuit board according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a base film having an insulating property, and a conductive pattern that is stacked on at least one surface of the base film and that includes a plurality of wiring parts arranged in parallel. The plurality of wiring parts have an average width of 5 μm or more and 15 μm or less. The plurality of wiring parts have an electroless plating layer and an electroplating layer stacked on the electroless plating layer. A void density at an interface between the electroless plating layer and the electroplating layer in a section of the plurality of wiring parts in a thickness direction is 0.01 μm2/μm or less.

Sodium molten salt battery

Provided is a sodium molten-salt battery having good charge-discharge cycle characteristics. The sodium molten-salt battery includes a positive electrode that contains a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode that contains a negative electrode active material, and a molten-salt electrolyte that contains a sodium salt and an ionic liquid that dissolves the sodium salt. The negative electrode active material contains non-graphitizable carbon. The ionic liquid is a salt of a bis(sulfonyl)imide anion and a first onium cation that does not cause a Faradaic reaction with the non-graphitizable carbon. The molten-salt electrolyte contains a second onium cation in an amount of 1,000 ppm by mass or less. The second onium cation is represented by a general formula (1): R1R2R3R4N+ where R1 to R4 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.

Capacitor, and method for producing the same

A capacitor has a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a solid electrolyte layer arranged between the electrode layers. At least one of the electrode layers of this capacitor has an Al porous body, and an electrode body held in this Al porous body to polarize the electrolyte. The oxygen content in the surface of the Al porous body is 3.1% by mass or less. The matter that the oxygen content in the surface of the Al porous body is 3.1% by mass or less is equal to the matter that a high-resistance oxide film is hardly formed on the surface of the Al porous body. Thus, this Al porous body makes it possible to make the current collector area of the electrode layer large so that the capacitor can be improved in capacity.

MAGNESIUM ALLOY MEMBER AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

There is provided a magnesium alloy member having mechanical properties and corrosion resistance and a method of manufacturing the magnesium alloy member. A magnesium alloy member has a base material made of a magnesium alloy, and an anticorrosive film formed on the base material. The base material is a rolled magnesium alloy including 5 to 11% by mass of Al. By using a base material including a large amount of Al, a magnesium alloy member having excellent mechanical properties and high corrosion resistance can be produced. In addition, by using a rolled material, the number of surface defects at the time of casting is small, and the frequency of compensation processes such as undercoating and puttying can be reduced.

SODIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERY

A sodium ion secondary battery includes a positive electrode containing a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode containing a negative electrode active material, a separator provided between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolyte, the positive electrode active material containing a sodium-containing transition metal oxide that reversibly intercalates and deintercalates sodium ions, in the sodium-containing transition metal oxide in a fully charged state, the ratio of sodium atoms to transition metal atoms, i.e., Na/M, satisfying Na/M≦0.3, and the ratio of the total Cof the reversible capacity and the irreversible capacity of the negative electrode to the total Cof the reversible capacity and the irreversible capacity of the positive electrode, i.e., C/C, satisfying 1≦C/C. 1. A sodium ion secondary battery comprising:a positive electrode containing a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode containing a negative electrode active material, a separator provided between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolyte,the electrolyte being a nonaqueous electrolyte containing sodium ions,the positive electrode active material containing a sodium-containing transition metal oxide that reversibly intercalates and deintercalates sodium ions,the negative electrode active material containing at least one selected from the group consisting of a first material that reversibly intercalates and deintercalates sodium ions and a second material that is alloyed with sodium,{'sub': T', 'T, 'in the sodium-containing transition metal oxide in a fully charged state, the ratio of sodium atoms to transition metal atoms, i.e., Na/M, satisfying Na/M≦0.3, and'}{'sub': nt', 'pt', 'nt', 'pt', 'nt', 'pt, 'the ratio of the total Cof the reversible capacity and the irreversible capacity of the negative electrode to the total Cof the reversible capacity and the irreversible capacity of the positive electrode, i.e ...

MOLTEN SALT BATTERY CASE, AND MOLTEN SALT BATTERY

The case for a molten salt battery is used for a molten salt battery containing as an electrolyte a molten salt containing sodium ions. The case is formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy containing 90% by mass or more of aluminum.

Base material for printed interconnect boards and manufacturing method of printed interconnect boards

A base material for printed interconnect boards according to one aspect of the present invention includes a base film; and at least one conductive layer that is layered on the base film. The base material for printed interconnect boards includes a product in which a plurality of interconnect board pieces are regularly arrayed in plan view and includes an outer frame region surrounding the product. The outer frame region includes a proximity region within 5 mm from an outer edge of the product and includes an outside region other than the proximity region. A layered conductive layer area rate of the proximity region is smaller than a layered conductive layer area rate of the product.

Flexible printed circuit board and method of manufacturing same

A flexible printed circuit board includes: a base film having a hole for forming a through hole; and a coil-shaped wiring layer layered on at least one surface side of the base film, wherein the wiring layer includes a land portion arranged at an inner peripheral surface of the hole and at a peripheral portion of the hole of the base film, and a winding portion arranged in a spiral shape with the land portion as an inside end portion or an outside end portion, wherein the winding portion includes a first winding portion that is an outermost circumference and a second winding portion that is inside relative to the outermost circumference, and wherein a ratio of an average thickness of the land portion to an average thickness of the second winding portion is 1.1 or more and 5 or less.

MOLTEN SALT BATTERY

The molten salt used as an electrolyte of a molten salt battery is a mixed salt between a salt in which the anion is an ion represented by [R1-SO—N—SO—R]— such as FSA ion and the cation is Na ion, and a salt in which the cation is an alkali metal ion other than Na ion or an alkaline earth metal ion. The active material of a positive electrode 1 is a metal oxide represented by NaM1M2O(wherein M1 is Fe or Ni, M2 is Mn or Ti, 0 Подробнее

NEGATIVE ELECTRODE COMPOSITION FOR ELECTRIC STORAGE DEVICE, NEGATIVE ELECTRODE INCLUDING THE COMPOSITION, ELECTRIC STORAGE DEVICE, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING NEGATIVE ELECTRODE FOR ELECTRIC STORAGE DEVICE

Provided is a method for producing a negative electrode for an electric storage device, the method comprising the steps of: preparing a negative electrode composition comprising a negative electrode active material that reversibly carries a sodium ion, metal sodium, and a liquid dispersion medium for dispersing them; allowing a negative electrode current collector to hold the negative electrode composition; evaporating at least part of the liquid dispersion medium from the negative electrode composition held by the negative electrode current collector, thereby giving a negative electrode precursor comprising the negative electrode active material, the metal sodium, and the negative electrode current collector; and bringing the negative electrode precursor into contact with an electrolyte having sodium ion conductivity, thereby doping the negative electrode active material with sodium eluted from the metal sodium. 1. A negative electrode composition for an electric storage device comprising: a negative electrode active material that reversibly carries a sodium ion; and metal sodium.2. The negative electrode composition for an electric storage device according to claim 1 , wherein the metal sodium is in a form of a metal sodium particle.3. The negative electrode composition for an electric storage device according to claim 1 , wherein the negative electrode composition contains the metal sodium in an amount corresponding to 10 to 200% of an irreversible capacity of the negative electrode active material.4. The negative electrode composition for an electric storage device according to claim 1 , wherein at least part of the negative electrode active material and at least part of the metal sodium are mixed.5. The negative electrode composition for an electric storage device according to claim 1 , wherein the metal sodium has an average particle diameter D of 10 to 60 μm.6. The negative electrode composition for an electric storage device according to claim 1 , wherein ...

Printed circuit board

A printed circuit board according to one aspect of the present invention includes an insulating layer having a through-hole, a conductive layer laminated on an inner circumferential surface of the through-hole, and metal plating layers laminated on a surface of the conductive layer facing opposite the insulating layer and laminated on both surfaces of the insulating layer, wherein an average thickness of the insulating layer is greater than or equal to 5 μm and less than or equal to 50 μm, wherein an average thickness of the metal plating layers is greater than or equal to 3 μm and less than or equal to 50 μm, wherein a hole diameter of the through-hole gradually increases from a first end of the through-hole at one surface of the insulating layer to a second end of the through-hole at another surface of the insulating layer, wherein the hole diameter of the through-hole at the first end is greater than or equal to 1.5 times, and less than or equal to 2.5 times, the average thickness of ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING NEGATIVE ELECTRODE PRECURSOR MATERIAL FOR BATTERY, NEGATIVE ELECTRODE PRECURSOR MATERIAL FOR BATTERY, AND BATTERY

A negative electrode precursor material is provided for preparing a negative electrode, which has a reduced thickness, good current collecting performance, and suppresses deformation and generation of dendrites during operation. A molten salt battery comprises a positive electrode formed by providing an active material film on an Al current collector, a separator comprising a glass cloth impregnated with a molten salt as an electrolyte, and the negative electrode formed by providing a Zn film and an active material film on an Al, current collector, which are respectively contained in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped Al case. The active material absorbs and releases Na ions contained in the molten salt. 1. A method for producing a negative electrode precursor material for a battery , comprising:a step of forming a zinc film on a surface of a current collector made of aluminum by zinc substitution plating, anda tin plating step of tin-plating a surface of a formed zinc film to form a tin-plated film.2. The method for producing a negative electrode precursor material for a battery according to claim 1 , comprising a step of diffusing zinc toward the current collector after the tin plating step.3. The method for producing a negative electrode precursor material for a battery according to claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the tin-plated film formed by the tin plating step is 0.5 μm or more and 600 μm or less.4. The method for producing a negative electrode precursor material for a battery according to claim 1 , wherein the diameter of a crystal grain in the tin-plated film formed by the tin plating step is 1 μm or less.5. The method for producing a negative electrode precursor material for a battery according to claim 1 , wherein in the tin-plated film formed by the tin plating step claim 1 , the ratio of the difference between the maximum value or minimum value of the film thickness and the mean value thereof to the mean value is within 20%.6. A negative ...

ELECTROLYTIC SOLUTION FOR SODIUM-ION SECONDARY BATTERY AND SODIUM-ION SECONDARY BATTERY

Provided are an electrolytic solution for sodium-ion secondary battery, the solution having sodium-ion conductivity, and including a sodium salt and a non-aqueous solvent, wherein the non-aqueous solvent includes a fluorophosphate ester and propylene carbonate, and a content of the fluorophosphate ester in the non-aqueous solvent is 5 to 50 mass %; and a sodium-ion secondary battery including the same.

MOLTEN SALT BATTERY

A separator () of a molten salt battery is impregnated with a molten salt that serves as the electrolyte. The molten salt contains, as cations, at least one kind of ions selected from among quaternary ammonium ions, imidazolium ions, imidazolinium ions, pyridinium ions, pyrrolidinium ions, piperidinium ions, morpholinium ions, phosphonium ions, piperazinium ions and sulfonium ions in addition to sodium ions. These cations do not have adverse effects on a positive electrode (). In addition, the melting point of the molten salt, which contains sodium ions and the above-mentioned cations, is significantly lower than the operating temperature of sodium-sulfur batteries, said operating temperature being 280-360 DEG C. Consequently, the molten salt battery is capable of operating at lower temperatures than sodium-sulfur batteries. 2. The molten-salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein the molten salt comprises claim 1 , as cation claim 1 , the sodium ion as well as the quaternary ammonium ion in which R claim 1 , R claim 1 , Rand Rof formula (2) are the same or different from each other and each of them is the alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms.3. The molten-salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein the molten salt comprises claim 1 , as cation claim 1 , the sodium ion as well as the imidazolium ion in which one of Rand Rof formula (3) is the methyl group and the other one is the alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms.4. The molten-salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein the molten salt comprises claim 1 , as cation claim 1 , the sodium ion as well as the pyrrolidinium ion in which one of Rand Rof formula (6) is the methyl group and the other one is the alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms.5. The molten-salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein the molten salt comprises claim 1 , as cation claim 1 , the sodium ion as well as the piperidinium ion in which one of Rand Rof formula (7) is the methyl group and the other one is the alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms.6. ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING IMIDE SALT

A mixture of sulphamic acid, a halogenated sulphonic acid and thionyl chloride is heated to allow the reaction to proceed, to thereby produce first intermediate products. The first intermediate products are then subjected to reaction with an alkali metal fluoride MF to produce second intermediate products. The second intermediate products is then subjected to reaction with the alkali metal fluoride MF in a polar solvent to obtain a desired product MN(SOF)(where M is an alkali metal). 1. A method for producing an imide salt represented by MN(SOF)(where M is an alkali metal) , comprising:a first step of producing first intermediate products by heating a mixture of sulphamic acid, a halogenated sulphonic acid and thionyl chloride to allow reaction to proceed;a second step of producing second intermediate products by adding, in the absence of solvent, an alkali metal fluoride MF to the first intermediate products from which unreacted thionyl chloride has been removed to allow reaction to proceed; anda third step of producing the imide salt by subjecting the second intermediate products to reaction with the alkali metal fluoride MF in a polar solvent.2. The method for producing an imide salt according to claim 1 , wherein:an amount of the alkali metal fluoride MF subjected to the reaction in the second step is in excess to an amount of the first intermediate products in terms of molar amount.3. The method for producing an imide salt according to claim 1 , wherein:the imide salt is isolated by solvent extraction from a dried substance obtained by removing the polar solvent from third intermediate products obtained in the third step.4. The method for producing an imide salt according to claim 1 , wherein:moisture is removed from the alkali metal fluoride MF prior to the reaction of the first intermediate products with the alkali metal fluoride MF.5. The method for producing an imide salt according to claim 1 , wherein:the polar solvent is a protic polar solvent.6. The ...

MOLTEN SALT BATTERY

A molten-salt battery is provided with rectangular plate-like negative electrodes () and rectangular plate-like positive electrodes () each housed in a bag-shaped separator (). The negative electrodes () and positive electrodes () are arranged laterally and alternately in a standing manner. A lower end of a rectangular tab () for collecting current is joined to an upper end of each negative electrode () close to a side wall (A) of a container body (). The upper ends of the tabs () are joined to the lower surface of a rectangular plate-like tab lead (). A lower end of a rectangular tab () for collecting current is joined to an upper end of each positive electrode () close to a side wall (B) of the container body (). The upper ends of the tabs () are joined to the lower surface of a rectangular plate-like tab lead (). 1. A molten-salt battery comprising:a positive electrode and a negative electrode; anda separator containing a molten salt and provided between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, whereineach of the separator, the positive electrode, and the negative electrode is part of a plurality of separators, a plurality of positive electrodes, and a plurality of negative electrodes, respectively,the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes are stacked alternately, andthe positive electrodes are connected in parallel to each other and the negative electrodes are connected in parallel to each other.2. The molten-salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein the positive electrodes each have a thickness of 0.1 mm to 5 mm.3. The molten-salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein the positive electrodes each have a thickness of 0.5 mm to 2 mm.4. The molten-salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein the separators are each formed in a bag-like shape and house one of the positive electrodes therein.5. The molten-salt battery according to claim 1 , further comprising:a battery container housing the separators, the positive electrodes, and the negative ...

Display device and manufacturing method of display device

A manufacturing substrate, on which a lamination is formed, is disposed on a first substrate. The lamination includes a first sheet substrate having flexibility and adhered to the first substrate, an organic layer that emits light such that brightness is controlled in each of a plurality of pixels forming an image in a display area, and a sealing layer. A light blocking area that does not overlap the display area in a plan view is formed on the first substrate, and after the first substrate is irradiated with light on a side that opposite to the sheet substrate, the first substrate is delaminated from the first sheet substrate.

Method for producing imide salt

A mixture of sulphamic acid, a halogenated sulphonic acid and thionyl chloride is heated to allow the reaction to proceed, to thereby produce first intermediate products. The first intermediate products are then subjected to reaction with an alkali metal fluoride MF to produce second intermediate products. The second intermediate products is then subjected to reaction with the alkali metal fluoride MF in a polar solvent to obtain a desired product MN(SO2F)2 (where M is an alkali metal).

Printed wiring board and manufacturing method thereof

A printed wiring board according to an aspect of the present invention includes a base film having insulation properties and a conductive pattern including multiple wiring portions laminated, the conductive pattern running on at least one surface of the base film, wherein each wiring portion includes a first conductive portion and a second conductive portion coating an outer surface of the first conductive portion, wherein an average width of each wiring portion is 10 μm or greater to 50 μm or smaller, and an average thickness of the second conductive portion is 1 μn or greater to smaller than 8.5 μm.

NEGATIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR BATTERY, NEGATIVE ELECTRODE PRECURSOR MATERIAL FOR BATTERY, AND BATTERY

In a molten salt battery , a positive electrode including an active material film arranged on an Al collector , a separator formed of a glass cloth impregnated with a molten salt serving as an electrolyte, and a negative electrode including an active material film and a Zn film arranged on an Al collector are accommodated in an Al case . The active material film contains an active material composed of a Sn—Na alloy. The active material film and the active material film occlude and emit Na ions of the molten salt. Thereby, provided are a negative electrode material for a battery, the negative electrode material having higher hardness on a surface side (active material side) than a Na negative electrode during the operation of the battery, suppressing the formation of Na dendrites. 1. A negative electrode material for a battery , comprising: a metal collector; andan active material composed of an alloy of Na and at least one selected from the group consisting of Sn, Si, and In.2. The negative electrode material for a battery according to claim 1 , wherein the amount of Na serving as the active material at full charge is in the range of 50 atomic percent to 99.9 atomic percent with respect to the total amount of atoms of the active material.3. A negative electrode precursor material for a battery claim 1 , comprising:a metal collector; andan active material containing at least one selected from the group consisting of Sn, Si, and In.4. A battery comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'a negative electrode composed of the negative electrode material for a battery according to the ;'}a positive electrode; andan electrolyte including a molten salt that contains cations including Na ions. This application is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/JP2011/054611, filed on Mar. 1, 2011, which claims the benefit of priority from Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-056352, filed on Mar. 12, 2010, each of which is hereby incorporated by ...

Method for producing porous metal body, porous aluminum body, battery electrode material including porous metal body or porous aluminum body, and electrode material for electrical double layer capacitor

A porous metal body containing continuous pores and having a low oxygen content is provided by decomposing a porous resin body that contains continuous pores and has a layer of a metal thereon by heating the porous resin body at a temperature equal to or less than the melting point of the metal while the porous resin body is immersed in a first molten salt and a negative potential is applied to the metal layer; and a method for producing the porous metal body is provided.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING SEPARATOR, METHOD FOR PRODUCING MOLTEN SALT BATTERY, SEPARATOR, AND MOLTEN SALT BATTERY

A separator of a molten salt battery made of a porous resin sheet. The separator is improved in wettability to a molten salt by giving hydrophilicity to the resin sheet. In the case of a fluororesin sheet, the sheet is impregnated with water, and irradiated with ultraviolet rays so that C—F bonds in the fluororesin are cleaved and the resultant reacts with water to generate hydrophilic groups, such as OH groups, in each surface layer thereof. The separator gains hydrophilicity through the hydrophilic groups. The separator made of the resin can be made into a bag form. In a molten salt battery having the bag-form separator, the growth of a dendrite is prevented. 1. A method for producing a separator in a sheet form for separating paired electrodes from each other in a molten salt battery using a molten salt as an electrolyte , wherein hydrophilicity is given to a porous resin sheet comprising , as a raw material thereof , a resin resistant against the molten salt.2. The method for producing a separator according to claim 1 , wherein the resin sheet is a fluororesin sheet claim 1 , in the state that the fluororesin sheet is impregnated with water claim 1 , the fluororesin sheet is irradiated with ultraviolet rays having an energy not less than an energy necessary for cleaving C—F bonds in the fluororesin to substitute F groups exposed to each surface of the fluororesin sheet with oxygen-containing groups claim 1 , thereby setting the elemental ratio of oxygen present in a layer of the surface of the fluororesin sheet into the range of 1 atomic percent or more and 15 atomic percent or less.3. The method for producing a separator according to claim 2 , wherein before the fluororesin sheet is impregnated with the water claim 2 , the fluororesin sheet is immersed in a hydrophilic organic solvent.4. The method for producing a separator according to claim 2 , wherein the amount of the F groups to be substituted with the oxygen-containing groups is adjusted in such a manner ...

Printed circuit board and method of manufacturing a printed circuit board

A printed circuit board according to one embodiment of the present invention is a printed circuit board including a plate-shaped or a sheet-shaped insulating material having a penetrating hole, and a metal plating layer layered on both surfaces of the insulating material and an inner peripheral surface of the insulating material, wherein an inner diameter of the penetrating hole monotonically decreases from a top surface of the insulating material toward a back surface, and wherein the inner diameter of the penetrating hole at a center in a thickness direction of the insulating material is smaller than an average of an opening diameter on the top side and an opening diameter on the back side.

Manufacturing method for molten salt battery and molten salt battery

Provided is a method for manufacturing a molten salt battery. The method includes a housing step (S100) for housing a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a separator in a battery container; an injecting step (S110) for injecting the molten salt into the battery container while heating the battery container; a closing step (S120) for closing the battery container with a closing lid; a heating and drying step (S130) for heating the battery container in a vacuum state with a check valve open; and a sealing step (S150) for closing the check valve. In summary, the positive electrode, negative electrode, separator and molten salt are heated and dried in a vacuum state.

NEGATIVE ELECTRODE COMPOSITION FOR ELECTRIC STORAGE DEVICE, NEGATIVE ELECTRODE INCLUDING THE COMPOSITION, ELECTRIC STORAGE DEVICE, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING NEGATIVE ELECTRODE FOR ELECTRIC STORAGE DEVICE

Provided is a method for producing a negative electrode for an electric storage device, the method comprising the steps of: preparing a negative electrode composition comprising a negative electrode active material that reversibly carries a sodium ion, metal sodium, and a liquid dispersion medium for dispersing them; allowing a negative electrode current collector to hold the negative electrode composition; evaporating at least part of the liquid dispersion medium from the negative electrode composition held by the negative electrode current collector, thereby giving a negative electrode precursor comprising the negative electrode active material, the metal sodium, and the negative electrode current collector; and bringing the negative electrode precursor into contact with an electrolyte having sodium ion conductivity, thereby doping the negative electrode active material with sodium eluted from the metal sodium. 1. A negative electrode composition for an electric storage device comprising: a negative electrode active material that reversibly carries a sodium ion; and metal sodium.2. The negative electrode composition for an electric storage device according to claim 1 , wherein the metal sodium is in a form of a metal sodium particle.3. The negative electrode composition for an electric storage device according to claim 1 , wherein the negative electrode composition contains the metal sodium in an amount corresponding to 10 to 200% of an irreversible capacity of the negative electrode active material.4. The negative electrode composition for an electric storage device according to claim 1 , wherein at least part of the negative electrode active material and at least part of the metal sodium are mixed.5. The negative electrode composition for an electric storage device according to claim 1 , wherein the metal sodium has an average particle diameter D of 10 to 60 μm.6. The negative electrode composition for an electric storage device according to claim 1 , wherein ...

SODIUM MOLTEN SALT BATTERY

Provided is a sodium molten-salt battery having good charge-discharge cycle characteristics. The sodium molten-salt battery includes a positive electrode that contains a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode that contains a negative electrode active material, and a molten-salt electrolyte that contains a sodium salt and an ionic liquid that dissolves the sodium salt. The negative electrode active material contains non-graphitizable carbon. The ionic liquid is a salt of a bis(sulfonyl)imide anion and a first onium cation that does not cause a Faradaic reaction with the non-graphitizable carbon. The molten-salt electrolyte contains a second onium cation in an amount of 1,000 ppm by mass or less. The second onium cation is represented by a general formula (1): RRRRN where Rto Rare each independently a hydrogen atom or a methyl group. 1. A sodium molten-salt battery comprising:a positive electrode that contains a positive electrode active material;a negative electrode that contains a negative electrode active material; anda molten-salt electrolyte that contains a sodium salt and an ionic liquid that dissolves the sodium salt,wherein the negative electrode active material contains non-graphitizable carbon,the ionic liquid is a salt of a bis(sulfonyl)imide anion and a first onium cation that does not cause a Faradaic reaction with the non-graphitizable carbon,{'sup': 1', '2', '3', '4', '+, 'the molten-salt electrolyte contains a second onium cation in an amount of 1,000 ppm by mass or less, and the second onium cation is represented by a general formula (1): RRRRN'}{'sup': 1', '4, 'where Rto Rare each independently a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.'}2. The sodium molten-salt battery according to claim 1 ,wherein the first onium cation is a nitrogen-containing onium cation, andthe molten-salt electrolyte contains the second onium cation in an amount of 5 to 500 ppm by mass.3. The sodium molten-salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein the first onium ...

SODIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERY

A sodium ion secondary battery includes an electrode group including a positive electrode and a negative electrode; an electrolyte, the electrode group being impregnated with the electrolyte; a case including a container with an opening portion and a sealing plate that closes the opening portion: and one or more insulating members, in which the electrolyte contains a molten salt, the molten salt contains cations and anions, the cations include a sodium ion and an organic cation, and all the insulating members are composed of a fluorine atom-free material. 1. A sodium ion secondary battery comprising:an electrode group including a positive electrode and a negative electrode;an electrolyte, the electrode group being impregnated with the electrolyte;a case including a container with an opening portion and a sealing plate that closes the opening portion; andone or more insulating members,wherein the electrolyte contains a molten salt,the molten salt contains cations and anions,the cations include a sodium ion and an organic cation, andall the insulating members are composed of a fluorine atom-free material.2. The sodium ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , further comprising:an external terminal electrically connected to the positive electrode or the negative electrode,wherein the external terminal is partially exposed outside the case, a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode,', 'a frame interposed between the sealing plate and the electrode group, and', 'a gasket that insulates the external terminal from the case., 'wherein the insulating members include'}3. The sodium ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the insulating members include an insulating sheet that covers at least part of a surface of the electrode group.4. The sodium ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the negative electrode includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode mixture adhering to a surface ...

Electrode for sodium molten-salt battery and sodium molten-salt battery

Provided is an electrode for a sodium molten-salt battery in which degradation of the electrode can be suppressed even when charging and discharging are repeated, and which has excellent cycle characteristics. The electrode for a sodium molten-salt battery includes a current collector and an electrode mixture adhering to a surface of the current collector, in which the electrode mixture includes an electrode active material and a binder containing a polymer, and the polymer does not contain a fluorine atom. The polymer can include, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of polyamide resins and polyimide resins or at least one selected from the group consisting of acrylic resins, rubber-like polymers, and cellulose derivatives.

POROUS METAL BODY, METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME, AND MOLTEN-SALT BATTERY

A porous metal body includes a porous skeleton that forms a three-dimensional network structure and includes an aluminum layer having a thickness of 1 to 100 μm, and tin layers disposed on an internal surface and an external surface of the aluminum layer. Such a porous metal body can be produced by an internal-tin-layer formation step of forming a tin layer on a surface of a resin molded body having a three-dimensional network structure; an aluminum-skeleton formation step of forming an aluminum layer serving as an aluminum skeleton on a surface of the internal tin layer; an external-tin-layer formation step of forming a tin layer on a surface of the aluminum skeleton; and a resin removal step of removing the resin molded body, the resin removal step being performed after the aluminum-skeleton formation step or after the external-tin-layer formation step. 1. A porous metal body comprising:a porous skeleton that forms a three-dimensional network structure and includes an aluminum layer having a thickness of 1 to 100 μm, andtin layers disposed on an internal surface and an external surface of the aluminum layer.2. The porous metal body according to claim 1 , wherein the tin layers have a thickness of 0.5 μm or more and less than 10 μm.3. A method for producing a porous metal body claim 1 , comprising:an internal-tin-layer formation step of forming a tin layer on a surface of a resin molded body having a three-dimensional network structure;an aluminum-skeleton formation step of forming an aluminum layer serving as an aluminum skeleton on a surface of the internal tin layer;an external-tin-layer formation step of forming a tin layer on a surface of the aluminum skeleton; anda resin removal step of removing the resin molded body, the resin removal step being performed after the aluminum-skeleton formation step or after the external-tin-layer formation step.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the resin removal step includes a nitric-acid treatment process of ...

Flexible printed circuit board and method for producing the same

A flexible printed circuit board according to an aspect is a flexible printed circuit board including a base film and a wiring layer disposed on at least one surface of the base film and having a plurality of wiring lines. The wiring lines have an average line width of 30 μm or less and an average spacing of 30 μm or less. The wiring lines have a copper-based plating layer. The copper-based plating layer has an electrical resistivity of more than 1.68×10−8 Ω·m.

Molten salt battery case, and molten salt battery

The case for a molten salt battery is used for a molten salt battery containing as an electrolyte a molten salt containing sodium ions. The case is formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy containing 90% by mass or more of aluminum.

NEGATIVE ELECTRODE COMPOSITION FOR ELECTRIC STORAGE DEVICE, NEGATIVE ELECTRODE INCLUDING THE COMPOSITION, ELECTRIC STORAGE DEVICE, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING NEGATIVE ELECTRODE FOR ELECTRIC STORAGE DEVICE

Provided is a method for producing a negative electrode for an electric storage device, the method comprising the steps of preparing a negative electrode composition comprising a negative electrode active material that reversibly carries a sodium ion, metal sodium, and a liquid dispersion medium for dispersing them; allowing a negative electrode current collector to hold the negative electrode composition; evaporating at least part of the liquid dispersion medium from the negative electrode composition held by the negative electrode current collector, thereby giving a negative electrode precursor comprising the negative electrode active material, the metal sodium, and the negative electrode current collector; and bringing the negative electrode precursor into contact with an electrolyte having sodium ion conductivity, thereby doping the negative electrode active material with sodium eluted from the metal sodium.

Negative electrode for sodium molten salt battery, method for producing same, and sodium molten salt battery

An aspect of the present invention relates to a negative electrode for a sodium molten salt battery, the negative electrode including a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode mixture layer arranged on a surface of the negative electrode current collector, the negative electrode mixture layer including negative electrode active material particles and a film arranged on a surface of each of the negative electrode active material particles, the negative electrode active material particles containing hard carbon, and the film containing a sodium-containing sulfide.

Sodium ion secondary battery and positive electrode active material particles

An object of the present invention is to reduce the gelation of a positive electrode mixture and to reduce an increase in the resistance of a positive electrode of a sodium ion secondary battery. The invention relates to a sodium ion secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator disposed between the positive and negative electrodes, and a sodium-ion-conducting nonaqueous electrolyte. The positive electrode contains positive electrode active material particles, a conductive additive, and a binder. Each positive electrode active material particle includes an oxide particle that absorbs and releases sodium ions and a covering layer covering the oxide particle. The oxide particle contains an oxide A containing Ni and Mn. The covering layer contains at least one material B selected from the group consisting of a ceramic and a carbonaceous material. The binder contains a fluorocarbon resin.

MANUFACTURING METHOD OF ALUMINUM STRUCTURE AND ALUMINUM STRUCTURE

There is provided a manufacturing method of an aluminum structure, including a conductive treatment process of forming an electrically conductive layer made of aluminum on a surface of a resin molded body and a plating process of plating the resin molded body subjected to the conductive treatment process with aluminum in a molten salt bath. Even with a porous resin molded body having a three-dimensional network structure, the method allows the surface of the porous resin molded body to be plated with aluminum, thus forming a high-purity aluminum structure having a uniform thick film. Porous aluminum having a large area is also provided.

Flexible printed circuit board and method of manufacturing flexible printed circuit board

A flexible printed circuit board includes a base film having an insulating property, and multiple interconnects laminated to at least one surface side of the base film. The multiple interconnects include a first interconnect and a second interconnect in a same plane. An average thickness of the second interconnect is greater than an average thickness of the first interconnect. A ratio of the average thickness of the second interconnect to the average thickness of the first interconnect is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 50.

MOLTEN SALT BATTERY

Provided is a molten salt battery whose cycle life is improved by using an electrolyte that is unlikely to cause corrosion of aluminum. In the molten salt battery of the present invention, the total concentration of iron ions and nickel ions contained as impurities in the electrolyte composed of a molten salt is set to be 0.1% by weight or less, preferably 0.01% by weight or less. Because of the low total concentration of iron ions and nickel ions contained in the electrolyte, corrosion of the electrode current collector composed of aluminum is inhibited, and the cycle life of the molten salt battery is improved. 1. A molten salt battery comprising an electrode current collector composed of aluminum , and a molten salt used as an electrolyte , the molten salt battery being characterized in that the total concentration of iron ions and nickel ions contained in the electrolyte is 0.1% by weight or less.2. The molten salt battery according to claim 1 , characterized in that the total concentration of iron ions and nickel ions contained in the electrolyte is 0.05% by weight or less.3. The molten salt battery according to claim 2 , characterized in that the total concentration of iron ions and nickel ions contained in the electrolyte is 0.01% by weight or less. The present invention relates to a molten salt battery which uses a molten salt as an electrolyte.In recent years, the use of natural energy, such as sunlight or wind power, has been increasing. When electricity is generated using natural energy, the amount of electricity generated tends to vary. Accordingly, in order to supply electric power generated, it is necessary to level the power supply by charging/discharging using a storage battery. Therefore, in order to promote the use of natural energy, storage batteries with high energy density and high efficiency are absolutely necessary. One example of such storage batteries is a sodium-sulfur battery disclosed in PTL 1. Other examples of storage batteries with ...

Method for producing sodium chromite

According to this production method, the water content of a mixture of a chromium oxide (Cr2O3) powder and a sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) powder is brought to 1000 ppm or less, and the mixture is heated in an inert gas atmosphere at a calcination temperature (850 DEG C.) where the sodium carbonate and the chromium oxide undergo a calcination reaction. Sodium chromite is thereby obtained.

CAPACITOR, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME

A capacitor has a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a solid electrolyte layer arranged between the electrode layers. At least one of the electrode layers of this capacitor has an Al porous body, and an electrode body held in this Al porous body to polarize the electrolyte. The oxygen content in the surface of the Al porous body is 3.1% by mass or less. The matter that the oxygen content in the surface of the Al porous body is 3.1% by mass or less is equal to the matter that a high-resistance oxide film is hardly formed on the surface of the Al porous body. Thus, this Al porous body makes it possible to make the current collector area of the electrode layer large so that the capacitor can be improved in capacity. 1. A capacitor , comprising a positive electrode , a negative electrode , and an electrolyte layer arranged between these electrodes ,wherein at least one of the electrodes comprises an Al porous body functioning as a current collector, and an electrode material that is held in this Al porous body to polarize the electrolyte, andan oxygen content in a surface of the Al porous body is 3.1% by mass or less.2. The capacitor according to claim 1 , wherein the electrode material is formed in a film form on the surface of the Al porous body.3. The capacitor according to claim 1 , wherein the electrode material is filled into pores made in the Al porous body.4. The capacitor according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte layer is a solid electrolyte.6. The capacitor according to claim 5 , wherein the negative-electrode active material is an alloy or a complex containing 20% by mass or more of the element claim 5 , andthe element is at least one of Al, Sn, and Si.7. The capacitor according to claim 5 , wherein the porous metal for the negative electrode is a Ni foam that is obtained by coating a urethane foam with Ni claim 5 , and then burning off the urethane claim 5 , and that has a porosity of 80% or more and 97% or less claim 5 , and a Ni deposit ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING SODIUM CHROMITE

According to this production method, the water content of a mixture of a chromium oxide (Cr2O3) powder and a sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) powder is brought to 1000 ppm or less, and the mixture is heated in an inert gas atmosphere at a calcination temperature (850 DEG C.) where the sodium carbonate and the chromium oxide undergo a calcination reaction. Sodium chromite is thereby obtained. 1. A method for producing sodium chromite , the method comprising the steps of:setting a water content of a mixture of a chromium oxide powder and a sodium carbonate powder to 1,000 ppm or less; andheating the mixture in an inert gas atmosphere at a calcination temperature where the sodium carbonate and the chromium oxide undergo a calcination reaction.2. The sodium chromite production method according to claim 1 , the method further comprising:heat treatment in which a water content within the mixture is set to 1,000 ppm or less by heating the mixture in the inert gas atmosphere and at a non-reactive temperature where at least one reaction from among a reaction of water, chromium oxide and sodium carbonate and a reaction of water and chromium oxide does not arise, wherein following the heat treatment, the mixture is heated in the inert gas atmosphere and at the calcination temperature.3. The sodium chromite production method according to claim 2 , wherein the non-reactive temperature is in the range of 300 to 400° C.4. The sodium chromite production method according to claim 1 , wherein the sodium carbonate is dried prior to mixing together the sodium carbonate powder and the chromium oxide powder.5. The sodium chromite production method according to claim 4 , wherein the sodium carbonate powder is dried under reduced pressure and at a temperature of from 50 to 300° C.6. The sodium chromite production method according to claim 4 , wherein the sodium carbonate powder is dried under atmospheric pressure and at a temperature of from 300 to 850° C.7. The sodium chromite production method ...

Printed circuit board and method of manufacturing printed circuit board

According to one aspect of the present invention, a printed circuit board includes: an insulating base film; a conductive pattern that is partially layered on a surface side of the base film; a coating layer that is layered on a surface of a layered structure including the base film and the conductive pattern and having an opening portion that partially exposes the conductive pattern; and a tin plating layer that is layered on a surface of the conductive pattern exposed from the opening portion, wherein an average peel length of the coating layer from the conductive pattern with an inner edge of the opening portion as a base end is less than or equal to 20 μm.

Printed wiring board production method and printed wiring board production apparatus

A printed wiring board production method that forms a base film and a conductive pattern on the base film by an additive method or a subtractive method, includes a plating process that electroplates the conductive pattern on a surface of the base film, wherein the plating process includes a shield plate arranging process that arranges a shield plate between an anode and a printed wiring board substrate that forms a cathode, and a substrate arranging process that arranges the printed wiring board substrate in a plating tank, and wherein a distance between the shield plate and the printed wiring board substrate is 50 mm or greater and 150 mm or less.

Printed wiring board and method of manufacturing the same

A printed wiring board includes an electrically insulating base film, and an electrically conductive pattern stacked on at least one surface side of the base film. An average width of multiple wiring portions included in the electrically conductive pattern is 5 μm or greater and 20 μm or less. Each of the wiring portions includes a seed layer and a plating layer. The plating layer includes copper crystal planes of a (111) plane, a (200) plane, a (220) plane, and a (311) plane. An intensity ratio IR220of an X-ray diffraction intensity of the copper crystal plane (220) obtained by Equation (1) below is 0.05 or greater and 0.14 or less, IR220=I220/(I111+I220+I311) (1) (where I111, I200, I220, I311are respectively X-ray diffraction intensity of the (111) plane (200) plane, the (220) plane, and the (311) plane).

METHOD FOR PRODUCING POROUS METAL BODY, POROUS ALUMINUM BODY, BATTERY ELECTRODE MATERIAL INCLUDING POROUS METAL BODY OR POROUS ALUMINUM BODY, AND ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR ELECTRICAL DOUBLE LAYER CAPACITOR

A porous metal body containing continuous pores and having a low oxygen content is provided by decomposing a porous resin body that contains continuous pores and has a layer of a metal thereon by heating the porous resin body at a temperature equal to or less than the melting point of the metal while the porous resin body is immersed in a first molten salt and a negative potential is applied to the metal layer; and a method for producing the porous metal body is provided. 19-. (canceled)10. A porous aluminum body comprising continuous pores , wherein an oxygen content of a surface of the porous aluminum body is 3.1 mass % or less , the oxygen content being determined by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) at an accelerating voltage of 15 kV.111. A battery electrode material comprising the porous metal body produced by the production method according to claim and an active material held on the porous body.12. A battery comprising the battery electrode material according to for one or both of a positive electrode and a negative electrode.131. An electrode material for an electrical double layer capacitor claim 11 , comprising the porous metal body produced by the production method according to claim and an electrode active material that contains activated carbon as a main component and is held on the porous body.14. An electrical double layer capacitor comprising the electrode material for an electrical double layer capacitor according to .15. A method for producing a porous metal body claim 13 , comprising decomposing a porous resin body that contains continuous pores and has a metal layer thereon by immersing the porous resin body in supercritical water. This application is a continuation of International Application PCT/JP2011/056152 filed on Mar. 16, 2011, claiming priority to Japanese patent applications No. 2010-072348 filed on Mar. 26, 2010, and No. 2010-281938 filed on Dec. 17, 2010, the entireties of which are incorporated herein by reference.The ...

Flexible printed circuit board and method of manufacturing flexible printed circuit board

A flexible printed circuit board includes a base film having an insulating property, and multiple interconnects laminated to at least one surface side of the base film. The multiple interconnects include a first interconnect and a second interconnect in a same plane. An average thickness of the second interconnect is greater than an average thickness of the first interconnect. A ratio of the average thickness of the second interconnect to the average thickness of the first interconnect is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 50.

Positive electrode for sodium ion secondary battery and sodium ion secondary battery

A positive electrode for a sodium ion secondary battery includes a positive electrode active material that intercalates and deintercalates sodium ions, a conductive assistant, a binder, and a carboxylic acid, the binder containing a vinylidene fluoride-based polymer, the carboxylic acid having at least one of a boiling point and a thermal decomposition point, and whichever of the boiling point and the thermal decomposition point is lower being higher than 150° C. The carboxylic acid is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of hydroxy acids and polycarboxylic acids.

Printed wiring board and manufacturing method thereof

A printed wiring board includes a base film having insulation properties and a conductive pattern including multiple wiring portions laminated so as to run on at least one surface of the base film, wherein each wiring portion includes a first conductive portion and a second conductive portion coating an outer surface of the first conductive portion, wherein an average width of each wiring portion is 10 μm or greater to 50 μm or smaller, and an average thickness of the second conductive portion is 1 μm or greater to smaller than 8.5 μm. A method for manufacturing a printed wiring board includes a first conductive portion forming step of forming a first conductive portion forming each wiring portion by plating an opening of the resist pattern on the conductive foundation layer, a conductive foundation layer removing step, and a second conductive portion coating step.

MOLTEN SALT BATTERY

Provided is a molten salt battery which can be stably charged and discharged. A separator 3 composed of a rectangular plate-shaped glass cloth and containing a molten salt is interposed between a positive electrode 1 and a negative electrode 2 having a rectangular plate shape to form a power generating element X. A battery container 5 is configured to be substantially rectangular parallelepiped-shaped. A non-flexible presser plate 4b pressed by a spring 4a arranged at a negative electrode 2 side in the battery container 5 substantially evenly disperses pressing force from the spring 4a and presses the negative electrode 2 downward. As a result of the reaction, a bottom wall 52 of the battery container presses the positive electrode 1 upward so that no dead space is generated even when a plurality of batteries are combined.

Method for producing separator, method for producing molten salt battery, separator, and molten salt battery

A separator of a molten salt battery made of a porous resin sheet. The separator is improved in wettability to a molten salt by giving hydrophilicity to the resin sheet. In the case of a fluororesin sheet, the sheet is impregnated with water, and irradiated with ultraviolet rays so that CF bonds in the fluororesin are cleaved and the resultant reacts with water to generate hydrophilic groups, such as OH groups, in each surface layer thereof. The separator gains hydrophilicity through the hydrophilic groups. The separator made of the resin can be made into a bag form. In a molten salt battery having the bag-form separator, the growth of a dendrite is prevented.

Battery and energy system

A battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode mainly composed of sodium, and an electrolyte provided between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the electrolyte being molten salt containing anions expressed with chemical formula (I) below and cations of metal, R 1 and R 2 in the chemical formula (I) above independently representing fluorine atom or fluoroalkyl group, the cations of metal containing at least one of at least one type of cations of alkali metal and at least one type of cations of alkaline-earth metal, as well as an energy system including the battery are provided.

MANUFACTURING METHOD OF ALUMINUM STRUCTURE AND ALUMINUM STRUCTURE

A porous resin article having a three-dimensional network structure is used. A resin molded body at least the surface of which has been subjected to conductive treatment is plated with aluminum in a molten salt bath to form an aluminum structure, thus forming a porous aluminum that includes an aluminum layer having a thickness in the range of 1 to 100 μm, has an aluminum purity of 98.0% or more and a carbon content of 1.0% or more and 2% or less, and contains inevitable impurities as the balance. Even with a porous resin molded body having a three-dimensional network structure, this allows the surface of the porous resin molded body to be plated with aluminum, thus forming a high-purity aluminum structure having a uniform thick film. 1. A manufacturing method of an aluminum structure , comprising: a process of plating a resin molded body with aluminum in a molten salt bath , at least the surface of the resin molded body having been subjected to conductive treatment.2. The manufacturing method of an aluminum structure according to claim 1 , wherein the resin molded body is a porous resin article having a three-dimensional network structure.3. The manufacturing method of an aluminum structure according to claim 1 , wherein the molten salt bath is an electroplating bath which comprises an imidazolium salt.4. The manufacturing method of an aluminum structure according to claim 1 , wherein the molten salt bath is an electroplating bath which comprises an imidazolium salt and to which an organic solvent is added.5. The manufacturing method of an aluminum structure according to claim 4 , wherein the addition of the organic solvent accounts for 25% to 57% by mole of the entire plating liquid.6. The manufacturing method of an aluminum structure according to claim 4 , wherein the organic solvent is xylene.7. The manufacturing method of an aluminum structure according to claim 6 , wherein the xylene is m-xylene claim 6 , and the amount of added xylene accounts for 35% to 57% ...

CHARGE/DISCHARGE CONTROL DEVICE FOR MOLTEN SALT BATTERY AND METHOD OF CHARGING MOLTEN SALT BATTERY

Provided is a charge/discharge control device for controlling charge and discharge of a molten salt battery containing molten salt as an electrolyte, the device including: a temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of the molten salt battery and a control unit configured to control a current value for charge and discharge such that when the temperature measured by the temperature sensor is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature, the current value for charge and discharge decreases as the measured temperature becomes lower, the predetermined temperature being higher than a melting point of the molten salt. 1. A charge/discharge control device for controlling charge and discharge of a molten salt battery containing molten salt as an electrolyte , the device comprising:a temperature measurement unit configured to measure a temperature of the molten salt battery; anda control unit configured to control a current value for charge and discharge such that when the temperature measured by the temperature measurement unit is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature, the current value for charge and discharge decreases as the measured temperature becomes lower, the predetermined temperature being higher than a melting point of the molten salt.2. The charge/discharge control device for a molten salt battery according to claim 1 , whereinthe control unit controls the current value for charge and discharge to be a current value previously determined in association with the temperature of the molten salt battery.3. The charge/discharge control device for a molten salt battery according to claim 1 , whereinthe control unit stops current supply for charge and discharge, when the temperature measured by the temperature measurement unit is lower than the melting point of the molten salt.4. A method of charging a molten salt battery containing molten salt as an electrolyte and having metallic sodium deposited on a negative electrode during charge ...

BASE MATERIAL FOR PRINTED INTERCONNECT BOARDS AND MANUFACTURING METHOD OF PRINTED INTERCONNECT BOARDS

A base material for printed interconnect boards according to one aspect of the present invention includes a base film; and at least one conductive layer that is layered on the base film. The base material for printed interconnect boards includes a product in which a plurality of interconnect board pieces are regularly arrayed in plan view and includes an outer frame region surrounding the product. The outer frame region includes a proximity region within 5 mm from an outer edge of the product and includes an outside region other than the proximity region. A layered conductive layer area rate of the proximity region is smaller than a layered conductive layer area rate of the product. 1. A base material for printed interconnect boards comprising:a base film; andat least one conductive layer that is layered on the base film,wherein the base material for printed interconnect boards includes a product in which a plurality of interconnect board pieces are regularly arrayed in plan view and includes an outer frame region surrounding the product,wherein the outer frame region includes a proximity region within 5 mm from an outer edge of the product and includes an outside region other than the proximity region, andwherein a layered conductive layer area rate of the proximity region is smaller than a layered conductive layer area rate of the product.2. The base material for printed interconnect boards according to claim 1 , wherein a layered conductive layer area rate of the outside region is larger than the layered conductive layer area rate of the product.3. The base material for printed interconnect boards according to claim 2 , further comprising:a plurality of products and outer frame regions anda connection region that connects outer frame regions next to each other,wherein a layered conductive layer area rate of the connection region is larger than the layered conductive layer area rate of the outside region.4. The base material for printed interconnect boards ...

PRINTED WIRING BOARD AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

A printed wiring board includes a base film having insulation properties and a conductive pattern including multiple wiring portions laminated so as to run on at least one surface of the base film, wherein each wiring portion includes a first conductive portion and a second conductive portion coating an outer surface of the first conductive portion, wherein an average width of each wiring portion is 10 μm or greater to 50 μm or smaller, and an average thickness of the second conductive portion is 1 μm or greater to smaller than 8.5 μm. A method for manufacturing a printed wiring board includes a first conductive portion forming step of forming a first conductive portion forming each wiring portion by plating an opening of the resist pattern on the conductive foundation layer, a conductive foundation layer removing step, and a second conductive portion coating step. 2. The printed wiring board according to claim 1 ,wherein an average interval of each wiring portion is 3 μm or greater to 20 μm or smaller.3. The printed wiring board according to claim 1 ,wherein a ratio of an average width of an upper surface to the average width of a bottom surface of the first conductive portion is 0.5 or greater to 1.0 or smaller, anda ratio of the average width of an upper surface to an average width of a bottom surface of each wiring portion is 0.7 or greater to 1.5 or smaller.4. A printed wiring board according to claim 1 ,wherein a ratio of an average height of each wiring portion to an average height of the first conductive portion is 1.05 or greater to 5 or smaller.5. A method for manufacturing a printed wiring board including a base film having insulation properties and a conductive pattern including a plurality of wiring portions laminated so as to run on at least one surface of the base film claim 1 , the method comprising:a conductive foundation layer laminating step of laminating a conductive foundation layer on the one surface of the base film;a photoresist film ...

SODIUM MOLTEN-SALT BATTERY AND MOLTEN-SALT ELECTROLYTE OR IONIC LIQUID USED THEREIN

Provided is a sodium molten-salt battery having good storage characteristics and good charge-discharge cycle characteristics. The sodium molten-salt battery includes a positive electrode that contains a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode that contains a negative electrode active material, and a molten-salt electrolyte that contains a sodium salt and an ionic liquid that dissolves the sodium salt. The ionic liquid contains a salt of an anion and a pyrrolidinium cation having, at the 1-position, a methyl group and an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms. A content of 1-methylpyrrolidine in the molten-salt electrolyte is 100 ppm by mass or less. 1. A sodium molten-salt battery comprising:a positive electrode that contains a positive electrode active material;a negative electrode that contains a negative electrode active material; anda molten-salt electrolyte that contains a sodium salt and an ionic liquid that dissolves the sodium salt,wherein the ionic liquid contains a salt of an anion and a pyrrolidinium cation having, at the 1-position, a methyl group and an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, anda content of 1-methylpyrrolidine in the molten-salt electrolyte is 100 ppm by mass or less.2. The sodium molten-salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein the pyrrolidinium cation is a 1-methyl-1-propylpyrrolidinium cation.3. The sodium molten-salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein the anion is a bis(sulfonyl)imide anion.4. The sodium molten-salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein the sodium salt is a salt of a sodium ion and a bis(sulfonyl)imide anion.5. The sodium molten-salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein the negative electrode active material contains non-graphitizable carbon.6. A molten-salt electrolyte for a sodium molten-salt battery claim 1 , comprising:a sodium salt; and an ionic liquid that dissolves the sodium salt,wherein the ionic liquid contains a salt of an anion and a pyrrolidinium cation having, at the 1- ...

PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD

A printed circuit board according to one aspect of the present invention includes an insulating layer having a through-hole, a conductive layer laminated on an inner circumferential surface of the through-hole, and metal plating layers laminated on a surface of the conductive layer facing opposite the insulating layer and laminated on both surfaces of the insulating layer, wherein an average thickness of the insulating layer is greater than or equal to 5 μm and less than or equal to 50 μm, wherein an average thickness of the metal plating layers is greater than or equal to 3 μm and less than or equal to 50 μm, wherein a hole diameter of the through-hole gradually increases from a first end of the through-hole at one surface of the insulating layer to a second end of the through-hole at another surface of the insulating layer, wherein the hole diameter of the through-hole at the first end is greater than or equal to 1.5 times, and less than or equal to 2.5 times, the average thickness of the metal plating layers, and wherein the hole diameter of the through-hole at the second end is greater than or equal to 1.1 times, and less than or equal to 2 times, the hole diameter of the through-hole at the first end thereof. 1. A printed circuit board , comprising:an insulating layer having a through-hole;a conductive layer laminated on at least an inner circumferential surface of the through-hole of the insulating layer; andmetal plating layers laminated on a surface of the conductive layer facing opposite the insulating layer and laminated on both surfaces of the insulating layer,wherein an average thickness of the insulating layer is greater than or equal to 5 μm and less than or equal to 50 μm,wherein an average thickness of the conductive layer is greater than or equal to 0.05 μm and less than or equal to 0.5 μm,wherein an average thickness of the metal plating layers is greater than or equal to 3 μm and less than or equal to 50 μm,wherein a hole diameter of the through- ...

PLATING DEVICE FOR PRINTED INTERCONNECT BOARDS AND METAL JIG

A plating device for printed interconnect boards includes: a plating bath configured to store a plating solution; a plurality of metal jigs; an anode disposed to face the base boards for printed interconnect boards; and a mechanism configured to apply a voltage to the anode and to the base boards for printed interconnect boards, wherein the plurality of metal jigs include insulating shielding plates at areas facing the anode and include, on sides of the base boards for printed interconnect boards and between the base boards for printed interconnect boards and the shielding plates, exposed surfaces that are orthogonal to the base boards for printed interconnect boards. 1. A plating device for printed interconnect boards , the plating device comprising:a plating bath configured to store a plating solution;a plurality of metal jigs that are arranged in the plating bath and disposed on pairs of side edge portions of a plurality of base boards for printed interconnect boards that constitute a cathode to fix the base boards for printed interconnect boards such that the side edge portions are parallel;an anode that is arranged in the plating bath and disposed to face the base boards for printed interconnect boards; anda mechanism configured to apply a voltage to the anode and to the base boards for printed interconnect boards,wherein the plurality of metal jigs include insulating shielding plates at areas facing the anode and include, on sides of the base boards for printed interconnect boards and between the base boards for printed interconnect boards and the shielding plates, exposed surfaces that are orthogonal to the base boards for printed interconnect boards.2. The plating device for printed interconnect boards according to claim 1 , wherein a plating thickness distribution is controlled based on an average width of the exposed surfaces between the base boards for printed interconnect boards and the shielding plates and an average distance between the exposed ...

MOLTEN SALT BATTERY

A molten salt battery is provided which includes a positive electrode including a positive-electrode active material represented by the general formula: AMFeMPO(wherein n is 1 or 2, 0≦x≦0.5, 0≦y≦0.5, A is an alkali metal element, Mis an element other than the element A, Mis an element other than Fe), a negative electrode including a negative-electrode active material, a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a molten salt electrolyte. The molten salt electrolyte contains 90% by mass or more of an ionic liquid containing a salt of the element A. 3. The molten salt battery according to claim 2 , wherein the positive-electrode active material is NaFePO.5. The molten salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein the negative-electrode active material is at least one selected from a group consisting of an element A-containing titanium compound claim 1 , and a graphitization-retardant carbon. The present invention relates to a molten salt battery containing a pyrophosphate as a positive-electrode active material, and more particularly, to a molten salt battery having an excellent charge/discharge property at a high temperature.In recent years, there is a growing demand for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery as a high-energy density battery capable of storing electrical energy. Among nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, a lithium ion secondary battery including lithium cobalt oxide as a positive-electrode active material provides a high capacity and a high voltage, and is becoming common in practical use. However, cobalt and lithium are highly expensive, and in addition, many of lithium ion secondary batteries are known to get unstable in an overcharge condition. Thus, increasing attention has been directed to a sodium ion secondary battery including olivine-type sodium iron phosphate (chemical formula: NaFePO), which is less costly and more stable. Among them, pyrophosphate NaFePO, which contains twice as much ...

POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM FOR WELL

Provided is a power supply system capable of being used in a well over a long period of time. A power supply system for a well according to the present invention includes a secondary battery having an operating temperature range including a temperature of the inside of a well and supplying power to a device installed in the well; and a charge-discharge mechanism for charging and discharging the secondary battery, and is installed in the well. The secondary battery to be used in the power supply system may be a molten salt battery, and may include a sensor and communication apparatus. 1. A power supply system for a well , comprising:a secondary battery having an operating temperature range including a temperature of the inside of a well and installed in the well to supply power to a device in the well; anda charge-discharge mechanism for charging and discharging the secondary battery.2. The power supply system for a well according to claim 1 , wherein the secondary battery is a molten salt battery.3. The power supply system for a well according to claim 1 , wherein the secondary battery comprises an outer package housing an electric power generation element claim 1 , and a vibration controlling portion for reducing vibrations given to the outer package.4. The power supply system for a well according to claim 1 , comprising an energy conversion mechanism for converting kinetic energy of a fluid passing through a tube member arranged in the well into electrical energy claim 1 , and supplying the electrical energy to the charge-discharge mechanism.5. The power supply system for a well according to claim 1 , comprising a sensor which is operated by power supplied from the secondary battery.6. The power supply system for a well according to claim 1 , comprising communication apparatus which is operated by power supplied from the secondary battery. The present invention relates to a power supply system for supplying power to devices arranged in a well such as an oil well ...

MOLTEN SALT BATTERY AND POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM

A material design of a molten salt battery which is suitable for a temperature range in which the battery is used is shown, and a molten salt battery applicable even under a severe environment where vibrations are given is provided. In the molten salt battery according to the present invention, the operating temperature range of 25° C. to 300° C. is divided into ranges of 25° C. to 120° C., 80° C. to 140° C. and 140° C. to 300° C., and for each temperature range, a material that is a choice is defined for each of an outer package, a binder, an anode active material and a separator as well as an electrolytic solution. Further, the molten salt battery includes a vibration controlling portion for reducing vibrations given to the outer package. As for the electrolytic solution, for example, an electrolytic solution containing an organic cation and FSA as an anion, or NaFSA is suitable for the range of 25° C. to 120° C., an electrolytic solution containing a mixture of NaFSA-KFSA is suitable for the range of 80° C. to 140° C., and an electrolytic solution containing a mixture of NaTFSA-CsTFSA is suitable for the range of 140° C. to 300° C. 1. A molten salt battery having an operating temperature range of 25° C. to 120° C. , comprising:an outer package formed of an aluminum plate, a stainless steel plate or a copper plate, or a multi-layer plate formed by providing any one of the plates with an insulating coating;a cathode which has as a cathode material a material containing a cathode active material and using PVDF as a binder or using PTFE as a binder and which is stored in the outer package;an anode which has an anode active material containing at least one of metal sodium, a tin-based material, a silicon-based material, a carbon-based material and a titanium oxide-based material and which is stored in the outer package;a separator interposed between the cathode and the anode adjacent to each other and formed of a polyolefin-based material, PTFE, glass fibers or a ...

FLEXIBLE PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME

A flexible printed circuit board according to an aspect is a flexible printed circuit board including a base film and a wiring layer disposed on at least one surface of the base film and having a plurality of wiring lines. The wiring lines have an average line width of 30 μm or less and an average spacing of 30 μm or less. The wiring lines have a copper-based plating layer. The copper-based plating layer has an electrical resistivity of more than 1.68×10Ω·m. 1. A flexible printed circuit board comprising a base film and a wiring layer disposed on at least one surface of the base film and having a plurality of wiring lines ,wherein the wiring lines have an average line width of 30 μm or less and an average spacing of 30 μm or less,the wiring lines have a copper-based plating layer, and{'sup': '−8', 'the copper-based plating layer has an electrical resistivity of more than 1.68×10Ω·m'}2. The flexible printed circuit board according to claim 1 , wherein the electrical resistivity of the copper-based plating layer is 1.73×10Ω·m or more and 2.10×10Ω·m or less.3. The flexible printed circuit board according to claim 2 , wherein the electrical resistivity of the copper-based plating layer is 1.76×10Ω·m or more and 1.93×10Ω·m or less.4. The flexible printed circuit board according to claim 1 ,wherein the copper-based plating layer contains sulfur, nitrogen, and carbon, andin the copper-based plating layer, a content of the sulfur is 0.0001% by mass or more and 0.005% by mass or less, a content of the nitrogen is 0.0001% by mass or more and 0.005% by mass or less, and a content of the carbon is 0.001% by mass or more and 0.01% by mass or less.5. The flexible printed circuit board according to claim 1 , wherein copper crystal grains in the copper-based plating layer have an average diameter of 0.05 μm or more and 100 μm or less.6. The flexible printed circuit board according to of claim 1 ,wherein the wiring lines further include a first conductive underlying layer in contact ...

AQUEOUS SOLUTION ELECTROLYTE SECONDARY BATTERY

An aqueous solution electrolyte secondary battery includes: a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material that reversibly occludes and releases lithium ions; a negative electrode including a negative electrode active material that reversibly occludes and releases lithium ions; and an aqueous solution electrolyte in which a lithium salt is dissolved. The negative electrode active material contains Mo, at least part of the Mo causes an oxidation-reduction reaction of Mo/Mo through charging and discharging, and a potential window for charging and discharging exceeds 2.0 V. 1. An aqueous solution electrolyte secondary battery comprising:a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material that reversibly occludes and releases lithium ions;a negative electrode including a negative electrode active material that reversibly occludes and releases lithium ions; andan aqueous solution electrolyte in which a lithium salt is dissolved, whereinthe negative electrode active material contains Mo,{'sup': 3+', '6+, 'at least part of the Mo causes an oxidation-reduction reaction of Mo/Mo through charging and discharging, and'}a potential window for charging and discharging exceeds 2.0 V.2. The aqueous solution electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the negative electrode active material contains a complex oxide containing tetravalent or higher transition metal Me claim 1 , trivalent Mo claim 1 , and Li.3. The aqueous solution electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 2 , whereinthe complex oxide contains at least one single-phase oxide selected from the group consisting of single-phase oxides having compositions of{'sub': 2', '3', '4, 'formula [1]: xLiMoO-(1−x)LiNbO,'}{'sub': 2', '4', '5, 'formula [2]: xLiMoO-(1−x)LiMoO, and'}{'sub': 2', '2', '3, 'formula [3]: xLiMoO-(1−x)LiTiO, and'}formulas [1] to [3] satisfy 0 Подробнее

NEGATIVE ELECTRODE FOR SODIUM MOLTEN SALT BATTERY, METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME, AND SODIUM MOLTEN SALT BATTERY

An aspect of the present invention relates to a negative electrode for a sodium molten salt battery, the negative electrode including a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode mixture layer arranged on a surface of the negative electrode current collector, the negative electrode mixture layer including negative electrode active material particles and a film arranged on a surface of each of the negative electrode active material particles, the negative electrode active material particles containing hard carbon, and the film containing a sodium-containing sulfide. 1. A negative electrode for a sodium molten salt battery , comprising:a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode mixture layer arranged on a surface of the negative electrode current collector,the negative electrode mixture layer including negative electrode active material particles and a film arranged on a surface of each of the negative electrode active material particles,the negative electrode active material particles containing hard carbon, andthe film containing sodium sulfide.2. The negative electrode for a sodium molten salt battery according to claim 1 ,wherein the film has an average thickness of 10 to 500 nm.3. The negative electrode for a sodium molten salt battery according to claim 1 ,wherein the hard carbon contains sulfur, andthe negative electrode mixture layer has a sulfur content of 0.05% by mass or more.4. The negative electrode for a sodium molten salt battery according to claim 3 ,wherein the hard carbon contains a mercapto group.5. A method for producing a negative electrode for a sodium molten salt battery claim 3 , the method comprising:a step A of forming a negative electrode mixture layer including negative electrode active material particles containing hard carbon on a surface of a negative electrode current collector; anda step of B of maintaining the negative electrode mixture layer formed on the surface of the negative electrode ...

Sodium molten salt battery

The sodium molten salt battery includes a positive electrode containing a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode containing a negative electrode active material, a separator arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a molten salt electrolyte having sodium ion conductivity, in which the positive electrode active material contains a sodium-containing transition metal oxide, the negative electrode active material contains hard carbon, and the ratio of the reversible capacity C n of the negative electrode to the reversible capacity C p of the positive electrode, i.e., C n /C p , is 0.86 to 1.2.

FLEXIBLE PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SAME

A flexible printed circuit board includes: a base film having a hole for forming a through hole; and a coil-shaped wiring layer layered on at least one surface side of the base film, wherein the wiring layer includes a land portion arranged at an inner peripheral surface of the hole and at a peripheral portion of the hole of the base film, and a winding portion arranged in a spiral shape with the land portion as an inside end portion or an outside end portion, wherein the winding portion includes a first winding portion that is an outermost circumference and a second winding portion that is inside relative to the outermost circumference, and wherein a ratio of an average thickness of the land portion to an average thickness of the second winding portion is 1.1 or more and 5 or less. 1. A flexible printed circuit board comprising:a base film having a hole for forming a through hole; anda coil-shaped wiring layer layered on at least one surface side of the base film,wherein the wiring layer includes a land portion arranged at an inner peripheral surface of the hole and at a peripheral portion of the hole of the base film, and a winding portion arranged in a spiral shape with the land portion as an inside end portion or an outside end portion,wherein the winding portion includes a first winding portion that is an outermost circumference and a second winding portion that is inside relative to the outermost circumference, andwherein a ratio of an average thickness of the land portion to an average thickness of the second winding portion is 1.1 or more and 5 or less.2. The flexible printed circuit board according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio of an average thickness of the first winding portion to the average thickness of the second winding portion is 1.1 or more and 5 or less.3. The flexible printed circuit board according to claim 2 , further comprising a dummy wiring layer that is arranged in a region outside the wiring layer on the base film with an interval from the ...

FLEXIBLE PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING FLEXIBLE PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD

A flexible printed circuit board includes a base film having an insulating property, and multiple interconnects laminated to at least one surface side of the base film. The multiple interconnects include a first interconnect and a second interconnect in a same plane. An average thickness of the second interconnect is greater than an average thickness of the first interconnect. A ratio of the average thickness of the second interconnect to the average thickness of the first interconnect is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 50. 1. A flexible printed circuit board comprising:a base film having an insulating property; anda plurality of interconnects laminated to at least one surface side of the base film,wherein the plurality of interconnects includes a first interconnect and a second interconnect in a same plane, an average thickness of the second interconnect being greater than an average thickness of the first interconnect, andwherein a ratio of the average thickness of the second interconnect to the average thickness of the first interconnect is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 50.2. The flexible printed circuit board as claimed in claim 1 , comprising a plurality of said first interconnects claim 1 , wherein an average line width of each of the first interconnects is greater than or equal to 3 μm and less than or equal to 100 μm claim 1 , and an average interval of the first interconnects is greater than or equal to 3 μm and less than or equal to 100 μm.3. The flexible printed circuit board as claimed in claim 1 , comprising a plurality of said first interconnects claim 1 , wherein an average line width of each of the second interconnects is greater than or equal to 5 μm and less than or equal to 100 μm claim 1 , and an average interval of the second interconnects is greater than or equal to 5 μm and less than or equal to 100 μm.4. The flexible printed circuit board as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a ratio of a minimum ...

FLEXIBLE PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING FLEXIBLE PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD

A flexible printed circuit board includes a base film having an insulating property, and one or more interconnects laminated to at least one surface side of the base film. At least one of the one or more interconnects includes, in a longitudinal direction, a first portion and a second portion that is a portion other than the first portion, an average thickness of the second portion being greater than an average thickness of the first portion. A ratio of the average thickness of the second portion to the average thickness of the first portion is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 50. 1. A flexible printed circuit board comprising:a base film having an insulating property; andone or more interconnects laminated to at least one surface side of the base film,wherein at least one of the one or more interconnects includes, in a longitudinal direction, a first portion and a second portion that is a portion other than the first portion, an average thickness of the second portion being greater than an average thickness of the first portion, andwherein a ratio of the average thickness of the second portion to the average thickness of the first portion is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 50.2. The flexible printed circuit board as claimed in claim 1 , wherein an average line width of each of the interconnects is greater than or equal to 3 μm and less than or equal to 100 μm claim 1 , and an average interval of the interconnects is greater than or equal to 3 μm and less than or equal to 100 μm.3. The flexible printed circuit board as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a ratio of a minimum cross-sectional area of the second portion in a thickness direction to a minimum cross-sectional area of the first portion in the thickness direction is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 200 claim 1 , the minimum cross-sectional area of the first portion in the thickness direction being calculated by multiplying the average thickness of ...

METHOD FOR OPERATING MOLTEN SALT BATTERY

Provided is a method for operating a molten salt battery having a sodium compound (NaCrO) in a positive electrode and tin (Sn) in a negative electrode with a molten salt as an electrolytic solution. Although the operating temperature range of the molten salt battery is originally from 57° C. to 190° C., the molten salt battery is operated with an internal temperature thereof (temperature of electrodes and molten salt) set at from 98° C. to 190° C. to cause sodium to turn to a liquid phase. The sodium penetrates into a Sn—Na alloy micronized in the negative electrode, so that separation of the Sn—Na alloy is suppressed. 1. A method for operating a molten salt battery having a sodium compound in a positive electrode and tin or a tin-containing alloy in a negative electrode with a molten salt as an electrolytic solution , the method comprising:operating the molten salt battery with an internal temperature thereof set at from 98° C. to 190° C.2. The method for operating a molten salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein where current capacities of the positive electrode and the negative electrode are a positive electrode capacity and a negative electrode capacity claim 1 , respectively claim 1 , a value obtained by dividing the positive electrode capacity by the negative electrode capacity is within a range of from 1.0 to 1.8.3. The method for operating a molten salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein a content of sodium in the negative electrode at completion of charge is 3.75 times or more a content of tin contained in the negative electrode in terms of atomic ratio.4. A molten salt battery comprising a sodium compound in a positive electrode and tin or a tin-containing alloy in a negative electrode with a molten salt as an electrolytic solution claim 1 , whereina value obtained by dividing a positive electrode capacity by a negative electrode capacity is from 1.0 to 1.8 inclusive.5. The molten salt battery according to claim 4 , wherein a content of sodium in ...

ANODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR SODIUM BATTERY, ANODE, AND SODIUM BATTERY

Sodium titanium oxide is used as an anode active material for a sodium battery to improve the cycle properties of the sodium battery. For example, the anode active material is preferably a sodium titanium oxide having the following composition formula (1) or (2). NaTiO(0≦X≦0.9) Composition formula (1) NaTiO(0≦X≦1.0) Composition formula (2) The sodium titanium oxide may have the following composition formula by reducing the water content of the battery and optimizing the particle size of the active material. NaTiO(0≦X≦2.0) Composition formula (1′) NaTiO(0≦X≦2.0) Composition formula (2′) 1. An anode active material for a sodium battery , comprising sodium titanium oxide.2. The anode active material according to claim 1 , wherein the sodium titanium oxide has the following composition formula (1) or (2).{'br': None, 'sub': 2+X', '3', '7, 'a. NaTiO(0≦X≦0.9) \u2003\u2003Composition formula (1)'}{'br': None, 'sub': 4+X', '5', '12, 'b. NaTiO(0≦X≦1.0) \u2003\u2003Composition formula (2)'}3. The anode active material according to claim 1 , wherein the sodium titanium oxide has the following composition formula (1′) or (2′).{'br': None, 'sub': 2+X', '3', '7, 'a. NaTiO(0≦X≦2.0) \u2003\u2003Composition formula (1′)'}{'br': None, 'sub': 4+X', '5', '12, 'b. NaTiO(0≦X≦2.0) \u2003\u2003Composition formula (2′)'}4. The anode active material according to claim 1 , wherein the sodium titanium oxide has an average particle size dof 10 μm or less and a maximum particle size dof 30 μm or less.5. An anode for a sodium battery claim 1 , comprising the anode active material according to .6. The anode for a sodium battery according to claim 5 , wherein the anode has a water content of less than 100 ppm.7. A sodium battery claim 5 , comprising: a cathode; an anode; a separator disposed between the cathode and the anode; and an electrolyte containing sodium claim 5 , the anode being the anode according to .8. The sodium battery according to claim 7 , wherein the electrolyte is a molten salt ...

NEGATIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL AND NEGATIVE ELECTRODE FOR SODIUM SECONDARY BATTERY USING MOLTEN SALT ELECTROLYTE, AND SODIUM SECONDARY BATTERY USING MOLTEN SALT ELECTROLYTE

An object of the present invention is to provide a negative electrode active material etc. which have a high capacity density and which can improve cycle characteristics of a sodium secondary battery using a molten salt electrolyte. The negative electrode active material for a sodium secondary battery using a molten salt electrolyte includes tricobalt tetroxide. In the negative electrode active material, the tricobalt tetroxide preferably has an average particle size dof 10 μm or less and a maximum particle size dof 30 μm or less. 1. A negative electrode active material for a sodium secondary battery using a molten salt electrolyte ,the negative electrode active material comprising tricobalt tetroxide.2. The negative electrode active material according to claim 1 , wherein the tricobalt tetroxide has an average particle size dof 10 μm or less and a maximum particle size dof 30 μm or less.3. A negative electrode for a sodium secondary battery using a molten salt electrolyte claim 1 , the negative electrode comprising claim 1 , as a negative electrode active material claim 1 , the negative electrode active material according to .4. A sodium secondary battery using claim 3 , as an electrolyte claim 3 , a molten salt electrolyte containing a sodium ion claim 3 , the sodium secondary battery comprising a positive electrode claim 3 , a negative electrode claim 3 , and a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode claim 3 , wherein the negative electrode is the negative electrode according to .5. The sodium secondary battery using a molten salt electrolyte according to claim 4 , wherein the electrolyte contains NaFSA and KFSA.6. The sodium secondary battery using a molten salt electrolyte according to claim 4 , wherein the electrolyte includes a cationic species containing a sodium cation and an organic cation and an anionic species containing a sulfonyl amide anion selected from bis(fluorosulfonyl) amide (FSA) and bis(trifluoromethyl ...

PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD

A printed circuit board according to one embodiment of the present invention is a printed circuit board including a plate-shaped or a sheet-shaped insulating material having a penetrating hole, and a metal plating layer layered on both surfaces of the insulating material and an inner peripheral surface of the insulating material, wherein an inner diameter of the penetrating hole monotonically decreases from a top surface of the insulating material toward a back surface, and wherein the inner diameter of the penetrating hole at a center in a thickness direction of the insulating material is smaller than an average of an opening diameter on the top side and an opening diameter on the back side. 1. A printed circuit board , comprising:a plate-shaped or a sheet-shaped insulating material having a penetrating hole; anda metal plating layer layered on both surfaces of the insulating material and an inner peripheral surface of the penetrating hole,wherein an inner diameter of the penetrating hole monotonically decreases from a top surface to a back surface of the insulating material, andwherein the inner diameter of the penetrating hole at a center in a thickness direction of the insulating material is smaller than an average of an opening diameter on a top side and an opening diameter on a back side.2. The printed circuit board as claimed in claim 1 ,wherein the penetrating hole includes a specific region,wherein the specific region includes a top side end and a back side end,wherein the top side end is located at a position where a distance from the top surface of the insulating material in a thickness direction is not less than 0.1 times and not more than 0.5 times an average thickness of the insulating material, andwherein the back side end is located at an opening on the back side, andwherein a reduction rate of a diameter of the specific region is constant.3. The printed circuit board as claimed in claim 2 , wherein an average inclination angle formed by an inner ...

HEAT RESISTANT BATTERY AND METHOD FOR CHARGING AND DISCHARGING THE SAME

A heat resistant battery includes a positive electrode including a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material fixed on the positive electrode current collector, wherein the positive electrode active material includes a sodium-containing transition metal compound capable of electrochemically storing and releasing a sodium ion; a negative electrode including a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material fixed on the negative electrode current collector, wherein the negative electrode active material contains at least one selected from the group consisting of a sodium-containing titanium compound and a non-graphitizable carbon, each of the sodium-containing titanium compound and the non-graphitizable carbon capable of storing and releasing a sodium ion at a lower potential than a potential of the sodium-containing transition metal compound; and a sodium ion-conductive electrolyte provided at least between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, wherein the sodium ion-conductive electrolyte includes a salt of an organic cation having a pyrrolidinium skeleton and a bis(perfluoroalkyl sulfonyl)imide anion. 1. A heat resistant battery comprising:a positive electrode including a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material fixed on the positive electrode current collector, wherein the positive electrode active material comprises a sodium-containing transition metal compound capable of electrochemically storing and releasing a sodium ion;a negative electrode including a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material fixed on the negative electrode current collector, wherein the negative electrode active material comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of a sodium-containing titanium compound and a non-graphitizable carbon, each of the sodium-containing titanium compound and the non-graphitizable carbon being capable ...

POSITIVE ELECTRODE FOR SODIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERY AND SODIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERY

A positive electrode for a sodium ion secondary battery includes a positive electrode active material that intercalates and deintercalates sodium ions, a conductive assistant, a binder, and a carboxylic acid, the binder containing a vinylidene fluoride-based polymer, the carboxylic acid having at least one of a boiling point and a thermal decomposition point, and whichever of the boiling point and the thermal decomposition point is lower being higher than 150° C. The carboxylic acid is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of hydroxy acids and polycarboxylic acids. 1. A positive electrode for a sodium ion secondary battery , comprising:a positive electrode active material that intercalates and deintercalates sodium ions, a conductive assistant, a binder, and a carboxylic acid,the binder containing a vinylidene fluoride-based polymer,the carboxylic acid having at least one of a boiling point and a thermal decomposition point, and whichever of the boiling point and the thermal decomposition point is lower being higher than 150° C.2. The positive electrode for a sodium ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the carboxylic acid comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of hydroxy acids and polycarboxylic acids.3. The positive electrode for a sodium ion secondary battery according to claim 2 , wherein the carboxylic acid includes two or more carboxy groups.4. The positive electrode for a sodium ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein whichever of the boiling point and the thermal decomposition point of the carboxylic acid is lower is 170° C. or higher.5. The positive electrode for a sodium ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the carboxylic acid comprises citric acid.6. The positive electrode for a sodium ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the positive electrode active material contains at least one sodium-containing transition metal oxide claim 1 , and{'sub': x', '2, 'the ...

SODIUM SECONDARY BATTERY

The present invention relates to a sodium secondary battery comprising a positive electrode which includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode material, the positive electrode material being carried on the positive electrode current collector, wherein the positive electrode material comprises a positive electrode active material reversibly containing sodium cation; a negative electrode which includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode material, the negative electrode material being carried on the negative electrode current collector, wherein the negative electrode material comprises a negative electrode active material reversibly containing sodium cation; an electrolyte interposed at least between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; and a separator for retaining the electrolyte and separating the positive electrode and the negative electrode from each other; wherein the negative electrode active material is amorphous carbon, and the electrolyte is a molten salt electrolyte which is a mixture of a salt composed of sodium cation and an anion and a salt composed of an organic cation and an anion. 1. A sodium secondary battery comprising:a positive electrode which includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode material, the positive electrode material being carried on the positive electrode current collector, wherein the positive electrode material comprises a positive electrode active material reversibly containing sodium cation;a negative electrode which includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode material, the negative electrode material being carried on the negative electrode current collector, wherein the negative electrode material comprises a negative electrode active material reversibly containing sodium cation;an electrolyte interposed at least between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; anda separator for retaining the ...

PRINTED WIRING BOARD PRODUCTION METHOD AND PRINTED WIRING BOARD PRODUCTION APPARATUS

A printed wiring board production method that forms a base film and a conductive pattern on the base film by an additive method or a subtractive method, includes a plating process that electroplates the conductive pattern on a surface of the base film, wherein the plating process includes a shield plate arranging process that arranges a shield plate between an anode and a printed wiring board substrate that forms a cathode, and a substrate arranging process that arranges the printed wiring board substrate in a plating tank, and wherein a distance between the shield plate and the printed wiring board substrate is 50 mm or greater and 150 mm or less. 1. A printed wiring board production method that forms a base film and a conductive pattern on the base film by an additive method or a subtractive method , comprising:a plating process that electroplates the conductive pattern on a surface of the base film,wherein the plating process includes a shield plate arranging process that arranges a shield plate between an anode and a printed wiring board substrate that forms a cathode, and a substrate arranging process that arranges the printed wiring board substrate in a plating tank by a jig that holds the printed wiring board substrate, andwherein a distance between the shield plate and the printed wiring board substrate is 50 mm or greater and 150 mm or less.2. The printed wiring board production method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the jig includes a shield member.3. The printed wiring board production method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the shield member is arranged at least in an end region along a width direction of the printed wiring board substrate in a plan view.4. The printed wiring board production method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the shield member includes shield member openings.5. The printed wiring board production method as claimed in claim 4 , wherein an opening ratio of the shield member is 20% or higher and 80% or lower.6. The printed wiring board ...

DISPLAY DEVICE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD OF DISPLAY DEVICE

A manufacturing substrate, on which a lamination is formed, is disposed on a first substrate. The lamination includes a first sheet substrate having flexibility and adhered to the first substrate, an organic layer that emits light such that brightness is controlled in each of a plurality of pixels forming an image in a display area, and a sealing layer. A light blocking area that does not overlap the display area in a plan view is formed on the first substrate, and after the first substrate is irradiated with light on a side that opposite to the sheet substrate, the first substrate is delaminated from the first sheet substrate. 1. A manufacturing method of a display device comprising:a step of preparing a structure including a substrate and a lamination formed on the substrate, the lamination including a sheet substrate having flexibility and adhered to the substrate, a plurality of light-emitting layers respectively provided to a plurality of pixels disposed in a display area, and a sealing layer covering the light-emitting layers;a light blocking step of forming a light blocking area on the substrate, the light blocking area not overlapping the display area in a plan view;a irradiating step of irradiating light on a side of the substrate after the light blocking step, the side being opposite to the sheet substrate; anda delaminating step of delaminating the substrate from the sheet substrate after the irradiating step.2. The manufacturing method of the display device according to claim 1 , further comprising a first dividing step of forming a first divider line by removing the lamination between the display area and the light blocking area before the delaminating step.3. The manufacturing method of the display device according to claim 2 , further comprising an adhering step of adhering a protective film on an opposite side of the lamination from the substrate after the first dividing step and before the irradiating step claim 2 , whereinthe protective film covers ...

PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD

According to one aspect of the present invention, a printed circuit board includes: an insulating base film; a conductive pattern that is partially layered on a surface side of the base film; a coating layer that is layered on a surface of a layered structure including the base film and the conductive pattern and having an opening portion that partially exposes the conductive pattern; and a tin plating layer that is layered on a surface of the conductive pattern exposed from the opening portion, wherein an average peel length of the coating layer from the conductive pattern with an inner edge of the opening portion as a base end is less than or equal to 20 μm. 1. A printed circuit board comprising:an insulating base film;a conductive pattern that is partially layered on a surface side of the base film;a coating layer that is layered on a surface of a layered structure including the base film and the conductive pattern and having an opening portion that partially exposes the conductive pattern; anda tin plating layer that is layered on a surface of the conductive pattern exposed from the opening portion,wherein an average peel length of the coating layer from the conductive pattern with an inner edge of the opening portion as a base end is less than or equal to 20 μm.2. The printed circuit board according to claim 1 , wherein an average thickness of the tin plating layer is less than or equal to 0.6 μm.3. The printed circuit board according to claim 1 ,wherein on an outer surface of the tin plating layer, one or more first areas formed by a tin alloy and one or more second areas formed by unalloyed tin are provided, andwherein a total occupying area percentage of the one or more first areas in the surface of the tin plating layer is less than or equal to 90%.4. The printed circuit board according to claim 1 ,wherein a main component of the conductive pattern is copper,wherein the printed circuit board includes a tin copper alloy layer in which the copper of the ...

MOLTEN SALT BATTERY AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME

A molten salt battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte includes a molten salt, the molten salt contains at least sodium ions, and the moisture content We1 in the molten salt is 300 ppm or less in terms of mass ratio. 1. A molten salt battery comprising a positive electrode , a negative electrode , a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode , and an electrolyte ,wherein the electrolyte includes a molten salt;{'sub': 2', '2, 'sup': 1', '2', '1', '2, 'the molten salt contains at least contains as least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by N(SOX)(SOX)·M (wherein Xand Xare each independently a fluorine atom or a fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and M is an alkali metal or an organic cation having a nitrogen-containing hetero-ring), the compound containing at least sodium ions as M; and'}the moisture content We1 in the molten salt is 300 ppm or less in terms of mass ratio.2. The molten salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein the moisture content We1 is 200 ppm or less in terms of mass ratio.3. (canceled)4. A method for producing a molten salt battery claim 1 , the method comprising:a step of preparing a positive electrode having a moisture content Wp of 300 ppm or less in terms of mass ratio;a step of preparing a negative electrode having a moisture content Wn of 400 ppm or less in terms of mass ratio;a step of preparing, as an electrolyte, a molten salt having a moisture content We2 of 50 ppm or less in terms of mass ratio and containing at least sodium ions;a step of preparing a separator having a moisture content Ws of 350 ppm or less in terms of mass ratio; anda step of stacking the positive electrode and the negative electrode with the separator interposed therebetween to form an electrode group and impregnating the electrode group with ...

PRINTED WIRING BOARD AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

A printed wiring board according to as aspect of the present invention includes a base film having insulation properties and a conductive pattern including multiple wiring portions laminated, the conductive pattern running on at least one surface of the base film, wherein each wiring portion includes a first conductive portion and a second conductive portion coating an outer surface of the first conductive portion, wherein an average width of each wiring portion is 10 μm or greater to 50 μm or smaller, and an average thickness of the second conductive portion is 1 μm or greater to smaller than 8.5 μm. 1. A printed wiring board comprising:a base film having insulation properties; anda conductive pattern including a plurality of wiring portions laminated, the conductive pattern running on at least one surface of the base film,wherein each wiring portion includes a first conductive portion and a second conductive portion coating an outer surface of the first conductive portion,wherein an average width of each wiring portion is 10 μm or greater to 50 μm or smaller, and an average thickness of the second conductive portion is 1 μm or greater to smaller than 8.5 μm, andwherein the first conductive portion includes a conductive foundation layer laminated on the at least one surface of the base film, and an average thickness of the conductive foundation layer is 50 nm or greater to 2 μm or smaller.2. The printed wiring board according to claim 1 ,wherein an average interval of each wiring portion is 3 μm or greater to 20 μm or smaller.3. The printed wiring board according to claim 1 ,wherein a ratio of an average width of an upper surface to an average width of a bottom surface of the first conductive portion is 0.5 or greater to 1.0 or smaller, anda ratio of the average width of an upper surface to an average width of a bottom surface of each wiring portion is 0.7 or greater to 1.5 or smaller.4. The printed wiring board according to claim 1 ,wherein a ratio of an average ...

ELECTRODE FOR SODIUM MOLTEN-SALT BATTERY AND SODIUM MOLTEN-SALT BATTERY

Provided is an electrode for a sodium molten-salt battery in which degradation of the electrode can be suppressed even when charging and discharging are repeated, and which has excellent cycle characteristics. The electrode for a sodium molten-salt battery includes a current collector and an electrode mixture adhering to a surface of the current collector, in which the electrode mixture includes an electrode active material and a binder containing a polymer, and the polymer does not contain a fluorine atom. The polymer can include, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of polyamide resins and polyimide resins or at least one selected from the group consisting of acrylic resins, rubber-like polymers, and cellulose derivatives. 1. An electrode for a sodium molten-salt battery comprising a current collector and an electrode mixture adhering to a surface of the current collector ,wherein the electrode mixture includes an electrode active material and a binder containing a polymer, and the polymer does not contain a fluorine atom.2. The electrode for a sodium molten-salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer includes at least one selected from the group consisting of an amide bond and an imide bond.3. The electrode for a sodium molten-salt battery according to claim 2 , wherein the polymer includes at least one selected from the group consisting of polyamide resins and polyimide resins.4. The electrode for a sodium molten-salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer includes at least one selected from the group consisting of acrylic resins claim 1 , rubber-like polymers claim 1 , and cellulose derivatives.5. The electrode for a sodium molten-salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein the weight-average molecular weight of the polymer is 10 claim 1 ,000 to 500 claim 1 ,000.6. The electrode for a sodium molten-salt battery according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer includes a polyamide-imide resin claim 1 , and the weight- ...

PRINTED WIRING BOARD AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING PRINTED WIRING BOARD

A printed wiring board includes an insulator having a first surface, and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and including a through-hole penetrating from the first surface to the second surface, and a metal plated layer formed on the first surface and the second surface of the insulator, and on an inner peripheral surface of the through-hole, wherein an inside diameter of the through-hole gradually decreases from the first surface toward the second surface of the insulator, an average diameter of the through-hole at the first surface of the insulator is 20 μm or greater and 35 μm or less, the average diameter of the through-hole at the second surface of the insulator is 3 μm or greater and 15 μm or less, and an average thickness of the metal plated layer formed on the first surface and the second surface of the insulator is 8 μm or greater and 12 μm or less. 1. A printed wiring board comprising:an insulator having a first surface, and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and including a through-hole penetrating from the first surface to the second surface; anda metal plated layer formed on the first surface and the second surface of the insulator, and on an inner peripheral surface of the through-hole,wherein an inside diameter of the through-hole gradually decreases from the first surface toward the second surface of the insulator,wherein an average diameter of the through-hole at the first surface of the insulator is 20 μm or greater and 35 μm or less,wherein the average diameter of the through-hole at the second surface of the insulator is 3 μm or greater and 15 μm or less, andwherein an average thickness of the metal plated layer formed on the first surface and the second surface of the insulator is 8 μm or greater and 12 μm or less.2. The printed wiring board as claimed in claim 1 , whereinthe metal plated layer fills an inside of the through-hole, anda surface of the metal plated layer caves in on the first surface side of a region ...

蓄電デバイス

【課題】高電圧、高容量であり、レート特性に優れた蓄電デバイスを提供する。 【解決手段】正極活物質および前記正極活物質を保持する正極集電体を有する正極、負極活物質および前記負極活物質を保持する負極集電体を有する負極、および、前記正極と前記負極との間に介在するセパレータ、を具備する電極群と、リチウムイオン伝導性を有する非水電解質と、前記電極群および前記非水電解質を収容するケースと、を含み、前記非水電解質が、リチウムイオンと第一アニオンとの第一塩を含むイオン液体を含み、前記正極活物質が、前記第一アニオンを可逆的に担持することのできる材料を含み、前記負極活物質が、前記リチウムイオンを可逆的に担持することのできる材料を含み、放電状態において、前記非水電解質中に含まれるカチオンに占める前記リチウムイオンの割合が、２０モル％以上である、蓄電デバイス。 【選択図】図１

Battery and energy system

A battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode mainly composed of sodium, and an electrolyte provided between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the electrolyte being molten salt containing anions expressed with chemical formula (I) below and cations of metal, ( see formula I) R1 and R2 in the chemical formula (I) above independently representing fluorine atom or fluoroalkyl group, the cations of metal containing at least one of at least one type of cations of alkali metal and at least one type of cations of alkaline-earth metal, as well as an energy system including the battery are provided.

Method for producing aluminum structural body and aluminum structural body

Disclosed is a high purity aluminum structure formed by using a resin porous body having a three-dimensional network structure, plating, with aluminum in a molten salt bath, a resin molded body, at least the surface of which has been rendered electrically conductive, and forming the aluminum structure, making aluminum plating of the surface of even a porous resin molded body having a three-dimensional network structure possible by forming an aluminum porous body from an aluminum layer having a thickness of 1 - 100 µm and being formed from aluminum with a purity of 98.0% or greater and carbon content of 1.0 - 2%, with the remainder being unavoidable impurities, and by forming in a uniform thick film.

Molten salt battery device, and method for controlling temperature of molten salt battery

Provided is a molten salt battery device and a temperature control method for a molten salt battery, which enable the molten salt battery temperature to be controlled at a uniform temperature and which also enable easy cooling. The molten salt battery device arranges a plurality of molten salt batteries (1) within a container (2) such that space is provided around the molten salt batteries (1), fills the space around the molten salt batteries (1) with a heat medium (3), and makes the heat medium (3) flow while controlling the temperature of the heat medium (3) with a temperature control unit (52) by the use of an electric heater (51). The molten salt battery device controls the temperature of the molten salt battery (1) by the heat exchange between the flowing heat medium (3) and the molten salt battery (1). The internal temperature of the molten salt battery (1) is controlled to a uniform temperature by the heat exchange with the heat medium (3) that surrounds the molten salt battery (1). The molten salt battery device can also easily cool the molten salt battery (1) by reducing the temperature of the heat medium (3).

Method for producing separator, method for producing molten salt battery, separator, and molten salt battery

Disclosed are: a method for producing a separator that can be used in a molten salt battery and is not easily damaged; a method for manufacturing a molten salt battery; a separator; and a molten salt battery which comprises the separator. Specifically, a separator (3) of a molten salt battery is configured of a porous resin sheet. The resin sheet is provided with hydrophilicity, so that the separator (3) has improved wettability with respect to a molten salt. If the resin sheet is a fluororesin sheet, C-F bonds in the fluororesin are broken by impregnating the sheet with water and irradiating the sheet with ultraviolet light, so that hydrophilic groups such as OH groups are formed in the surface layer by a reaction of water and the sheet is provided with hydrophilicity due to the hydrophilic groups. Since the separator (3), which is formed of a resin, is not easily damaged, the separator can be formed in the shape of a bag. A molten salt battery that comprises a separator (3) having the shape of a bag is prevented from dendrite growth, and has improved charge/discharge cycle characteristics.

Porous metal body, process for its preparation and battery with molten salt

Ein Ziel dieser Erfindung liegt darin, einen porösen Metallkörper, der eine dreidimensionale Netzwerkstruktur hat, Aluminium umfaßt und geeignet als Elektrode einer Batterie mit geschmolzenem Salz verwendet wird; ein Verfahren zur Erzeugung des porösen Metallkörpers und eine Batterie mit geschmolzenem Salz, umfassend den porösen Metallkörper, anzugeben. Ein poröser Metallkörper umfaßt ein poröses Gerüst, das eine dreidimensionale Netzwerkstruktur bildet und eine Aluminiumschicht mit einer Dicke von 1 bis 100 μm und Zinnschichten umfaßt, die auf einer internen und externen Oberfläche der Aluminiumschicht angeordnet sind. Ein derartiger poröser Metallkörper kann durch einen internen Zinnschicht-Bildungsschritt zur Bildung einer Zinnschicht auf einer Oberfläche eines Harzformkörpers mit einer dreidimensionalen Netzwerkstruktur, einen Aluminiumgerüst-Bildungsschritt zur Bildung einer Aluminiumschicht, die als Aluminiumgerüst dient, auf einer Oberfläche der internen Zinnschicht, einen externen Zinnschicht-Bildungsschritt zur Bildung einer Zinnschicht auf einer Oberfläche des Aluminiumgerüstes, und einen Harz-Entfernungsschritt zur Entfernung des Harzformkörpers gebildet werden, wobei der Harz-Entfernungsschritt nach dem Aluminiumgerüst-Bildungsschritt oder nach dem externen Zinnschicht-Bildungsschritt durchgeführt wird. An object of this invention is to comprise a porous metal body having a three-dimensional network structure, aluminum and suitably used as an electrode of a molten salt battery; to provide a method for producing the porous metal body and a molten salt battery comprising the porous metal body. A porous metal body comprises a porous skeleton forming a three-dimensional network structure and comprising an aluminum layer having a thickness of 1 to 100 μm and tin layers disposed on an internal and external surface of the aluminum layer. Such a porous metal body may be formed by an internal tin layer forming step for forming a tin layer on a surface of a resin ...

Porous metal body manufacturing method and porous aluminum body, battery electrode material using metal porous body or porous aluminum body, and electrode material for electric double layer capacitor

Method for producing aluminum structure and aluminum structure

Molten salt battery

A separator (3) of a molten salt battery is impregnated with a molten salt that serves as the electrolyte. The molten salt contains, as cations, at least one kind of ions selected from among quaternary ammonium ions, imidazolium ions, imidazolinium ions, pyridinium ions, pyrrolidinium ions, piperidinium ions, morpholinium ions, phosphonium ions, piperazinium ions and sulfonium ions in addition to sodium ions. These cations do not have adverse effects on a positive electrode (1). In addition, the melting point of the molten salt, which contains sodium ions and the above-mentioned cations, is significantly lower than the operating temperature of sodium-sulfur batteries, said operating temperature being 280-360 DEG C. Consequently, the molten salt battery is capable of operating at lower temperatures than sodium-sulfur batteries.

Molten salt battery

Porous metal body manufacturing method and porous aluminum body, battery electrode material using metal porous body or porous aluminum body, and electrode material for electric double layer capacitor

Container and storage body

【課題】視認性のよい基材を提供すること。【解決手段】本発明の一実施形態に係る基材１ａは、凸形状部または凹形状部が形成されるとともに、レーザ照射により形成されたパターン１１を備える。凸形状部または凹形状部は、エンボス加工により形成されたエンボス加工部１Ｅである。パターン１１は、ドット１１０の集合体により構成されている。基材１ａは、パターン１１により数字、記号、イメージ、等の情報を視認可能としたパターン領域１３と、エンボス加工部１Ｅにより数字、記号、イメージ、等の情報を視認可能としたエンボス記録領域１４と、を備える。【選択図】図１２

Magnesium alloy member and method of manufacturing the same

Method for producing aluminum structure and aluminum structure

【課題】三次元網目構造を有する多孔質樹脂成形体であっても、その表面へのアルミニウムのめっきを可能とし、厚膜を均一に形成することで純度の高いアルミニウム構造体を形成することが可能な方法、および特に大面積のアルミニウム多孔体を得ることが可能な方法を目的とする。 【解決手段】樹脂成形体の表面にアルミニウムからなる導電層を形成する導電化工程と、該導電化された樹脂成形体にアルミニウムを溶融塩浴中でめっきするめっき工程とを備えるアルミニウム構造体の製造方法。 【選択図】 図２

Nonvolatile and nonflammable molten salt battery

The molten salt used as an electrolyte of a molten salt battery is a mixed salt between a salt in which the anion is an ion represented by [R1-SO2-N-SO2-R2]- such as FSA ion and the cation is Na ion, and a salt in which the cation is an alkali metal ion other than Na ion or an alkaline earth metal ion. The active material of a positive electrode 1 is a metal oxide represented by NaxM1yM21-yO2 (wherein M1 is Fe or Ni, M2 is Mn or Ti, 0 < x <= 1 and 0 < y < 1). The active material of the positive electrode 1 is, for example, Na2/3Fe1/3Mn2/3O2. The molten salt battery operates at a low temperature, whereby time required for increasing the temperature of the battery to the operation temperature is reduced. The molten salt battery also has improved safety because the electrolyte is nonvolatile and nonflammable.

Molten salt battery

A molten salt battery comprising a battery case, a positive electrode, a separator, a negative electrode and a molten salt as an electrolyte, the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the separator being impregnated with the molten salt, wherein: the molten salt contains an anion having a chemical structure represented by a following formula (1): wherein in the formula (1) R1 and R2 are a fluoro group; as cations, Na ion and K ion; the molten salt is a mixed salt between NaFSA in which the cation is Na ion and the anion is FSA ion, and KFSA in which the cation is K ion and the anion is FSA ion, FSA ion being bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide ion; and the positive electrode contains, as active material, a metal oxide represented by a composition formula: Na x M1 y M2 1-y O 2 , wherein M1 is Fe or Ni, M2 is Mn or Ti, x is a number satisfying 0 < x ‰¤ 1 and y is a number satisfying 0 < y < 1, characterised in that: the battery case is provided with an elastic body; and when the positive electrode or the negative electrode is expanded or shrunk due to charge and discharge, the change in the volume of the positive electrode or the negative electrode is absorbed by expansion and contraction of the elastic body.

Negative electrode material for battery, negative electrode precursor material for battery, and battery

Molten salt battery

Provided is a molten salt battery which can stably charge and discharge power, and does not have dead space even when a plurality of batteries are combined. A power generating element (X) is configured by interposing, between a rectangular plate-shaped positive electrode (1) and negative electrode (2), a separator (3) which is formed from a rectangular plate-shaped fiberglass cloth, and which is impregnated with molten salt. A battery container (5) roughly shaped as a cube has a nonflexible pressing plate (4b) to which the pressure from a spring (4a) disposed in the battery container (5) on the side of the negative electrode (2) is applied, which disperses the pressing force from the spring (4a) in a roughly uniform manner, and which presses the negative electrode (2) downward. Then, as a counteraction thereof, the positive electrode (1) is pressed upward by the bottom wall (52) of the battery container (5).

Nonvolatile and nonflammable molten salt battery

The molten salt used as the electrolyte of this molten salt battery is a mixed salt of: a salt having an Na ion as the cation and an ion represented by [R1-SO2-N-SO2-R2]- such as an FSA ion as the anion; and a salt having another alkali metal or alkaline earth metal as the cation. The active material of a cathode (1) is a metal oxide represented by NaxM1yM21-yO2 (where M1 is Fe or Ni, M2 is Mn or Ti, 0 < x = 1, and 0 < y < 1). The active material of the cathode (1), for example, is Na2/3Fe1/3Mn­2/3O2. As the molten salt battery operates at low temperatures, the time until the battery is heated to operating temperature is reduced. Also, as the electrolyte is non-volatile and non-flammable, the safety of the molten salt battery is increased.

Method for producing aluminum structural body and aluminum structural body

Disclosed is a method for producing an aluminum structure which forms an aluminum structure with a uniform thick film of high purity aluminum, making possible aluminum plating on the surface of even a porous resin molded body having a three-dimensional network structure by providing a conductivity forming step that forms a conductive layer of aluminum on the surface of the resin molded body and a plating step that plates, with aluminum, the resin molded body that has been rendered conductive. Also disclosed is an aluminum porous body with a large surface area.

Molten salt battery

Method for producing negative electrode precursor material for battery, negative electrode precursor material for battery, and battery

Disclosed are: a process for producing a negative electrode precursor material for use in a battery, which enables the production of a negative electrode that has good adhesion between an Al current collector and an Sn coating film contained therein and therefore can be reduced in thickness, has good current collectivity, and does not undergo deformation or generation of dendrites during being operated; the negative electrode precursor material; and a battery equipped with the negative electrode precursor material as a negative electrode. Specifically disclosed is a molten salt battery (1) which comprises a positive electrode (2) comprising an Al-made current collector (21) and an active material layer (22) formed on the current collector (21), a separator (3) comprising a glass cloth impregnated with a molten salt that serves as an electrolyte, and a negative electrode (4) comprising a Zn coating film (42) and an active material layer (43) both formed on an Al-made current collector (41), wherein the positive electrode (2), the separator (3) and the negative electrode (4) are contained in an almost rectangular parallelepiped Al-made case (5). The active material (43) can store and release Na ions contained in the molten salt.

Battery and energy system

A battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode mainly composed of sodium, and an electrolyte provided between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the electrolyte being molten salt containing anions expressed with chemical formula (I) below and cations of metal, ( see formula I) R1 and R2 in the chemical formula (I) above independently representing fluorine atom or fluoroalkyl group, the cations of metal containing at least one of at least one type of cations of alkali metal and at least one type of cations of alkaline-earth metal, as well as an energy system including the battery are provided.

半導体接合部及び半導体装置

【課題】 イオンマイグレーションを抑制し、接合部における耐腐食性に優れ、接合強度が高く、信頼性の高い接合部及び半導体装置を提供する。【解決手段】 少なくとも２つの半導体構成部材と、当該半導体構成部材を接合する銀含有接合材層２０、２１ａ、２１ｂ、２２、２３、２４とにより形成された半導体接合部Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄであって、前記銀含有接合材層に接して防錆剤被覆層１９が設けられている、半導体接合部、並びにこれを含む半導体装置。【選択図】 図１

ナトリウムイオン二次電池用電解質およびナトリウムイオン二次電池

【課題】高い難燃性を有し、かつサイクル特性およびレート特性を向上できるナトリウムイオン二次電池用電解質を提供する。【解決手段】ナトリウムイオン二次電池用電解質は、ナトリウム塩と非水溶媒とを含み、かつナトリウムイオン伝導性を有し、非水溶媒は、フッ化リン酸エステルおよびプロピレンカーボネートを含み、非水溶媒中のフッ化リン酸エステルの含有量は、５〜５０質量％である。電解質は、引火点を有さないことが好ましい。フッ化リン酸エステルとしては、トリス（２，２，２−トリフルオロエチル）ホスフェートなどが好ましい。【選択図】図１

プリント配線板用基材及びプリント配線板の製造方法

【課題】外枠領域に孔開け加工や定形のパターンの形成等をすることなく、簡易な方法でめっき膜厚の均一化が図れるプリント配線板用基材及びプリント配線板を提供する。【解決手段】プリント配線板用基材１は、ベースフィルム及びこのベースフィルムに積層される少なくとも１つの導電層を備える。プリント配線板用基材が、平面視で複数の配線板個片２が規則的に配列された製品３と、上記製品を取り囲む外枠領域４とを有する。外枠領域が、上記製品の外縁から５ｍｍ以内の近接領域５と、上記近接領域以外の外郭領域６とを含み、上記近接領域の導電層積層面積率が、上記製品の導電層積層面積率より小さい。【選択図】図２

コイル装置

【課題】コイルを構成している配線部の巻き数を増加させつつコイルを小型化することが可能なコイル装置を提供する。【解決手段】コイル装置は、少なくとも１つのプリント配線板を備える。少なくとも１つのプリント配線板は、第１主面及び第２主面を含むベースフィルムと、第１主面上において渦巻き状に巻回されている第１配線部により構成されている第１導電パターンとを有している。隣り合う第１配線部の間の平均距離は、３μｍ以上１５μｍ以下である。第１配線部の長さは、１５０ｍｍ以上１０００ｍｍ以下である。【選択図】図４