VARIABLE VALVE ACTUATING APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE, AND CONTROLLER FOR VARIABLE VALVE ACTUATING APPARATUS

A multi-cylinder internal combustion engine is provided with a variable valve actuating system. At a startup of the engine, a controller performs: causing an initial exhaust valve opening timing of a first combustion cylinder to approach bottom dead center; and setting a second valve overlap period greater than a first valve overlap period, wherein the first valve overlap period is a period from an initial intake valve opening timing of the first combustion cylinder to an initial exhaust valve closing timing of the first combustion cylinder, and wherein the second valve overlap period is a period from an initial intake valve opening timing of a second combustion cylinder to an initial exhaust valve closing timing of the second combustion cylinder immediately after an initial combustion event of the second combustion cylinder after an initial combustion event of the first combustion cylinder. 1. A controller for controlling a variable valve actuating apparatus for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine , wherein the engine includes at least a first cylinder and a second cylinder , the controller comprising: a first operation of causing an exhaust valve opening timing of the first cylinder to approach bottom dead center, wherein the exhaust valve opening timing is an initial one immediately after the initial combustion event of the first cylinder; and', 'a second operation of setting a second valve overlap period greater than a first valve overlap period, wherein the first valve overlap period is a period from an initial intake valve opening timing of the first cylinder to an initial exhaust valve closing timing of the first cylinder immediately after the initial combustion event of the first cylinder, and wherein the second valve overlap period is a period from an initial intake valve opening timing of the second cylinder to an initial exhaust valve closing timing of the second cylinder immediately after an initial combustion event of the second cylinder after ...

ERROR DETERMINATION DEVICE AND ERROR DETERMINATION METHOD OF CONTROL SYSTEM

When a determination is made that a signal transmitted by a voltage sensor, a second voltage sensor, a current sensor, a temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a first CPU, a second CPU and a communication circuit is in error, a third CPU of a motor generator ECU determines that the control system is in error. When a determination is made that the control system is in error, the third CPU determines whether each of the voltage sensors, the current sensor, the temperature sensors, the first CPU, the second CPU and the communication circuit is in error or not. 1. An error determination device of a control system using a signal transmitted by a plurality of devices , comprising:a determination unit determining whether said control system is in error or not, anda storage unit storing that said control system is in error when a determination of said control system being in error is made,said determination unit configured todetermine whether a signal transmitted by said plurality of devices in sequence is in error or not,when a determination is made that the signal transmitted passing through said plurality of devices in sequence is in error, determine that said control system is in error, andwhen a determination is made that said control system is in error, determine whether each of said plurality of devices is in error or not, whereinsaid storage unit stores a device located most downstream in said signal transmittal path among devices determined to be in error as the device in error.2. (canceled)3. The error determination device of a control system according to claim 1 , whereinsaid plurality of devices include a control device using said signal,said control device executes a fail safe mode when a determination is made that said control system is in error.4. An error determination method of a control system using a signal transmitted passing through a plurality of devices in sequence claim 1 , said method comprising:determining whether a signal transmitted ...

SIGNAL OUTPUT CIRCUIT

In a signal output circuit, an input buffer externally receives a single-phase switching instruction signal to switch a state of the output circuit a shutdown disable state or a shutdown enable state, and converts and outputs the single-phase switching instruction signal into a differential switching instruction signal. A generation control circuit outputs a generation control signal for controlling generation of a control voltage in the control voltage generation circuit based on the differential switching instruction signal. A control voltage generation circuit outputs the control voltage upon changing a value of the control voltage in accordance with a logic of the single-phase switching instruction signal. An output circuit externally receives a differential input signal, outputs a differential output signal upon impedance-converting the differential input signal, and switches between the shutdown disable state and the shutdown enable state of the differential input signal. 1. A signal output circuit comprising:an input buffer, a generation control circuit, a control voltage generation circuit, and an output circuit, each using npn transistors,wherein the input buffer externally receives a single-phase switching instruction signal for instructing to switch a state of the output circuit to one of a shutdown disable state and a shutdown enable state, and converts and outputs the single-phase switching instruction signal into a differential switching instruction signal formed from two signals having phases opposite to each other,the generation control circuit outputs a generation control signal for controlling generation of a control voltage in the control voltage generation circuit based on the differential switching instruction signal,the control voltage generation circuit outputs the control voltage upon changing a value of the control voltage in accordance with a logic of the single-phase switching instruction signal based on the generation control signal, ...

ELECTRICALLY POWERED VEHICLE AND METHOD OF CONTROLLING THE SAME

An electrically powered vehicle includes a motor generator configured to be capable of transmitting and receiving torque to and from a driving shaft coupled to a driving wheel; a DC power supply including a power storage device; and an inverter for performing bidirectional DC/AC power conversion between the DC power supply and the motor generator. The MG-ECU controls a plurality of power semiconductor switching elements to be turned on/off in accordance with a torque command value and a state value of the motor generator. When an accelerator pedal is released, the MG-ECU controls the inverter to superimpose a DC current component on an AC current of each phase in the motor generator in accordance with the state of charge of the power storage device. 1. An electrically powered vehicle comprising:a motor generator configured to be capable of transmitting and receiving torque to and from a driving shaft coupled to a driving wheel;a DC power supply including a power storage device;an inverter configured to perform bidirectional DC/AC power conversion between said DC power supply and said motor generator; anda motor control unit configured to control a plurality of power semiconductor switching elements forming said inverter in accordance with a torque command value and a state value of said motor generator,said motor control unit including a DC offset generation unit for controlling said inverter to superimpose a DC current component on an AC current of each phase in said motor generator in accordance with a state of charge of said power storage device, during release of an accelerator pedal.2. The electrically powered vehicle according to claim 1 , further comprising:a charge/discharge monitoring unit for setting a charge power upper limit value of said power storage device based on the state of charge of said power storage device; anda vehicle control unit for setting said torque command value based on a vehicle state and said charge power upper limit value set by ...

AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL CIRCUIT

In an automatic gain control circuit, a peak detection circuit detects and outputs the peak voltage of an output signal from a variable gain circuit. An average value detection/output amplitude setting circuit detects the average value voltage of an output signal from the variable gain circuit, and outputs a calculated voltage. An amplification circuit controls the gain of the variable gain circuit by amplifying the difference between the output voltages of the peak detection circuit and average value detection/output amplitude setting circuit. The number of base-emitter junctions of transistors on a path in the peak detection circuit from input ports which receive output signals from the variable gain circuit to an output port which outputs a voltage to the amplification circuit is equal to the number of base-emitter junctions of transistors on a path in the average value detection/output amplitude setting circuit. 1. An automatic gain control circuit comprising:a peak detection circuit which detects and outputs a peak voltage of an output signal from a variable gain circuit which amplifies a main signal, and includes transistors;an average value detection/output amplitude setting circuit which detects an average value voltage of an output signal from the variable gain circuit, outputs a voltage obtained by adding a voltage with an amplitude ½ a desired output amplitude of the variable gain circuit to the average value voltage, and includes transistors; andan amplification circuit which controls a gain of the variable gain circuit by amplifying a difference between an output voltage of the peak detection circuit and an output voltage of the average value detection/output amplitude setting circuit and outputting the amplification result as a gain control signal to the variable gain circuit,wherein the number of base-emitter junctions of transistors on a path in the peak detection circuit from input ports which receive output signals from the variable gain circuit to ...

THERMOPLASTIC RESIN COMPOSITION AND RESIN MOLDED PRODUCT

Process for preparing a thermoplastic resin composition containing an aromatic polycarbonate resin which may include a thermoplastic resin other than the aromatic polycarbonate resin, a granular talc, and optionally a rubber polymer, a flame retardant or a fluorinated polyolefin. The granular talc has a particle size in which a proportion of a 500 μm-mesh screen residue thereof is not less than 55% by weight. 129.-. (canceled)30. A thermoplastic resin composition comprising:40 to 99 parts by weight of a resin component (component A) comprising 10 to 90% by weight of an aromatic polycarbonate resin (component A1) and 90 to 10% by weight of a thermoplastic resin other than the aromatic polycarbonate resin (component A2) on the basis of 100% by weight of a total content of the components A1 and A2;1 to 60 parts by weight of a granular talc (component B) having a bulk density of 0.4 to 1.5 g/mL which is obtained by granulating a talc having an average particle size of 0.1 to 10 μm; and1 to 35 parts by weight of a rubber polymer (component C),which granular talc (component B) has a particle size in which a proportion of a 500 μm-mesh screen residue thereof is not less than 97% by weight,which granular talc (component B) is a granulated product obtained by using a binder andwhich binder comprises a water-soluble polymer.31. A thermoplastic resin composition according to claim 30 , wherein the water-soluble polymer is at least one selected from water-soluble polyester resins claim 30 , polyvinyl alcohol claim 30 , polyvinyl pyrrolidone claim 30 , polyethyleneoxide claim 30 , poly(sodium acrylate) claim 30 , sodium alginate claim 30 , agar claim 30 , polysaccharides and proteins.32. A thermoplastic resin composition according to claim 30 , wherein a content of the binder in the granular talc (component B) is 0.01 to 5% by weight.33. A thermoplastic resin composition according to claim 30 , wherein the component A2 is a thermoplastic polyester resin.34. A thermoplastic resin ...

SWITCH DEVICE AND ELECTRONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENT

The present invention includes a first rotating operation unit which is arranged in one end section of an instrument main body such that a portion thereof protrudes from the top surface of the instrument main body, and switch-operated by the protruding portion being rotated by the thumb of a left hand, and a second rotating operation unit which is arranged posterior to the first rotating operation unit such that a portion thereof is exposed on a side surface side of the end section, and switch-operated by the exposed portion being rotated by a finger other than the thumb. Accordingly, when the left hand is placed on the end section, the thumb is placed corresponding to the first rotating operation unit, and the other finger is placed corresponding to the second rotating operation unit, whereby these rotating operation units can be rotated separately by only the left hand. 1. A switch device comprising:a first rotating operation unit which is rotatably arranged in one end section of a device case such that a first portion thereof is exposed on a top surface of the device case; anda second rotating operation unit which is rotatably arranged in one end section of the device case such that a second portion thereof is exposed on a side surface of the one end section, and positioned such that the second portion is rotatable in a horizontal direction by a finger of one hand other than a thumb when the first portion of the first rotating operation unit is rotated in an up and down direction by the thumb.2. The switch device according to claim 1 , further comprising:a first attaching member having a first attaching piece for attaching the first rotating operation unit to the device case; anda second attaching member having a second attaching piece for attaching the second rotating operation unit to the device case,wherein the first attaching piece and the second attaching piece are attached on same plane in the device case.3. The switch device according to claim 2 , wherein ...

CHARGING APPARATUS FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE

A charging apparatus for an electric vehicle is provided with: a charging cable including a proximal end connected to a main body, a connector provided on a distal end, and an extra length absorbing section provided between the distal end and the proximal end; a measuring section configured to detect an elongation of the charging cable from an initial length thereof; and an electric current control section configured to start applying an electric current to the charging cable under a condition that an elongation of the charging cable exceeding a threshold value is detected by the measuring section. 1. A charging apparatus for an electric vehicle , the charging apparatus comprising:a charging cable including a proximal end connected to a main body, a connector provided on a distal end, and an extra length absorbing section provided between the distal end and the proximal end;a measuring section configured to detect an elongation of the charging cable from an initial length thereof; andan electric current control section configured to start applying an electric current to the charging cable, under a condition that an elongation of the charging cable exceeding a threshold value is detected by the measuring section.2. The charging apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the measuring section includes a measuring cable connected to a side of the distal end of the charging cable claim 1 , and a detecting switch configured to be switched on by the elongation of the charging cable exceeding the threshold value.3. The charging apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the measuring section further includes a cable receiving portion provided on a side of the proximal end;wherein the detecting switch is provided on a distal end of the cable receiving portion; andwherein the detecting switch is configured to be switched on by a disconnection between the measuring cable and the cable receiving portion due to the elongation of the charging cable exceeding the threshold value.4. ...

Variable valve apparatus for internal combustion engine

A variable valve apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes a control shaft, a camshaft having first and second camshaft members rotatable relative to each other, a rotary cam rotating together with the second camshaft member for opening and closing of an exhaust valve, an eccentric drive cam rotating together with the first camshaft member, a rocker arm caused to swing with rotation of the eccentric drive cam, a swing cam caused to swing by the rocker arm for opening and closing of an intake valve, a control cam formed on the control shaft to change an operating position of the rocker arm according to a rotational phase of the control shaft and vary the amount of swinging movement of the swing cam, a phase control mechanism adapted to control a relative rotational phase of the first and second camshaft members and an actuator for rotating the control shaft.

METHOD OF PRODUCING REGENERATED HYDROTREATING CATALYST AND METHOD OF PRODUCING PETROLEUM PRODUCTS

A method of producing a regenerated hydrotreating catalyst, including a first step of preparing a hydrotreating catalyst that has been used for hydrotreatment of a petroleum fraction and has a metal element selected from Group 6 elements of the periodic table; a second step of performing regeneration treatment for part of the catalyst prepared in the first step, then performing X-ray absorption fine structure analysis for the catalyst after the regeneration treatment, and obtaining regeneration treatment conditions in which a ratio IS/IO of a peak intensity IS of a peak attributed to a bond between the metal element and a sulfur atom to a peak intensity IO of a peak attributed to a bond between the metal element and an oxygen atom is in the range of 0.1 to 0.3 in a radial distribution curve obtained from an extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectrum. 1. A method of producing a regenerated hydrotreating catalyst , comprising:a first step of preparing a hydrotreating catalyst that has been used for hydrotreatment of a petroleum fraction and has a metal element selected from Group 6 elements of the periodic table;{'sub': S', 'O', 'S', 'O, 'a second step of performing regeneration treatment for part of the catalyst prepared in the first step, then performing X-ray absorption fine structure analysis for the catalyst after the regeneration treatment, and obtaining regeneration treatment conditions in which a ratio I/Iof a peak intensity Iof a peak attributed to a bond between the metal element and a sulfur atom to a peak intensity Iof a peak attributed to a bond between the metal element and an oxygen atom is in the range of 0.1 to 0.3 in a radial distribution curve obtained from an extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectrum; and'}a third step of performing regeneration treatment under regeneration treatment conditions determined based on the second step, for the other part of the catalyst prepared in the first step.2. The method of producing a regenerated ...

Variably operated valve system for internal combustion engine

A variably operated valve system for an internal combustion engine, a valve stop mechanism ( 11 ) makes at least one of a pair of fulcrum members lost motion to stop open-and-closure drives for one of two engine valves per cylinder and a stop of open-and-closure drives for the one of the engine valves is inhibited, in a case where a lost motion quantity of the valve stop mechanism exceeds a predetermined value (M3).

VALVE CONTROL APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

A valve control apparatus includes first and second engine valves; a first drive cam configured to rotate integrally with the drive shaft; a second drive cam provided on the drive shaft and configured to rotate integrally with the drive shaft; a swing cam configured to swing; a transmission mechanism configured to convert a rotation of the first drive cam into a swinging force and to transmit the swinging force to the swing cam; a first swing arm configured to open the first engine valve by a swing of the swing cam; a second swing arm configured to open the second engine valve by a rotation of the second drive cam; a control mechanism configured to vary a swing amount of the swing cam by varying an attitude of the transmission mechanism; and a connection changeover mechanism configured to connect and disconnect the first swing arm with/from the second swing arm. 1. A valve control apparatus for an internal combustion engine , comprising:a first engine valve biased in a closing direction of the first valve by a biasing force of a valve spring;a second engine valve biased in a closing direction of the second valve by a biasing force of a valve spring;a first drive cam provided on a drive shaft and configured to rotate integrally with the drive shaft, the drive shaft being configured to rotate in synchronization with a crankshaft;a second drive cam provided on the drive shaft and configured to rotate integrally with the drive shaft;a swing cam configured to swing;a transmission mechanism configured to convert a rotational motion of the first drive cam into a swinging force and to transmit the swinging force to the swing cam;a first swing arm configured to open the first engine valve by being pressed by a swing of the swing cam;a second swing arm configured to open the second engine valve by being pressed by a rotation of the second drive cam;a control mechanism configured to vary a swing amount of the swing cam by varying an attitude of the transmission mechanism; anda ...

AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL CIRCUIT

An automatic gain control circuit () includes a peak detector circuit () that detects the peak voltage of the output signal from a variable gain amplifier (), an average value detection and output amplitude setting circuit () that detects the average voltage of the output signals from the variable gain amplifier () and adds a voltage ½ the desired output amplitude of the variable gain amplifier () to the average voltage, and a high gain amplifier () that amplifies the difference between the output voltage of the peak detector circuit () and the output voltage of the average value detection and output amplitude setting circuit () and controls the gain of the variable gain amplifier () using the amplification result as a gain control signal. The peak detector circuit () includes transistors (Q Q Q), a current source (I), and a filter circuit. The filter circuit includes a series connection of a resistor (Ra) and a capacitor (C). 1. An automatic gain control circuit that controls a gain of a variable gain amplifier that amplifies a main signal , comprising:a peak detector circuit that detects a peak voltage of an output signal from said variable gain amplifier;an average value detection and output amplitude setting circuit that detects an average voltage of the output signals from said variable gain amplifier and adds a voltage ½ a desired output amplitude of said variable gain amplifier to the average voltage; andan amplifier circuit that amplifies a difference between an output voltage of said peak detector circuit and an output voltage of said average value detection and output amplitude setting circuit and controls the gain of said variable gain amplifier using an amplification result as a gain control signal,said peak detector circuit comprising:a first transistor having a base connected to a positive-phase input terminal of the automatic gain control circuit and a collector receiving a power supply voltage;a second transistor having a base connected to a negative ...

ADHESIVE, LAMINATED FILM USING THEREOF AND POLYOL COMPOSITION FOR ADHESIVE

Provided are a solvent-free two-component type adhesive capable of guaranteeing a practical packaging property, with an excellent curing property and significantly shortening aging time, a laminated film using the same, and a polyol composition for an adhesive. An adhesive, characterized in comprising a polyisocyanate composition (X) containing a polyisocyanate (A), and a polyol composition (Y) containing a polyol (C) and a tertiary amine compound (B) having multiple hydroxyl groups, as necessary components. 17-. (canceled)8. An adhesive comprising:{'claim-text': ['a polyisocyanate (A), and', {'claim-text': 'a polyol (C) selected from the group consisting of a polyester polyol, a polyester urethane polyol, a polyether urethane polyol, a polyether polyol and a castor oil-based polyol, and', '#text': 'a polyester composition (Y), containing:'}], '#text': 'a polyisocyanate composition (X), containing:'}a tertiary amine compound (B) having multiple hydroxyl groups,the adhesive having a viscosity of 2500 mPa·s or less when applied to a base material.9. The adhesive according to claim 8 , wherein an amine value of the adhesive ranges from 0.5 to 40 mgKOH/g.10. The adhesive according to claim 8 , wherein the polyol composition (Y) has a mass ratio of from 10 to 150 when the polyisocyanate composition (X) is set as 100.11. The adhesive according to claim 8 , further comprising an alicyclic amide compound.12. The adhesive according to claim 11 , wherein the mixing amount of the alicyclic amide compound is 0.1 to 5 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the polyol (C). The present invention relates to a two-component type adhesive, a polyol composition for the adhesive using the same, and a laminated film formed by laminating various films with the adhesive. Specifically, the present invention relates to an adhesive for lamination, which can be used under the solvent-free condition and used when various kinds of plastic films, metallized films, aluminum foils and the like are ...

CONTROL SYSTEM FOR AC ELECTRIC MOTOR

Fluctuations in output of an AC electric motor are restrained without increasing electromagnetic noise of a boost converter. When subjecting the AC electric motor to rectangular wave voltage control, output torque T is controlled by varying a voltage phase φv. In a region where a voltage phase is large (φv=θ2), fluctuations in torque T relative to changes in a DC voltage VH corresponding to the amplitude of a rectangular wave voltage are larger than in a region where the voltage phase is small (φv=θ1). The AC electric motor is controlled such that the rectangular wave voltage control in a region where voltage phase φv is larger than a limit-phase line PLN indicated by a set of limit phases set for each DC voltage VH is avoided. 1. A control system for an AC electric motor , comprising:a boost converter configured to execute bidirectional DC electric power conversion between a power storage device and an electric power line such that a DC voltage on said electric power line is controlled in accordance with a voltage command value;an inverter configured to convert the DC voltage on said electric power line into an AC voltage to be applied to the AC electric motor;a pulse width modulation control unit configured to control said AC voltage output from said inverter to said AC electric motor by pulse width modulation control based on a comparison between a sinusoidal voltage command signal for operating said AC electric motor in accordance with a torque command value and a carrier signal; anda rectangular-wave voltage control unit configured to control said AC voltage output from said inverter to said AC electric motor such that a rectangular wave voltage is applied from said inverter to said AC electric motor when a modulation degree of said AC voltage by said pulse width modulation control on said DC voltage exceeds a predetermined reference value,said rectangular-wave voltage control unit controlling said inverter in accordance with said torque command value such that ...

LED DRIVE METHOD AND LED DRIVE DEVICE

An LED drive method drives an LED by a drive current. The LED drive method uses a voltage conversion unit, which includes a coil and a first switch, and converts an external voltage into a first voltage, which is a DC voltage, by controlling the first switch to be on in an on-pulse period of a first drive signal. A constant current drive unit is provided with the first voltage and generates a drive current based on a second drive signal. 1. An LED drive method that drives an LED by a drive current , the LED drive method using:a voltage conversion unit which includes a coil and a first switch, and converts an external voltage into a first voltage which is a DC voltage by controlling the first switch to be on in an on-pulse period of a first drive signal;a constant current drive unit which is provided with the first voltage and which generates a drive current based on a second drive signal; anda control unit which includes a target voltage setting unit, and generates the first drive signal and the second drive signal, and the target voltage setting unit sets a target voltage representing a target of the drive current according to the light control information, a first step of comparing a brightness based on the light control information and a predetermined reference brightness;', 'a second step of generating the first drive signal based on an error between the first voltage and the target voltage;', 'a third step of generating the second drive signal based on the light control information in a first case in which the brightness based on the light control information is higher than the predetermined reference brightness; and', 'a fourth step of generating the second drive signal having a predetermined fixed on-pulse period in a second case in which the brightness based on the light control information is lower than the predetermined reference brightness, and, 'wherein the control unit performswherein, in the fourth step, the control unit performs a fifth step of ...

VARIABLE COMBUSTION SYSTEM FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

A variable combustion system for an internal combustion engine, which suppresses mechanical compression ratio change control by a variable mechanical compression ratio control mechanism and carries out internal EGR amount change control by a variable valve actuating control mechanism on a preferential basis in a first operating region in which a compression self-ignition combustion is carried out, and which suppresses the internal EGR amount change control by the variable valve actuating control mechanism and carries out the mechanical compression ratio change control by the variable mechanical compression ratio control mechanism on a preferential basis in a second operating region in which a spark ignition combustion is carried out. 1. A variable combustion system for an internal combustion engine , comprising:a variable valve actuation control mechanism configured to control an internal EGR amount to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine;a variable mechanical compression ratio control mechanism configured to control a mechanical compression ratio in the combustion chamber; anda control device configured to switch a combustion form of a mixture in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine to any one of compression self-ignition combustion and spark ignition combustion and to control the variable valve actuating control mechanism and the variable mechanical compression ratio control mechanism,wherein the control device suppresses mechanical compression ratio change control by the variable mechanical compression ratio control mechanism and carries out internal EGR amount change control by the variable valve actuating control mechanism on a preferential basis in a first operating region in which the compression self-ignition combustion is carried out, andthe control device suppresses the internal EGR amount change control by the variable valve actuating control mechanism and carries out the mechanical compression ratio change control by ...

CONTROL SYSTEM FOR AC MOTOR

A converter controls a system voltage, which is a DC link voltage of an inverter, in accordance with a voltage command value. The inverter outputs a rectangular wave voltage having the system voltage as amplitude to an AC motor during application of rectangular wave voltage control. During application of rectangular wave voltage control, a voltage command value for the system voltage is modified such that a current phase on a d-q plane of the AC motor is brought closer to a target current phase line. The target current phase line is set on an advance side relative to an optimal current phase line which is a set of current phases at which output torque is maximized for the same amplitude of a motor current in the AC motor. 1. A control system for an AC motor , comprising:a boost converter configured to carry out DC power conversion between a DC power supply and a power line such that a DC voltage of the power line is controlled in accordance with a voltage command value;an inverter configured to convert a DC voltage on said power line to an AC voltage to be applied to the AC motor; anda voltage command value setting portion configured to modify said voltage command value in accordance with a current phase on a d-q axis plane of a motor current which flows through said AC motor during application of rectangular wave voltage control in which a rectangular wave voltage is applied from said inverter to said AC motor and output torque of said AC motor is controlled by a voltage phase of said rectangular wave voltage,said voltage command value setting portion modifying said voltage command value such that said current phase is brought closer to a target current phase line, andsaid target current phase line being set on said d-q axis plane, on an advance side relative to an optimal current phase line which is a set of current phases at which output torque is maximized with respect to identical amplitude of said motor current.2. The control system for an AC motor according ...

LENS BARREL

A lens barrel includes a barrel body, an optical system disposed inside the barrel body, a zoom motor, a focus motor, a zoom lever switch disposed on the outer circumference of the barrel body and configured to transmit a user's operation instruction to the zoom motor, and a focus lever switch disposed on the outer circumference of the barrel body and configured to transmit a user's operation instruction to the focus motor. The zoom lever switch and the focus lever switch are arranged in a region formed of first and fourth quadrants of the lens barrel. 1. A lens barrel which is attachable to a camera body , comprising:an outer frame;an optical system disposed inside the outer frame;a zoom operation section disposed on an outer circumference of the outer frame;a focus operation section disposed on the outer circumference of the outer frame;an electric zoom adjustment mechanism configured to adjust a magnification of the optical system in response to an output from the zoom operation section; andan electric focus adjustment mechanism configured to adjust a focus of the optical system in response to an output from the focus operation section,wherein in a state in which the lens barrel is attached to the camera body, at least part of the zoom operation section and at least part of the focus operation section are arranged in a region formed of a first quadrant and a fourth quadrant of the lens barrel as viewed from a side close to an object in an optical axis direction.2. The lens barrel of claim 1 , whereinat least part of one of the zoom operation section or the focus operation section is disposed in the first quadrant, andat least part of the other one of the zoom operation section or the focus operation section is disposed in the fourth quadrant.3. The lens barrel of claim 1 , whereinat least part of the zoom operation section and at least part of the focus operation section are arranged on a single circle about an optical axis.4. The lens barrel of claim 1 , ...

VEHICLE AND CONTROL DEVICE FOR VEHICLE

On a vehicle, a converter converting and outputting a voltage, an inverter converting DC power output from the converter to AC power, and a motor driven by AC power supplied from the inverter are mounted. A control device calculates a requested voltage VHreq as an output voltage from a converter for bringing a degree of modulation Kmd of the inverter closer to a prescribed target degree of modulation Kmd#, calculates from target torque of the motor, a minimum voltage VHmin as a minimum value for an output voltage from the converter which can realize target torque of the motor, and controls the converter such that the output voltage VH from the converter is closer to a value which is greater one of the requested voltage VHreq and the minimum voltage VHmin. 1. A vehicle comprising:a converter converting and outputting a voltage;an inverter converting DC power output from said converter to AC power;a motor driven by AC power supplied from said inverter; anda control device configured to control said converter and said inverter,said control devicecalculating a requested voltage as an output voltage from said converter for bringing a degree of modulation of said inverter closer to a prescribed target degree of modulation,calculating from target torque of said motor, a minimum voltage as a minimum value for the output voltage from said converter which can realize target torque of said motor, andcontrolling said converter such that the output voltage from said converter is closer to a value which is greater one of said requested voltage and said minimum voltage.2. The vehicle according to claim 1 , whereinsaid control device repeatedly calculates said requested voltage by adding a proportional term and an integral term of feedback control of said degree of modulation of said inverter, to a necessary voltage calculated from the target torque of said motor as the output voltage from said converter necessary for realizing target torque of said motor, and calculates a next ...

VEHICLE AND CONTROL DEVICE FOR VEHICLE

On a vehicle, a converter converting and outputting a voltage, an inverter converting DC power output from the converter to AC power, and a motor driven by AC power supplied from the inverter are mounted. A control device for this vehicle controls the inverter in a control mode selected in accordance with a degree of modulation of the inverter, selects a target control mode of the inverter, and varies an output voltage from the converter such that a degree of modulation of the inverter varies until the control mode switches to the target control mode when a current control mode is different from the target control mode. 1. A vehicle comprising:a converter converting and outputting a voltage;an inverter converting DC power output from said converter to AC power;a motor driven by AC power supplied from said inverter; anda control device configured to control said converter and said inverter,said control devicecontrolling said inverter in a control mode selected in accordance with a degree of modulation of said inverter and selecting a target control mode of said inverter, andvarying an output voltage from said converter such that a degree of modulation of said inverter varies until said control mode switches to said target control mode when a current control mode according to said degree of modulation is different from said target control mode.2. The vehicle according to claim 1 , whereinsaid control deviceswitches the control mode when the degree of modulation of said inverter exceeds a prescribed threshold value,sets a value greater than said threshold value as a target degree of modulation when the current control mode is different from said target control mode, andlowers the output voltage from said converter such that the degree of modulation of said inverter varies to said target degree of modulation.3. The vehicle according to claim 1 , whereinsaid control deviceswitches the control mode when the degree of modulation of said inverter is lower than a prescribed ...

ASYMMETRIC GAS SEPARATION MEMBRANE, AND METHODS FOR SEPARATING AND RECOVERING GASES

Disclosed is an asymmetric gas separation membrane made of a soluble aromatic polyimide having a specific repeating unit, the soluble aromatic polyimide including: as a tetracarboxylic acid component, a biphenyl structure and a phenyl structure; as a diamine component, a 3,3′-diaminodiphenyl sulphone and a diaminodibenzothiophene, a diaminodibenzothiophene=5,5-dioxide, a diaminothioxanthene-10,10-dione, or a diaminothioxanthene-9,10,10-trione. Disclosed is a method for selectively separating and recovering a specific gas species from a mixed gas composed of a plurality of gas species using the asymmetric gas separation membrane, a method for selectively separating and recovering a nitrogen-rich gas from air using the asymmetric gas separation membrane, and a method for selectively separating carbon dioxide gas from a mixed gas containing carbon dioxide and methane and recovering methane-rich gas using the asymmetric gas separation membrane. 3. The asymmetric gas separation membrane according to claim 1 , wherein B comprises 50 to 90 mol % of the subunit B1 claim 1 , the subunit B1 being a divalent subunit derived from 3 claim 1 ,7-diamino-dimethyldibenzothiophene 5 claim 1 ,5-dioxide by removing the amino groups.4. The asymmetric gas separation membrane according to claim 1 , having such gas separation performance as to achieve an oxygen gas permeance (P′) of 2×10cm(STP)/(cm·sec·cmHg) or more and a ratio of oxygen gas permeance to nitrogen gas permeance (P′/P′) of 6.0 or more.5. A method for selectively separating and recovering a specific gas species from a mixed gas containing a plurality of gas species claim 1 , comprising using the asymmetric gas separation membrane according to .6. A method for selectively separating and recovering a nitrogen-rich gas from air claim 1 , comprising using the asymmetric gas separation membrane according to .7. A method for selectively separating and recovering a methane-rich gas from a mixed gas containing carbon dioxide and ...

COMPRESSION RATIO ADJUSTMENT APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

An object of the present invention is to provide a variable mechanism apparatus for an internal combustion engine capable of preventing a crown surface of a piston and intake and exhaust valves from interfering with each other or sufficiently acquiring an internal EGR effect during an exhaust stroke when a piston position at a compression top dead center is raised to achieve a high mechanical compression ratio. The variable mechanism apparatus is configured to set a piston position at an intake (exhaust) top dead center to a lower position than the piston position at the compression top dead center by a variable compression ratio mechanism. According thereto, the variable mechanism apparatus can prevent the crown surface of the piston and the intake and exhaust valves from interfering with each other or sufficiently acquiring the internal EGR effect during the exhaust stroke by setting the piston position at the exhaust top dead center to the low position when the piston position at the compression top dead center is raised to achieve the high mechanical compression ratio. 1. A compression ratio adjustment apparatus for an internal combustion engine , comprising:a variable compression ratio mechanism capable of changing a mechanical compression ratio and a mechanical expansion ratio by changing a stroke position of a piston in a four-cycle internal combustion engine,wherein the variable compression ratio mechanism sets a piston position at an exhaust top dead center to a lower position than a piston position at a compression top dead center of the piston.2. The compression ratio adjustment apparatus for the internal combustion engine according to claim 1 , wherein the variable compression ratio mechanism sets the piston position at the exhaust top dead center to the lower position than the piston position at the compression top dead center of the piston throughout an entire variable range of the variable compression ratio mechanism.3. The compression ratio ...

Paper sheet processing device and partition card

A paper sheet processing device includes: a charging inlet that takes in paper sheets in a conveyance direction, the paper sheets including at least one target sheet and a partition card overlapped on the target sheet, the partition card having a main surface portion having at least one identification hole group, the identification hole group having at least two through holes arranged along the conveyance direction; a detection unit that detects take-in of the paper sheets by the charging unit, and detects the identification hole group; and a control unit that determines a paper sheet is the partition card in a case where the identification hole group has been detected by the detection unit, and determines that a paper sheet is the target sheet in a case where the identification hole group has not been detected by the detection unit.

VARABLY OPERATED VALVE SYSTEM FOR MULTI-CYLINDER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND CONTROL APPARATUS FOR VARIABLY OPERATED VALVE SYSTEM

In a variably operated valve system for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine and a control apparatus for the variably operated valve system, a first valve stop mechanism is configured to switch between a valve operation state in which one of a pair of intake valves from among the pair of intake valves of a part of a plurality of cylinders is operated to be open or closed and a valve stopped state in which the valve open or closure operation of the one of the intake valves is stopped, a second valve stop mechanism is configured to switch between the valve operation state in which the other of the pair of intake valves from among the pair of intake valves of the part of the cylinders is operated to be open or closed and the valve stopped state in which the valve open or closure operation is stopped. 1. A variably operated valve system for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine , the internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders , comprising:a pair of intake valves and a pair of or a single exhaust valve disposed for each of the cylinders;a first valve stop mechanism configured to switch between a valve operation state in which one of the pair of intake valves from among the pair of intake valves of a part of the cylinders is operated to be open or closed and a valve stopped state in which the valve open-or-closure operation of the one of the pair of intake valves is stopped; anda second valve stop mechanism configured to switch between the valve operation state in which the other of the pair of intake valves from among the pair of intake valves of the part of the cylinders is operated to be open or closed and the valve stopped state in which the valve open-or-closure operation is stopped, wherein the first valve stop mechanism is configured to be in the valve operation state when a switching energy is supplied and to be in the valve stopped state when the supply of the switching energy is stopped and the second valve stop mechanism is ...

Optical touch panel and automatic vending machine

An optical touch panel includes: a pair of retroreflective plates that are arranged inside at least a left and right pair of frame portions facing each other in a rectangular frame; a plurality of detectors that are arranged at four corners of the rectangular frame, the detectors being configured to irradiate infrared rays to, at least, the retroreflective plates, and to generate detection images based on reflection light from the retroreflective plates; and an operation determining unit configured to detect a touch position based on the detection images generated by the detectors.

COMBINATION NEEDLELESS HYPODERMIC INJECTOR AND COVER SHEET AND RELATED METHODS

A combination needleless injector device for delivering a therapeutic effective amount of a fluid agent subcutaneously and a cover sheet for facilitating delivery of residual fluid not delivered by the needleless injector. The needleless injector has a discharge end and a drive end. The discharge end has a relatively small nozzle for fluid to discharge therethrough for delivery subcutaneously to a patient without a needle and the drive end has a piston held by a trigger and wherein a spring is pushed against the piston to drive the piston to then drive a plunger through the ampule to discharge the fluid medicament. The cover sheet has a liquid impermeable layer and an adhesive layer for surrounding an injection site. 1. A method of delivering a therapeutic amount of fluid subcutaneously without a needle comprising:depressing a trigger on a needleless injector device comprising an ampule an injection driver at an injection site, said ampule comprising a nozzle at a discharge end and a slidable plunger and said injection driver comprising a spring and a piston;applying a cover sheet over the injection site, said cover sheet comprising a liquid impermeable layer comprising an outer surface side and an inner surface side that faces the injection site, said cover sheet comprising a continuous adhesive ring located on the inner surface side of the liquid impermeable layer; andwherein said adhesive ring defines a region external of the adhesive ring without adhesive and a region internal of the adhesive ring without adhesive.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising prepping the injection site by wiping with an alcohol wipe or an antiseptic wipe prior to depressing the trigger.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cover sheet is removed from a water impermeable overwrap prior to applying the cover sheet over the injection site.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the cover sheet is removed from a bulk package comprising a plurality of individually wrapped cover sheets.5 ...

LED DRIVE METHOD AND LED DRIVE DEVICE

Reduction of flicker when an LED is in a low brightness state and reduction of size of an LED drive device are realized. 1. An LED drive method that drives an LED by a drive current , the LED drive method usinga voltage conversion unit which includes a coil and a first switch, and converts an external voltage into a first voltage which is a DC voltage by controlling the first switch to be on in an on-pulse period of a first drive signal,a constant current drive unit which is provided with the first voltage and which generates a drive current having a current value according to light control information inputted from outside, anda control unit,wherein the control unit performsa first step of comparing brightness based on the light control information and predetermined reference brightness,a second step of generating the first drive signal based on an error between the first voltage and a target voltage representing a target of the first voltage in a first case in which brightness based on the light control information is higher than the reference brightness, anda third step of generating the first drive signal having a predetermined fixed on-pulse period in a second case in which the brightness based on the light control information is lower than the reference brightness.2. The LED drive method according to claim 1 ,wherein, in the third step, the control unit generates the first drive signal having a predetermined fixed cycle in addition to the on-pulse period.3. The LED drive method according to claim 2 ,wherein, in the second step, the control unit performsa fourth step of converting the first voltage into a first digital value proportional to the first voltage, anda fifth step of calculating an error between the first digital value and a target voltage digital value representing a target of the first voltage and determining the on-pulse period of the first drive signal by a digital calculation using the error as an input.4. The LED drive method according to claim ...

POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE SAME

A power supply system that supplies electric power to a load includes a first power storage device, a second power storage device, a power line for transmitting electric power input and output to and from the load, a converter for executing bidirectional DC voltage conversion between the first power storage device and the power line, and a switch connected between the second power storage device and the power line. When the switch is OFF, the control device performs voltage control of the converter so that a voltage value of the power line becomes a voltage command value, and when the switch is ON, the control device performs current control of the converter so that a current value of the first power storage device becomes a current command value. 1. A power supply system that supplies electric power to a load comprising:a first power storage device;a second power storage device;a power line (HPL) for transmitting electric power input and output to and from said load;a converter for executing bidirectional DC voltage conversion between said first power storage device and said power line;a switch connected between said second power storage device and said power line; anda control device that controls ON/OFF of said switch and said converter,when said switch is OFF, said control device performing voltage control of said converter so that a voltage value of said power line becomes a voltage command value, and when said switch is ON, said control device performing current control of said converter so that a current value of said power storage device becomes a current command value, whereinsaid control device includes:a switching unit that switches ON and OFF of said switch in accordance with an operating state of said load;a voltage control unit that performs voltage control of said converter in accordance with an output of a voltage feedback control element including at least an integral element that integrates a deviation of the voltage value of said power line from ...

VARIABLE VALVE ACTUATION APPARATUS FOR MULTI-CYLINDER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND CONTROLLER FOR THE VARIABLE VALVE ACTUATION APPARATUS

A variable valve actuation apparatus for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine employs a cylinder cutoff mechanism configured to enable intake and exhaust valves of a #1-cylinder to be kept inactive, and an intake-side variable valve lift mechanism configured to enable a valve lift amount of each of intake valves of a #2-cylinder to be switched between a given first lift amount created by a small-lift cam profile and a given second lift amount created by a middle-lift cam profile in a stepwise fashion depending on a change in engine operating condition from startup to maximum torque operation. The intake-side variable valve lift mechanism is further configured to enable the valve lift amount of each of the intake valves of the #2-cylinder to be selected from the given first lift amount and the given second lift amount during a cylinder cutoff mode in which the #1-cylinder is kept inactive. 1. A variable valve actuation apparatus for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine comprising:a cylinder cutoff mechanism configured to enable a cylinder cutoff mode in which intake and exhaust valves included in one engine-cylinder group of a plurality of engine-cylinder groups are kept inactive; andan intake-side variable valve lift mechanism configured to enable a valve lift amount of each of intake valves included in the other engine-cylinder group of the plurality of engine-cylinder groups to be switched between a given first intake-valve lift amount and a given second intake-valve lift amount relatively greater than the given first intake-valve lift amount in a stepwise fashion,wherein the intake-side variable valve lift mechanism is configured to enable the valve lift amount of each of the intake valves of the other engine-cylinder group to be selected from the given first intake-valve lift amount and the given second intake-valve lift amount during the cylinder cutoff mode in which the one engine-cylinder group is kept inactive.2. A variable valve actuation ...

MEASUREMENT DEVICE USING OPTICAL INTERFEROMETRY AND MEASUREMENT METHOD USING OPTICAL INTERFEROMETRY

Provided are a measurement device using optical interferometry and a measurement method using optical interferometry that accurately measure the depth of a recess having a high aspect ratio. The measurement device is provided with a sensor for measuring distance using optical interferometry, an optical microscope having an optical axis in a fixed relationship with the optical axis of the sensor, a sample stage on which a sample to be measured is placed, a means for maintaining a fixed distance between a sensor head end of the sensor and a surface of the sample during measurement, and a tilt adjustment means for tilting the surface of the sample or the optical axis of the sensor so as to maximize the intensity of the sensor light reflected from the surface of the sample or the interference intensity of the sensor light reflected from the surface of the sample and the sensor head end. 1. A measurement device using optical interferometry , comprising:a sensor that measures a distance by optical interferometry;an optical microscope, the optical axis of which is in a predetermined relationship with the optical axis of the sensor;a sample stage on which a sample to be measured is placed;a unit that keeps a predetermined distance between a sensor head end of the sensor and a surface of the sample during measurement; anda tilt adjustment unit that tilts one of the surface of the sample and the optical axis of the sensor so that the intensity of the sensor light from the surface of the sample or the interference intensity of the sensor light reflected from the surface of the sample and the sensor head end exhibits maximized.2. The measurement device using optical interferometry according to claim 1 , wherein at least part of an optical system of the sensor shares an optical system of the optical microscope.3. The measurement device using optical interferometry according to claim 1 , wherein an optical system of the sensor includes an optical system separate from an optical ...

Variable valve system, control apparatus and variable valve apparatus for internal combustion engine

A variable valve system for an internal combustion engine includes a plurality of engine valves provided per one cylinder; a swing arm configured to perform an opening-and-closing operation of at least one of the plurality of engine valves by swinging about a fulcrum given by a support member; a variable lift mechanism configured to cause the swing arm to swing, and to vary a lift amount of the at least one of the plurality of engine to valves; a valve stop mechanism provided for the at least one of the plurality of engine valves and configured to stop the opening-and-closing operation of the at least one of the plurality of engine valves by producing a lost motion of the support member; and an engine-speed limiting section configured to variably limit a maximum rotational speed of the internal combustion engine in accordance with a displacement amount of the lost motion.

OPTICAL DETECTOR AND IMAGING APPARATUS

An optical detector includes a sensor device chip including a substrate and a sensor device that is provided at a front face side of the substrate and detects light entering from a back face side of the substrate. The sensor device chip has, at the back face side of the substrate, a region in which a refractive index varies so as to increase from a light incident face toward a thicknesswise direction. 1. An optical detector , comprising:a sensor device chip including a substrate and a sensor device that is provided at a front face side of the substrate and detects light entering from a back face side of the substrate;wherein the sensor device chip has, at the back face side of the substrate, a region in which a refractive index varies so as to increase from a light incident face toward a thicknesswise direction.2. The optical detector according to claim 1 , wherein the region in which the refractive index varies is configured from a stacked film that is provided on the back face of the substrate and in which a plurality of films having refractive indexes different from each other are stacked.3. The optical detector according to claim 2 , wherein the stacked film has irregularities at a boundary portion between the plurality of films.4. The optical detector according to claim 1 , wherein the region in which the refractive index varies is a region at the back face side of the substrate and has a porous structure.5. The optical detector according to claim 1 , wherein the region in which the refractive index varies is a region at the back face side of the substrate and has projections having a pillar shape claim 1 , a wall shape claim 1 , a conical shape or a pyramidal shape.6. The optical detector according to claim 5 , wherein the projections are disposed at random.7. The optical detector according to claim 4 , wherein a distance between porosities configuring the porous structure or between the projections is equal to or smaller than one half a wavelength of light to ...

Charging system

A charging system charges, through an external charger, a first voltage source and a second voltage source that supply electric power to a rotating electric machine that includes coils of phases. A first inverter is connected to respective first ends of the coils and the first voltage source. A second inverter is connected to respective second ends of the coils and the second voltage source. A first switch is provided on a first power supply line that connects a high potential side of the first voltage source and a first external connection terminal that is connected to a high potential side of the external charger. A second switch is provided on a second power supply line that connects a low potential side of the second voltage source and a second external connection terminal that is connected to a low potential side of the external charger.

BOOST-BUCK CONVERTER CONTROL SYSTEM

A control system includes a boost-buck converter, a control apparatus and a voltage sensor. The boost-buck converter is provided between a battery and a motor-generator. The control apparatus controls the boost-buck converter. The voltage sensor outputs a sensor output value of a system voltage supplied to the motor. The control apparatus calculates a current stagnation continuation period based on the sensor output value of the voltage sensor and corrects a duty ratio of the boost-buck converter in accordance with a calculation value of the continuation period. The continuation period includes a predetermined time point, at which current stagnation is assumed to be generated. The current stagnation indicates that at least a reactor current stagnates. In the continuation period, a system voltage-related voltage continues to have a voltage difference of the same polarity side relative to a reference voltage. 1. A boost-buck converter control system comprising:a boost-buck converter provided between a charge storage device and a load and including a plurality of switching elements and a reactor, the boost-buck converter boosting or bucking a voltage between a voltage of the charge storing device and a system voltage of the load; anda control apparatus for controlling an operation of the boost-buck converter;a voltage sensor for outputting a sensor output value indicative of the system voltage,wherein the control apparatus calculates a continuation period, in which a voltage difference relative to a reference voltage corresponding to a voltage command of the system voltage continues to be in a same polarity side in a system voltage-related voltage, and corrects a duty ratio of the boost-buck converter in accordance with a calculation value of the continuation period, the continuation period including a predetermined time, in which generation of current stagnation is determined based on the sensor output value of the system voltage, the current stagnation indicating ...

BISPHENOL COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME, AND POLYCARBONATE RESIN AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME

Provided is a thermally stable bisphenol composition whose increase in the Hazen color number is suppressed even under higher temperature conditions. A bisphenol composition including an aryl alkyl sulfide or a dialkyl disulfide at 0.1 ppb by mass to 1% by mass with respect to a bisphenol. A bisphenol composition including an aryl alkyl sulfide or a dialkyl disulfide at a predetermined ratio is thermally stable in terms of the Hazen color number, and shows no coloring problem under high temperature conditions. By using such a bisphenol composition, a polycarbonate resin having an excellent color tone can be produced. 1. A bisphenol composition comprising an aryl alkyl sulfide at 0.1 ppb by mass to 1% by mass with respect to a bisphenol.2. The bisphenol composition according to claim 1 , wherein the aryl alkyl sulfide contains an aryl group which is a hydroxyphenyl group claim 1 , a hydroxytolyl group claim 1 , or a hydroxyxylyl group.3. The bisphenol composition according to claim 1 , wherein the aryl alkyl sulfide contains a C-Calkyl group.4. The bisphenol composition according to claim 1 , wherein the content of the bisphenol is not less than 95.0% by mass.5. A method of producing a bisphenol composition claim 1 , comprising reacting a ketone or an aldehyde with an aromatic alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst and an alkylthiol catalyst to produce the bisphenol composition according to .6. The method of producing a bisphenol composition according to claim 5 , wherein the acid catalyst is a monoalkyl sulfate.7. A method of producing a polycarbonate resin claim 1 , comprising reacting the bisphenol composition according to to produce a polycarbonate resin.8. A bisphenol composition comprising a dialkyl disulfide at 0.1 ppb by mass to 1% by mass with respect to a bisphenol.9. The bisphenol composition according to claim 8 , wherein the dialkyl disulfide contains a C-Calkyl group.10. The bisphenol composition according to claim 8 , wherein the content of the ...

CHARGING SYSTEM

A charging system charges a first voltage source and a second voltage source through an external charger. The first voltage source and the second voltage source are capable of supplying electric power to a rotating electric machine that includes a coil group configured by multiphase coils. The charging system includes a first inverter, a second inverter, at least three switches, and a control unit. The first inverter includes a first switching element. The second inverter includes a second switching element. The control unit is capable of switching charging between individual charging in which either of the first voltage source and the second voltage source is charged, and simultaneous charging in which the first voltage source and the second voltage source are both simultaneously charged, by controlling operations of the first switching element, the second switching element, and the switches. 1. A charging system that charges a first voltage source and a second voltage source through an external charger , the first voltage source and the second voltage source being two voltage sources that are capable of supplying electric power to a rotating electric machine that includes a coil group configured by multiphase coils , the charging system comprising:a first inverter that includes a plurality of first switching elements that correspond to the multiphase coils;a second inverter that includes a plurality of second switching elements that correspond to the multiphase coils;a high-potential side external connection terminal that is capable of connecting to a high potential side of the external charger;at least one high-potential side power supply line that connects the high-potential-side external connection terminal and a high potential side of the first voltage source or the second voltage source;a low-potential side external connection terminal that is capable of connecting to a low potential side of the external charger;at least one low-potential side power supply ...

CONTROL APPARATUS FOR ROTATING ELECTRIC MACHINE

A control apparatus is provided for controlling drive of a rotating electric machine that has coils of two or more phases. The control apparatus includes a first inverter to be connected with first ends of the coils, a second inverter to be connected with second ends of the coils, and a controller. The first inverter has a plurality of first switching elements each corresponding to one of the coils. The second inverter has a plurality of second switching elements each corresponding to one of the coils. The controller includes a first operation circuit configured to generate a first control signal for control of the first inverter and a second operation circuit configured to generate a second control signal for control of the second inverter. Moreover, the control apparatus is configured so that switching timings are synchronized, based on synchronization information, between the first and second inverters. 1. A control apparatus for controlling drive of a rotating electric machine , the rotating electric machine having coils of two or more phases ,the control apparatus comprising:a first inverter to be connected with first ends of the coils, the first inverter having a plurality of first switching elements each corresponding to one of the coils;a second inverter to be connected with second ends of the coils, the second inverter having a plurality of second switching elements each corresponding to one of the coils; anda controller including a first operation circuit and a second operation circuit, the first operation circuit being configured to generate a first control signal for control of the first inverter, the second operation circuit being configured to generate a second control signal for control of the second inverter,whereinthe control apparatus is configured so that switching timings are synchronized, based on synchronization information, between the first and second inverters.2. The control apparatus as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the controller ...

SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME

A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate including a first surface in which an integrated circuit and an I/O pad electrically connected to the integrated circuit are formed, and a second surface which is an opposite side to the first surface, where a two-stage through-hole is formed in the semiconductor substrate, the semiconductor substrate including a first shape portion having a tapered shape which has a wall surface and of which a diameter of an opening becomes smaller toward a bottom of the hole from the second surface side to a predetermined position of the semiconductor substrate in a thickness direction, and including a second shape portion having a cylindrical shape which extends from the first shape portion to the I/O pad on the first surface side, and that includes an inorganic insulating film which is formed on the wall surface of the two-stage through-hole and the second surface. 1. A semiconductor device , comprising:a semiconductor substrate comprising a first surface in which an integrated circuit and an I/O pad electrically connected to the integrated circuit are formed, and a second surface which is an opposite side to the first surface, wherein a two-stage through-hole is formed in the semiconductor substrate, the two-stage through-hole comprising a first shape portion having a tapered shape which has a wall surface and of which a diameter of an opening becomes smaller toward a bottom of the hole from the second surface side to a predetermined position of the semiconductor substrate in a thickness direction, and comprising a second shape portion having a cylindrical shape which extends from the first shape portion to the I/O pad on the first surface side;an inorganic insulating film which is formed on the wall surface of the two-stage through-hole and the second surface;a through-electrode of a metal layer which is formed on the I/O pad and the wall surface of the two-stage through-hole; anda wiring pattern formed on the second ...

VARIABLE VALVE DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Provided is a variable valve device for an internal combustion engine, capable of improving engine characteristics by increasing the maximum valve lift of an intake valve to a large valve lift while preventing excessive lost motion operation of lost motion mechanisms. The variable valve device includes intake- and exhaust-side swing arms that pivot to open and close intake valves () and exhaust valves () in two cylinders #1, #2, intake- and exhaust-side hydraulic lash adjusters () that serve as pivot points of the respective swing arms, a variable valve system that continuously varies valve lift characteristics of the intake valves and lost motion mechanisms () that stop opening and closing of the intake exhaust valves by lost motion of the intake- and exhaust-side hydraulic lash adjusters on the cylinder #1. The maximum valve lifts of the intake valves are set larger than valve lifts of the exhaust valves. The minimum valve lifts of the intake valves are set smaller than the valve lifts of the exhaust valves. 1. A variable valve device for an internal combustion engine , comprising:intake and exhaust valves biased in respective valve close directions by spring forces of valve springs;a pair of intake- and exhaust-side swing arms that pivot to open and close the intake and exhaust valves, respectively;a pair of pivot members that serve as pivot points of the swing arms;a variable valve system that continuously varies a valve lift characteristic of the intake valve;a valve drive system that causes the exhaust-side swing arm to drive the exhaust valve at a constant valve lift; andlost motion mechanisms that stop opening and closing of the intake and exhaust valves by lost motion of the pivot members,wherein a maximum valve lift of the intake valve is set larger than the valve lift of the exhaust valve; andwherein a minimum valve lift of the intake valve is set smaller than the valve lift of the exhaust valve.2. A variable valve device for an internal combustion engine ...

Lens control device and lens control method

A lens control device that moves a lens in an optical axis direction comprises a stepping motor that drives the lens, a position detection circuit that detects position of the lens in an optical axis direction, a memory that stores data relating to a relationship between rotational position of the stepping motor and detected position of the position detection circuit, and a controller that designates rotational position of the stepping motor based on target information that is input, determines a virtual target rotational position based on a target position corresponding to detected position of the position detection circuit corresponding to the target information that has been input, and, based on the virtual target rotational position, searches for a rotational position that corresponds to the target position, within a range of given rotational positions of the data.

VARIABLE OPERATION SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE, AND CONTROL DEVICE THEREFOR

An internal combustion engine variable operation system includes: an intake-side variable valve mechanism for controlling an opening timing and a closing timing of an intake valve of an internal combustion engine; an exhaust-side variable valve mechanism for controlling an opening timing and a closing timing of an exhaust valve of the internal combustion engine. At a cold start of the internal combustion engine, the exhaust-side variable valve mechanism sets the opening timing of the exhaust valve advanced at or close to a midpoint between top dead center and bottom dead center, and sets the closing timing of the exhaust valve advanced at a first preset advance-side point before top dead center, and the intake-side variable valve mechanism sets the opening timing of the intake valve retarded at a first preset retard-side point after top dead center. 1. An internal combustion engine variable operation system comprising:an intake-side variable valve mechanism structured to control an opening timing and a closing timing of an intake valve of an internal combustion engine;an exhaust-side variable valve mechanism structured to control an opening timing and a closing timing of an exhaust valve of the internal combustion engine; anda controller configured to control the intake-side variable valve mechanism and the exhaust-side variable valve mechanism;wherein at a cold start of the internal combustion engine,the exhaust-side variable valve mechanism sets the opening timing of the exhaust valve advanced at or close to a midpoint between top dead center and bottom dead center, and sets the closing timing of the exhaust valve advanced at a first preset advance-side point before top dead center, andthe intake-side variable valve mechanism sets the opening timing of the intake valve retarded at a first preset retard-side point after top dead center.2. The internal combustion engine variable operation system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the exhaust-side variable valve ...

VARIABLE VALVE SYSTEM OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

A variable valve system of an internal combustion engine includes a first mechanism that varies an operation angle of an intake valve in accordance with a conversion actuation force applied thereto and a second mechanism that varies an operation angle of an exhaust valve in accordance with the conversion actuation force applied thereto, wherein the first and second mechanisms force mechanically the intake and exhaust valves to take smaller and larger operation angles respectively when the conversion actuation forces are not applied to the first and second mechanisms respectively. 1. A variable valve system of an internal combustion engine , comprising:an intake valve operation angle varying mechanism that varies an operation angle of an intake valve in accordance with a conversion actuation force applied thereto; andan exhaust valve operation angle varying mechanism that varies an operation angle of an exhaust valve in accordance with the conversion actuation force applied thereto,wherein the intake valve operation angle varying mechanism forces mechanically the intake valve to take a smaller operation angle when receiving no conversion actuation force; andwherein the exhaust valve operation angle varying mechanism forces mechanically the exhaust valve to take a larger operation angle when receiving no conversion actuation force.2. A variable valve system of an internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:an exhaust valve operation phase varying mechanism that varies an exhaust valve operation phase at the time when the exhaust valve assumes its peak lift,wherein the exhaust valve operation phase varying mechanism forces mechanically the exhaust valve operation phase to take a retarded side when receiving no conversion actuation force.3. A variable valve system of an internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:an intake valve operation phase varying mechanism that varies an intake valve operation phase at the time ...

COMPRESSION RATIO ADJUSTING APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING COMPRESSION RATIO ADJUSTING APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

An object of the present invention is to provide a novel compression ratio adjusting apparatus for an internal combustion engine that can improve a knocking resistance performance and also prevent or cut down an increase in a temperature of exhaust gas. The compression ratio adjusting apparatus is configured to relatively decrease a mechanical compression ratio in a high load area of the internal combustion engine and also adjust a mechanical expansion ratio at this time to a relatively high ratio. According to this configuration, the compression ratio adjusting apparatus performs control of decreasing the mechanical compression ratio in the high load area of the internal combustion engine and also increasing the mechanical expansion ratio at this time, thereby succeeding in improving the knocking resistance performance and also preventing or cutting down the increase in the temperature of the exhaust gas, thus succeeding in reducing thermal damage on a part in an exhaust system. 112-. (canceled)13. A compression ratio adjusting apparatus for an internal combustion engine , comprising:a variable compression ratio mechanism configured to change a mechanical compression ratio and a mechanical expansion ratio of a four cycle internal combustion engine by changing a stroke position of a piston of the internal combustion engine,wherein the variable compression ratio mechanism relatively decreases the mechanical compression ratio in a high load area of the internal combustion engine, and relatively increases the mechanical expansion at this time, andwherein the variable compression ratio mechanism is mechanically configured in such a manner that a piston position at an expansion bottom dead center when the mechanical compression ratio is increased to around a maximum ratio is located at the lowest position in a variable range in a partial load area of the internal combustion engine.14. The compression ratio adjusting apparatus for the internal combustion engine according ...

ELECTRIC MOTOR DRIVE DEVICE

An electric motor drive device controls driving of a motor having open windings of two or more phases having end points that are open to each other. The switching arbitrator determines switching between a single-sided and dual-sided drive mode and arbitrates output of each of the inverters at a time of switching wherein output of the motor is continuous before and after the drive mode switching. The single-sided drive mode is a mode in which one of the two inverters performs switching drive. The dual-sided drive mode in which both the two inverters perform switching drive. The switching arbitrator gradually changes and increases the power level of the drive-start-side inverter from zero when the single-sided drive mode is switched to the dual-sided drive mode, and gradually changes and decreases the power level of the drive-end-side inverter to zero when the dual-sided drive mode is switched to the single-sided drive mode. 1. An electric motor drive device that controls driving of a motor including open windings of two or more phases by using two inverters individually connected to two power sources , the open windings having end points that are open to each other , the electric motor drive device comprising:a first inverter that receives DC power from a first power source, includes a plurality of first switching elements so disposed as to correspond to the phases of the open windings, and is connected to one ends of the open windings;a second inverter that receives DC power from a second power source, includes a plurality of second switching elements so disposed as to correspond to the phases of the open windings, and is connected to other ends of the open windings; anda control unit comprising: two inverter control circuits of a first inverter control circuit that generates a first voltage command and a second inverter control circuit that generates a second voltage command, based on a torque command, the first voltage command being an output voltage command to ...

FAULT DETERMINATION APPARATUS, MOTOR DRIVING SYSTEM, AND FAILURE DETERMINATION METHOD

Fault diagnosis is easily performed using the detected value of the motor and the learned model thereof. The device has a sampling unit for sampling the current at the time of regeneration of the motor, a determination unit for determining the failure of the motor using data obtained from the sampling result by the sampling unit , and learned models learned in advance using data obtained from the sampling result of the current at the time of regeneration of the motor when the state of soundness of the motor is a predetermined state. 1. A failure determination device comprising:a sampling unit for sampling a current at the time of regeneration of a motor; anda determination unit for determining a failure of the motor using data obtained from a sampling result by the sampling unit and a learned model which has been learned in advance using data obtained from a sampling result of a current at the time of regeneration of the motor when a state of soundness of the motor is a predetermined state.2. The failure determination device according to claim 1 ,wherein the learned model is a model learned in advance using data obtained from a result of sampling current at the time of regeneration of the motor when states of soundness of the motor and of a part connected to the motor are a predetermined state, andwherein the determination unit determines a failure of the motor and the part.3. The failure determination device according to claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 ,a sampling interval determination unit for determining a sampling interval based on the frequency of the current, andwherein the sampling unit performs a sampling operation at the sampling interval determined by the sampling interval determination unit.4. The failure determination device according to claim 3 ,wherein the sampling interval determination unit estimates the frequency of the current after a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of regeneration of the motor, and determines the sampling ...

ADHESIVE, LAMINATED FILM USING THEREOF AND POLYOL COMPOSITION FOR ADHESIVE

Provided are a solvent-free two-component type adhesive capable of guaranteeing a practical packaging property, with an excellent curing property and significantly shortening aging time, a laminated film using the same, and a polyol composition for an adhesive. An adhesive, characterized in comprising a polyisocyanate composition (X) containing a polyisocyanate (A), and a polyol composition (Y) containing a polyol (C) and a tertiary amine compound (B) having multiple hydroxyl groups, as necessary components. 1. An adhesive , which is characterized in that , the adhesive comprises a polyisocyanate composition (X) containing a polyisocyanate (A) , and a polyol composition (Y) containing a polyol (C) and a tertiary amine compound (B) having multiple hydroxyl groups , as necessary components.2. The adhesive according to claim 1 , wherein the polyol (C) is a polyester polyol claim 1 , a polyester urethane polyol claim 1 , or a polyether urethane polyol claim 1 , or a polyether polyol or a castor oil-based polyol.3. The adhesive according to claim 1 , wherein an amine value of the adhesive ranges from 0.5 to 40 mgKOH/g.4. The adhesive according to claim 1 , wherein the polyol composition (Y) has a mass ratio of from 10 to 150 when the polyisocyanate composition (X) is set as 100.5. A laminated film claim 1 , which is characterized in that claim 1 , a cured adhesive is provided between the first base film and the second base film claim 1 , and the adhesive is the one according to .6. A polyol composition for an adhesive claim 1 , which is characterized in that claim 1 , the polyol composition comprises a polyol (C) and a tertiary amine compound (B) having multiple hydroxyl groups.7. A method for producing a film for flexible packaging claim 1 , which is a method for producing a film for flexible packaging formed by coating the adhesive according to to a base material claim 1 , characterized in comprising a step of separately coating two components claim 1 , in which a ...

VARIABLE SYSTEM OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE SAME

A variable system of an internal combustion engine spaces a closing timing IVC of an intake valve apart from an intake bottom dead center BDC by a variable actuation valve mechanism and also increases a mechanical expansion ratio εE by a variable compression ratio mechanism when an engine torque increases to around a maximum engine torque. The variable system sets the closing timing IVC of the intake valve to a closing timing IVCd spaced apart from the intake bottom dead center BDC around the maximum engine torque. Due to this control, the variable system can reduce an effective compression ratio to enhance a knocking resistance capability, and, further, achieve improvement of thermal efficiency and also reduce a temperature of exhaust gas to prevent or reduce thermal damage on an exhaust-system component by increasing the mechanical expansion ratio. 1. A variable system of an internal combustion engine:wherein this variable system of the internal combustion engine includes a control unit;wherein the control unit controls a variable actuation valve mechanism configured to adjust a closing timing of an intake valve and a variable compression ratio mechanism configured to adjust a mechanical compression ratio and a mechanical expansion ratio; andwherein the control unit includesan intake valve closing timing control unit configured to shift the closing timing of the intake valve to an advance-angle side or a retard-angle side advanced or retarded from an intake bottom dead center by the variable actuation valve mechanism when an engine torque is around a maximum engine torque, anda mechanical expansion ratio control unit configured to increase the mechanical expansion ratio by the variable compression ratio mechanism according to an increase in the engine torque.2. The variable system of the internal combustion engine according to claim 1 , wherein the variable actuation valve mechanism is a phase angle variable mechanism configured to control a central phase angle of ...

DISPLAY DEVICE

Provided is a display device that ensures both of the conductivity for realizing the antenna function and the light transmissivity for transmitting light that forms a video image displayed on the display device, and at the same, allows short-range wireless communication to be performed in a wide range in a display section of the display device. A display device includes a display panel an antenna pattern for driving, and antenna patterns A, B for propagation. The antenna driving unit drives the antenna pattern for driving, at predetermined carrier wave frequency, whereby the antenna pattern for driving and the antenna pattern A or B for propagation are electromagnetically coupled. As a result, proximity wireless communication can be performed in a wide range of a display area AR of the display device 1. A display device comprising:a display panel for displaying an image;an antenna pattern for driving;a matching unit configured to perform impedance matching adjustment with respect to the antenna pattern for driving;{'b': '0', 'an antenna driving unit configured to drive the antenna pattern for driving, at a predetermined carrier wave frequency f; and'}an antenna pattern for propagation that is arranged so that at least a part of the antenna pattern for propagation is included in a display area of the display panel when viewed in a plan view, at such a position that the antenna pattern for propagation can be electromagnetically coupled with the antenna pattern for driving.2. The display device according to claim 1 ,wherein the antenna pattern for driving is arranged so that at least a part of the antenna pattern for driving is included in a display area of the display panel when viewed in a plan view.3. The display device according to claim 1 ,wherein the antenna pattern for driving is formed in a first layer arranged in parallel with the display panel, andthe antenna pattern for propagation is formed in a second layer arranged in parallel with the display panel, the ...

MOTOR SYSTEM

A motor system provided with one motor, two batteries, and two inverters further includes a charger which is connected to a first battery and supplies external power; and a control unit which controls drive of the first inverter and the second inverter to drive the motor. When the second battery is charged with the external power, the control unit drives the first inverter and the second inverter to allow power from the first inverter to be transmitted to the second battery through the motor and the second inverter while the motor is in a stationary state. 1. A motor system , comprising:a motor;a first power supply;a second power supply;a first inverter which converts direct current power of the first power supply into alternating current power and outputs the alternating current power to the motor;a second inverter which converts direct current power of the second power supply into alternating current power and outputs the alternating current power to the motor;a charger which is connected to the first power supply and supplies external power; anda control unit which controls drive of the first inverter and the second inverter to drive the motor,wherein, when the second power supply is charged with the external power, the control unit drives the first inverter and the second inverter to allow power from the first inverter to be transmitted to the second power supply through the motor and the second inverter while the motor is in a stationary state.2. The motor system according to claim 1 ,wherein, when the second power supply is charged, the control unit calculates voltage vectors of the first inverter and the second inverter to set a q-axis current of the motor to 0.3. The motor system according to claim 1 ,wherein the second inverter includes a plurality of legs which are connected in parallel and are formed by connecting an upper arm and a lower arm in series,wherein each of the legs has both ends connected to the second power supply and an intermediate point ...

ELECTRIC MOTOR DRIVING SYSTEM AND METHOD

In a so-called dual power source and dual inverter system, in which a pair of first and second inverters controls and drives a motor that includes multiple windings of phases each having open ends based on electric power supplied from a pair of power supplies, a motor driving system capable of appropriately allocating the electric power supplied from the pair of power supplies to the pair of inverters is provided. The motor driving system includes a pair of first and second inverter control circuits to generate a pair of first and second voltage instructions supplied to the first and second inverters based on a torque command, respectively. One of the first and second inverter control circuits includes a power controller that controls sharing of the electric power supplied from the first and second power supplies in accordance with a target electric power instruction. 1. An electric motor driving system to control driving of a motor that includes multiple windings of two or more phases each having open ends , the electric motor driving system comprising:a first inverter connected to a first power supply at a first end of the first inverter to receive a direct current power from the first power supply, the first inverter including at least two switching elements connected to the open ends of the windings at a second end of the first inverter, respectively;a second inverter connected to a second power supply at a first end of the second inverter to receive a direct current power from the second power supply, the second inverter including at least two switching elements connected to the open ends of the windings at a second end of the second inverter, respectively; a first inverter control circuit to receive a torque instruction from an outside of the electric motor driving system and generate a first voltage instruction based on the torque instruction, the first voltage instruction output to the first inverter, and', 'a second inverter control circuit to receive a ...

MOTOR SYSTEM

A control unit calculates a motor voltage vector including a corresponding excitation voltage command and a torque voltage command in response to an output request for the motor and changes a first inverter voltage vector and a second inverter voltage vector while maintaining the motor voltage vector obtained to allow distribution of the motor voltage vector at any ratio. The first inverter voltage vector includes a first excitation voltage command and a first torque voltage command associated with an output from the first inverter, and the second inverter voltage vector includes a second excitation voltage command and a second torque voltage command associated with an output from the second inverter. 1. A motor system , comprising:a first inverter which converts direct current power from a first power supply into alternating current power;a second inverter which converts direct current power from a second power supply into alternating current power;a motor which is driven by the alternating current power from the first inverter and the alternating current power from the second inverter; anda control unit which is configured to calculate a motor voltage vector including a corresponding excitation voltage command and a torque voltage command in response to an output request for the motor and changes a first inverter voltage vector and a second inverter voltage vector while maintaining the motor voltage vector obtained to allow distribution of the motor voltage vector at any ratio,wherein the first inverter voltage vector includes a first excitation voltage command and a first torque voltage command associated with an output from the first inverter, and the second inverter voltage vector includes a second excitation voltage command and a second torque voltage command associated with an output from the second inverter.2. The motor system according to claim 1 ,wherein the control unit configured to change the first inverter voltage vector and the second inverter voltage ...

MOTOR SYSTEM

A motor system provided with one motor and two inverters includes a first inverter control unit which changes a frequency of a first carrier wave (first carrier frequency) used for producing a switching signal fora first inverter according to an operating point of the motor; and a second inverter control unit which changes a frequency of a second carrier wave (second carrier frequency) used for producing a switching signal for a second inverter according to an operating point of the motor. The first carrier frequency has a changing characteristic depending on the first inverter control unit and the second carrier frequency has a changing characteristic depending on the second inverter control unit, and the changing characteristics are different from each other to make the first carrier frequency and the second carrier frequency differ from each other at an identical operating point. 1. A motor system , comprising:a first inverter which converts direct current power from a first power supply into alternating current power;a second inverter which converts direct current power from a second power supply into alternating current power;a motor which is driven by the alternating current power from the first inverter and the alternating current power from the second inverter);a motor control unit which calculates a motor voltage vector (V) corresponding to an output request for the motor, distributes the motor voltage vector (V) obtained to the first inverter and the second inverter, and outputs a first voltage command and a second voltage command according to a result of the distribution;a first inverter control unit which produces a switching signal for driving the first inverter based on a comparison of a first carrier wave with a modulated wave that represents the first voltage command from the motor control unit, the first inverter control unit being configured to change a first carrier frequency, or a frequency of the first carrier wave, according to at least an ...

MOTOR SYSTEM

A control unit calculates a motor voltage vector including a corresponding excitation voltage command and a torque voltage command in response to an output request for a motor and distributes the motor voltage vector to a first inverter voltage vector and a second inverter voltage vector while maintaining the motor voltage vector obtained to control modes of operation (PWM, overmodulation, and square wave mode) of a first inverter or a second inverter. The first inverter voltage vector includes an excitation voltage command and a torque voltage command associated with an output from the first inverter, and the second inverter voltage vector includes an excitation voltage command and a torque voltage command associated with an output from the second inverter. 1. A motor system , comprising:a first inverter which converts direct current power from a first power supply into alternating current power, having PWM mode, overmodulation mode, and square wave mode as modes of operation;a second inverter which converts direct current power from a second power supply into alternating current power, having PWM mode, overmodulation mode, and square wave mode as modes of operation;a motor which is driven by the alternating current power from the first inverter and the alternating current power from the second inverter, anda control unit which configured to calculate a motor voltage vector including a corresponding excitation voltage command and a torque voltage command in response to an output request for the motor and distributes the motor voltage vector to a first inverter voltage vector and a second inverter voltage vector while maintaining the motor voltage vector obtained to control the modes of operation of the first inverter or the second inverter,wherein the first inverter voltage vector includes an excitation voltage command and a torque voltage command associated with an output from the first inverter, and the second inverter voltage vector includes an excitation ...

ELECTRIC MOTOR DRIVING APPARATUS

An electric motor driving apparatus controls driving of an electric motor having two or more phase windings whose ends are open by using first and second inverters. A control unit includes a first inverter control circuit and a second inverter control circuit. The first inverter control circuit generates a first voltage command as an output voltage command to the first inverter based on a torque command. The second inverter control circuit generates a second voltage command as an output voltage command to the second inverter. The control unit determines a composite voltage command based on a first voltage command vector and a second voltage command including a case, in which a pure phase difference between the first voltage command vector on a dq coordinate corresponding to the first voltage command and the second voltage command vector on the dq coordinate corresponding to the second voltage command is other than 180°. 1. An electric motor driving apparatus for controlling driving of an electric motor having windings of two or more phases , each of which is open at both ends , by using two inverters , the electric motor driving apparatus comprising:a first inverter having plural first switching elements provided in correspondence to respective phases of the windings and connected to one end of the winding;a second inverter having plural second switching elements provided in correspondence to respective phases of the windings and connected to the other end of the winding; anda control unit including a first inverter control circuit and a second inverter control circuit, the first inverter control circuit and the second inverter control circuit are for generating a first voltage command and a second voltage command as output voltage commands to the first inverter and the second inverter, respectively, based on a torque command;wherein the control unit is configured to determine a composite voltage command indicating outputs of the first inverter and the second ...

MOTOR SYSTEM

A control unit distributes a motor voltage vector corresponding to an output request for a motor to a first and a second inverter voltage vectors associated with outputs from a first inverter and a second inverter, and determines whether a switching condition for three-phase-on mode is satisfied. Determining that the switching condition is satisfied, the control unit switches to three-phase-on mode in which every high-side switching element or every low-side switching; element of one inverter is turned on and one end of a coil in each phase of the motor is brought into common connection, and the control unit drives the motor with an output from the other inverter. Herein, the switching condition for three-phase-on mode includes failure of one inverter and an inverter voltage vector of an output from one inverter being approximate to 0 when neither of the inverters fails. 1. A motor system comprising:a first inverter provided with a plurality of arms, each arm including a high-side switching element and a low-side switching element connected in series and having both ends to which direct current power from a first power supply is supplied and having an intermediate point from which alternating current power is output;a second inverter provided with a plurality of arms, each arm including a high-side switching element and a low-side switching element connected in series and having both ends to which direct current power from a second power supply is supplied and having an intermediate point from which alternating current power is output;a motor which is driven by the alternating current power from the first inverter and the alternating current power from the second inverter; anda control unit which is configured to control the first inverter and the second inverter,wherein the control unit configured to distribute a motor voltage vector corresponding to an output request for the motor to a first inverter voltage vector associated with an output from the first inverter ...

ELECTRIC MOTOR DRIVING SYSTEM

An electric motor driving system controls driving of an electric motor having windings of two or more phases each having open ends by using a pair of inverters. A control unit includes a first inverter control circuit that generates a first voltage instruction output to the first inverter based on a torque instruction and a second inverter control circuit that generates a second voltage instruction output to the second inverter based on the torque instruction. At least one of the inverter control circuits includes an electric power controller that controls allocation of electrical power supplied from a pair of power supplies to the pair of inverters, respectively, by either advancing or delaying an angle of a phase of each of vectors of voltage instructions in accordance with the target electric power instruction during execution of torque feedback control. 1. An electric motor driving system to control driving of an electric motor including multiple windings of two or more phases each having open ends , the electric motor driving system comprising:a first inverter connected to a first power supply at a first end of the first inverter to receive a direct current power from the first power supply, the first inverter including at least two switching elements connected to the open ends of the windings at a second end of the first inverter, respectively;a second inverter connected to a second power supply at a first end of the second inverter to receive a direct current power from the second power supply, the second inverter including at least two switching elements connected to the open ends of the windings at a second end of the second inverter, respectively; a first inverter control circuit to receive a torque instruction from an outside of the electric motor driving system and generate a first voltage instruction based on the torque instruction, the first voltage instruction output to the first inverter,', 'a second inverter control circuit to receive the torque ...

DUAL-INVERTER DRIVE APPARATUS FOR SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR

In a dual-inverter type of motor control apparatus which controls a synchronous motor having two or more open-end armature windings corresponding to respective phases, first and second inverter control circuits control the motor by supplying voltage commands to corresponding ones of the two inverters, with a combination of respective control methods executed by the inverter control circuits for generating the voltage commands being determined such as to provide a high speed of control response, while preventing control interference caused by effects of component characteristic disparities, such as deviations to between timings of updating the voltage commands by the two inverter control circuits. 1. A motor drive apparatus for controlling driving of a synchronous motor having two or more armature windings corresponding to respective phases , each armature winding having an open configuration with a first end and a second end thereof unconnected to the ends of other ones of the armature windings , the motor drive apparatus includinga first inverter having a plurality of first switching elements, with each of the first switching elements connected to the first end of a corresponding one of the armature windings,a second inverter having a plurality of second switching elements, with each of the second switching elements connected to the second end of a corresponding one of the armature windings, anda control section having a first inverter control circuit and a second inverter control circuit,the first inverter control circuit being configured to generate first voltage commands based on an externally supplied torque command value and to generate voltage control signals for the first inverter in accordance with the first voltage commands, andthe second inverter control circuit being configured to generate second voltage commands based on the torque command value and to generate voltage control signals for the second inverter in accordance with the second voltage ...

ROTARY INERTIA MASS DAMPER

To provide a rotary inertia mass damper, which is capable of reducing an axial reaction force that is generated due to vibration having an excessive acceleration to the extent possible when the vibration is input, and of preventing breakage of the damper itself or a construction, provided is a rotary inertia mass damper, including: a first coupling portion, which is fixed to a first structure; a second coupling portion, which is coupled to a second structure; a screw shaft, which has one axial end connected to the first coupling portion and retained so as to be non-rotatable; a fixed barrel, which has a hollow portion for receiving the screw shaft, and is connected to the second coupling portion; and a rotary body, which is retained so as to be freely rotatable relative to the fixed barrel, is threadedly engaged with the screw shaft, and is configured to reciprocally rotate in accordance with advancing and retreating movement of the screw shaft relative to the fixed barrel. A torque limiting member is provided between an axial end of the screw shaft and the first coupling portion, and is configured to, when a rotational torque that exceeds a predetermined value is applied to the screw shaft, allow rotation of the screw shaft relative to the first coupling portion to reduce a rotation angle of the rotary body. 1. A rotary inertia mass damper , comprising:a first coupling portion, which is fixed to a first structure;a second coup-Xing portion, which is coupled to a second structure;a screw shaft, which has a spiral thread groove formed in an outer peripheral surface of the screw shaft at a predetermined lead, and has one axial end connected to the first coupling portion, and retained so as to be non-rotatable;a fixed barrel, which has a hollow portion for receiving the screw shaft, and is connected to the second coupling portion; anda rotary body, which is retained so as to be freely rotatable relative to the fixed barrel, is threadedly engaged with the screw shaft, ...

Porous electrode substrate, membrane-electrode assembly using same, and polymer electrolyte fuel cell using same

Disclosed herein is a porous electrode substrate in which carbon fibers are dispersed in the structure thereof have a fiber diameter of 3-15 micron and a fiber length of 2-30 mm, and are bound to one another by carbonized resin such that, when a pore distribution in the porous electrode is determined with a mercury intrusion porosimeter, such that a pore distribution curve is plotted on a graph having a common logarithmic scale on the horizontal axis, and a 1-100 micron pore diameter range of the pore distribution curve includes 80 or more measurement points at equal intervals along the common logarithmic scale, the pore distribution has a skewness S of -2.0<S<-0.8 and a kurtosis K of 3.5<K<10 in the 1-100 micron pore diameter range.

AUTOMATIC STOP/RESTART CONTROL SYSTEM FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND VARIABLE VALVE ACTUATING APPARATUS

An automatic stop/restart control system for an internal combustion engine comprising: an engine stop device configured to stop fuel injection from a fuel injection valve in response to generation of an engine stop request during an operation of an internal combustion engine; and a restart device configured to restart the fuel injection from the fuel injection valve and opening an exhaust valve in a vicinity of a bottom dead center on an expansion stroke end side in response to generation of a restart request by a driver in a course of a decrease in number of revolutions of the internal combustion engine during stop of the fuel injection by the engine stop device. 1. An automatic stop/restart control system for an internal combustion engine , comprising:an engine stop device configured to stop fuel injection from a fuel injection valve in response to generation of an engine stop request during an operation of an internal combustion engine; anda restart device configured to restart the fuel injection from the fuel injection valve and to open an exhaust valve in a vicinity of a bottom dead center on an expansion stroke end side, in response to generation of a restart request by a driver in a course of a decrease in number of revolutions of the internal combustion engine during stop of the fuel injection by the engine stop device.2. An automatic stop/restart control system for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 , wherein the restart device closes an intake valve in a vicinity of a bottom dead center on an intake stroke end side.3. An automatic stop/restart control system for an internal combustion engine according to claim 2 , wherein:in response to the generation of the restart request by the driver, when the number of revolutions of the internal combustion engine is more than a first predetermined number of revolutions, the restart device opens the exhaust valve on a front side of the bottom dead center on the expansion stroke end side; andwhen the ...

PISTON STROKE ADJUSTMENT APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

An object of the present invention is to provide a novel piston stroke adjustment apparatus for an internal combustion engine that can increase a temperature of an air-fuel mixture during a compression stroke to thus improve and stabilize combustion and also can prevent or cut down a reduction in a temperature of exhaust gas during an expansion stroke at the time of a start of the internal combustion engine. According to one aspect of the present invention, the piston stroke adjustment apparatus increases a mechanical compression ratio during the compression stroke to thus increase the temperature of the air-fuel mixture at a compression top dead center, and reduces a mechanical expansion ratio during the expansion stroke to thus prevent or cut down the reduction in the temperature of the exhaust gas at an expansion bottom dead center, at the time of the start of the internal combustion engine. According to this aspect, the piston stroke adjustment apparatus can increase the temperature of the air-fuel mixture at the compression top dead center to thus improve and stabilize the combustion, and also can prevent or cut down the reduction in the temperature of the exhaust gas at the expansion bottom dead center, at the time of the start of the internal combustion engine. Due to this effect, the piston stroke adjustment apparatus allows the internal combustion engine to improve startability thereof and also reduce an exhaust amount of exhaust harmful components. 1. A piston stroke adjustment apparatus for an internal combustion engine , comprising:a piston position change mechanism capable of changing a mechanical compression ratio and a mechanical expansion ratio by changing a stroke position of a piston in a four-cycle internal combustion engine; anda control unit configured to set the mechanical compression ratio to a high ratio relative to the mechanical expansion ratio and set the mechanical expansion ratio to a low ratio relative to the mechanical compression ...

DRIVE SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC MOTOR

A drive system for an electric motor includes a first inverter that includes first switching elements, a second inverter that includes second switching elements, and a control unit that includes a first inverter control calculation section controlling on-off operation of each of the first switching elements based on a first carrier wave and a first modulation wave, a second inverter control calculation section controlling on-off operation of each of the second switching elements based on a second carrier wave and a second modulation wave, and a control synchronization section synchronizing the first carrier wave with the second carrier wave. When a sum of voltages of the first voltage source and the second voltage source is more than a voltage determination threshold, and torque of a rotating electric machine is smaller than a torque determination threshold, the control synchronization section synchronizes the first carrier wave with the second carrier wave. 1. A drive system for an electric motor , the system controlling drive of a rotating electric machine having windings for a plurality of phases , comprising:a first inverter that includes first switching elements and is connected to one end of each of the windings and a first voltage source;a second inverter that includes second switching elements and is connected to the other end of each of the windings and a second voltage source that is provided separately from the first voltage source; anda control unit that includes a first inverter control calculation section controlling an on-off operation of each of the first switching elements based on a first carrier wave and a first modulation wave, a second inverter control calculation section controlling an on-off operation of each of the second switching elements based on a second carrier wave and a second modulation wave, and a control synchronization section synchronizing the first carrier wave with the second carrier wave,wherein when a sum of a voltage of the ...

Fixing device, image forming apparatus and method of manufacturing fixing device

A fixing device receives a recording material having a toner image and applies pressure and heat to fix the toner image. The fixing device includes a fixing member, a sliding member, a pressing member, and a heating member. The fixing member has a rotatable endless belt shape that includes an inner circumferential resin layer. The sliding member is pressed against the inner circumferential surface of the fixing member with a lubricant interposed between the sliding member and the inner circumferential surface. The sliding member has a resin coating layer and slides on the inner circumferential surface. The pressing member presses the recording material toward an outer circumferential surface of the fixing member. The heating member generates heat to heat the recording material. A surface hardness of the inner circumferential surface of the fixing member is smaller than a surface hardness of the sliding surface of the sliding member.

Porous carbon electrode material, method for manufacturing the same, and carbon fiber paper

A carbon fiber paper characterized in that it comprises an organic polymer compound as a binder and carbon fibers including fine fibers having an average diameter of less than 5 µm and an average fiber length of 3-10 mm, a porous carbon electrode base material for fuel cells having a thickness of 0.05 to 0.5 mm, a bulk density of 0.3 to 0.8 g/cm3, a rate of strain of 10 mm/min, a bending strength of more than 10 MPa measured by a three-point bending test under the condition that the distance between the supports is 2 cm and the width of the test piece is 1 cm, and a deflection of the bending is 1.5 mm or more, and a method for producing a porous carbon electrode base material for fuel cells by impregnating the carbon fiber paper with a thermosetting resin, (setting the thermosetting resin by heating under pressure, and carbonize the resin are disclosed. The electrode base material has an excellent softness and an excellent bending strength, can be formed into a roll and produced with high productivity. The carbon fiber paper is preferably used for manufacturing the electrode base material.

Immunoassay method using magnetic marker particles

Immunological test method

A test method for determining the presence or absence of an antigen or antibody analyte in a sample. The sample is first reacted in a reaction vessel with magnetic carrier particles having immobilized thereon a substance which specifically binds to said analyte, thereby forming bound and unbound magnetic carrier particles. The bound and unbound magnetic carrier particles are then precipitated on a flat and substantially horizontal inside wall surface of said reaction vessel with a magnet provided outside the reaction vessel, such that a gradient magnetic field is formed in a plane perpendicular to a direction in which the bound and unbound magnetic particles are precipitated, thereby forming a precipitation image on the wall surface. Finally, the presence or absence of the analyte is determined by the shape of the precipitation image. The gradient magnetic field is formed by placing the magnet outside said reaction vessel such that the distance between the wall surface of the reaction vessel on which the precipitation image is formed and the surface of the magnet opposing the wall surface is gradually increased, thereby forming an effective angle between the magnet and the wall surface. The precipitation image is formed independently of the shape of the reaction vessel. When the wall surface of the vessel is flat, it is very easy to stably maintain the precipitation image after its formation.

System for driving and controlling CAM for internal combustion engine

An internal combustion engine includes a cam which actuates a valve by torque of a camshaft and is movable in the radial direction of the camshaft and includes a lift portion which moves forward and backward in the direction of the valve, a support mechanism which rotates the cam with the camshaft, and a device which engages the cam with the camshaft and releases the cam from the camshaft in accordance with engine operating conditions.

トリイソプロピルベンゼントリヒドロペルオキシド類の製造法

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Voltage conversion device and electric car

A voltage conversion device includes a forward direction conversion circuit for converting an input voltage from a DC power source into a desired output voltage by adjusting a duty ratio of semiconductor element switching. The device further includes a control section that controls the duty ratio according to at least a target output voltage and an output voltage so that the output voltage approaches the target output voltage. Based on an operational value of the control section, it is judged whether a failure has occurred. Thus, it is possible to judge whether a failure has occurred without constituting a dual system.

Electric car voltage conversion device with failure detection

A voltage conversion device includes a forward direction conversion circuit for converting an input voltage from a DC power source into a desired output voltage by adjusting a duty ratio of semiconductor element switching. The device further includes a control section that controls the duty ratio according to at least a target output voltage and an output voltage so that the output voltage approaches the target output voltage. Based on an operational value of the control section, it is judged whether a failure has occurred. Thus, it is possible to judge whether a failure has occurred without constituting a dual system.

内燃機関の吸排気弁制御装置および制御方法

(57)【要約】 【課題】 バルブリフト特性におけるランプ部Ｒ１，Ｒ ２のランプ速度を機関運転条件に応じた最適なものと し、着座音低減やバルブクリアランスによるバルブ開閉 時期のばらつき低減等の両立を図る。 【解決手段】 機関と同期回転する駆動軸の外周に、気 筒毎に分割した円筒状カムシャフトが配設され、両者を 連動させる環状ディスクの偏心位置に応じてカムシャフ トが不等速回転する。環状ディスクが同心位置にあれ ば、カムシャフトは等速回転し、カムプロフィールに沿 ったバルブリフト特性（破線）が得られる。環状ディス クの偏心位置では、カムシャフトと駆動軸との位相差に より、バルブリフト特性が実線のようになる。このと き、上り側ランプ速度は、同心時より大きくなり、下り 側ランプ速度は同心時より小さくなる。

Signal transmission system

Random access communication system

Thermoplastic resin composition and resin molded article

Thermoplastic resin composition and resin molded article

Patent JPS6345666B2

Kneader

(57)【要約】 【課題】 混練槽を形成する槽本体とサイドプレート、 及び槽本体と押さえ蓋との隅部は、混練材料の流れが悪 く停滞し、混練材料が凝集性、粘着度の高い場合には、 この隅部に固着して固形層を成形し、混練作業に支障を 来す恐れがある。本発明は混練作業を円滑に行うことの できる混練装置を提供する。 【解決手段】 断面Ｕ字状とした槽本体２と、その両側 に取付けられるサイドプレート３，４及び上部押さえ蓋 ５とにより混練槽Ａを構成し、対をなす混練ブレード ６，７を両サイドプレート３，４に回転可能に貫通支持 せしめる混練装置１において、上記両サイドプレート ３，４の底部及び両側面を槽本体２側に突出してその角 部を所要の曲率半径の曲面とし、押さえ蓋両端部も槽内 に突出し、その隅部及び混練ブレード６，７両側もこれ に倣って曲面としたことを特徴とする。

反応混合物の処理法

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Resin composition and molded article

The present invention provides a resin composition comprising polylactic acid and aliphatic polyester carbonate, which has practically adequate heat-resistance temperature, moldability, thermostability, solvent resistance and high mechanical strength, as well as a molded article thereof. In the resin composition, the Vicat softening point is 60° C. or more, the tensile modulus of elasticity is 0.9 GPa or more, the modulus in flexure is 0.6 GPa or more, and the mixing ratio of polylactic acid (A) and aliphatic polyester carbonate (B), in terms of the ratio of (A)/(B) by weight, is 95/5 to 5/95. Further, the present invention provides a biodegradable injection-molded article having improvements in mechanical characteristics and impact resistance and superior disposal properties, particularly having strength enough to make it usable as a headgear material for use in helmets. The biodegradable injection-molded article is excellent in impact resistance, comprising mainly polylactic acid (A) and aliphatic polyester (E) and/or aliphatic polyester carbonate (B). This injection-molded article has a flexural strength of 30 MPa or more and an Izod impact strength of 3 kJ/m 2 or more, and it is used as helmet headgear.

Biodegradable polyester/polyester carbonate resin composition

The present invention provides a resin composition comprising polylactic acid and aliphatic polyester carbonate, which has practically adequate heat-resistance temperature, moldability, thermostability, solvent resistance and high mechanical strength, as well as a molded article thereof. In the resin composition, the Vicat softening point is 60°C or more, the tensile modulus of elasticity is 0.9 GPa or more, the modulus in flexure is 0.6 GPa or more, and the mixing ratio of polylactic acid (A) and aliphatic polyester carbonate (B), in terms of the ratio of (A)/(B) by weight, is 95/5 to 5/95. Further, the present invention provides a biodegradable injection-molded article having improvements in mechanical characteristics and impact resistance and superior disposal properties, particularly having strength enough to make it usable as a headgear material for use in helmets. The biodegradable injection-molded article is excellent in impact resistance, comprising mainly polylactic acid (A) and aliphatic polyester (E) and/or aliphatic polyester carbonate (B). This injection-molded article has a flexural strength of 30 MPa or more and an Izod impact strength of 3 kJ/m 2 or more, and it is used as helmet headgear.

Nozzle for continuous casting for steel

(57)【要約】 【課題】 本発明の目的は、Ａｌ 2 Ｏ 3 介在物付着の抑制 効果及び耐スポーリング性を同時に具備する鋼の連続鋳 造用ノズルを提供することにある。 【解決手段】 本発明の鋼の連続鋳造用ノズルは、ノズ ル全体がＡｌ 2 Ｏ 3 ７２〜９０重量％、ＳｉＯ 2 １０〜２ ８重量％及び不可避不純物５重量％以下の化学組成を有 し、且つ主要鉱物相がムライト、ムライト及びコランダ ム及び／またはβ−アルミナであるＡｌ 2 Ｏ 3 ・ＳｉＯ 2 系耐火材料より構成されていることを特徴とする。ま た、他の態様によれば、本発明の鋼の連続鋳造用ノズル は、ノズルの内孔部及び／または溶鋼に接する部分が、 Ａｌ 2 Ｏ 3 ７２〜９０重量％、ＳｉＯ 2 １０〜２８重量％ 及び不可避不純物５重量％以下の化学組成を有し、且つ 主要鉱物相がムライト、ムライト及びコランダム及び／ またはβ−アルミナであるＡｌ 2 Ｏ 3 ・ＳｉＯ 2 系耐火材 料より構成されていることを特徴とする。

Intake/exhaust valve drive control device for internal combustion engine

(57)【要約】 【課題】 内燃機関全体としての構成を簡素化するとと もに、部品点数を少なくする。 【解決手段】 機関と同期回転する吸気側および排気側 の駆動軸１，２の外周に、気筒毎に分割した円筒状カム シャフト１１が配設され、環状ディスク１３，１４の偏 心位置に応じてカムシャフト３が不等速回転する。吸気 側の環状ディスク１３および排気側の環状ディスク１４ の双方が同一の制御ハウジング２０により回転自在に保 持される。偏心ブッシュ２６と偏心カム２５とによって 制御ハウジング２０が支持されており、偏心カム２５を 備えた制御シャフト２３が回転すると、制御ハウジング ２０が揺動し、両環状ディスク１３，１４が同時に偏心 動作する。

Aural signal transmission device

Carbon fiber paper and porous carbon electrode substratefor fuel cell therefrom

A carbon fiber paper including carbon fibers having a surface area ratio of 1.05 or more, and a porous carbon electrode substrate for a fuel cell having this carbon fiber paper as a constituent. The electrode substrate for a fuel cell has carbon fibers uniformly dispersed therein and is flexible. The carbon fiber paper is suitable for production of the electrode substrate.

Variable valve mechanism of internal combustion engine

When an actuation mechanism fails to operate and thus fails to control a turning of a control shaft of a valve lift varying mechanism, a moving member is enforcedly moved to an intermediate stable position by a biasing force that is produced by combining a first type force that biases the control shaft in a direction to increase a valve lift degree of an engine valve and a second type force that biases the control shaft in a direction to reduce the valve lift degree of the engine valve. The intermediate stable position of the moving member assures an easy engine starting even in a cold engine condition.

Resin-sealed semiconductor device and circuit used in device thereof

(57)【要約】 （修正有） 【課題】 半導体装置パッケージサイズにおけるチップ の占有率を上げ、半導体装置の小型化に対応させる。 【解決手段】 半導体素子の内部端子部１３１と外部端 子部１３２とを一体的に連結するリード部１３３とを略 平面内に複数個互いに独立して配置し、且つ、それぞれ の接続するための端子面を、互いに異なる面側に配設し た回路部であって、内部端子部、リード部は、外部端子 部より薄肉に形成され、外部端子部の端子面１３２Ｓ は、リード部の面より突出されている回路部を設けたも ので、半導体素子１１０は、半導体素子の端子部とは反 対の面を、回路部の内部端子部より内側の内部端子部の 端子面側の面において、回路部に絶縁層１２０を介して 接着固定して回路部に搭載され、半導体素子の端子部と 内部端子部の端子面とをワイヤにて電気的に接続してお り、且つ、回路部の外部端子部の一部を外部に露出さ せ、樹脂封止している。

Patent JPH0588422B2

Immunological analysis

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Drive unit, control method and program storage medium for the drive unit, and apparatus for generating energy

Carrier for biochemical analysis and manufacture thereof

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Cooling device for catv high output amplifier

(57)【要約】 【課題】 所定温度より高くなると冷却ファンにより冷 却動作し、その冷却動作中に上記所定温度よりも低い温 度より低くなると上記冷却動作を停止することにより効 率良く冷却を行うＣＡＴＶ高出力増幅器の冷却装置を提 供する。 【解決手段】 ＣＡＴＶシステムに使用する高出力増幅 器の発熱を強制冷却するための冷却装置であって、上記 高出力増幅器を空冷却するための冷却ファンと、上記高 出力増幅器の温度が第１の所定温度より高くなると上記 冷却ファンを動作させ上記高出力増幅器の温度が上記第 １の所定温度より低い第２の所定温度より低くなると上 記冷却ファンの動作を停止させる様に上記冷却ファンへ の電源の供給を切り替えるリレー切り替え手段とを具備 する。

Preparation of 2-hydroxynaphthalene-3-carboxylic acid

Joining method of laminate resin

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Initial synchronization system of two-wire two-way communication

Variable attenuator

Intake/exhaust valve driving control device for internal combustion engine

(57)【要約】 【課題】 環状ディスク１７外周面を強制潤滑し、焼き 付きを防止する。 【解決手段】 機関と同期回転する駆動軸１の外周に、 気筒毎に分割した円筒状カムシャフト１１が配設され、 両者を連動させる環状ディスク１７の偏心位置に応じて カムシャフト１１が不等速回転する。環状ディスク１７ は制御ハウジング１８に嵌合して回転自在に保持され る。制御ハウジング１８は偏心ブッシュを介して揺動可 能に支持され、制御シャフト２６の偏心カム２９によっ て偏心動作する。駆動軸１内部の潤滑油通路２から油孔 ８および環状油路９を通して環状ディスク１７内周に導 入された潤滑油は、環状ディスク１７の半径方向の油溝 １０を通して外周面に供給される。この潤滑油の一部 は、さらに偏心カム２９および偏心ブッシュの嵌合面に 供給される。

Variable valve system for internal combustion engine

(57)【要約】 【課題】 バルブタイミングとバルブリフトを可変制御 しつつ装置の横方向及び高さ方向の大きさを抑制して全 体のコンパクト化を図り、機関への搭載性の向上を図 る。 【解決手段】 駆動カム１５を一体に有するドライブシ ャフト１３と、該駆動カムの回転により揺動するロッカ アーム１８と、このロッカアームの揺動運動によりリン ク部材２０を介して揺動する揺動カム１７とを備え、該 揺動カムの揺動により吸気弁１２，１２を開閉作動させ ると共に、駆動手段２２によってサポートアーム２１を 上下方向へ回動させることにより、バルブリフトを可変 にする。前記揺動カム１７を駆動カム１５と同軸上にド ライブシャフト１３に設けると共に、前記サポートアー ム２１などを機関巾方向へ横倒し状態に配置すると共 に、ロッカアーム１８をドライブシャフト１３の横方向 に配置した。

Adaptive type predicitive encoder

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Shift controller for vehicle

(57)【要約】 【課題】 レンジ位置を高速側から低速側へ切り換えた ときに、急激な回転数の上昇による吸排気弁の不正運動 を有効に阻止する。 【解決手段】 レンジ位置検出スイッチ１２６によって レンジ位置の高速側から低速側への切換開始が検出され た時、低速側の変速マップから目標変速比を検出し、こ の目標変速比と車速センサ１０９で検出される車速とに 基づいて、変速終了時の機関回転数を推定する。この推 定回転数が、ポテンショメータ４７で検出されるバルブ リフト特性に応じて設定される限界回転数を越える場合 に、低速側変速マップを、そのダウン側の変速線が相対 的に低車速側へずれるように補正する。