ДВУХКОМПОНЕНТНЫЙ ЭЛЕКТРОН-СЕЛЕКТИВНЫЙ БУФЕРНЫЙ СЛОЙ И ФОТОВОЛЬТАИЧЕСКИЕ ЯЧЕЙКИ НА ЕГО ОСНОВЕ

Настоящее изобретение относится к использованию производных фуллеренов в оптоэлектронных устройствах, таких как фотовольтаические ячейки, формулы (I):,где F - [60]фуллерен или [70]фуллерен, М представляет собой COOH, r представляет собой целое число от 2 до 8, Z представляет собой группу -(СН)-, Ar, или -S-, n представляет собой число от 1 до 12, Y представляет собой алифатическую С-Суглеродную цепь, Ar представляет собой фенил, бифенил или нафтил и X представляет собой Н, Cl или независимую от Y С-Суглеродную цепь. Предложено новое применение указанных соединений в двухкомпонентном электрон-селективном буферном слое органической фотовольтаической ячейке, позволяющее повысить эффективность солнечных батарей. 9 з.п. ф-лы, 1 пр., 1 табл., 5 ил.

ПОДЛОЖКА ДЛЯ СОЛНЕЧНОГО ЭЛЕМЕНТА И СОЛНЕЧНЫЙ ЭЛЕМЕНТ

Согласно изобретению предложена подложка для солнечного элемента, на одном углу кремниевой подложки, имеющей квадратную форму на виде в плане, сформирован скошенный участок или сформировано углубление на углу подложки или вблизи угла. Изобретение позволяет легко контролировать положение подложки и определять направление подложки на этапе изготовления солнечного элемента, и препятствовать генерации отказов, обусловленных направлением подложки. 6 н.п. ф-лы, 3 ил.

Способ повышения эффективности преобразования поглощенной энергии электромагнитных волн светового потока в электрическую энергию батареей, собранной из фотоэлементов, изготовленных из монокристалла арсенида галлия

Изобретение относится к оптоэлектронике. Описан способ повышения эффективности преобразования поглощенной энергии электромагнитных волн светового потока в электрическую энергию, согласно изобретению связанный с образованием акусторезонансного электронно-электрического явления в структуре батареи, созданной из фотоэлементов монокристалла арсенида галлия, в результате создания в их структуре высокочастотных ультразвуковых сдвиговых волновых колебаний, образованных одним из возбужденных фотоэлементов данной батареи, возбужденным высокочастотным пьезоэлементом из ниобата лития, расположенного на поверхности этого фотоэлемента. Изобретение обеспечивает повышение эффективности преобразования поглощенной энергии электромагнитных волн светового потока в электрическую энергию. 1 з.п. ф-лы, 3 ил.

ИОННАЯ ЖИДКОСТЬ, СОДЕРЖАЩАЯ ИОН ФОСФОНИЯ, И СПОСОБ ЕЕ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ

Настоящее изобретение относится к ионным жидкостям на основе катиона, представленного формулой (I): ! ! где замещающие группы R1-R9 выбраны из водорода, алкила; любой атом углерода в R1-R9 может быть замещен группой -O-, -С(O)-, -С(O)O-, -S-, -S(O)-, -SO2- или -SO3-; Х представляет собой S, О или С; R8 и R9 существуют, только когда Х представляет собой углерод; анион выбран из групп [RSO3]-, [RfSO3]-, [(RfSO2)2N]-, [(FSO2)3C]-, [RCH2OSO3]-, [RC(O)O]-, [RfC(O)O]-, [CCl3C(O)O]-, [(CN)3C]-, [(CN)2CR]-, [(RO(O)C)2CR]-, [B(OR)4]-, [N(CF3)2]-, [N(CN)2]-, [AlCl4]-, PF6 -, BF4 -, SO4 2-, HSO4 -, ! NO3 -; где R представляет собой водород, галоген, алкил, алкенил, алкинил, циклоалкил, Rf представляет собой фторсодержащую замещающую группу. Технический результат - получение новых ионных жидкостей с улучшенными электрохимическими свойствами. 14 з.п.ф-лы, 2 ил.

Гетероструктурный фотоэлектрический преобразователь на основе кристаллического кремния

Изобретение относится к области полупроводниковых приборов, а именно к изготовлению активных слоев солнечных модулей на основе монокристаллического или поликристаллического кремния. Солнечный модуль на основе кристаллического кремния включает пластину поликристаллического или монокристаллического кремния; пассивирующий слой в виде аморфного гидрогенизированного кремния, нанесенный на каждую сторону пластины кремния; р-слой в виде аморфного гидрогенизированного кремния, нанесенный на верхнюю сторону пассивирующего слоя; n-слой, нанесенный на нижнюю сторону пассивирующего слоя; токосъемные слои, нанесенные на р-слой и n-слой. В качестве n-слоя применяют металлические оксиды n-типа, полученного методом магнетронного распыления или методом атомного наслаивания, или методом газофазного осаждения при пониженном давлении. В качестве металлического оксида n-типа используют оксид цинка (ZnO) или SnО, FеО, TiΟ, VO, МnO, CdO и другие металлические оксиды n-типа. Изобретение позволяет повысить производительность ...

УСТРОЙСТВО ФОТОЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОГО ПРЕОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И УСТРОЙСТВО СЧИТЫВАНИЯ ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЯ

Устройство фотоэлектрического преобразования включает в себя полупроводниковую подложку, имеющую одну главную поверхность, включающую в себя углубленные участки, и изолирующие тела в углубленных участках. Полупроводниковая подложка включает в себя элементы фотоэлектрического преобразования, каждый из которых включает в себя первую полупроводниковую область первого типа проводимости, вторую полупроводниковую область второго типа проводимости и третью полупроводниковую область второго типа проводимости, которая имеет по меньшей мере участок, расположенный ближе к главной поверхности относительно второй полупроводниковой области. Вторая полупроводниковая область имеет полярность информационного заряда. Вторая полупроводниковая область контактирует с первой и третьей полупроводниковыми областями. Пути информационного заряда расположены между углубленными участками в поперечном сечении, перпендикулярном главной поверхности. По меньшей мере одна из второй и третьей полупроводниковых областей ...

Конвертер для преобразования электромагнитной волны в постоянный электрический ток

Настоящее изобретение относится к области электротехники, в частности к конвертеру для преобразования электромагнитной волны в постоянный электрический ток. Технический результат заключается в упрощении конструкции конвертера. Конвертер содержит по меньшей мере одну антенну (1, 1') и по меньшей мере один выпрямитель (2) для преобразования переменного электрического тока в постоянный электрический ток, при этом указанный по меньшей мере один выпрямитель (2) последовательно соединен с указанной антенной. Антенна (1, 1') сконфигурирована для приема электромагнитной волны и резонирования на частоте указанной электромагнитной волны с выработкой переменного электрического тока, имеющего частоту, равную частоте указанной электромагнитной волны, а указанный выпрямитель содержит квантовый диод для выпрямления указанного переменного электрического тока с высокой скоростью. 14 з.п. ф-лы, 12 ил.

ТОНКОПЛЕНОЧНЫЙ ГИБРИДНЫЙ ФОТОЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКИЙ ПРЕОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬ И СПОСОБ ЕГО ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ

Настоящее изобретение относится к полупроводниковым гибридным структурам для преобразования энергии светового излучения в электрическую энергию и может быть использовано при создании альтернативных источников энергии. Согласно изобретению предложены тонкопленочные гибридные фотоэлектрические преобразователи (солнечные элементы), имеющие n-i-p конфигурацию, обеспечиваемую слоем, содержащим однослойные углеродные нанотрубки (ОСУНТ), и полимером, обладающим дырочной проводимостью и слоем, содержащим гидрогенизированный аморфный кремний (α-Si:H) n- и i-типа проводимости. Предложенный гибридный солнечный элемент, состоящий из последовательно нанесенных слоев: прозрачный субстрат, проводящий слой, слой аморфного кремния n-типа проводимости, слой аморфного кремния i-типа проводимости, слой композитной пленки, состоящей из ОCУНТ и PEDOT:PSS, и необязательно тонкий слой полиметилметакрилата (ПММА), позволил получить лучшие вольтамперные характеристики пленок, полученных из композиций согласно настоящему ...

Конструкция монолитного кремниевого фотоэлектрического преобразователя и способ ее изготовления

Изобретение относится к области многопереходных фотоэлектрических преобразователей (ФЭП), применяемых для солнечных батарей и фотоприемников космического и иного назначения. Монолитный кремниевый фотоэлектрический преобразователь содержит диодные ячейки с расположенными в них перпендикулярно горизонтальной светопринимающей поверхности, вертикальные p-n-переходы и расположенные в диодных ячейках, параллельно к светопринимающей поверхности, горизонтальные n-p(p-n) переходы, причем все диодные ячейки последовательно соединены в единую конструкцию металлическими катодными и анодными электродами, при этом каждая диодная ячейка (и их вертикальные p-n-переходы) изолирована от соседних с четырех сторон, сбоку - слоем диэлектрика, снизу - дополнительным горизонтальным p-n-переходом, образованным кремниевой подложкой p(n) типа проводимости и нижним горизонтальным n(p) слоем p-n-перехода, причем на верхней горизонтальной поверхности диодной ячейки расположен верхний горизонтальный p-n-переход, на ...

Фотохимический способ преобразования электромагнитного излучения в электрическую энергию

Изобретение относится к преобразованию электромагнитного излучения в электрическую энергию в широком спектре диапазонов длин волн от СВЧ до ультрафиолетового диапазона и может быть использовано для изготовления фотоэлектрических батарей электрохимического типа, на основе которых могут быть разработаны автономные источники питания электрической энергии на различные диапазоны мощностей. В электрохимическом способе преобразования электромагнитного излучения в электрическую энергию согласно изобретению в качестве основного реагента используют гетерополикислоту 2-18 ряда, имеющую химическую формулу H15[P2W9V9O62], при этом согласно предложенному способу приготавливают 10-25% водный раствор 2 гетерополикислоты H15[P2W9V9O62] в окисленной форме, который заливают в сосуд 1 и в сосуд 3 и соединяют оба сосуда между собой изогнутой трубкой 8, далее трубку 8 заполняют тем же раствором гетерополикислоты и с помощью этой же трубки 8 выравнивают уровни жидкости в обоих сосудах 1 и 3, затем в сосуд 3 опускают ...

ФОТОЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКИЙ ЭЛЕМЕНТ

Изобретение относится к области электротехники, а именно к фотоэлектрическим элементам, в которых в качестве материала фотоэлектродов и материала фотоэлемента используют диоксид кремния, и может быть использовано при изготовлении солнечных элементов, в которых диоксид кремния используется в одном из двух фотоэлектрических слоях. В предложенном фотоэлектрическом элементе тандемного типа, который содержит диоксид титана и диоксид кремния, частицы диоксида кремния, которые образуют первый фотоэлектрический слой (24), состоящий из диоксида кремния, тонко рассеяны на слое (23) зарядового обмена, который состоит из Pt и имеет шероховатость поверхности, и на первой проводящей пленке (22), которая состоит из легированного фтором оксида олова и также имеет шероховатость поверхности. Благодаря такой конфигурации может быть получен фотоэлектрический элемент с высокой эффективностью выработки электроэнергии. Повышение эффективности выработки электроэнергии фотоэлектрическим элементом за счет уменьшения ...

УСОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАННЫЙ СОЛНЕЧНЫЙ ЭЛЕМЕНТ

... 1. Усовершенствованный солнечный элемент, состоящий из ряда полупроводниковых промежуточных слоев, проводящего верхнего слоя, или ячейки, и проводящего нижнего слоя, или ячейки, отличающийся тем, что полупроводниковые промежуточные слои выполнены из смеси кремния, ртути и азотнокислого серебра. 2. Усовершенствованная солнечная пластина по п.1, отличающаяся тем, что для промежуточных слоев использована смесь долей ртути, составляющей от 40 до 65%, долей азотнокислого серебра, составляющей от 8 до 20%, и долей кремния, составляющей от 15 до 30%.

МОДУЛЬ СЕНСИБИЛИЗИРОВАННЫХ КРАСИТЕЛЕМ СОЛНЕЧНЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ, ИМЕЮЩИЙ ПОСЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬНУЮ КОНСТРУКЦИЮ, И СПОСОБ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ СОЛНЕЧНОГО ЭЛЕМЕНТА

... 1. Модуль сенсибилизированных красителем солнечных элементов (1), имеющий последовательную конструкцию включающую, по меньшей мере, два сенсибилизированных красителем солнечных элемента (2a-c), расположенных рядом друг с другом и соединенных последовательно, причем каждый солнечный элемент включает:- рабочий электрод (3),- первый электропроводный слой (4) для вывода произведенных фотоэлектронов из рабочего электрода,- противоэлектрод, включающий второй электропроводный слой (5),- электролит для переноса электронов из противоэлектрода в рабочий электрод и- последовательный соединительный элемент (6) для электрического соединения противоэлектрода и рабочего электрода соседнего солнечного элемента,отличающийся тем, что модуль солнечных элементов включает пористую изоляционную подложку (7), первый электропроводный слой представляет собой пористый электропроводный слой, сформированный на одной стороне пористой изоляционной подложки, а второй электропроводный слой представляет собой пористый ...

ЭЛЕМЕНТ ФОТОЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОГО ПРЕОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

... 1. Элемент фотоэлектрического преобразования, содержащий:слой фотоэлектрического преобразования; ифотонный кристалл, предусмотренный внутри слоя фотоэлектрического преобразования таким образом, чтобы иметь фотонную запрещенную зону, причем фотонный кристалл сконструирован так, чтобы столбчатые среды, чей показатель преломления меньше, чем показатель преломления среды слоя фотоэлектрического преобразования, были периодически предусмотрены внутри среды слоя фотоэлектрического преобразования, и были предусмотрены дефекты, где не предусмотрены столбчатые среды, для того чтобы обеспечивать уровень дефекта в фотонной запрещенной зоне,когда длиной волны резонансного пика, соответствующего уровню дефекта является λ, столбчатые среды предусмотрены двумерным образом с шагом не менее чем λ/7 и не более чем λ/2, по отношению к длине волны λ, иудовлетворено отношение 0,2 Q≤Q≤5,4 Q,при этом, Qявляется значением Q, представляющим величину эффекта резонанса, произведенного связью между фотонным кристаллом ...

СЕНСИБИЛИЗИРОВАННЫЙ КРАСИТЕЛЕМ СОЛНЕЧНЫЙ ЭЛЕМЕНТ, ВКЛЮЧАЮЩИЙ ПОРИСТУЮ ИЗОЛЯЦИОННУЮ ПОДЛОЖКУ, И СПОСОБ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ ПОРИСТОЙ ИЗОЛЯЦИОННОЙ ПОДЛОЖКИ

Изобретение относится к области электротехники и может быть использовано при изготовлении сенсибилизированного красителем солнечного элемента с пористой изоляционной подложкой, выполненной из керамических и органических волокон. Предложенная пористая изоляционная подложка изготовлена из микроволокон и содержит слой (5) тканых микроволокон и слой (6) нетканых микроволокон, нанесенный на первую сторону слоя тканых микроволокон, причем по меньшей мере часть нетканых микроволокон нанесена в отверстиях между ткаными микроволокнами и толщина слоя (6) нетканых микроволокон изменяется в зависимости от расположения отверстий (14) в слое (5) тканых микроволокон таким образом, что слой (6) нетканых микроволокон толще в указанных отверстиях и тоньше на поверхности микроволокон слоя тканых микроволокон. Повышение механической прочности подложки при уменьшении ее толщины является техническим результатом изобретения.10 з.п. ф-лы, 5 ил., 3 пр.

МЕТАЛЛСОДЕРЖАЩАЯ КОМПОЗИЦИЯ, СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СТРУКТУР ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОГО КОНТАКТА НА ЭЛЕКТРОННЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТАХ И ЭЛЕКТРОННЫЙ ЭЛЕМЕНТ

... 1. Металлсодержащая композиция для получения структуры электрического контакта на электронном элементе, включающая: ! а) по меньшей мере один порошок электропроводящего металла, и/или порошок металлического сплава, и/или по меньшей мере одно металлоорганическое соединение электропроводящего металла в количестве от 20 до 80 мас.% относительно 100 мас.% композиции, ! б) по меньшей мере один первый оксидный материал, выбранный из группы, состоящей из стекол, керамики, оксидов металлов с температурой плавления ниже 1000°C и/или металлорганических соединений, образованных из металлов, содержащихся в вышеуказанных стеклах, керамике и/или оксидах металлов, и/или их смесей, ! в) по меньшей мере один второй оксидный материал, выбранный из группы, состоящей из керамики и/или оксидов металлов с температурой плавления по меньшей мере 1100°C и/или металлорганических соединений, образованных из металлов, содержащихся в вышеуказанных керамике, и/или оксидах металлов, и/или их смесей, а также ! г) по меньшей ...

ТОНКОПЛЕНОЧНЫЙ ГИБРИДНЫЙ ФОТОЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКИЙ ПРЕОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬ И СПОСОБ ЕГО ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ

ДАТЧИК ПРИСУТСТВИЯ

... 1. Способ изготовления устройства (100; 200; 300; 400) датчика, содержащего термодатчик (23), батарею (33), антенну (34), электронную схему (22) и солнечный элемент (43), вместе, как единое целое в одном полупроводниковом носителе (10), содержащий этапы, на которых:обеспечивают кремниевую пластину (10), имеющую тело (13) пластины с двумя противоположными, взаимно параллельными основными поверхностями (11, 12);изготавливают, на первом этапе обработки, первый функциональный слой (20) в или на одной из вышеупомянутых основных поверхностей, содержащий участок (21) термодатчика, по меньшей мере, с одним термодатчиком (23), и изготавливают функциональный слой (20), содержащий электронную схему (22), компонуемую в неперекрывающемся взаимном расположении с участком (21) термодатчика;изготавливают, на втором этапе обработки, следующем за первым этапом обработки, второй функциональный слой (30), имеющий участок (32) материала, содержащий батарею (33) и антенну (34), компонуемый в неперекрывающемся ...

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Bearbeiten streifenförmiger Substrate

Die Erfindung betrifft zunächst eine Vorrichtung zum Bearbeiten, insbesondere Beschichten eines streifenförmigen Substrates (1) in einer Bearbeitungskammer (2), mit einer in der Bearbeitungskammer (2) um eine Drehachse (18) drehbar gelagerten Bearbeitungswalze (3), auf deren Mantelfläche das von einer ersten Spule (6) abgewickelte Substrat (1) wendelgangartig aufliegend, kontinuierlich bearbeitet, insbesondere beschichtet wird, wobei das bearbeitete, insbesondere beschichtete Substrat (1) auf einer zweiten Spule (7) aufgewickelt wird. Um im kontinuierlichen Durchlauf streifenförmige Substrate mit einer Schicht aus Graphene oder einer Schicht aus Nanoröhrchen zu beschichten, wird eine Gaseinlass/-auslass/-Einrichtung (8, 9, 10) zur Erzeugung eines im Wesentlichen parallel zur Drehachse (18) gerichteten Gasstroms (11, 12) vorgeschlagen. Weiter betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Beschichten eines streifenförmigen Substrates (1) in einer Vorrichtung.

NANOSTRUKTURIERTE GERÄTE

Photovoltaische Vorrichtung, umfassend mindestens zwei elektrische Kontakte, p-Dotierstoffe und n-Dotierstoffe, weiter umfassend eine Bulk-Region und eine Region mit Nanostrukturen, die die Bulk-Region kontaktieren, wobei alle Nanostrukturen eine vorherrschende Art von Dotierstoff, n oder p, aufweisen und mindestens ein Abschnitt der Bulk-Region außerdem diese vorherrschende Art von Dotierstoff umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich einer der elektrischen Kontakte zu dem Bereich erstreckt, in dem die Nanostrukturen die Bulk-Region kontaktieren.

Solarzellen

Solarzelle, erhältlich nach einem Verfahren, umfassend das Ätzen eines Silicium-Wafers mit einem Gasgemisch bestehend aus 0,1 bis 20 Vol.-% F, 2,5 bis 1.000 ppmV HF, gegebenenfalls ein weiteres Gas mit einem oder mehreren Inertgasen als Rest zu 100 Vol.-%.

Silicium for n-Typ Solarzellen und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von mit Phosphor dotiertem Silicium

Es ist eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, aluminiumhaltiges Silicium für n-Typ Solarzellen bereitzustellen. Sie stellt ferner unter wirtschaftlichem Gesichtspunkt ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von gereinigtem mit Phosphor dotiertem Silicium ausicium für n-Typ Solarzellen bereit, das Aluminium in einer Massenkonzentration von 0,001 bis 1,0 ppm und Phosphor in einer Massenkonzentration von 0,0011 bis 1,1 ppm enthält und ein Massenkonzentrationsverhältnis von Phosphor zu Aluminium von 1,1 oder höher aufweist. Sie stellt ferner ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von mit Phosphor dotiertem Silicium bereit, umfassend: das Herstellen eines geschmolzenen Gemisches, enthaltend Aluminium, Phosphor und Silicium, durch Erwärmen und Schmelzen von aluminiumhaltigem Silicium, um ein geschmolzenes Produkt zu erhalten, und dann Zugeben von Phosphor zu dem erhaltenen geschmolzenen Produkt oder durch Zugeben von Phosphor zu aluminiumhaltigem Silizium, um ein Gemisch zu erhalten, und Erwärmen und Schmelzen ...

Videospeicheranordnung.

Aluminiumpastenzusammensetzung und Solarzellenelement, in dem die Zusammensetzung verwendet wird

Aluminiumpastenzusammensetzung zum Bilden einer Elektrode (8) auf einem Siliziumhalbleitersubstrat (1), umfassend ein Aluminiumpulver, einen organischen Träger und einen Weichmacher.

Quantenpunkt-Photovoltaikvorrichtung und deren Herstellungsverfahren

Die vorliegende Erfindung stellt eine halbleiterbasierte Photovoltaikvorrichtung und ein Herstellungsverfahren dafür bereit. Die halbleiterbasierte Photovoltaikvorrichtung ist in der Lage, Licht mit einer breitbandigen Wellenlänge zu absorbieren und hat eine hohe photoelektrische Konversionseffizienz, weil sie eine hohe Separationseffizienz für Elektron-Loch-Paare aufweist. Spezieller umfasst das verfahren zur Herstellung der Photovoltaikvorrichtung die Schritte a) Ausbilden einer Halbleiterquantenpunktdünnschicht auf einem Halbleitersubstrat vom p- oder n-Typ, wobei die Halbleiterquantenpunktdünnschicht innerhalb eines Mediums, bei welchem derselbe Typ von Störstellen wie das Halbleitersubstrat dotiert sind, Halbleiterquantenpunkte beinhaltet; b) Ausbilden einer Porenanordnung durch Teilätzung, wobei die Porenanordnung die Halbleiterquantenpunktdünnschicht durchdringt; c) Abscheiden eines Halbleiters, in welchem zu dem Halbleitersubstrat komplementäre Störstellen dotiert sind, auf der ...

Dünnfilm-Solarzelle auf CIS-Basis

Es wird eine Dünnfilm-Solarzelle 10 auf CIS-Basis gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung offenbart, in der eine Rückseitenelektrodenschicht 14, die durch ein Muster 1 (P1) unterteilt ist, eine Licht-Absorptionsschicht 16 auf CIS-Basis und ein transparenter, leitfähiger Film sequentiell auf einem Substrat 12 gebildet sind. Die Dünnfilm-Solarzelle auf CIS-Basis ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rückseitenelektrodenschicht 14 eine Zwischenschicht 20 auf der Oberfläche umfasst, die in Kontakt mit der Licht-Absorptionsschicht 16 auf CIS-Basis steht, wobei die Zwischenschicht 20 aus einer Verbindung eines Metalls, das die Rückseitenelektrodenschicht 14 aufbaut, und eines Elements der Gruppe VI, das die Licht-Absorptionsschicht 16 auf CIS-Basis aufbaut, zusammengesetzt ist; wobei die Zwischenschicht 20 einen ersten Zwischenschichtabschnitt 20a, der auf der oberen Oberfläche, die parallel zum Substrat 12 ist, gebildet ist, und einen zweiten Zwischenschichtabschnitt 20b, der auf der lateralen ...

Phonon cell used in phonon accumulator or panel, consists of conversion layer containing specific compound semiconductor having band gap below preset value

A phonon cell consists of conversion layer containing group II-IV compound semiconductor having band gap of less than 0.5 eV, preferably less than 0.3 eV. The semiconductor contains organic polymer with water content of 0.05-1.0 %mass. Independent claims are included for the following: (1) use of the phonon accumulator or panel to autonomous uninterrupted power supply; and (2) use of the organic polymer.

Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Solarzelle mit einer zweistufigen Dotierung

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Solarzellen mit einer zweistufigen Dotierung (9, 11) aufweisend die Verfahrensschritte des starken Dotierens (50) zumindest eines Teils des Solarzellensubstrats (1), des wenigstens zeitweisen Schützens von dotierten Bereichen (8), in welchen stark dotierte Bereiche (9) der zweistufigen Dotierung (9, 11) ausgebildet werden sollen, gegenüber einem Ätzmedium und des Zurückätzens (54; 62, 64; 72, 74) ungeschützter dotierter Bereiche (17) des Solarzellensubstrats (1) mittels des Ätzmediums, wobei zum Zwecke des Schützens der dotierten Bereiche Opferstrukturen (7) auf die zu schützenden Bereiche (8) aufgebracht werden (52), welche beim Zurückätzen (54; 62, 64; 72, 74) der ungeschützten dotierten Bereiche wenigstens teilweise geätzt werden (54; 62, 64; 72, 74).

Solarzellen-Vorrichtung mit einer Sonnenstrahlverfolgung für ein Fahrzeug

Es ist eine Solarzellen-Vorrichtung mit einer Sonnenstrahlverfolgung für ein Fahrzeug offenbart. Die Vorrichtung umfasst ein Fahrzeug-Karosserie-Paneel mit einer Oberseite, auf welcher eine Solarzelle montiert ist, eine oder mehrere höhenverstellbare Stellvorrichtungen, die auf einer Unterseite des Fahrzeug-Karosserie-Paneels angebracht sind und sich nach oben und unten bewegen, und eine integrierte Steuerung, die einen Betrieb der höhenverstellbaren Stellvorrichtungen durch integrales Verwenden von Signalen steuert, die von verschiedenen in dem Fahrzeug montierten Sensoren ausgegeben werden, welche durch die integrierte Steuerung verwendet werden, um die effizienteste Positionierung für die Solarzelle zu bestimmen.

Planarer Wolfram-Strahler mit einer Beschichtung aus Keramik-Mikrokugeln

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen planaren Wolfram-Strahler mit Keramikmikrobeschichtung, bestehend aus einer ersten Schicht, wobei die erste Schicht eine periodische oder aperiodische Anordnung von Keramik-Mikrokugeln aufweist; einer flachen zweiten Schicht, wobei die zweite Schicht eine Oxidationsschutzschicht in innigem Kontakt mit der ersten Schicht umfasst; und einer dritten Schicht, wobei die dritte Schicht eine Wolframgrundplatte in Kontakt mit der zweiten Schicht umfasst.

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Substraten an einem Träger

Bei einer Vorrichtung und einem Verfahren zur Reinigung von Substraten an einem Träger, an dessen Unterseite die Substrate parallel zueinander mit geringem Abstand zueinander befestigt sind, weist der Träger in seinem Inneren mehrere parallel zueinander verlaufende Längskanäle auf. Durch das Zersägen der Wafer gehen sie mit Öffnungen in Zwischenräume zwischen den Substraten über. Durch eine Relativbewegung wird ein längliches Rohr in mindestens einen der Längskanäle eingebracht, wobei aus dem Rohr Reinigungsflüssigkeit ausgebracht wird, wobei die Relativbewegung im Wesentlichen durch Bewegen des Trägers erreicht wird.

Solar cell and method for producing same

System and method for installing solar panels

A controller for a plurality of system of solar panels is provided. An input connector is configured to receive (a) power from the plurality of solar panels, and (b) information from the individual solar panels. An output is configured to forward from the input connector the power from the plurality of solar panels; A controller is configured to receive the information, and based on the information selectively enable or disable the flow of power from the input to the output. The controller enables the flow of power when (a) a number of solar panels connected to the input is within a first threshold, and (b) the total rated output of solar panels connected to the input is within a second threshold. The controller disables the flow of power when (a) a number of solar panels connected to the input exceeds the first threshold, and/or (b) the total rated output of solar panels connected exceeds the second threshold.

A method of generating electricity

Polymeric compound, thin polymer film, and thin polymer film element including the same

PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICE

Ruthenium complex and its use in a dye-sensitized solar cell

... 1. A ruthenium complex, which is represented by the following formula (I):RuL2(NCS)2Am(I)whereinL is 2,2'-bipyridyl-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid, 2,2'-bipyridyl-4,4'-disulfonic acid, or 2,2'-bipyridyl-4,4'-diphosphonic acid;A is a quaternary phosphonium cation; andm is 1, 2, 3, or 4. The ruthenium complex can be used in a Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC). Hence, the photoelectric characteristics of the DSSC manufactured witn the ruthenium complex of the present invention can be improved.

Electrochemical cell and method of manufacture

Portable electronic device charger making use of flexible thin film solar cells

A portable solar charger with multiple thin film solar cells 1 that are deployed from the device housing 2 in a pivotal radial manner forming a full or partial circle, similar to a fan or petals, to provide maximum surface area for solar collection. The charging device is used to charge the battery of personal electronic devices such as mobile phones and tablets, via a connector 3 on the housing. The connector is preferably within a moulded cradle that can support a small electronic device allowing continued usage whilst recharging. When not in use, the photovoltaic cells are retracted back into the housing for protection and portability, reducing the overall size.

Multilayer photovoltaic electric energy generatingcompound and process for its preparation and appl ication

A PHOTOVOLTAIC ELEMENT WITH AN INCLUDED RESONATOR

Primary packaging comprising photovoltaic device

A photovoltaic element with an include resonator

A photovoltaic element with an include resonator

TRANSPARANTES SUBSTRATE WITH INVISIBLE ELECTRODES AND DEVICES WITH THIS SUBSTRATE

PROCEDURES FOR FORMING A IN A PROCESS BOAT FOR POSITIONINGS BAKE-TON-BAKE WAFER LOAD AND HANDLING SYSTEM FOR FORMING BAKE-TON-BAKE WAFER LOAD

MECHANISM AND PROCEDURE FOR APPLYING AN EVEN ONE, THIN ONES LIQUID LAYER ON SUBSTRATES

LAMINATES WITH THERMOPLASTIC POLYSILOXANHARNSTOFF COPOLYMERS

THERMOPHOTOVOLTAI SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE

CONDUCTIVE THICK-FILM COMPOSITION AND PROCEDURE FOR YOUR USE WITH THE PRODUCTION OF SEMICONDUCTOR COMPONENTS

LEAD FREE SOLAR CELL CONTACTS

COLORING MATERIAL-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELL WITH EXTENDED WAVELENGTH COVERAGE AND HESTELLUNGSVERFAHREN

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A SOLAR CELL AS WELL AS THEREBY MANUFACTURED SOLAR CELL

PROCEDURE FOR THE SELECTIVE DOPING OF SILICON

2,2 - BIPYRIDIN LIGAND, SENSITIZATION COLORING MATERIAL AND COLORING MATERIAL-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELL

Inverter with programming interface

Wechselrichter zur Umwandlung einer Gleichspannung in eine Wechselspannung mit einer Wechselrichtersteuerung, die an eine Programmierschnittstelle des Wechselrichters angeschlossen ist, über die Wechselrichter-Softwarekomponenten nachladbar sind.

PHOTOVOLTAI DEVICE

SEMICONDUCTOR COMPONENT, IN PARTICULAR A SOLAR CELL, AS WELL AS PROCEDURE FOR ITS PRODUCTION

Process for producing semiconductor substrate

Lead free solar cell contacts

Formulations and methods of making solar cells are disclosed. In general, the invention presents a solar cell contact made from a mixture wherein the mixture comprises a solids portion and an organics portion, wherein the solids portion comprises from about 85 to about 99 wt% of a metal component, and from about 1 to about 15 wt% of a lead-free glass component. Both front contacts and back contacts are disclosed.

Method for forming semiconductor substrate and electrode, and method for manufacturing solar battery

Nanoparticle sensitized nanostructured solar cells

Buried-contact solar cells with self-doping contacts

Device and method for application of an even thin fluid layer to substrates

Electroconductive thick film composition, electrode, and solar cell formed therefrom

DYE SENSITIZATION PHOTOELECTRIC CONVERTER AND PROCESS FOR FABRICATING THE SAME

Method for the selective doping of silicon and silicon substrate treated therewith

Method for producing resin composition for solar cell sealing material, resin composition for solar cell sealing material, solar cell sealing material, and solar cell module

Disclosed is a method for producing a resin composition for a solar cell sealing material having good storage stability, which enables cost reduction by reducing the processing time. Also disclosed is a solar cell sealing material which is obtained using a resin composition for a solar cell sealing material produced by the method. The solar cell sealing material is free from the formation of bumps and has good transparency. Specifically disclosed is a method for producing a resin composition for a solar cell sealing material, which comprises: a step of preparing, as starting material components, (A) an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer that contains a vinyl acetate unit in an amount of 25-35% by weight and (B) a crosslinking agent that has an impregnation weight of 40-80 mg per 24 hours at 23°C with respect to 1 g of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (A); and a step of impregnating the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (A) with the crosslinking agent (B) at a temperature of 15-80°C.

Substrate for solar cell, and solar cell

Provided is a substrate for a solar cell, wherein a flat chamfered portion is formed on one corner of a silicon substrate having a square shape in a planar view, or a notch is formed on the corner or close to the corner. This invention makes it possible to easily check the position of the substrate and determine the direction of the substrate in a solar cell manufacturing step, and suppresses failures generated due to the direction of the substrate.

Semiconductor substrate, method for forming electrode, and method for manufacturing solar cell

Laminates comprising thermoplastic polysiloxane urea copolymers

Method for forming semiconductor substrate and electrode, and method for manufacturing solar battery

This invention provides a semiconductor substrate with an electrode formed thereon. The electrode contains at least silver and a glass frit, and has a multilayer structure comprising a first electrode layer joined directly to the semiconductor substrate, and an upper electrode layer having a single or multilayer structure and disposed on the first electrode layer. The upper electrode layer is a fired product of an electroconductive paste having a total silver content of not less than 75% by weight and not more than 95% by weight. The proportion of the content of silver particles having an average particle diameter of not less than 4 m and not more than 8 m in the upper electrode layer to the total content of silver in the upper electrode layer is higher than the proportion of the content of silver particles having an average particle diameter of not less than 4 m and not more than 8 m in first electrode layer to the total content of silver in the first electrode layer. According to the ...

Organic photosensitive devices

Solar cell and manufacturing method thereof

Disclosed is a solar cell having a silicon monocrystal substrate surface with a textured structure and, near the surface of said substrate, a damage layer reflecting the slice processing history from the time of manufacture of the silicon monocrystal substrate. The damage layer near the surface of the silicon monocrystal substrate is derived from the slice processing history at the time of manufacture of the substrate and functions as a gettering site, contributing to a longer lifetime of the substrate minority carriers. Thanks to this effect, the solar cell characteristics are dramatically increased. Further, new damage need be inflicted, and no additional work is required because damage from the slicing is used.

Apparatus and method for solar cells with laser fired contacts in thermally diffused doped regions

This invention relates to an apparatus and a method for solar cells with laser fired contacts in thermally diffused doped regions. The cell includes a doped wafer and a plurality of first highly doped regions having a first conductivity type. The cell also includes a plurality of second highly doped regions having an opposite conductivity type from the first conductivity type and a passivation layer disposed over at least a portion of each the plurality of first highly doped regions and the plurality of second highly doped regions. The cell also includes a network of conductors having a first conductor and a second conductor, and a plurality of contacts electrically connecting the first highly doped regions with the first conductor and electrically connecting the second highly doped regions with the second conductor.

Method of diagnosing the failure of a photovoltaic generator

Diagnosis method for a photovoltatic generator, characterized in that it employs a step of observing how the voltage of the generator varies when it switches from a short-circuit operating mode to an open-circuit mode, or vice versa.

Method and device for treating a wafer

In a method for coating a wafer to produce solar cells, a metal such as nickel, copper, or silver is deposited on the wafer in a continuous process in a coating bath containing said metal. A wafer is inserted into the coating bath, and at a time at which a first area of the wafer already extends into the coating bath but a second area does not yet extend into the coating bath, a current surge is applied to the second area of the wafer to initiate the galvanic deposition of the metal on the first area of the wafer reaching into the coating bath for a subsequent further automatic coating, with the wafer completely inserted into the coating bath, also of the remaining area of the wafer without further current surge or current flow.

Textured superstrates for photovoltaics

Textured superstrates for photovoltaic cells, for example, silicon tandem photovoltaic cells with light scattering properties which are sufficient for light trapping independent of wavelength are described herein. Features of a textured surface of a superstrate, via the method(s) used to make the textured superstrate, can be tailored to provide the desired light scattering/trapping properties. The method includes grinding and lapping or grinding, lapping, and etching of a glass superstrate.

Photoelectric conversion device wherein dye consisting of binuclear ruthenium complex having substituted bipyridyl groups is used, and photochemical cell

A dye consisting of a binuclear ruthenium complex having substituted bipyridyl groups, said binuclear ruthenium complex being represented by general formula (1) [wherein R, R, R and R are each independently straight-chain or branched C alkyl, with the proviso that R and/or R is straight-chain or branched C alkyl and R and/or R is straight-chain or branched C alkyl; X is a counter ion; and n represents the number of counter ions that is necessary to neutralize the electric charge of the complex, with the proviso that the proton (H) of one or more of the carboxyl (-COOH) groups may be in a dissociated state].

DEPOSITION FEEDSTOCK AND DOPANT MATERIALS USEFUL IN THE FABRICATION OF HYDROGENATED AMORPHOUS SILICON ALLOYS FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES AND OTHER SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES

Conductive glass and photoelectric conversion device using same

Ruthenium complex and photoelectric component using the same

RUTHENIUM COMPLEX AND PHOTOELECTRIC COMPONENT USING THE The present invention relates to a ruthenium complex and a photoelectric component 5 using the same, and the ruthenium complex is represented by the following formula (I): RuL 2(NCS)2Am (I) wherein L, A and m are defined the same as the specification. The ruthenium complex of the present invention is suitable for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC). io Hence, the photoelectric characteristics of the DSSC manufactured with the ruthenium complex of the present invention can be improved.

Titanate interfacial layers in perovskite material devices

Photovoltaic devices such as solar cells, hybrid solar cell-batteries, and other such devices may include an active layer disposed between two electrodes. The active layer may have perovskite material and other material such as mesoporous material, interfacial layers, thin-coat interfacial layers, and combinations thereof. The perovskite material may be photoactive. The active layer may include a titanate. The perovskite material may be disposed between two or more other materials in the photovoltaic device. Inclusion of these materials in various arrangements within an active layer of a photovoltaic device may improve device performance. Other materials may be included to further improve device performance, such as, for example: additional perovskites, and additional interfacial layers.

Dye, photoelectric conversion element using the same, photoelectrochemical cell, and method of producing dye

A dye having a structure represented by general formula (1A). [In general formula (1A), A represents an atom group required, together with a carbon-nitrogen bond, for the formation of a ring; either Y ...

Method for manufacturing mesoporous materials, materials so produced and use of mesoporous materials

The present invention relates to a new synthetise for the preparation of mesoporous structures including mesoporous materials with chiral morphologies and mesoporous materials with localor surface chirality. The method can be used for manufacturing controlled drug delivery devices, for example for delivery of folic acid, and fluorescent particles.

Photovoltaic element and method of and apparatus for manufacturing the same

Heating element

METHOD FOR UTILIZING HEAVILY DOPED SILICON FEEDSTOCK TO PRODUCE SUBSTRATES FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS BY DOPANT COMPENSATION DURING CRYSTAL GROWTH

A method for using relatively low-cost silicon with low metal impurity co ncentration by adding a measured amount of dopant and or dopants before and/ or during silicon crystal growth so as to nearly balance, or compensate, the p-type and n-type dopants in the crystal, thereby controlling the net dopin g concentration within an acceptable range for manufacturing high efficiency solar cells.

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TREATING A WAFER

In a method for coating a wafer to produce solar cells, a metal such as nickel, copper, or silver is deposited on the wafer in a continuous process in a coating bath containing said metal. A wafer is inserted into the coating bath, and at a time at which a first area of the wafer already extends into the coating bath but a second area does not yet extend into the coating bath, a current surge is applied to the second area of the wafer to initiate the galvanic deposition of the metal on the first area of the wafer reaching into the coating bath for a subsequent further automatic coating, with the wafer completely inserted into the coating bath, also of the remaining area of the wafer without further current surge or current flow.

CONDUCTIVE INKS

A conductive ink substantially free of frit and photovoltaic cells having conductive gridlines formed from a conduc-tive ink substantially free of glass frit are described. Conductive inks according embodiments of the present invention are adapted to adhere to the surface of a substrate and, upon firing, form a solid metal oxide phase and cause a conductive species to form an electri-cal conductor on the substrate. In further embodiments, the conductive ink is capable of penetrating anti-reflection coatings disposed on surfaces of substrates. In accordance with one or more embodiments, the conductive inks include a plurality of metallo-organic components which form a solid metal oxide phase upon firing and a conductive species. In other embodiments, the conductive inks include a plurality of precursors, including one or more precursors which form conductive elements upon firing or heating.

NANOSTRUCTURED DEVICES

A photovoltaic device is provided. It comprises at least two electrical contacts, p type dopants and n type dopants. It also comprises a bulk region and nanowires in an aligned array which contact the bulk region. All nanowires in the array have one predominant type of dopant, n or p, and at least a portion of the bulk region also comprises that predominant type of dopant. The portion of the bulk region comprising the predominant type of dopant typically contacts the nanowire array. The photovoltaic devices' p-n junction would then be found in the bulk region. The photovoltaic devices would commonly comprise silicon.

SOLAR POWER GENERATION APPARATUS CAPABLE OF TRACKING SUNLIGHT

The present invention relates to a solar power generation apparatus, which comprises: torque tubes which are arranged to form a plurality of columns; a plurality of solar panels which are installed along each torque tube; posts which rotatably support each torque tube; lever arms which are coupled with each torque tube; a linkage which is disposed on the lower side of the torque tubes and is connected to each lever arm; an actuator which reciprocates the linkage in the longitudinal direction of the linkage, thereby rotating the torque tubes around an axis based on the longitudinal direction of the torque tubes; and a bed frame which is installed between some of the plurality of posts, wherein the actuator is supported thereon.

PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICE

A photovoltaic device includes a substrate, a first electrode, a second electrode, and an active layer between the first electrode and the second electrode. The active layer comprises a polyarylamine biscarbonate ester of Formula (I): (see formula I) wherein Ar1, Ar2, Ar3, Ar4, R, m, y, and n are as described herein. The photovoltaic device can be fabricated in an ambient environment and does not need significant processing.

COMBINED PHOTOVOLTAIC-THERMOELECTRIC SOLAR CELL AND SOLAR CELL ARRAY

COMBINED PHOTOVOLTAIC-THERMOELECTRIC SOLAR CELL AND SOLAR CELL ARRAY A solar cell (10) generates an electrical voltage with contributions from both photovoltaic and thermoelectric effects, when a high thermal gradient is impressed across a semiconductor p/n solar cell. To achieve a substantial thermoelectric voltage contribution, the front side (12) of the solar cell (10) is heated to an elevated temperature consistent with efficient operation of the photovoltaic mechanism of the solar cell, and the back side (14) of the solar cell (10) is cooled to a lower temperature. The magnitude of the thermoelectric voltage contribution is increased by reducing the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the solar cell material, by using face electrodes (24, 26) having the proper thermoelectric potentials in contact with the solar cell material, by increasing the light intensity and thence the heat input to the front side (12) of the solar cell (10) and by cooling the back side (14) of the solar cell ...

MICROCRYSTALLINE SILICON FILM FORMING METHOD AND SOLAR CELL

This invention provides a PCVD process, which can form microcrystalline silicon using hydrogen gas at a low flow rate, and provides a microcrystalline silicon solar cell at lower cost. The method for microcrystalline silicon formation by the PCVD process is characterized by comprising arraying a plurality of antennas, both ends of which are connected respectively to a high-frequency power supply and a ground, within one plane in a vacuum chamber to constitute an array antenna structure, disposing the substrate so as to face the array antenna, raising the temperature of the substrate to 150 to 250ºC, introducing a mixed gas containing hydrogen gas and silane gas into the system, supplying a high-frequency electric power to the plurality of antenna to generate plasma, and regulating the hydrogen gas/silane gas flow rate ratio in the range of 1 to 10 to form, on the substrate, such a microcrystalline silicon film that the ratio between a crystalline silicon-derived Raman scattering intensity ...

DYE-SENSITIZED PHOTOELECTRIC CONVERSION DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME

PANEL-SHAPED SEMICONDUCTOR MODULE

A solar battery module as a panel-shaped semiconductor module includes: a plurality of spherical or almost spherical semiconductor elements (1) arran ged in a matrix shape formed by a plurality of rows and columns for generati on; a conductive connection mechanism for connecting the semiconductor eleme nts (1) in the respective rows in parallel and electrically connecting the s emiconductor elements (1) in the respective columns in series; and a conduct ive internal-mounting metal case (3) connected to the semiconductor elements (1) and constituting the conductive connection mechanism. The semiconductor s (1) of the respective rows are contained in reflection surface forming gro oves (20) of the internal-mounting metal case (3). The positive electrodes o f the semiconductor elements (1) are connected to a bottom plate while the n egative electrodes of the semiconductor elements (1) are connected to a fing er lead (25). The reflection surface forming grooves (20) have bottom portio ns (21 ...

TITANATE INTERFACIAL LAYERS IN PEROVSKITE MATERIAL DEVICES

Photovoltaic devices such as solar cells, hybrid solar cell-batteries, and other such devices may include an active layer disposed between two electrodes. The active layer may have perovskite material and other material such as mesoporous material, interfacial layers, thin-coat interfacial layers, and combinations thereof. The perovskite material may be photoactive. The active layer may include a titanate. The perovskite material may be disposed between two or more other materials in the photovoltaic device. Inclusion of these materials in various arrangements within an active layer of a photovoltaic device may improve device performance. Other materials may be included to further improve device performance, such as, for example: additional perovskites, and additional interfacial layers.

LIGHT ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEMS AND METHODS

A light energy conversion (LEC) system includes a fluid circuit having a working fluid flowing therethrough and a plurality of light concentrating (L C) modules for converting light energy into electrical energy and for transf orming the light energy into thermal energy. The LC modules including a firs t LC module coupled in series with a second LC module along the fluid circui t. The working fluid absorbs thermal energy while flowing through the first and second LC modules. At least the first LC module includes a light concent rating optical element that is configured to direct light energy toward a fo cal region and a receiver held at the focal region. The receiver includes a housing having a chamber that holds an energy conversion member. The energy conversion member transforms light energy received from the optical element into electrical and thermal energy.

MULTILAYERED SLANT-ANGLE THIN FILM ENERGY DETECTOR

Barrier assembly with encapsulant and photovoltaic cell

An assembly that includes a barrier film interposed between a first polymeric film substrate and a first major surface of a pressure sensitive adhesive layer is provided. The first polymeric film substrate has a first coefficient of thermal expansion that is, in some embodiments, up to 50 parts per million per Kelvin. The pressure sensitive adhesive layer has a second major surface opposite the first major surface that is disposed on a second polymeric film substrate. The second polymeric film substrate is typically resistant to degradation by ultraviolet light. In some embodiments, the second polymeric film substrate has a second coefficient of thermal expansion that is at least 40 parts per million per Kelvin higher than the first coefficient of thermal expansion. The assembly is transmissive to visible and infrared light.

High Throughput Solar Cell Ablation System

A solar cell is formed using a solar cell ablation system. The ablation system includes a single laser source and several laser scanners. The laser scanners include a master laser scanner, with the rest of the laser scanners being slaved to the master laser scanner. A laser beam from the laser source is split into several laser beams, with the laser beams being scanned onto corresponding wafers using the laser scanners in accordance with one or more patterns. The laser beams may be scanned on the wafers using the same or different power levels of the laser source.

Термоэлектрический генератор

1. Термоэлектрический генератор, включающий последовательно соединенные первый блок термоэлементов (ТЭ), блок управления, который выполняет функции переключения направления, стабилизации и регулировки тока ТЭ для зарядки аккумулятора, инвертор, первую емкость, наполненную первым теплоаккумулирующим материалом (ТАМ), радиатор с пористым капиллярным веществом, способным поглощать и испарять влагу, к которому через первый блок ТЭ прикреплена первая емкость с первым ТАМ, способным поглощать и накапливать тепло за счет изменений температуры окружающей среды и генерировать тепло за счет экзотермического фазового перехода (ЭФП) под воздействием изменений температуры окружающей среды, отличающийся тем, что дополнительно введены солнечные батареи, солнечный коллектор (СК), наполненный незамерзающей, теплопроводящей жидкостью и имеющий внутреннюю свето- и теплопоглощающую поверхность, вторая и третья дополнительные емкости, наполненные соответственно вторым и третьим ТАМ, а также второй, третий и четвертый блоки ТЭ, причем солнечные батареи прикреплены к верхней стороне СК, к нижней стороне СК прикреплен второй блок ТЭ, к нижней стороне которого прикреплена вторая емкость, к нижней поверхности которой прикреплен третий блок ТЭ, к нижней стороне которого прикреплена третья емкость, к нижней поверхности которой прикреплен четвертый блок ТЭ, нижней поверхностью контактирующий с первой емкостью.2. Термоэлектрический генератор по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что первый, второй и третий ТАМ имеют разные температуры ЭФП.3. Термоэлектрический генератор по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что он содержит «n» дополнительных емкостей с «n» ТАМ с разными РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 166 483 U1 (51) МПК H02S 10/30 (2014.01) H01L 31/042 (2014.01) H01J 45/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ТИТУЛЬНЫЙ (21)(22) Заявка: ЛИСТ ОПИСАНИЯ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ 2016104154/06, 09.02.2016 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 09.02.2016 (72) Автор(ы): ...

Многоэлементный кремниевый фотодиод

Многоэлементный кремниевый фотодиод относится к области полупроводниковых приборов, чувствительных к излучению с длиной волны от 0,4 мкм до 1,1 мкм, и предназначен для применения в качестве приемников и датчиков инфракрасного излучения в составе оптических датчиков в системах фотоэлектрической автоматики, в устройствах бесконтактного измерения температуры, вычислительной и измерительной техники, программно-управляемом оборудовании. Задачей, решаемой предлагаемой полезной моделью, является измерение освещенности в заданной точке. Техническим результатом является создание фотодиода, принимающего инфракрасное излучение одновременно со всех направлений, что позволяет определить степень освещенности в любой точке с конкретного направления. Новым в предлагаемой полезной модели является конструкция держателя сферической формы с множеством граней, на которых размещены фоточувствительные элементы, залитые прозрачной в заданном спектральном диапазоне сферической оболочкой. За счет применения держателя сферической формы фоточувствительные элементы размещаются по всей поверхности сферы, и инфракрасное излучение принимается одновременно со всех направлений, при этом не требуется перемещение и сканирование конструкции. 1 з.п. ф-лы, 1 ил. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 180 600 U1 (51) МПК H01L 31/042 (2014.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК H01L 31/042 (2018.05) (21)(22) Заявка: 2018108564, 12.03.2018 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: Дата регистрации: 19.06.2018 (45) Опубликовано: 19.06.2018 Бюл. № 17 1 8 0 6 0 0 R U (54) Многоэлементный кремниевый фотодиод (57) Реферат: Многоэлементный кремниевый фотодиод относится к области полупроводниковых приборов, чувствительных к излучению с длиной волны от 0,4 мкм до 1,1 мкм, и предназначен для применения в качестве приемников и датчиков инфракрасного излучения в составе оптических датчиков в системах фотоэлектрической автоматики, в устройствах ...

Двухканальный матричный инфракрасный приемник излучения фасеточного типа

Полезная модель относится к области оптического приборостроения и касается приемника инфракрасного излучения. Приемник включает в себя фотогальванические элементы на основе селенида свинца, снабженные оптическими фильтрами, обладающие чувствительностью в двух различных спектральных диапазонах. Фотогальванические элементы, в количестве не менее 12, выполненные на отдельных подложках в виде прямоугольников и равнобедренных треугольников, скомпонованы в объемную матричную структуру, размещенную на конструкционной основе в форме правильной усеченной пирамиды, на гранях и верхнем основании, таким образом, чтобы максимально заполнить поверхность конструкционной основы, при этом фотогальванические элементы разных спектральных каналов чувствительности чередуются как по окружности вокруг оптической оси, так и в радиальном направлении. Технический результат заключается в увеличении поля зрения и применении селекции источника излучения как по спектральным характеристикам, так и пространственному расположению. 5 ил. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 181 197 U1 (51) МПК H01L 31/042 (2014.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК H01L 31/042 (2018.05) (21)(22) Заявка: 2017147089, 29.12.2017 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 05.07.2018 Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 29.12.2017 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 2634805 C2, 03.11.2017. US 1 8 1 1 9 7 Дата регистрации: (73) Патентообладатель(и): Акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский институт "Гириконд" (RU) R U 29.12.2017 (72) Автор(ы): Кулагов Вадим Борисович (RU) 5714773 A1, 03.02.1998. RU 2296370 C2, 27.03.2007. US 2016123801 A1, 05.05.2016. (45) Опубликовано: 05.07.2018 Бюл. № 19 1 8 1 1 9 7 R U (54) ДВУХКАНАЛЬНЫЙ МАТРИЧНЫЙ ИНФРАКРАСНЫЙ ПРИЕМНИК ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ ФАСЕТОЧНОГО ТИПА (57) Реферат: Полезная модель относится к области на конструкционной основе в форме правильной оптического приборостроения и касается ...

Модуль умного окна

Полезная модель относится к фотоэлектрическим преобразователям и светоизлучающим приборам и может использоваться в качестве полупрозрачных фасадных панелей и окон, а также полупрозрачных энергосберегающих светоизлучающих элементов дизайна. Предлагаемый модуль умного окна содержит раму (1), блок управления и питания (6), слой тонкопленочного фотоэлектрического преобразователя (3) и полупрозрачный фотолюминесцентный слой (4), возбуждаемый по всей поверхности слоя светодиодами (2) с длиной волны излучения 395-410 нм, встроенными в раму модуля так, что свет от них распространяется параллельно плоскости окна. Слои отделены от окружающей среды и друг друга стеклами (5). Технический результат - имитация излучения окном естественного света. 1 з.п. ф-лы, 1 ил. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) (19) RU (11) (13) 205 602 U1 (51) МПК E06B 5/00 (2006.01) H01L 31/00 (2006.01) H01L 31/04 (2014.01) F21S 9/00 (2006.01) F21S 9/02 (2006.01) F21S 9/03 (2006.01) B82Y 30/00 (2011.01) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК E06B 5/00 (2021.02); H01L 31/00 (2021.02); H01L 31/04 (2021.02); F21S 9/00 (2021.02); F21S 9/02 (2021.02); F21S 9/03 (2021.02); B82Y 30/00 (2021.02) (21)(22) Заявка: 2020139722, 03.12.2020 03.12.2020 Дата регистрации: 22.07.2021 (45) Опубликовано: 22.07.2021 Бюл. № 21 Адрес для переписки: 197101, Санкт-Петербург, Кронверкский пр., 49, лит. А, Университет ИТМО, ОИС 2 0 5 6 0 2 U 1 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: JP 2015151798 A, 24.08.2015. KR 1020140004428 A, 13.01.2014. CN 205320003 U, 15.06.2016. CN 101560864 B, 09.11.2011. RU 178288 U1, 28.03.2018. RU 86973 U1, 20.09.2009. (54) Модуль умного окна (57) Реферат: Полезная модель относится к фотоэлектрическим преобразователям и светоизлучающим приборам и может использоваться в качестве полупрозрачных фасадных панелей и окон, а также полупрозрачных энергосберегающих светоизлучающих элементов дизайна. Предлагаемый модуль умного окна содержит раму (1 ...

Methods for Interconnecting Solar Cells

Methods for interconnecting solar cells to form solar cell modules are disclosed. The methods utilize a non-EVA polymer as the encapsulant and the temperature and pressure conditions of a lamination process to effect interconnection.

Connection sheet for solar battery cell electrode, process for manufacturing solar cell module, and solar cell module

Disclosed is a connection sheet for a solar battery cell electrode, which is a polymer sheet for use in the connection between an electrode for extracting an electric power from a solar battery cell and a wiring member through an electrically conductive adhesive material by heating and pressurizing, and which is intercalated between a heating/pressurizing member and the wiring member upon use.

Solar cell module and method for manufacturing the solar cell module, and mobile device with the solar cell module and method for manufacturing the mobile device

The present invention provides a solar cell module. The solar cell module includes a floodlight panel with a light transmission property; solar cells each of which has a light-receiving surface with electrode pads and a non-light-receiving surface opposite to the light-receiving surface, the solar cells being adhered to the floodlight panel so that the light-receiving surface faces the floodlight panel; and a conductive bonding film which is interposed between the floodlight panel and the solar cells and bonds the floodlight panel to the solar cells, wherein the conductive bonding film is used to electrically connect the electrode pads of the solar cells adjacent to one another.

Solar battery module and method for manufacturing solar battery module

A solar battery module ( 1 ) serving includes a first plate-like member ( 11 ) having translucency and serving as a light receiving face, a second plate-like member ( 12 ) having translucency, a solar battery ( 13 ), and a translucent sealing resin portion ( 14 ) provided for sealing the solar battery ( 13 ) between the first plate-like member ( 11 ) and the second plate-like member ( 12 ). The second plate-like member ( 12 ) has a lead-wire lead-out hole ( 12 h) through which a lead wire ( 17 ) connected to the solar battery ( 13 ) is led out, and the translucent sealing resin portion ( 14 ) is formed extending between the lead wire ( 17 ) and the lead-wire lead-out hole ( 12 h).

Photovoltaic Module Including Transparent Sheet With Channel

Photovoltaic modules and methods for making photovoltaic modules are disclosed. In one or more embodiments of the invention, the photovoltaic module includes a transparent sheet with a channel to accommodate a conductive member.

Intra-laminate disk layer for thin film photovoltaic devices and their methods of manufacture

Photovoltaic devices including an insulating layer and an intra-laminate disk layer on a plurality of thin film layers are provided. A first conductive strip, defining a first lead, is positioned on the insulating layer and connected to a first bus bar. A second conductive strip is positioned on the insulating layer and connected to a second bus bar. An adhesive layer is over the device and defines an adhesive gap through which the first lead and the second lead extend. An encapsulating substrate is on the adhesive layer, and defines a connection aperture through which the first lead and the second lead extend. The intra-laminate disk layer is positioned under the adhesive gap defined by the adhesive layer and the connection aperture defined by the encapsulating substrate. Methods of manufacturing photovoltaic devices are also provided.

Thermoformable photovoltaic backsheet

The invention relates to high Tg monolithic and multi-layer thermoformable film or sheet useful as a backsheet on a photovoltaic module (PV). A methacrylic-based material is preferred. The film or sheet is formed of a composition having a Tg greater than 110° C. The methacrylic composition may be a blend of a polymethyl methacrylate polymer and a miscible or semi-miscible high Tg polymer, or may be a copolymer containing primarily methyl methacrylate monomer units. The backsheet is optionally covered with a fluoropolymer or acrylic/fiuoropolymer covering on the outside (side facing the environment). The back-sheet can be clear, white, and/or pigmented. The film or sheet is especially useful in concentrating photovoltaic modules (CPV), and is also useful in thin film photovoltaic modules.

Methods of temporally varying the laser intensity during scribing a photovoltaic device

Methods for laser scribing a film stack including a plurality of thin film layers on a substrate are provided. A pulse of a laser beam is applied to the film stack, where the laser beam has a power that varies as a function of time during the pulse according to a predetermined power cycle. For example, the pulse can have a pulse lasting about 0.1 nanoseconds to about 500 nanoseconds. This pulse of the laser beam can be repeated across the film stack to form a scribe line through at least one of the thin film layers on the substrate. Such methods are particularly useful in laser scribing a cadmium telluride thin-film based photovoltaic device.

Substrate structures for integrated series connected photovoltaic arrays and process of manufacture of such arrays

This invention comprises manufacture of photovoltaic cells by deposition of thin film photovoltaic junctions on metal foil substrates. The photovoltaic junctions may be heat treated if appropriate following deposition in a continuous fashion without deterioration of the metal support structure. In a separate operation, an interconnection substrate structure is provided, optionally in a continuous fashion. Multiple photovoltaic cells are then laminated to the interconnection substrate structure and conductive joining methods are employed to complete the array. In this way the interconnection substrate structure can be uniquely formulated from polymer-based materials employing optimal processing unique to polymeric materials. Furthermore, the photovoltaic junction and its metal foil support can be produced in bulk without the need to use the expensive and intricate material removal operations currently taught in the art to achieve series interconnections.

Back protective sheet for solar cell module, production method of same and solar cell module

A back protective sheet for a solar cell module in which a fluorine resin layer containing a pigment is formed on at least one side of a base sheet, wherein the density of the pigment in the direction of thickness of the fluorine resin layer is higher on the side opposite from the base sheet than on the side facing the base sheet.

Conductive paste and electronic device and solar cell including an electrode formed using the conductive paste

A conductive paste including a conductive powder, a metallic glass having a supercooled liquid region, and an organic vehicle.

Gas barrier film and electronic device

Disclosed is a gas barrier film, which demonstrates superior gas barrier properties and surface smoothness, demonstrates a high degree of adhesion between layers and is resistant to cracking when bent, and an electronic device provided therewith. A gas barrier film of the present invention has a base, and a polyorganosiloxane layer and an inorganic material layer sequentially provided on at least one side of the base, and the inorganic material layer is deposited by dynamic ion mixing method.

Method for producing a textured plate for a photovoltaic device

A method for producing a polymeric cover plate with a surface relief texture, whereby the at least one surface relief structure is made of structures, whereby each structure has a height of at least 0.5 mm, the method including thermally softening a polymer, bringing the softened polymer via pressure into contact with a mold which contains an inverse image of the desired surface relief texture, and hardening the softened polymer, while maintaining the pressure between the polymer and the mold.

Electrical interconnects for photovoltaic modules and methods thereof

System and method for interconnecting photovoltaic modules. The system includes a first photovoltaic module and a second photovoltaic module. The first photovoltaic module includes a first bus bar and a first interconnect tab connected to the first bus bar. The second photovoltaic module includes a second bus bar and a second interconnect tab connected to the second bus bar. The system for interconnecting photovoltaic modules additionally includes a module interconnector configured to interconnect the first and the second photovoltaic modules. The module interconnector includes an interconnection component and an interconnection protector. Additionally, the system for interconnecting photovoltaic modules includes a first connection component connecting the interconnection component to the first interconnect tab of the first photovoltaic module and a second connection component connecting the interconnection component to the second interconnect tab of the second photovoltaic module.

Solar cell panel

A solar cell panel is discussed. The solar cell panel includes a plurality of solar cells each including a substrate and an electrode part positioned on a surface of the substrate, an interconnector for electrically connecting at least one of the plurality of solar cells to another of the plurality of solar cells, and a conductive adhesive film including a resin and a plurality of conductive particles dispersed in the resin. The conductive adhesive film is positioned between the electrode part of the at least one of the plurality of solar cells and the interconnector to electrically connect the electrode part of the at least one of the plurality of solar cells to the interconnector. A width of the interconnector is equal to or greater than a width of the conductive adhesive film.

Photovoltaic device front contact

A photovoltaic module may contain a front contact configured to transfer electrical current from the module.

Photovoltaic device interconnect

Scribing and deposition processes can be used to interconnect cells within photovoltaic modules.

Solar cell element, and solar cell module including the same

It is aimed to provide a solar cell element and a solar cell module capable of reducing an output drop in a case where a crack occurs in the solar cell element. In order to achieve this object, the solar cell element includes a substrate body including a photoelectric conversion part, a plurality of first electrodes located at intervals on one main surface of the substrate body, and a crack guiding part located in a region positioned between a pair of adjacent first electrodes among the plurality of first electrodes when the substrate body is viewed or viewed through in plan view from the one main surface side and configured to guide a position of a crack occurring in the substrate body upon application of a load to the substrate body.

Bifacial solar cell module

A bifacial solar cell module comprises: a plurality of bifacial solar cells; a light transmitting first substrate positioned at a first surface side of the bifacial solar cells; a light transmitting second substrate positioned at a second surface side of the bifacial solar cells; and a seal member positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate and made of a sealing material of at least one layer, wherein at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate is made of an ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE) copolymer in which light transmittance is 85% or more and light absorptance is 5% or less in an entire wavelength band.

Front side substrate of photovoltaic panel, photovoltaic panel and use of a substrate for a front side of a photovoltaic panel

A photovoltaic panel has an absorbent photovoltaic material, particularly based on cadmium, said panel including a front side substrate, particularly a transparent glass substrate with a transparent electrode coating, where the antireflection coating placed above the metal functional layer opposite the substrate has a single antireflection layer, based on mixed zinc tin oxide over its whole thickness, or where the antireflection coating placed above the metal functional layer opposite the substrate has at least two antireflection layers including, on the one hand, an antireflection layer which is closer to the functional layer and is based on mixed zinc tin oxide over its whole thickness and, on the other, an antireflection layer which is further from the functional layer and is not based on mixed zinc tin oxide over its whole thickness.

Sealing material for solar cell and solar cell module including same

A sealing material for a solar cell and a solar cell including the same, and the sealing material includes a polymer resin having a vicat softening point at 100° C. or 130° C. or between 100° C. and 130° C.

Thin film photoelectric conversion module and fabrication method of the same

A thin film photoelectric conversion module is provided. The thin film photoelectric conversion module includes a substrate and a plurality of photoelectric conversion cells formed on the substrate and connected to each other in series to form a series-connected array. The thin film photoelectric conversion module further comprises a plurality of first electrode rows extending along a current flow direction and a resistive material electrically connected to adjacent two of the first electrode rows, wherein the resistive material has an electrical resistivity no less than 10 −9 ohm-cm, wherein when the resistive material is a material different from that of the first electrode rows, the resistive material makes adjacent two of the first electrode rows at least partially connected, and when the resistive material is a material the same as that of the first electrode rows, the resistive material makes adjacent two of the first electrode rows partially connected.

Junction box

A junction box connected to a plurality of solar cell panels connected in series and under control a control device, includes a plurality of diodes, two ports, a switch, and a communication module. The plurality of diodes is forwardly connected in series to form a diode string with two ends, and each of the plurality of diodes is electrically connected to a corresponding one of the plurality of solar cell panels in parallel. The two ports are respectively connected to the two ends of the diode string and the plurality of solar cell panels, and output DC power of the plurality of solar cell panels. The switch is connected between the diode string and the two ports. The communication module is connected to the switch, and receives control signals from the control device to turn on or off the switch to control output of the DC power of the solar cell panels from the two ports.

Multi-stack semiconductor device

A multi-stack semiconductor device comprises: a substrate; a first conductive layer, a first group of the semiconductor material layers and a second group of the semiconductor material layers. The first conductive layer is formed on the substrate scribed by laser on the bottom of the first conductive layer to form a plurality of the first scribe lines. The first group of the semiconductor material layers is formed on the first conductive layer, and the second group of the semiconductor material layers is formed on the first group of the semiconductor material layers. The first group of the semiconductor material layers and the second group of the semiconductor material layers are simultaneously scribed by laser on bottom of the first group of the semiconductor material layers to form a plurality of the second scribe lines. Each second scribe line is comprised of a plurality of the second pores. The second conductive layer is formed on the second group of the semiconductor material layers and is scribe by laser on the bottom of the first group of the semiconductor material layers to form a plurality of the third scribe lines. The second pores are shortened for shortening the horizontal distance of the first scribe lines and the second scribe lines and/or the horizontal distance of the second scribe lines and the third scribe lines.

Uv resistant clear laminates

A multilayer construct includes a fluoropolymer first layer; a UV resistant fluoropolymer adhesive layer, and a third layer, wherein the fluoropolymer adhesive layer is between the first and third layers. The adhesive layer can optionally include an ultraviolet radiation absorber.

Method for Determining a Spatial Arrangement of Photovoltaic Module Groups in a Photovoltaic Installation

A method for determining a spatial arrangement of photovoltaic module groups in a photovoltaic installation includes measuring a sequence of values of an illumination-dependent electrical characteristic variable of different photovoltaic module groups while the photovoltaic installation is subject to light incidence with an incidence intensity which varies over time and spatially. The relative spatial arrangement of the photovoltaic module groups with respect to one another is then determined by comparing sequences of measured values associated with different photovoltaic module groups.

Tandem thin-film silicon solar cell and method for manufacturing the same

A tandem thin-film silicon solar cell comprises a transparent substrate, a first unit cell positioned on the transparent substrate, the first unit cell comprising a p-type window layer, an i-type absorber layer and an n-type layer, an intermediate reflection layer positioned on the first unit cell, the intermediate reflection layer including a hydrogenated n-type microcrystalline silicon oxide of which the oxygen concentration is profiled to be gradually increased and a second unit cell positioned on the intermediate reflection layer, the second unit cell comprising a p-type window layer, an i-type absorber layer and an n-type layer.

Ethylene resin composition, sealing material for solar cell, and solar cell module utilizing the sealing material

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ethylene resin composition which has excellent properties including adhesion properties, electrically insulating properties, transparency, moldability and process stability and can be produced without requiring any cross-linking procedure if necessary to improve productivity; and others. The ethylene resin composition contains a modified product produced by modifying an ethylene polymer (A) that meets all of the requirements a) to e) mentioned below with an ethylenically unsaturated silane compound (B). a) The density is 900 to 940 kg/m 3 . b) The melting peak temperature is 90 to 125 DEG C as determined by DSC. c) The melt flow rate (MFR2) is 0.1 to 100 g/10 minutes as measured at 190° C. and a load of 2.16 kg in accordance with JIS K-6721. d) The Mw/Mn ratio is 1.2 to 3.5. e) The content of metal residues is 0.1 to 50 ppm.

Solar receiver with natural circulation for generating saturated steam

The invention relates to a solar receiver with natural circulation for generating saturated steam, which uses water/steam as a heat-transfer fluid and includes a combined circuit for fluid recirculation (forced circulation and natural circulation). The system comprises: water-walls which receive the radiation on the surface thereof and inside which the working fluid changes phase; riser pipes through which the water/steam mix exiting the pipes of the receiver rises towards the boiler; downpipes through which the recirculation water descends from the boiler to the receiver; and a support pump in order to increase the incident power in the receiver and start up the plant when necessary.

Photoelectric converter, method of manufacturing photoelectric converter and imaging device

A photoelectric converter includes a pair of electrodes and a plurality of organic layers. The pair of electrodes is provided above a substrate. The plurality of organic layers is interposed between the pair of electrodes and includes a photoelectric conversion layer and a given organic layer being formed on one electrode of the pair of electrodes. The one electrode is one of pixel electrodes arranged two-dimensionally. The given organic layer has a concave portion that is formed in a corresponding position located above a step portion among the arranged pixel electrodes. An angle θ of the concave portion is less than 50°, where an inclination angle of a tangent plane at a given point on the concave portion to a surface plane of the substrate is defined as θ.

Semiconductor substrate for solar cell and solar cell

A solar cell include a polycrystalline semiconductor substrate of a p-type, an emitter region of an n-type and forming a p-n junction with the polycrystalline semiconductor substrate, a first electrode connected to the emitter region, and a second electrode connected to the polycrystalline semiconductor substrate, wherein the polycrystalline semiconductor substrate has a pure p-type impurity concentration of substantially 7.2×10 15 /cm 3 to 3.5×10 16 /cm 3 .

Photovoltaic cell with buffer zone

Systems and methods that provide a barrier for protection of active layers associated with a vertical multi junction (VMJ) photovoltaic cell. Buffer zone(s) in form of an inactive layer(s) arrangement safe guard the active layers against induced stress or strain resulting from external forces/thermal factors (e.g., welding). The buffer zone can be in form of a rim on a surface of an end layer of a cell unit, to act as a protective boundary for such active layer, and to further partially frame the VMJ cell for ease of handling and transportation.

Solar Cell and Method Fabricating the Same

A solar cell according to an embodiment includes a pattern layer arranged on a substrate and including a uneven pattern; a back electrode arranged on the pattern layer; a light absorption layer arranged on the back electrode; a buffer layer on the light absorption layer; and a front layer arranged on the buffer layer. The method fabricating a solar cell according to an embodiment includes forming a pattern layer including a uneven pattern on a substrate; forming a back electrode on the pattern layer; forming a light absorption layer on the back electrode; forming a buffer layer on the light absorption layer; and forming a front electrode on the buffer layer.

Surface-treated substrate, light-receiving-side protective sheet for solar cell using the same, and solar cell module

There is provided a surface-treated substrate obtained by forming a cured material layer composed of a resin composition on a surface of a substrate and then treating a surface of the cured material layer composed of the resin composition with a sulfur trioxide-containing gas, wherein the resin composition contains a composite resin (A) obtained by bonding a polysiloxane segment (a1) having a structural unit represented by general formula (1) and/or general formula (2) and a silanol group and/or a hydrolyzable silyl group to a vinyl-based polymer segment (a2) through a bond represented by general formula (3). There are also provided a light-receiving-side protective sheet for solar cells that uses the surface-treated substrate having a sheet shape and a solar cell module. The surface-treated substrate has good long-lasting antifouling properties.

Photovoltaic module and photovoltaic device

The invention relates to a photovoltaic module (PVM) for installation in a photovoltaic device, wherein the photovoltaic module (PVM) comprises an arrangement of a plurality of solar cell strings (ST), each made of a number of solar cells connected in series, and wherein the arrangement of the solar cell string (ST) is received in an enclosure (E) formed of a plurality of module part (FRM, GLP, BP), and wherein the module parts (FRM, GLP, BP) are designed in an electrically conductive manner and are interconnected, so that the enclosure (E) implements an electrostatically effective casing of the at least one solar cell string (ST). In order to prevent high field intensities in the interior of the enclosure (E), the enclosure (E) has at least one contact element (R; EMB) for connecting the potential (PA; PA′) of the electrostatically effective casing to at least one defined electrical potential.

Solar cell panel

A solar cell panel that is capable of preventing damage to the edge portions of the panel. The solar cell panel is provided with a pair of first protective ribs ( 103 L, 103 L), which are fixed to the back substrate, protrude outward from the edges of a solar cell module ( 2 ) and are disposed in an opposing manner, a pair of support ribs ( 3 S, 3 S), which are fixed to the back substrate and are disposed across the space between the pair of first protective ribs ( 103 L, 103 L) at positions distant from the edges of the back substrate, and a pair of second protective ribs ( 104 P, 104 P), which are disposed across the space between the pair of first protective ribs ( 103 L, 103 L) and protrude outward from the edges of the solar cell module ( 2 ).

Ion implanted solar cells with in situ surface passivation

Solar cells and methods for their manufacture are disclosed. An example method may include providing a substrate comprising a base layer and introducing n-type dopant to the front surface of the base layer by ion implantation. The substrate may be annealed by heating the substrate to a temperature to anneal the implant damage and activate the introduced dopant, thereby forming an n-type doped layer into the front surface of the base layer. Oxygen may be introduced during the annealing step to form a passivating oxide layer on the n-type doped layer. Back contacts may be screen-printed on the back surface of the base layer, and a p-type doped layer may be formed at the interface of the back surface of the base layer and the back contacts during firing of the back contacts. The back contacts may provide an electrical connection to the p-type doped layer.

Pan tile/roofing tile/facade element with integrated solar module

The present invention relates to a roofing tile, a roofing shingle or facade element having a photovoltaic solar element and a method for producing such a roofing tile/roofing shingle/facade element.

Method of trimming a solar energy assembly

A method of electrically eliminating defective solar cell units that are disposed within an integrated solar cells module and a method of trimming an output voltage of the integrated solar cells module are provided, where the solar cells module has a large number (e.g., 50 or more) of solar cell units integrally disposed therein and initially connected in series one to the next. The method includes providing a corresponding plurality of repair pads, each integrally extending from a respective electrode layer of the solar cell units, and providing a bypass conductor integrated within the module and extending adjacent to the repair pads. Pad-to-pad spacings and pad-to-bypass spacings are such that pad-to-pad connecting bridges may be selectively created between adjacent ones of the repair pads and such that pad-to-bypass connecting bridges may be selectively created between the repair pads and the adjacently extending bypass conductor.

Method and device for cleaning substrates on a carrier

In the case of a device and a method for cleaning substrates on a carrier, to the underside of which the substrates are fastened so as to be parallel to and slightly apart from one another, the carrier has in its interior a plurality of longitudinal channels, which run parallel to one another. As a result of the sawing of the wafers, they merge, via openings, into interstices between the substrates. As a result of a relative movement, an elongate tube, from which cleaning fluid is let out, is introduced into one of the longitudinal channels, the relative movement being achieved substantially through moving of the carrier.

Photovoltaic device

Provided is a photovoltaic device that includes: a substrate; a first electrode disposed on the substrate: a photoelectric transformation layer disposed on the first electrode, the photoelectric transformation layer comprising a light absorbing layer which comprises at least one pair of an intrinsic first sub-layer and an intrinsic second sub-layer, each of which comprises a hydrogenated amorphous silicon based material and a hydrogenated proto-crystalline silicon based material having a crystalline silicon grain, and comprises a non-silicon based element; and a second electrode disposed on the photoelectric transformation layer.

Laminated structure

A laminated structure comprising at least one glazing pane, at least one interlayer, and a seal covering at least one edge of the interlayer, wherein the seal comprises a nano-particulate silicon oxide.

Selenization of precursor layer containing culns2 nanoparticles

A method of fabrication of thin films for photovoltaic or electronic applications is provided. The method includes fabricating a nanocrystal precursor layer and selenizing the nanocrystal precursor layer in a selenium containing atmosphere. The nanocrystal precursor layer includes one of CuInS 2 , CuIn(S y ,Se 1−y ) 2 , CuGaS 2 , CuGa(S y ,Se 1−y ) 2 , Cu(In x Ga 1−x )S 2 , and Cu(In x Ga 1−x )(S y ,Se 1−y ) 2 nanoparticles and combinations thereof, wherein 0≦x≦1 and 1≦y≦0.

Stacked photovoltaic element and method of manufacturing stacked photovoltaic element

Disclosed is a stacked photovoltaic element, including: a first photovoltaic element portion including at least one photovoltaic element, stacked over a substrate; an intermediate layer made of a metal oxide, stacked over the first photovoltaic element portion; a buffer layer in an amorphous state, stacked over the intermediate layer; and a second photovoltaic element portion including at least one photovoltaic element, stacked over the buffer layer, wherein a conductive layer of the second photovoltaic element portion in contact with the buffer layer is a microcrystalline layer.

Method and Apparatus for Forming and Mounting a Photovoltaic Array

A photovoltaic (PV) module framing and coupling system enables the attachment of PV modules to a roof or other mounting surface without requiring the use of separate structural support members which attach directly to and span between multiple PV modules in a formed PV array. The apparatus provides a parallel coupling for securely interlocking the outside surfaces of parallel frame members together in a side to side arrangement to form an array with improved structural load distribution. The coupling may attach to a slot in the frame at substantially any position along the length of the frame thereby enabling the interconnection of adjacent PV modules along both an x and y axis. The apparatus may further provide a rotating portion and locking portion, mounting brackets for direct connection to a mounting surface, grounding teeth, and a twist-lock engagement means for interlocking and aligning PV modules in the array.

Selective emitter solar cells formed by a hybrid diffusion and ion implantation process

Solar cells and methods for their manufacture are disclosed. An example solar cell may comprise a substrate comprising a p-type base layer and an n-type selective emitter layer formed over the p-type base layer. The n-type selective emitter layer may comprise one or more first doped regions comprising implanted dopant and one or more second doped regions comprising diffused dopant. The one or more first doped regions may be more heavily doped than the one or more second doped regions. A p-n junction may be formed at the interface of the base layer and the selective emitter layer, such that the p-n junction and the selective emitter layer are both formed during a single anneal cycle.

Aluminum-boron solar cell contacts

Formulations and methods of making solar cells are disclosed. In general, the invention provides a solar cell comprising a contact made from a mixture wherein, prior to firing, the mixture comprises at least one aluminum source, at least one boron source, and about 0.1 to about 10 wt % of a glass component. Within the mixture, the overall content of aluminum is about 50 wt % to about 85 wt % of the mixture, and the overall content of boron is about 0.05 to about 20 wt % of the mixture.

Use of Ionomeric Silicone Thermoplastic Elastomers in Electronic Devices

This invention relates to the use of a thermoplastic elastomer comprising at least one silicone ionomer in the formation of electronic devices.

Solar power charge and distribution for a vehicle

A solar energy charge and management system for a vehicle including a photovoltaic apparatus for receiving solar energy and converting the solar energy to electrical energy. The system includes a user interface for selecting a predetermined solar power mode and a controller operatively in communication with the user interface. The interface allows for selectively distributing energy from the photovoltaic apparatus to operate a vehicle component associated with the selected solar power mode.

Dimensional solar cells and solar panels

A dimension solar panel including a plurality of solar cells that are arranged in a spacing. The solar panel has a convex configuration so that the solar panel comprises at least 10 percent more solar cells than a flat solar panel with a plurality of solar cells that are arranged in the spacing.

Lead free solar cell contacts

Formulations and methods of making solar cells are disclosed. In general, the invention presents a solar cell contact made from a mixture wherein the mixture comprises a solids portion and an organics portion, wherein the solids portion comprises from about 85 to about 99 wt % of a metal component, and from about 1 to about 15 wt % of a lead-free glass component. Both front contacts and back contacts arc disclosed.

Olefin composition

Provided are an olefin composition, filler and an optoelectronic device. One illustrative olefin composition may be effectively used as a filling material for various optoelectronic devices.

Acrylate composition

The invention provides a composition containing (A) one or more (meth)acrylate compounds selected from among a (meth)acryl-modified silicone fluid, a long-chain alkyl(meth)acrylate, and a polyalkylene glycol(meth)acrylate having a number average molecular weight of 400 or more; (B) a (meth)acrylate compound having an alicyclic hydrocarbon group which has six or more carbon atoms and which is bonded to the compound via an ester bond; (C) (meth)acrylic acid or a (meth)acrylate compound having a polar group; and (D) a radical polymerization initiator. The composition is suitably employed as a raw material for, for example, an encapsulating material or a lens, exhibits transparency and heat resistance comparable to conventional levels, and provides a cured product exhibiting excellent adhesion to a base member surrounding the cured product.

Solar cell module and method for manufacturing same

Disclosed is a solar cell module wherein peeling between a substrate and a photoelectric conversion layer is not easily generated. In the solar cell module, a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements, each of which has a transparent electrode ( 12 ), a photoelectric conversion unit ( 14 ), and a rear surface electrode ( 16 ) sequentially stacked on a transparent substrate ( 10 ), are connected in series, and the solar cell module is provided with a slit (S 2 ) formed by removing the transparent electrode ( 12 ) to a first width (D 1 ), and a slit (S 5 ), which overlaps the region where the transparent electrode ( 12 ) has been removed, and which has the photoelectric conversion unit ( 14 ) and the rear surface electrode ( 16 ) removed therefrom to a second width (D 2 ) that is equal to or less than the first width (D 1 ). On the surface of the transparent substrate ( 10 ) in the slit (S 2 ), recesses and protrusions ( 34 ) are provided.

Apparatus and Method for Hybrid Photovoltaic Device Having Multiple, Stacked, Heterogeneous, Semiconductor Junctions

A photovoltaic (PV) device has at least one lower PV cell on a substrate, the cell having a metallic back contact, and a absorber, and a transparent conductor layer. An upper PV cell is adhered to the lower PV cell, electrically in series to form a stack. The upper PV cell has III-V absorber and junction layers, the cells are adhered by transparent conductive adhesive having filler of conductive nanostructures or low temperature solder. The upper PV cell has no substrate. An embodiment has at least one shape of patterned conductor making contact to both a top of the upper and a back contact of the lower cells to couple them together in series. In an embodiment, a shape of patterned conductor draws current from excess area of the lower cell to the upper cell, in an alternative embodiment shapes of patterned conductor couples I-III-VI cells not underlying upper cells in series strings, a string being in parallel with at least one stack. In an embodiment, the bonding agent is a polymeric adhesive containing conductive nanostructures. In an embodiment the III-V absorber is grown on single crystal, substrate. A method for forming the device is described.

High concentration photovoltaic module

A high concentration photovoltaic module, including a plurality of Fresnel concentrating lenses, serving as lenses for solar radiation concentration, which form a group or array arranged on a “V” shaped structure, which reduces the amount of air contained therein, thus minimizing effects of moisture on active elements of the system, attached by a sealed attachment mechanism, and wherein, at the base, there are a plurality of predetermined cavities each of which house a photovoltaic receiver including at least one photovoltaic cell on which a secondary optical element is placed, improving acceptance angle, thus multiplying electric energy generation capacity of the photovoltaic cells and durability thereof, and includes side parts screwed to the structure which minimize torsion stress caused by attachment to the tracker.

Multilayer films containing a fluorinated copolymer resin layer and a cross-linkable ionomeric encapsulant layer

A multilayer film comprises a layer consisting essentially of a fluorinated copolymer resin and a layer consisting essentially of an ethylene copolymer ionomer blend. The ethylene copolymer ionomer blend, or the product of crosslinking the blend, can be used as an encapsulant layer for solar cells, and the multilayer film is useful as a component of photovoltaic modules. Methods for preparing the multilayer films and the photovoltaic modules are also described.

Method of manufacturing solar modules

A solar cell module that has a back protective sheet and a front transparent protective sheet and edge sealant members that seal an inner portion of the solar cell module so as to define a cavity that receives a plurality of solar cells. A portion of the back protective sheet extends beyond the sealant members so as to define a mounting region that can receive mounting structures such as holes, connectors, rails or the like. By providing the mounting region, the mounting structures can be spaced from the sealant members which limits the damage to the sealant members during the mounting process and preserves the moisture sealed state of the solar cell cavity.

Solar cell element and method for manufacturing solar cell element

In order to improve a photoelectric conversion efficiency, a solar cell element comprises a semiconductor substrate with a first surface serving as a light-receiving surface, a second surface that is a back surface of the first surface, and a plurality of through holes formed so as to extend from the first surface to the second surface. An area of an opening of each of the plurality of through holes increases as the through hole is located closer to a peripheral portion of the semiconductor substrate relative to a central portion thereof.

Solar cell

Disclosed herein is a dye-sensitized solar cell including a first substrate having a first side and a second side opposite the first side, a second substrate positioned on the second side of the first substrate, a first electrode unit positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate and disposed on the first substrate and a second electrode unit positioned between the first electrode unit and the second substrate and disposed on the second substrate. At least one of the first electrode unit and the second electrode unit may include a current collector electrode and a plurality of electrodes electrically connected to the current collector electrode. The plurality of electrodes may be positioned within an effective area and the current collector electrode may be positioned outside the effective area. A first resistance of the current collector electrode may be less than a second resistance of the plurality of electrodes.

Article having low-reflection film on surface of base material

The present invention relates to an article containing a base material and a low-reflection film formed on a surface of the base material, in which the low-reflection film contains a first layer, a second layer and a third layer in this order from the base material side, and the first layer, the second layer and the third layer have refractive indexes n1, n2 and n3, respectively, which meet the relationship of n1>n3>n2.

Method of Manufacturing a Printable Composition of a Liquid or Gel Suspension of Diodes

An exemplary printable composition of a liquid or gel suspension of diodes comprises a plurality of diodes, a first solvent and/or a viscosity modifier. An exemplary method of making a liquid or gel suspension of diodes comprises: adding a viscosity modifier to a plurality of diodes in a first solvent; and mixing the plurality of diodes, the first solvent and the viscosity modifier to form the liquid or gel suspension of the plurality of diodes. Various exemplary diodes have a lateral dimension between about 10 to 50 microns and about 5 to 25 microns in height. Other embodiments may also include a plurality of substantially chemically inert particles having a range of sizes between about 10 to about 50 microns.

Solar cell, solar cell system, and method for making the same

A solar cell includes a first electrode layer, a P-type silicon layer, an N-type silicon layer, and a second electrode layer. The first electrode layer, the P-type silicon layer, the N-type silicon layer, and the second electrode layer are arranged in series side by side along a straight line and in contact with each other, thereby cooperatively forming a planar structure. The planar structure has a photoreceptive surface substantially parallel to the straight line and directly receives an incident light. A P-N junction is formed near an interface between the P-type silicon layer and the N-type silicon layer.

Template for three-dimensional thin-film solar cell manufacturing and methods of use

A template 100 for three-dimensional thin-film solar cell substrate formation for use in three-dimensional thin-film solar cells. The template 100 comprises a substrate which comprises a plurality of posts 102 and a plurality of trenches 104 between said plurality of posts 102 . The template 100 forms an environment for three-dimensional thin-film solar cell substrate formation.

Photovoltaic module having a front support structure for redirecting incident light onto a photovoltaic cell

Embodiments of a method and apparatus are described which provide a photovoltaic module in which light is diverted away from inactive areas of the photovoltaic module to active areas which generate electrical charges. A front support structure of a module is configured to redirect incident light to the active areas.

Method of Fabricating Silicon Quantum Dot Layer and Device Manufactured Using the Same

Disclosed are a method of fabricating a silicon quantum dot layer and a device manufactured using the same. A first capping layer is formed on a substrate, and a silicon-containing precursor layer is formed on the first capping layer. A second capping layer is formed on the silicon-containing precursor layer. The first capping layer, the silicon-containing precursor layer, and the second capping layer are irradiated to convert the silicon-containing precursor layer into a stack including a first poly-crystalline silicon layer, a silicon quantum dot layer on the first poly-crystalline silicon layer, and a second poly-crystalline silicon layer on the silicon quantum dot layer.

Photoelectric conversion element and solar cell

Provided is a photoelectric conversion element that has an nip structure formed of amorphous silicon and that is improved in energy conversion efficiency by a structure in which an n + -type a-Si layer is in contact with a transparent electrode formed by an n + -type ZnO layer. This makes it possible to realize photoelectric conversion elements and a solar cell module or facility with large area and high power with an influence on the global resources minimized.

White, biaxially oriented polyester film with a high portion of cyclohexanedimethanol and a primary and secondary dicarboxylic acid portion and a method for its production and its use

The invention relates to a white biaxially oriented film predominantly formed from a polyester whose diol component includes at least 80 mol-% of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM), and whose dicarboxylic acid component includes at least 80 mol-% of one or more benzenedicarboxylic acid(s) and/or one or more naphthalene dicarboxylic acid(s). The dicarboxylic acid component includes a main dicarboxylic acid component forming an at least 55 mol-% portion, chosen from either 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid or terephthalic acid. The dicarboxylic acid component further includes a secondary dicarboxylic acid component, present in an amount of at least 18 mol-%, with the secondary dicarboxylic acid component differing from the main dicarboxylic acid component. The invention further relates to a method for producing the film and its use.

Photovoltaic greenhouse structure

A photovoltaic greenhouse includes a house structure having upstanding walls and a roof thereover to enclose a greenhouse space therein, and at least one thin-film solar cell module mounted on the roof for converting solar energy within a pre-selected light band of sunlight into electricity, wherein light not absorbed by the thin-film solar cell module passes through and enters the greenhouse space, which can be utilized by plants or crops for photosynthesis. The thin-film solar cell module has high transmittance of light in the wavelength intervals, for example, 400-450 nm and 640-700 nm, required by the cultured plants or crops inside the greenhouse space for photosynthesis.

Method and apparatus for forming the separating lines of a photovoltaic module with series-connected cells

For forming the separating lines, ( 5, 6, 7 ) which are produced in the functional layers ( 2, 3, 4 ) deposited on a transparent substrate ( 1 ) during manufacture of a photovoltaic module with series-connected cells (C 1 , C 2 , . . . ), there are used laser scanners ( 8 ) whose laser beam ( 14 ) produces in the field ( 17 ) scanned thereby a plurality of adjacent separating line sections ( 18 ) in the functional layer ( 2, 3, 4 ). The laser scanners ( 8 ) are then moved relative to the coated substrate ( 1 ) in the direction (Y) of the separating lines ( 5, 6, 7 ) by a distance corresponding at the most to the length (L) of the scanned field ( 17 ) to thereby form continuous separating lines ( 5, 6, 7 ) through mutually flush separating line sections ( 18 ).

Solar cell, module, array, network, and power grid

The present invention teaches a solar cell, a solar module, a solar array, a network of solar arrays, and also a solar power grid suitable for providing power for industrial, residential and transportation use. A solar cell or solar module including a plurality of solar cells can be made in a structure configured to have the appearance of natural foliage. Accordingly, a solar array including a plurality of solar modules each including at least one solar cell can be made to resemble a palm tree, a deciduous tree, an evergreen tree, or other type of natural foliage. A network of solar arrays can be made to resemble a row or grove of palm trees, and thus meet the functional and aesthetic demands of landscape architecture. The network of solar arrays can extend for many miles alongside roads, highways, railways, pipelines, or canals, and can further include means for storing and transmitting electric power. In particular, a network of solar arrays can be in communication with recharging stations for use by electric and hybrid transportation vehicles. Accordingly, a network of solar arrays can form at least a portion of a solar power grid.

Process and structures for fabrication of solar cells

Contact holes of solar cells are formed by laser ablation to accommodate various solar cell designs. Use of a laser to form the contact holes is facilitated by replacing films formed on the diffusion regions with a film that has substantially uniform thickness. Contact holes may be formed to deep diffusion regions to increase the laser ablation process margins. The laser configuration may be tailored to form contact holes through dielectric films of varying thicknesses.

Photovoltaic Shingle

A photovoltaic shingle integrates a photovoltaic assembly within a roofing shingle. The shingle includes a first encapsulating material layer disposed on a substrate followed by the photovoltaic cell assembly and a second encapsulating material layer disposed on the photovoltaic assembly. A transparent superstrate such as a resin with polymer film is formed on the second encapsulating material layer. In one advantageous form, the photovoltaic shingle has at least two channels formed completely through the shingle in a stacking direction of the respective layers but only partially through in a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction thereby defining at least two tabs. In alternative forms, there may be additional channels such as but not limited to, two channels defining three tabs or five channels defining six tabs. The photovoltaic shingles may be arranged in an array to form a primary waterproof layer of a suitably pitched roof structure.

Color building-integrated photovoltaic (bipv) panel

In one aspect of the present invention, a photovoltaic panel includes a substrate, a reflective layer formed on the substrate, a first conductive layer formed on the reflective layer, an active layer formed on the first conductive layer, and a second conductive layer formed on the active layer. The reflective layer has an index of refraction and a thickness such that the reflectance spectrum of the photovoltaic device for light incident on the substrate has a maximum in a selected wavelength range in the visible spectrum.

Photoelectric conversion device and electronic apparatus

A photoelectric conversion device includes circuit portions disposed on a substrate, a first electrode electrically connected to one of the circuit portions, an optically transparent second electrode opposing the first electrode, and a photoelectric conversion portion disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The photoelectric conversion portion has a multilayer structure including a light absorption layer made of a p-type compound semiconductor film having a chalcopyrite structure, an amorphous oxide semiconductor layer, and a window layer made of an n-type semiconductor film.

Dye-sensitized solar cell

A dye-sensitized solar cell including: a first substrate and a second substrate positioned to face each other; a first electrode layer on the first substrate and comprising a light absorption layer; a second electrode layer on the second substrate to face the first electrode layer and comprising a catalyst layer; an electrolyte between the first substrate and the second substrate; a first reflection layer on one surface of the second substrate; and a phosphor layer on one surface of the second electrode layer, the first reflection layer, or the second substrate, wherein the first reflection layer has a photonic crystal structure in which a plurality of dielectric substances having different refractive indexes are alternately arranged.

Solar Power Generation Apparatus Capable of Tracking Sunlight

The present invention relates to a solar power generation apparatus, which comprises: torque tubes which are arranged to form a plurality of columns; a plurality of solar panels which are installed along each torque tube; posts which rotatably support each torque tube; lever arms which are coupled with each torque tube; a linkage which is disposed on the lower side of the torque tubes and is connected to each lever arm; an actuator which reciprocates the linkage in the longitudinal direction of the linkage, thereby rotating the torque tubes around an axis based on the longitudinal direction of the torque tubes; and a bed frame which is installed between some of the plurality of posts, wherein the actuator is supported thereon.

Photovoltaic module

The present invention provides a photovoltaic module with bypass diodes that has a high electricity generating capacity per unit area and high productivity. This photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic cell assembly in which a plurality of photovoltaic cells are electrically connected in series, and a diode assembly in which a plurality of diodes are formed on a substrate in the arrangement that is consistent with the arrangement of the photovoltaic cells to which the diodes are to be attached. The diode assembly is disposed on a non-light receiving side of the photovoltaic cells, and the diodes are electrically connected to the photovoltaic cells. The photovoltaic cell assembly and the diode assembly are sealed and united by a sealant.

Manufacturing method of semiconductor device, and semiconductor device

To suppress the reduction in reliability of a resin-sealed semiconductor device. A first cap (member) and a second cap (member) with a cavity (space formation portion) are superimposed and bonded together to form a sealed space. A semiconductor including a sensor chip (semiconductor chip) and wires inside the space is manufactured in the following way. In a sealing step of sealing a joint part between the caps, a sealing member is formed of resin such that an entirety of an upper surface of the second cap and an entirety of a lower surface of the first cap are respectively exposed. Thus, in the sealing step, the pressure acting in the direction of crushing the second cap can be decreased.

Chalcogenide Absorber Layers for Photovoltaic Applications and Methods of Manufacturing the Same

In one example embodiment, a method includes depositing one or more thin-film layers onto a substrate. More particularly, at least one of the thin-film layers comprises at least one electropositive material and at least one of the thin-film layers comprises at least one chalcogen material suitable for forming a chalcogenide material with the electropositive material. The method further includes annealing the one or more deposited thin-film layers at an average heating rate of or exceeding 1 degree Celsius per second. The method may also include cooling the annealed one or more thin-film layers at an average cooling rate of or exceeding 0.1 degrees Celsius per second.

Fluoropolymer coated films useful for photovoltaic modules

A fluoropolymer coated film comprising polymeric substrate film and fluoropolymer coating on the polymeric substrate film. The fluoropolymer coating comprises fluoropolymer selected from homopolymers and copolymers of vinyl fluoride and homopolymers and copolymers of vinylidene fluoride polymer blended with compatible adhesive polymer comprising functional groups selected from carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, aziridine, amine, isocyanate, melamine, epoxy, hydroxy, anhydride and mixtures thereof. The polymeric substrate film comprises functional groups on its surface that interact with the compatible adhesive polymer to promote bonding of the fluoropolymer coating to the substrate film.

Tempered glass substrate and method of producing the same

A tempered glass substrate of the present invention is a tempered glass substrate, which has a compression stress layer on a surface thereof, and has a glass composition comprising, in terms of mass %, 40 to 71% of SiO 2 , 3 to 21% of Al 2 O 3 , 0 to 3.5% of Li 2 O, 7 to 20% of Na 2 O, and 0 to 15% of K 2 O.

Encapsulant for Terrestrial Photovoltaic Modules

Photovoltaic modules containing solar cells have at least one polymeric optically transparent encapsulant layer with solar energy weighted transmittance at wavelengths of light from 350 to 1200 nanometers equal to or greater than 85% and ultra-violet light cutoff equal to or less than 345 nanometers. The encapsulant material contains at least one olefinic co-polymer having glass transition temperature equal to or less than 20° C. and 10% secant tensile modulus equal to or less than 16,000 psi and at least one ultra-violet light absorber having a chemical structure with no hydroxyl group at an ortho position of an aromatic ring with respect to an aromatic carbonyl group, a triazole group, or a triazine group.

Super-hydrophobic surface

A super-hydrophobic surface may include a first sink pattern and a second sink pattern disposed in a base. The first sink pattern may include first sink grooves extending below an upper surface of the base. The second sink pattern may include second sink grooves which have a size smaller than that of the first sink grooves. The second sink grooves may extend below the upper surface of the base (which may also be a wall of the first sink pattern). Thus, the super-hydrophobic surface may have a structure in which at least two sink patterns are included.

Substrate processing apparatus, method for manufacturing solar battery, and method for manufacturing substrate

There is provide a substrate processing apparatus, comprising: a processing chamber configured to house a plurality of substrates with a laminated film formed thereon which is composed of any one of copper-indium, copper-gallium, or copper-indium-gallium; a gas supply tube configured to introduce elemental selenium-containing gas or elemental sulfur-containing gas into the processing chamber; an exhaust tube configured to exhaust an atmosphere in the processing chamber; and a heating section provided so as to surround the reaction tube, wherein a base of the reaction tube is made of a metal material.

Solar cell module

A solar cell module may include a plurality of solar cells, each solar cell including a substrate and an electrode part formed on the substrate, an interconnector electrically connecting adjacent solar cells, and a conductive adhesive film disposed between the electrode part and the interconnector, and electrically connecting the electrode part with the interconnector. The conductive adhesive film may include a resin and a plurality of conductive particles. The plurality of conductive particles may include a plurality of first particles each including a low melting point metal and a plurality of second particles each including a high melting point metal having a higher melting point than a melting point of the plurality of first particles.

Thin-film component on glass, a method for the production thereof and the use thereof

A thin-film component comprising a film structure and an electrically conductive protection device is disclosed, together with and a method for the production and use thereof.

Semiconductor electrode for dye-sensitized solar cell, method of manufacturing the same, and dye-sensitized solar cell having the same

A semiconductor electrode for a dye-sensitized solar cell, a method of manufacturing the semiconductor electrode, and a dye-sensitized solar cell having the semiconductor electrode are provided which can prevent electrons from being transported to an electrolyte from the surface of the semiconductor electrode to raise photocurrent and photovoltage and to improve an energy conversion efficiency by forming a semiconductor oxide layer on a conductive substrate, forming an organic layer in a core-shell structure thereon, and adsorbing a dye on the organic layer through the use of an electrostatic attraction.

Idealized solar panel

A solar panel is constructed by electrically connecting one or more banks of solar cells in series, wherein each cell in each bank is electrically connected in series. In some aspects the cells are a quarter of typical full size cells in the direction of current flow. A module senses and controls small signal conduction and total conduction of the panel such that reverse current conduction of a weak or partially shaded cell is prevented, thereby allowing the panel to be constructed without bypass diodes. In some aspects the module prevents damage to the panel by an external inverter's maximum power point experiments; in other aspects the module itself provides maximum power point control.

Gas-barrier multilayer film

Provided is a gas-barrier multilayer film which is superior in gas-barrier properties and interlayer adhesion property, and which exhibits less deterioration in gas-barrier properties and is resistant to interlayer delamination even in prolonged exposure to a high-temperature and high-humidity environment or after a retort treatment. A gas-barrier multilayer film, wherein (A) a first inorganic thin film layer, (C) a gas-barrier resin composition layer, and (D) a second inorganic thin film layer are stacked in this order with or without intervention of other layers on at least one surface of a plastic film, the gas-barrier resin composition layer (C) is formed from a gas-barrier resin composition comprising (a) a gas-barrier resin including an ethylene-vinyl alcohol-based copolymer, (b) an inorganic layered compound, and (c) at least one additive selected from coupling agents and crosslinking agents, and the content of the inorganic layered compound (b) in the gas-barrier resin composition is from 0.1% by mass to 20% by mass based on 100% by mass in total of the gas-barrier resin (a), the inorganic layered compound (b), and the additive (c).

Solar cell and assembly of a plurality of solar cells

The invention relates to a solar cell ( 1 ), comprising a front side ( 10 ) and rear side ( 20 ). In use, the front side ( 10 ) is turned towards the light, on account of which charge carriers accumulate on the front side ( 10 ) and charge carriers of an opposite type accumulate on the rear side ( 20 ). The front side ( 10 ) is provided with a first pattern ( 13 ) of conductive elements ( 51, 52 ) which are connected to first contact points ( 15 ) on the rear side ( 20 ) by means of a number of vias ( 14 ) in the solar cell. The rear side ( 20 ) is provided with a second pattern of conductive elements ( 22 ) which are connected to second contact points ( 21 ) on the rear side ( 20 ). The first and second contact points ( 15, 21 ) are situated along a number of lines ( 30 ). The first contact points ( 15 ) are situated on a first side of the lines ( 30 ) and the second contact points ( 21 ) are situated on a second side of the lines ( 30 ).

Serial connection of thin-layer solar cells

The invention relates to a serial connection of thin layer solar cells. The aim of the invention is to provide a structuring method which provides a reliable and effective connection, prevents short-circuits and enlarges usable solar cell surfaces. The aim of the invention is achieved according to claims 1 and 14, the solution being suitable for mass production.

Arrangement and circuit, and method for interconnecting flat solar cells

The invention relates to an arrangement and circuit, and to a method for interconnecting flat rigid or flexible solar cells, the photoelectrical active layers thereof being applied to an insulating substrate material. The aim of the invention is provide a novel arrangement and circuit and an associated method for interconnecting flat solar cells, reducing the risk of short circuit and the inactive surface area in the matrix composite of the solar module and selectively allowing simple interconnection, both as a parallel circuit and as a series circuit in production. The solar cells ( 1 ) in the arrangement and circuit of flat rigid or flexible solar cells are disposed overlapping in the contact area to one or more adjacent solar cells ( 1 ). Said solar cells ( 1 ) are interconnected to each other directly once or a plurality of times in a novel manner, having a contact material ( 10 ) at the overlapping area to each other, used in contact material ( 10 ) or switching points ( 22 ).

Method and Apparatus for Forming and Mounting a Photovoltaic Array

A photovoltaic (PV) module framing and coupling system enables the attachment of PV modules to a roof or other mounting surface without requiring the use of separate structural support members which attach directly to and span between multiple PV modules in a formed PV array. The apparatus provides a parallel coupling for securely interlocking the outside surfaces of parallel frame members together in a side to side arrangement to form an array with improved structural load distribution. The coupling may attach to a slot in the frame at substantially any position along the length of the frame thereby enabling the interconnection of adjacent PV modules along both an x and y axis. The apparatus may further provide a rotating portion and locking portion, mounting brackets for direct connection to a mounting surface, grounding teeth, and a twist-lock engagement means for interlocking and aligning PV modules in the array.