ВЫСОКОСКОРОСТНОЙ СПОСОБ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ ИЗДЕЛИЙ ИЗ МИКРОПОРИСТОЙ ПЛЕНКИ

Изобретение относится к технологии получения изделий из микропористой пленки, проницаемых для влажного пара и действующих как барьер по отношению к жидкости. Изготовление указанных изделий проводят высокоскоростным способом при скоростях порядка от 2,8 до 6,1 м/с, экструдируя смешанные в расплаве термопластичные полимеры с содержанием приблизительно 35-45% по весу линейного полиэтилена низкой плотности, приблизительно 3-10% по весу полиэтилена низкой плотности, приблизительно 40-55% по весу частиц карбоната кальция в виде наполнителя и приблизительно 2-6% по весу трехблочного стиролового сополимера. 2 с. и 17 з.п. ф-лы, 5 ил., 1 табл.

Способ выращивания крупногабаритных тонкостенных моделей отливок деталей двигателестроения с использованием технологии 3D печати

Изобретение относится к литейному производству с применением разовых моделей, а именно изготовлению крупногабаритных моделей для литья по выжигаемым моделям с помощью аддитивной технологии FDM, в частности к способу выращивания крупногабаритных тонкостенных моделей отливок деталей двигателестроения с использованием технологии 3D печати. Способ включает изготовление крупногабаритных тонкостенных моделей отливок из натурального PLA пластика без примесей, имеющего низкую зольность, на FDM принтере с отделением модели от литниково-питающей системы (ЛПС), с выращиванием элементов ЛПС пустотелыми на скоростях до 150 мм/с, с процентом внутреннего заполнения модели и остальных элементов ЛПС от 2 до 5%, с последующей склейкой и герметизацией частей отливки. Технический результат заявленного изобретения заключается в получении однородных герметичных крупногабаритных выжигаемых моделей, отличающихся высокой размерной точностью, в короткие сроки с уменьшением трудоемкости, себестоимости изготовления ...

Способ изготовления полимерного открытопористого материала

... 1. Способ изготовления полимерного открытопористого материала, включающий формирование пористой матрицы из легкоудаляемого вещества с системой пор заданной формы и размера, формирование второй матрицы заполнением пор первой матрицы веществом, легкоудаляемым способом иным, чем вещество первой матрицы, удаление первой матрицы, формирование полимерной фазой в порах второй матрицы, образовавшихся после удаления первой матрицы, упрочнение полимерной фазы, удаление второй матрицы.2. Способ по п. 1, в котором после удаления второй матрицы на упрочненную полимерную фазу наносят защитное покрытие из поли-пара-ксилилена.3. Способ по п. 1, в котором формирование первой матрицы осуществляют с использованием оборудования, называемого 3D-принтер.

СПОСОБ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ ЯЧЕИСТОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ НА ПЛАСТИКОВОЙ ОСНОВЕ

... 1. Способ изготовления ячеистой структуры на пластиковой основе, включающий: ! стадию (a), во время которой параллельные тонкие пластины композиции на основе по меньшей мере одного термопластичного полимера (Р), выбранного из аморфных и полукристалличных полимеров, непрерывно экструдируют через головку, содержащую множество параллельных щелей; ! стадию (b), во время которой на выходе из головки экструдера и в перемежающейся последовательности промежутки между смежными тонкими пластинами подвергают нагнетанию текучей среды (f) и вакуумированию, причем две стороны одной и той же тонкой пластины подвергаются, с одной стороны, воздействию текучей среды (f) и, с другой стороны, воздействию вакуума, и наоборот во время следующей перемены для того, чтобы создать деформацию пластин и спаять их попарно с образованием в плоскости приблизительно параллельно направлению экструзии ячеистой структуры, чьи составляющие ячейки расширены перпендикулярно направлению экструзии; ! стадия (c), во время которой ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ФОРМОВАННЫХ ПЕНОПОЛИУРЕТАНОВЫХ ПОВЯЗОК ДЛЯ РАН

... 1. Способ получения формованных изделий, ! причем в первой области на пористый слой воздействуют давлением от ≥ 0 бар до ≤ 150 бар при температуре от ≥ 0°С до ≤ 200°С и во время воздействия давления в первой области пористый слой подвергают сжатию до величины от ≥ 12,5% до ≤ 100% от его первоначального объема; ! причем во второй области на пористый слой воздействуют давлением от ≥ 50 бар до ≤ 150 бар при температуре от ≤ 100°С до ≤ 200°С и во время воздействия давления во второй области пористый слой подвергают сжатию до величины от ≥ 0% до ≤ 12,5% от его первоначального объема; ! причем пористый слой в первой области и во второй области содержит пенополиуретан, который получают вспениванием композиции, содержащей водную дисперсию анионного гидрофилизированного полиуретана (I), и сушкой. ! 2. Способ по п.1, причем формование второй области проводят в течение от ≥ 45 с до ≤ 90 с. ! 3. Способ по п.1, причем композиция, из которой получают пенополиуретан пористого слоя, дополнительно содержит ...

Verfahren zur Herstellung von endlosen Flach- oder Rundfaeden aus synthetischen Polymerisat-dispersionen

Schaumprodukt für Innenausstattung und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung.

Poröse Strukture und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung.

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON SCHAUMSTOFFEN AUS CHLORIERTEN POLYMERISATEN

Verfahren zur Herstellung von porösen Formkörpern aus thermoplastischen Polymeren, poröse Formkörper und Verwendung der Formkörper

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON POROESEN POLYTETRAFLUORAETHYLENFOLIEN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR DURCHFUEHRUNG DES VERFAHRENS

VORGESCHNITTENE SICH ANPASSENDE SCHAUMUNTERLAGE FÜR FAHRZEUGBODENTEPPICHE

Optisches Übertragungselement

A method of Manufacturing Olefin Polymer Foam

... 1,189,505. Moulding plastic substances. FURUKAWA DENKI KOGYO K.K. 29 June, 1967 [28 Sept., 1966], No. 30096/67. Heading B5A. [Also in Division C3] A foam is produced by mixing a crystalline olefine polymer or mixture thereof with an organic elastomeric polymer and/or an amorphous organic synthetic resinous polymer, the latter two polymers being miscible with the crystalline polymer and their total amount by weight being not more than that of the crystalline polymer, with an olefine polymer cross-linking agent and a blowing agent whose activation and decomposition temperatures respectively are higher than the melting point of the crystalline polymer, the mixture is moulded into a matrix which is then heated in a gas at 3-50 kg./cm.2 pressure and at a temperature higher than the activation temperature of the cross-linking agent and the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent whereby a primary expansion is effected and the crystalline olefine polymer is cross-linked. The expanded ...

Moulding expanded resin cups

Forming method of producing thin-walled finished articles such as cups of expanded resin including steps of: heating beads of expandable thermoplastic resin in a mold cavity of a preforming mold, causing the beads to be expanded and fused together to produce a preformed article; transferring the preformed article as pressurized in an atmosphere under pressure to a finish-forming mold; and compressively forming the preformed article with the finish-forming mold. Also, disclosed in apparatus to be used for embodying the method of forming expanded resin cups, including: a pressure chamber held as pressurized, a preforming mold in which beads of expandable thermoplastic resin introduced in the mold cavity are heated, causing the beads to be expanded and fused together to produce a preformed article; male member transferring means for transferring the male member of the preforming mold together with the preformed article, to a position opposite to the female member of a finish-forming mold; ...

Elevator information display

An elevator information display system has an information input terminal 15, 13 coupled to a plurality of interface stations 17, 18a, 18b... provided in an elevator cage and at each floor hoarding point to control information displays 11, 12a, 12b... The information input terminal 15, 13 transmits inputted character message data and a plurality of the character data, the latter from a ROM 26 and/or a ROM in 15. Each of the interface stations stores the character data in an electrically-rewritable memory 23 and converts the character message data to display pattern data by referring to the character data. ...

FREE FLOW INTERLOCKING PACKING MATERIAL OF LOW BULK DENSITY

... 1312486 Moulding cellular articles FREEFLOW PACKAGING CORP 8 April 1970 [11 April 1969] 16617/70 Heading B5A [Also in Divisions B8 and C3] An interlocking free flow packing material is made by heating a plastics material together with foaming and nucleating agents to form a heat softened extrusion mass which is extruded, e.g. by being continuously fed to an extrusion zone and heating the extrusion mass, to form the heat-softened tube, the tube is subject to cooling, e.g. in an ambient atmosphere, to a hardened stage, the extruded tube is then longitudinally stretched, e.g. by being continuously frictionally engaged to pull the same away from the extrusion zone to thereby stretch and to maintain the freshly extruded material in a desired hollow tube configuration, such longitudinal stretching serving to longitudinally orient gas cells formed in the walls of the tube during the extruding, the hardened tube is continuously sliced to form at least two adjacent substantially hollow annular tube ...

Heat-weldable cellular material

... 947,473. Heat weldable cellular material. PRODUITS SYNTHETIQUES APPLIQUES. Oct. 18, 1962 [Oct. 20, 1961], No. 39411/62. Heading B5A. A process for the manufacture of articles from elements of a heat weldable cellular material comprises completely expanding the elements and then welding them together by heating to the softening temperature of the material whilst they are kept in a state of compression the compression originating outside the elements. Compression may be carried out in a perforated mould having a lid slidable in piston fashion. Alternatively compression may be obtained (a) by locating in a mould a vessel of variable volume, into which fluid under pressure may be introduced; (b) by injecting the cellular elements under pressure into a closed mould; (c) by passing the elements between calendering rolls; (d) by the worm of an extruder; (e) between a moving piston and a fixed closing device, retractable on completion of the process to allow ejection of the article. Compression ...

FIBRE REINFORCED MOULDED PLASTICS ARTICLES

Porous inorganic/organic hybrid materials with ordered domains for chromatographic separations and processes for their preparation

Improvements in or relating to a process and apparatus for producing foam from aqueous dispersions of rubber

... 471,899. Producing foam. DUNLOP RUBBER CO., Ltd., MURPHY, E. A., MADGE. E. W., TAYLOR, S. D., and POUNDER, D. W. March 11, 1936, No. 7307. [Class 47 (ii)] [Also in Group V] Aqueous dispersions of rubber, guttapercha, balata, &c. are formed into foam by passing the dispersion and a gas concurrently through pipes 1, 2 into a cylindrical vessel 3, fitted with a rotating stirrer 4 having a sun- andplanet motion. The foam passes down a shoot 5 into a mixing- vessel 6 from which it is discharged through a rubber tube 10 with an adjustable clamp 9. The dispersion may be vulcanized or compounded, and may be admixed with lather-forming ingredients such as soap, setting or gelling agents such as sodium silicofluoride, stabilizers such as casein, substances which reduce the ammonia content such as formaldehyde or substances which generate gases by chemical reaction. The additions may be made to the dispersion before foaming, or through nozzles 7 to the foam. Formaldehyde or solvent vapours may be ...

Method for applying a layer of thermoplastic resin or thermoplastic material to the surface of a foamed plastics material

A foamed plastics material is covered with an adherent surface layer of a thermoplastic material by placing the foamed plastics material and a layer of thermoplastic material into a heated mould while interposing a removable metal insert between the thermoplastic material and the mould, pressing in the mould until the thermoplastic material sticks to the foamed plastics material, and thereafter removing the resulting coated foamed plastics material and insert from the heated mould. The coated foamed plastics material may be removed from the mould whilst hot, and the mould used again, but the insert is not stripped off until the material is cold. The foamed plastics material may be a polyvinyl chloride foam, polystyrene foam or polyurethane foam. The thermoplastic material may be polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, a polyamide, or a butadiene copolymer with either acrylonitrile or styrene, and may be applied either as a continuous sheet or as a paste containing a plasticizer. The metal ...

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING A FLOATING COVER FOR A LIQUID RESERVOIR

... 1478632 Floating covers LA VERMICULITE ET LA PERLITE SA 9 July 1974 [11 July 1973] 30381/74 Heading EIT A floating cover for a liquid reservoir e.g. of fresh or waste water is made by extrusion moulding from a rapidly polymerisable foamed plastics material at the site of the reservoir a succession of elongate elements having a substantially parallelogram cross-section, the moulding being effected so that as each of the moulded elements issues from the mould it moves into a position adjacent a previously moulded element spanning the reservoir, and a bonding material is applied between adjacent elements to join them together. As shown the extrusion moulding device 6 moves in steps along a track 7 and its operation is controlled by a sensing device 12, which operates a control unit 15, moving in synchronism along a track 13. A severing device (not shown) associated with the moulding machine cuts off each element 1 to the desired length. The control unit causes a bevelling device to form a ...

VERFAHREN ZUM KASCHIEREN EINES SCHAUMSTOFFKOERPERS

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF WORKPIECES

SKI SHOE

USE OF A FILTERING MEDIUM

PROCEDURE FOR COVERING A SCHAUMSTOFFKOERPERS

MICRO PARTICLE FROM EXPANDED PLASTICS AND PROCEDURE FOR YOUR PRODUCTION

SANDWICH SLAB AND PROCEDURE FOR THE OERTLICHEN REINFORCEMENT OF A SAND YIELDING STRUCTURE.

FIBER-REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIAL.

FIBER-REINFORCED FIGURATIONS OF PLASTIC ARTICLES.

PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING FOAM MATERIAL ARTICLES WITH ZONES OF DIFFERENT HAERTE.

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FOAM MATERIAL DECORATED TILES

PRODUCTION OF THERMOPLASTIC ARTICLES, IN PARTICULAR WITH POROUS WAENDEN.

PROCEDURE FOR MAKING ARTICLES OF LIGHT CELLULAR PLASTIC WITH CLOSED CELLS

Device for laminating polyurethan-foam material courses

Procedure for covering a foam material body

STABLE GRID NETWORK STRUCTURE FROM PLASTIC AND PROCEDURE FOR THEIR PRODUCTION

MEHRLAGIGES BAUELEMENT AUS THERMISCH VERFORMBAREM KUNSTSTOFFSCHAUM

Procedure for the production of molded articles from particles of a foamed thermoplastic plastic

POROUS MOLDED ARTICLES FROM THERMOPLASTIC POLYMERS

Thermally insulated housing for household refrigerators

COMPATIBILITY MEDIATOR FOR COMPOSITE MATERIALS FROM NATURAL FIBERS

POROUS FILMS OF POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE

COMPOSITE ARTICLE OF CONSTANT SECTION COMPRISING A CORE AND AN OUTER COVER

Method for obtaining graded pore structure in scaffolds for tissues and bone, and scaffolds with graded pore structure for tissue and bone

Process for the production of products of light cellular plastic with closed cells

RAPID RECOVERABLE PTFE & PROCESS THEREFOR

PROCESSES OF MAKING A POROUS MEMBRANE MATERIAL FROM POLYVINYLIDENE FLUORIDE, AND PRODUCTS

PRODUCTION OF FOAMS

A method of continuous production of foamed material, wherein foam forming materials are fed from below at a controlled rate and the foamed material is drawn away from above at a corresponding rate. Foaming takes place in a diverging expansion enclosure bounded by moving sheet material fed in collapsed tubular form and constrained to follow a diverging path and drawn away from above so as to travel with the foaming material at a rate corresponding to its rate of travel.

EXPANDED STYRENE-POLYMERS AND POLYOLEFIN MICRO-BITS AND THEIR PREPARATION

OF INVENTION Involved are (I) expanded, thermoplastic, non-brittle as expanded polymers selected from a styrene-polymer and a polyolefin from polyethylene to poly-methylpentene, said expanded polymer being in form of micro-bits which (a) are from about 40 to about 325 microns long and from about 20 to about 325 microns wide, (b) are substantially completely to entirely completely free (i) of intact cells of expanded polymer bit-pieces from which they were produced and of (ii) any uniformity in outline of individual micro-bit particles, and (c) in density are from about 85 percent of, to about substantially the same as, the specific unexpanded polymer from which there was provided the aforesaid expanded polymer; and (II) a method of preparing these micro-bits by impelling a mixture of them in water in a confined comminuting zone through a circular path by repeated impact by a plurality of impact surfaces spaced axially and radially apart from one another and rotated about the circular path's ...

METHOD OF REMOVING FOAM BODIES FROM MOLDS

SHAPED ARTICLES FORMED FROM POLYMERS CAPABLE OF EXHIBITING ANISOTROPIC MELTS

A shaped article containing a polymer which is capable of exhibiting anisotropy in the melt characterised in that the ratio of the stiffness in any two directions at right angles in the shaped article differs by at least 10%, and preferably by at least 50%, from the ratio in the same two directions for a control sample made from a melt consisting entirely of the polymer in anisotropic form, and wherein there is present in the shaped article at least 10% by volume of an inert filler in the form of voids. These may be obtained by a variety of methods including disturbing the normal flow pattern of flow into a mould by including obstacles to flow in the mould, disturbing the pattern of flow by foaming in the mould, by using polymers capable of existing as a bi-phase anisotropic and isotropic melt and forming shaped articles in which this two-phase disposition is retained.

PRODUCING THERMOPLASTIC ARTICLES, PARTICULARLY WITH POROUS WALLS

PRODUCING THERMOPLASTIC ARTICLES PARTICULARY WITH POROUS WALLS An article is molded from a thermoplastic material matrix having a particulate filler distributed throughout the matrix. The article is then expanded to develop fissures between the thermoplastic matrix material and particles of the filler material, so as to render the article porous. Apparatus for expanding a pipe from the inside or expanding the sides of corrugations in a pipe are also disclosed.

RIGID AND SEMIRIGID FOAMS AND PROCESS OF MAKING THEM

METHOD FOR MAKING A SUBSTANTIALLY PLANAR STRUCTURE CONSTITUTED BY JOINTED BUILDING ELEMENTS

The present invention is related to a method for manufacturing a substantially planar and horizontal rigid structure constituted by building elements which are jointed to each other, comprising the steps of successively moulding said building elements form a rapidly polymerizing foamed plastic material; transferring successively said building elements immediately after polymerization of said plastic material; to a predetermined location in the structure to be obtained so as place each one of said elements into a juxtaposed position with respect to the previously transferred element, said transferring step being carried out preferably after a modification of at least a portion of the surface of said elements; and jointing to said predetermined location to the element which has previously been transferred.

MOLDING DEVICE

SHAPED ARTICLES FORMED FROM POLYMERS CAPABLE OF EXHIBITING ANISOTROPIC MELTS

PLASTIC FOAM NET MATERIALS

TISSUE ENGINEERING SCAFFOLDS

The present invention relates to tissue engineering scaffolds (TE scaffolds) that mimic the biomechanical behavior of native blood vessels, tissue engineered blood vessels (TEBVs) derived from the TE scaffolds, and methods of making and using the TE scaffolds and TEBVs.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MAKING POROUS FILMS, FIBERS, SPHERES, AND OTHER ARTICLES

Multiple processes for preparing porous articles are described. The porous articles can be in a wide array of shapes and configurations. The methods include providing a soluble material in particulate form and forming a packed region from the material. The methods also include contacting a flowable polymeric material with the packed region such that the polymeric material is disposed in voids in the packed region. The polymeric material is then at least partially solidified. The soluble material is then removed such as by solvent washing to thereby produce desired porous articles. Also described are systems for performing the various processes.

PROCESS FOR PREPARING MULTIHARDNESS FOAM ARTICLES

PRODUCTION METHOD OF EXPANSION-MOLDED ARTICLE AND FILLING APPARATUS OF FOAMED PARTICLES OF THERMOPLASTIC RESIN FOR USE IN SUCH METHOD

Disclosed herein is a method of producing an expansion-molded article by filling foamed particles of a thermoplastic resin into a mold and then causing the foamed particles to expand and fusion-bond under heat. The method comprises measuring the weight of the foamed particles to be filled to fill a fixed weight of the foamed particles into the mold, thereby expansion-molding them. A filling apparatus of foamed particles of a thermoplastic resin is also disclosed. The apparatus comprises a weigh hopper equipped with a weighing means; a foamed particle feeder adapted to control the amount of the foamed particles of the thermoplastic resin to be fed to the weigh hopper according to the weight of the foamed particles contained in the weigh hopper; a particle feed hopper adapted to temporarily keep a fixed weight of the foamed particles, which have been weighed in the weigh hopper, and then to transfer them; and a filling machine for filling the foamed particles into a mold.

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOSITE MOLDED ARTICLES

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CELLULAR PLASTIC

... 2064199 9101212 PCTABS00003 A process for the continuous or semi-continuous production of cellular plastic material from a plastic compound containing a blowing agent and, optionally, other process-regulative substances and additives, comprising: (a) feeding of the raw materials to a plastic processing machine; (b) kneading of the raw materials in the plastic processing machine under conditions of temperature and pressure which will produce an expanding compound upon release of pressure alone; (c) transfer of the plastic compound directly to a cooling zone; (d) cooling of the compound in the cooling zone to a continuous stock having high viscosity and rigidity and an approximately flat velocity profile under pressure formed by an upstream-directed pressure component; (e) optionally, stepless transfer to a braking-retaining zone; (f) build-up of the upstream-directed pressure component until the pressure in the plastic mass in the upstream located zones is sufficient to prevent expansion ...

Verfahren zur Verformung von Körpern aus synthetischem Schaumstoff

Verfahren zum Verdampfen von Flüssigkeiten und Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Verfahren zur Herstellung von sandwichartig zusammengesetzten gewölbten Formkörpern aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen

Procédé de fabrication d'un objet en matière cellulaire, appareil pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé et objet obtenu par ce procédé

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Folien aus thermoplastischen Polymeren sowie danach hergestellte Folien und deren Verwendung zur Herstellung von Laminaten

Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Gleitführung für Maschinen und Apparate

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Registrier- und Kopierpapiers

Mehrstufiger konischer Wärmeaustauscher

Verfahren zum festhaftenden Beschichten der Oberfläche von aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffschäumen bestehenden Bahnen mit textilen Bahnen

Prodn of highly permeable microporous plastic film

Microporous polymer films having maximum permeability properties are characterised by having (1) an apparent density below the real density of the polymer formin ghe film; (2) a microporous structure essentially all the pores being mutually connected from surface to surface of the structure; and (e) an optimum distribution of pore dimensions in the film structure. The films are suitable for use as microporous membranes, etc.

Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de produits cellulaires

Plastics sheets applied to foam panels - by maintaining pressure drop across panel

Method of applying a plastics facing sheet onto a plastics foam panel, esp. a structural panel, consists of holding the sheet on a frame esp. by suction around the edges, heating it to soften it, then laying it on the panel, then producing a pressure drop through the panel, so that the sheet is pressed onto it. The sheet is finally cooled. Either top pressure or bottom suction may be used for producing the pressure drop.

Konischer Wärmeaustauscher

Konischer Wärmeaustauscher

Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen Aufbringen einer wärmeisolierenden Hülle aus geschäumtem Kunststoff auf Metallrohre und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Verfahren zum festhaftenden Beschichten der Oberfläche von aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffschäumen bestehenden Bahnen mit Bahnen aus nichttextilen Werkstoffen

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Druck- und Schriftträgers von hoher Opazität

Bauelement mit einem elastischen, zusammengepressten Schaumstoffkörper

Procédé pour faire adhérer deux matières sous forme de feuilles, dont l'une est une mousse au polyuréthane

Appareil pour la fabrication d'un stratifié comprenant une bande de mousse de polyuréthane et une bande d'une matière de support flexible

Integral foam lined containers such as - synthetic leather handbags

Hollow objects such as handbags, purses, boxes, etc. are made by processes such as rotational moulding, centrifugal casting, etc. by first coating the interior of a hollow metal mould with a layer of resin and/or decorative particles such as granulated leathers and subsequently adding a coating of a paste of a foam-forming resin prior to gelling the two layers into an integral moulding. For making foam lined articles in a single operation instead of tailoring and sticking segments of a sheet lining material into a tailored or moulded shell. Use of PVC polyethylene based pastes particularly claimed.

Moulded thermoplastic body prodn - using expanded grains or laminates

Shaped flat objects or deep drawn bodies using thermoplastic synthetic materials esp. polystyrene, are produced from compacted or expanded laminates of foils, or plates, with or without supplementary masses of granules either expanded or containing expanding agents, using single or multiple heating passes and moulding under pressure maintained during cooling below softening temp. The composite raw material is first warmed to an extent leaving the edges of thecarrier foil at between 50 - 250 degrees C and then kept at that temp. for moulding or allowed to cool and moulded in hot tools before further cooling and unmoulding. Reduced cycle time still allows shell mouldings with wall thickness of 0.3 - 2.5 mm. to be reliably made.

Article en matière thermoplastique expansée

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines zur Selbstaufblähung fähigen, aus Ultramikrozellen aufgebauten Körpers

Verfahren zum Herstellen von Formteilen aus Kunstschaumstoff

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINES VERPACKUNGSMATERIALS.

Process for production of honeycomb structure, honeycomb structure, and particulate filter

A method of manufacturing a honeycomb structure comprises a step of forming a molded article by molding a raw material containing a ceramic powder and a pore-forming agent; and a step of manufacturing a honeycomb structure by sintering the molded article, wherein the pore-forming agent is powder formed of a material that disappears at a sintering temperature or less where the molded article is sintered, the powder is obtained by mixing a small particle size powder and a large particle size powder, a median particle size of which a ratio of a cumulative mass with respect to a total mass of the small particle size powder is 50% is 5 to 20 μm, a median particle size of which a ratio of a cumulative mass with respect to a total mass of the large particle size powder is 50% is 30 μm or more, and a ninety-percentage particle size of which a ratio of a cumulative mass with respect to a total mass of the large particle size powder is 90% is 80 μm or less.

Micro-Vascular Materials And Composites For Forming The Materials

A microvascular system includes a solid polymeric matrix and a woven structure in the matrix. The woven structure includes a plurality of fibers, and a plurality of microfluidic channels, where at least a portion of the microfluidic channels are interconnected. The microvascular system may be made by forming a composite that includes a solid polymeric matrix and a plurality of sacrificial fibers in the matrix, heating the composite to a temperature of from 100 to 250° C., maintaining the composite at a temperature of from 100 to 250° C. for a time sufficient to form degradants from the sacrificial fibers, and removing the degradants from the composite. The sacrificial fibers may include a polymeric fiber matrix including a poly(hydroxyalkanoate) and a metal selected from the group consisting of an alkali earth metal and a transition metal, in the fiber matrix, where the concentration of the metal in the fiber matrix is at least 0.1 wt %. 1. A microvascular system , comprising:a solid polymeric matrix; a plurality of fibers, and', 'a plurality of microfluidic channels,, 'a woven structure in the matrix, the woven structure comprising'}where at least a portion of the microfluidic channels are interconnected.2. The microvascular system of claim 1 , where the woven structure comprises warp threads and weft threads in a 2D woven structure claim 1 , and at least a portion of the microfluidic channels are present as weft threads.3. The microvascular system of claim 1 , where the woven structure comprises warp threads claim 1 , weft threads and Z-threads in a 3D woven structure claim 1 , and at least a portion of the microfluidic channels are present as weft threads or as Z-threads.4. The microvascular system of claim 1 , where the microfluidic channels have an average diameter of from 20 to 500 micrometers.5. The microvascular system of claim 1 , where the fibers are selected from the group consisting of carbon fibers and glass fibers.6. The microvascular system of claim 1 ...

Device and method for treating central nervous system pathology

The present invention relates generally to a device and method for treating tissues of the central nervous system and more particularly, but not exclusively, to a device and method for treating the brain tissue.

Solid freeform fabrication using a plurality of modeling materials

A system and methods for solid freeform fabrication of an object is disclosed. The system comprises a solid freeform fabrication apparatus having a plurality of dispensing heads, a building material supply apparatus configured to supply a plurality of building materials to the fabrication apparatus, and a control unit configured for controlling the fabrication apparatus and the supply apparatus based on an operation mode selected from a plurality of predetermined operation modes.

Method for producing polycarbonate resin foam molded article

The present invention provides a foamed molded article production method that can produce polycarbonate resin foamed blow-molded articles, etc. Which are good over a wide range of densities. The present invention is a method for producing a foamed molded article including extruding a foamable molten resin, formed by kneading a polycarbonate resin, a polyester resin in an amount of 5 to 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polycarbonate resin and a foaming agent, from a die to obtain a foamed parison, and molding the foamed parison in a softened state in a mold. The polyester resin is a polyester copolymer containing diol component units, 10 to 80 mol % of which are glycol component units each having a cyclic ether structure, and dicarboxylic acid component units.

Composite porous membrane, method for producing composite porous membrane and battery separator using same

A composite porous membrane including a porous membrane A formed of a polyolefin-based resin; and a porous membrane B containing a heat-resistant resin and laminated on the porous membrane A, wherein the porous membrane A satisfies formulas (A) to (C), the composite porous membrane satisfies formula (D), and the composite porous membrane satisfies formulas (F) and (F) wherein thickness of porous membrane A<10 μm formula (A); 0.01 μm≦average pore diameter of porous membrane A≦1.0 μm formula (B); 30% porosity of porous membrane A≦70% formula (C); thickness of entire composite porous membrane≦13 μm formula (a); peel strength at interface between porous membrane A and porous membrane B≧1.0 N/25 mm formula (E); 20≦Y−X≦100 formula CO and wherein X is a gas permeation resistance (seconds/100 ccAir) of porous membrane A, and Y is a gas permeation resistance (seconds/100 ccAir) of the composite porous membrane.

POROUS THIN FILM HAVING HOLES AND A PRODUCTION METHOD THEREFOR

The present application relates to a porous thin film having holes, wherein the holes are formed in the top part and/or the bottom part of the thin film and the holes are linked to the pores of the thin film; and the present invention also relates to a production method for a porous thin film having holes, comprising the use of a particle alignment layer as a mould. 1. A method for producing a porous thin film having holes , comprising:forming a particle alignment layer on a first substrate;contacting the first substrate, on which the particle alignment layer is formed, with a second substrate to transfer the particle alignment layer onto the second substrate;coating the particle alignment layer transferred onto the second substrate with a first thin film formation material to form a particle-first thin film composite; andremoving part of the coated first thin film in the particle-first thin film composite to form a plurality of holes, and then, remove the particles through the holes.2. The method of claim 1 ,wherein the step of removing the particles includes:etching part of the first thin film to form a plurality of holes thereby exposing part of each of the particles through the holes; andremoving the exposed particles through the holes.34-. (canceled)5. The method of claim 1 ,wherein the particle alignment layer includes a monolayer or a multiplayer of the particles.6. The method of claim 1 ,wherein the first substrate has a pattern of a first intaglio or a first relief formed on a surface thereof.7. The method of claim 6 ,wherein the step of forming the particle alignment layer on the first substrate comprises putting a plurality of particles on the first substrate, and then, inserting parts or all of the particles into pores formed by the first intaglio or the first relief through a physical pressure so as to form the particle alignment layer on the first substrate.8. The method of claim 7 ,wherein the physical pressure is applied by rubbing or pressing ...

NANOPOROUS MATERIALS, MANUFACTURE OF NANOPOROUS MATERIALS AND APPLICATIONS OF NANOPOROUS MATERIALS

A nanoporous material is disclosed having a plurality of lamellae. Through each lamella is an array of penetrating pores. Adjacent lamellae are spaced apart by an intervening spacing layer. The spacing layer comprises an array of spacing elements integrally formed with and extending between the adjacent lamellae. The spacing layer has interconnected porosity extending within the spacing layer. Such a nanoporous material can be manufactured using block copolymer materials. First, a morphology is formed comprising a three dimensional array of isolated islands in a continuous matrix. The islands are formed of at least one island component of the block copolymer and the matrix is formed of at least one matrix component of the block copolymer. Next, channels are formed in the matrix between at least some of the islands. The island component is then selectively removed to leave the matrix with an array of interconnected pores. 1. A method of manufacturing a nanoporous material including the steps:forming a morphology comprising a three dimensional array of isolated islands in a continuous matrix, wherein the islands are formed of at least one island component of a block copolymer and the matrix is formed of at least one matrix component of the block copolymer;forming channels in the matrix between at least some of the islands; andselectively removing the island component to leave the matrix with an array of interconnected pores.2. The method according to wherein the islands are substantially equi-axed.3. The method according to wherein the islands have an average diameter of at least 5 nm.4. The method according to wherein the three dimensional array of islands is a substantially ordered array.5. The method according to wherein there is a regular minimum spacing between adjacent islands claim 4 , and where the average diameter of the islands is d claim 4 , the regular minimum spacing between adjacent islands is at least 1.5d.6. The method according to wherein the number ...

MANNER OF OBTAINMENT OF BINDING AGENT FOR MASS FOR PRODUCTION OF SHAPED CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS AND BINDING AGENT FOR MASS FOR PRODUCTION OF SHAPED CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS

The invention solves the problem of the manner of obtainment of mass for production of shaped construction elements. The manner consists of the fact, that in the mechanical mixer a ceramic granulate is placed, preferably in the form of pearlite and is soaked, preferably with water until complete soaking of the granulate and is mixed with the binding agent until obtainment of the situation, where each loose grain () of the granulate is coated with a layer of moist binding agent, creating a coating () around the grain. Priorly prepared moulds are filled with the obtained mass. The mass for production of shaped construction elements consists of 15-25% of bond weight, preferably in the form of pearlite, 35-45% of binding agent weight, preferably in the form of plaster with improved resistance parameters and 35-45% of water weight. 1123. The manner of obtainment of mass for production of shaped construction elements , characterized in that , that in the mechanical mixer ceramic granulate is placed in the form of pearlite and is soaked , preferably in water , until complete soaking of the granulate and is mixed with the binding agent , preferably with plaster of higher class until obtainment of the situation where each loose grain () of the granulate will be coated with a layer of moist binding agent , creating a coating () around the grain , after which the obtained mass is placed with priorly prepared moulds until full and then it is stress treated until obtainment of connection of the grains with parts of their surfaces , so that there is free space () maintained between the grains , filled with air.2. The mass for production of shaped construction elements , characterized in that , that it consists of 15-25% of bond weight , preferably in the form of pearlite , 35-45% of binding agent weight , preferably in the form of plaster with improved resistance parameters and 35-45% of water weight. The subject matter of the invention is the manner of obtainment of mass for ...

Method for Producing Porous Monolith

A method for producing a monolithic porous body having a trimodal hierarchical porous structure by a sol-gel method is provided. The method includes a sol preparation step of preparing a precursor sol, a gelation step of inducing a sol-gel transition and a phase separation in parallel on the precursor sol in a gelation container housing a template obtained by configuring organic polymer fibers into an aggregation having a three-dimensional spread, to form a gel made of a co-continuous structure of a hydrogel phase and a solvent phase, in the space around the organic polymer fibers, and a removal step of removing the solvent phase and the organic polymer fibers individually or simultaneously from the gel. The organic polymer fibers have a structure in which the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is contractible while the extension in the longitudinal direction is restricted. Template holes, through-pores and smallpores are formed in voids remaining after the removal of the organic polymer fibers, voids remaining after the removal of the solvent phase, and a skeleton of the hydrogel phase, respectively. 1. A method for producing a monolithic porous body having a trimodal hierarchical porous structure by a sol-gel method comprising:a sol preparation step of preparing a precursor sol;a gelation step of inducing a sol-gel transition and a phase separation in parallel on the precursor sol in a gelation container housing a template obtained by configuring organic polymer fibers into an aggregation having a three-dimensional spread, to form a gel made of a co-continuous structure of a hydrogel phase and a solvent phase, in a space around the organic polymer fibers; anda removal step of removing the solvent phase and the organic polymer fibers individually or simultaneously from the gel, wherein,as a structure in which a cross section perpendicular to a longitudinal direction is contractible while extension in the longitudinal direction is restricted, ...

Pallet Stacking Board Construction

A pallet stacking board comprising a laminate structure is provided in which a non-woven polypropylene geotextile fabric material is used to create a suitably shaped bag in which a rigid or semi-rigid polyurethane material is injected, and allowed to react and cure. The upper and lower exterior surfaces of the pallet stacking board are coated with a non-slip material which is preferably provided by a polyurethane coating material so as to provide a textured finish. The pallet stacking boards provide desirable non-slip properties while being readily manufactured using automated procedures. 1. A pallet stacking board comprising a laminated board structure of upper and lower cover material layers , a rigid or semi-rigid core layer comprising a foamed material , between said upper and lower cover material layers , and wherein said upper and lower cover material layers have a non-slip surface.2. A pallet stacking board as claimed in wherein said rigid or semi-rigid core layer is expanded polystyrene claim 1 , or a polyurethane material.3. A pallet stacking board as claimed in wherein said rigid or semi-rigid core layer is a semi-rigid claim 1 , or rigid claim 1 , polyurethane foam material.4. A pallet stacking board as claimed in wherein said polyurethane foam material has a density of between 3 and 5 lbs per cubic foot (pcf).5. A pallet stacking board as claimed in wherein said upper and lower cover material layers are geotextile fabric.6. A pallet stacking board as claimed in wherein said geotextile fabric is a non-woven polypropylene product.7. A pallet stacking board as claimed in wherein said geotextile fabric is a non-woven polypropylene product having a smooth surface on one side claim 6 , and a felt-like layer on the opposite side.8. A pallet stacking board as claimed in wherein said geotextile fabric has a weight of between 6 and 16 oz.9. A pallet stacking board as claimed in wherein said geotextile fabric has a weight of between 8 and 12 oz.10. A pallet ...

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING MOLDED ARTICLE OF EXPANDED POLYLOLEFIN-BASED RESIN BEADS, AND MOLDED ARTICLE OF EXPANDED POLYLOLEFIN -BASED RESIN BEADS

A process produces a polylolefin-based resin expanded beads molded article that is excellent in bending deflection characteristics, high in porosity, low in bulk density and light in weight, and has interconnected void spaces. The process comprises filling, in a mold cavity, multi-layered polylolefin-based resin expanded beads each of which has a cylindrical, polylolefin-based resin expanded core layer and a polylolefin-based resin outer layer covering the expanded core layer and which satisfy specific requirements, introducing steam in the mold cavity to heat the multi-layered expanded beads filled in the mold cavity to fuse bond and mold the multi-layered expanded beads in the mold cavity. 15.-. (canceled)6. A process for producing a polylolefin-based resin expanded beads molded article having interconnected void spaces , comprising:providing multi-layered polylolefin-based resin expanded beads each having a cylindrical, polylolefin-based resin expanded core layer and a polylolefin-based resin outer layer covering the expanded core layer,filling the multi-layered polylolefin-based resin expanded beads in a mold cavity, andthen introducing steam in the mold cavity to heat the multi-layered polylolefin-based resin expanded beads filled in the mold cavity, so that the multi-layered polylolefin-based resin expanded beads are fuse-bonded together and molded in the mold cavity,wherein said provided multi-layered polylolefin-based expanded beads satisfy the following requirements (a) to (d),(a) the multi-layered polylolefin-based resin expanded beads have an apparent density of 10 to 200 g/L, and(b) the multi-layered polylolefin-based resin expanded beads, when measured by heat flux differential scanning calorimetry in which 2 to 10 mg thereof are heated from 23° C. to 220° C. at a heating speed of 10° C./min, give a DSC curve having an endothermic peak “A” which is intrinsic to the polyolefin-based resin and one or more endothermic peaks “B” which are located on a ...

Impact absorbing foam

This invention relates to impact absorbing foams. These foams comprise a polymeric foam and ceramic particulates dispersing the foam. These foams have numerous uses, including, for example, as interior pads for football helmets, and the like, for reducing head injuries.

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A POLYMER SHEET FOR USE AS AN IMMOBILIZATION ELEMENT

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a polymer sheet for use as an immobilization element, wherein the sheet is at least partly made of a polymer material comprising a polymer from the group of polycaprolactone, a copolymer of polyethylene with at least one α-olefin having 3-10 C atoms, or a mixture of two or more of the aforementioned polymers, a photo-initiator, and a photo-cross-linker, wherein the polymer sheet has a thickness of 1.0 to 5 mm and wherein the polymer sheet is at least partially cured by exposing to UV radiation for the at least partially cross-linking of the polymer. 1. A method for manufacturing a polymer sheet for use as a non-invasive immobilization element for the immobilization of one or more body parts in a predetermined position , wherein a polymer sheet with a thickness of 1.0 to 5.0 mm , which is at least partially made of a polymer material comprising a polymer from the group of polycaprolactone , a copolymer of polyethylene with at least one a-olefin having 3-10 C atoms , or a mixture of two or more of the aforementioned polymers , and a photo-initiator , is at least partly cured by exposure to UV-radiation for the at least partial cross-linking of the polymer.2. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer sheet contains at least a first and a second zone claim 1 , wherein the first and second zone have a different degree of cross-linking.3. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer material further comprises a photo-cross-linker.4. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the sheet claim 1 , prior to exposure to UV radiation claim 1 , is cut into a desired shape.5. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the sheet claim 1 , prior to exposure to UV radiation claim 1 , is at least partially perforated.6. Method according to claim 5 , wherein the polymer sheet has an edge claim 5 , and wherein the edge claim 5 , prior to the exposure to UV radiation claim 5 , is not perforated.7. Method according to claim 1 ...

IMPLANTABLE DEVICES

Implantable devices for orthopedic, including spine and other uses are formed of porous reinforced polymer scaffolds. Scaffolds include a thermoplastic polymer forming a porous matrix that has continuously interconnected pores. The porosity and the size of the pores within the scaffold are selectively formed during synthesis of the composite material, and the composite material includes a plurality of reinforcement particles integrally formed within and embedded in the matrix and exposed on the pore surfaces. The reinforcement particles provide one or more of reinforcement, bioactivity, or bioresorption. 1. An implantable device comprising: (a) a central region, and', '(b) an outer region,', 'at least one of the two regions comprising a porous reinforced composite scaffold material that comprises a thermoplastic polymer matrix, and a plurality of reinforcement particles distributed throughout the thermoplastic polymer matrix, and a substantially continuously interconnected plurality of pores that are distributed throughout the thermoplastic polymer matrix, each of the plurality of pores defined by voids interconnected by struts,', (i) a porous reinforced composite scaffold material that comprises a thermoplastic polymer matrix, and a plurality of reinforcement particles distributed throughout the thermoplastic polymer matrix, and a substantially continuously interconnected plurality of pores that are distributed throughout the thermoplastic polymer matrix, each of the plurality of pores defined by voids interconnected by struts, and', '(ii) a non-porous reinforced composite material that comprises a thermoplastic polymer matrix, and a plurality of reinforcement particles, 'and the other of the at least two regions comprising one of'}, 'distributed throughout the thermoplastic polymer matrix, 'at least two regions comprising,'}wherein the porosity of the central region is different from the porosity of the outer region.2. An implantable device according to claim 1 , ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING AN AEROGEL MATERIAL

The invention relates to a method for producing an aerogel material with a porosity of at least 0.55 and an average pore size of 10 nm to 500 nm, having the following steps: a) preparing and optionally activating a sol; b) filling the sol into a casting mold (); c) gelling the sol, whereby a gel is produced, and subsequently aging the gel; at least one of the following steps d) and e), d) substituting the pore liquid with a solvent; e) chemically modifying the aged and optionally solvent-substituted gel () using a reaction agent; followed by f) drying the gel, whereby the aerogel material is formed. The casting mold used in step b) is provided with a plurality of channel-forming elements () which are designed such that the sol filled into the casting mold lies overall at a maximum distance X from a channel-forming element over a specified minimum length L defined in the channel direction of the elements, with the proviso that X<15 mm and L/X>3. 1. A process for the production of an aerogel material with a porosity of at least 0.55 and an average pore size of 10 nm to 500 nm , comprising the following steps:a) preparing and optionally activating a sol;b) filling the sol into a casting mold;c) gelling the sol, whereby a gel is produced, and subsequently aging the gel; at least one of the following steps d) and e)d) exchanging the pore liquid with a solvente) chemically modifying the aged and optionally solvent-exchanged gel using a reacting agent; followed byf) drying the gel, whereby the aerogel material is formed; characterized in that the casting mold used in step b) is provided with a plurality of channel-forming elements, which are configured such that, along a specified minimum length L defined in the channel direction of the elements, every location of the sol filled into the casting mold has a maximum distance X from a channel-forming element fulfilling the provision that X≦15 mm and L/X>3.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the channel-forming ...

IMPROVING THE CHEMICAL STABILITY OF MEMBRANES

Polymer membranes, especially as used for water filtration processes, are effectively stabilized against detrimental effects of acids, bases and/or oxidizing agents commonly used for chemically enhanced backwash by incorporation of an oligo- or polyurethane of the formula (I) wherein k and n independently are numbers from 1 to 100, m is from the range 0-100, (X) is a block of formula (II) and (Y) is a block of the formula (III), (A) is a residue of an aliphatic or aromatic diisocyanate linker, (B) is a residue of a linear oligo- or polysiloxane containing alkanol end groups, and optionally further containing one or more aliphatic ether moieties, and (C) is an aromatic oligo- or polysulfone block; or a mixture of such oligo- or polyurethanes. 2. A process for stabilizing a polymer membrane claim 1 , the process comprising contacting the polymer membrane with the oligo- or polyurethane of claim 1 , wherein the polymer membrane is a water filtration membrane claim 1 , and comprises the oligo- or polyurethane of the formula I as an additive.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the stabilization of the polymer membrane occurs in the presence of against an aqueous solution of at least one oxidizing agent selected from the group consisting of HO claim 2 , ozone claim 2 , a peracid claim 2 , ClO claim 2 , KMnO claim 2 , Cl claim 2 , chlorate claim 2 , perchlorate claim 2 , and hypochlorite.4. The process of claim 2 , wherein the stabilization of a water filtration membrane occurs to prevent degradation of the polymer membrane during a chemical backwash or a cleaning processes.5. The process of claim 2 , wherein the polymer membrane comprises at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of a polyvinyl pyrrolidone claim 2 , a vinyl acetate claim 2 , a cellulose acetate claim 2 , a polyacrylonitrile claim 2 , a polyamide claim 2 , a polyolefin claim 2 , a polyester claim 2 , a polysulfone claim 2 , a polyethersulfone claim 2 , a polycarbonate claim 2 , a polyether ...

LOW DIELECTRIC CONSTANT POROUS EPOXY-BASED DIELECTRIC

Disclosed herein are compositions comprising an epoxy-functionalized sacrificial polymer, wherein the sacrificial polymer decomposes into one or more gaseous decomposition products at a temperature of 180° C. or less for a period of time of 24 hrs or less. Also disclosed are compositions comprising a copolymer derived from an epoxy resin; an epoxy-functionalized sacrificial polymer; and optionally a crosslinker. The epoxy-functionalized sacrificial polymer can be derived from a polycarbonate. Methods of preparing the copolymers described herein are also disclosed. Porous films derived from the copolymers described herein, wherein a majority of the sacrificial polymer in the composition has been degraded to form pores in the porous film are also disclosed. 1. A composition comprising a copolymer derived from:a) an epoxy resin;b) an epoxy-functionalized sacrificial polymer; andc) optionally a crosslinker.2. A composition comprising a copolymer derived from:a) an epoxy resin;b) a polycarbonate sacrificial polymer; andc) optionally a crosslinker.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the sacrificial polymer is derived from a polycarbonate claim 1 , a polyaldehyde claim 1 , a polysulfone claim 1 , a polynobornene claim 1 , a polycarbamate claim 1 , or a combination thereof.5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the sacrificial polymer has a molecular weight of from 1 claim 1 ,000 Da to 10 claim 1 ,000 Da.8. (canceled)9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the sacrificial polymer is present in an amount of from 5% to 35% claim 1 , based on the total weight of the polymers in the composition.10. (canceled)11. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the optional crosslinker is present and comprises an amine claim 1 , mercaptan claim 1 , or an anhydride functional group.12. (canceled)13. (canceled)15. (canceled)16. (canceled)18. A method of preparing a copolymer according to comprising:(i) blending an expoxidized sacrificial polymer with an epoxy ...

IMPLANT WITH CONTROLLED POROSITY MADE FROM A HYBRID MATERIAL DOPED WITH OSTEOINDUCTIVE NUTRIENT

The invention concerns an implant material for filling bone defects, bone regeneration and bone tissue engineering, an implant comprising this material, a method for manufacturing such an implant material. 1. An implant material for filling bone defects , bone regeneration and bone tissue engineering ,characterized in that [{'sub': 2', '2', '5, 'a bioactive glass M made from SiOand CaO, optionally containing POand/or optionally doped with strontium, and'}, the bioresorbable polysaccharides, preferably selected from dextran, hyaluronic acid, agar, chitosan, alginic acid, sodium or potassium alginate, galactomannan, carrageenan, pectin,', 'the bioresorbable polyesters, preferably polyvinyl alcohol or polylactic acid, and', 'the biodegradable synthetic polymers, preferably a polyethylene glycol, poly(caprolactone), 'a biodegradable polymer P is selected from], 'it comprises a hybrid material comprisingand in that this hybrid material is doped with an osteoinductive nutrient N selected from vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol), vitamin D3 (cholicalciferol), vitamin K1, vitamin K2, omega-3 fatty acids, punicic acid, α-lipoic acid, anthocyanins, flavonols, procyanidins, tyrosol, oleuropein, naringenin, punicalagin, ellagic acid and phycocyanin.2. The implant material for filling in bone defects claim 1 , bone regeneration and bone tissue engineering according to claim 1 , characterized in that the hybrid material doped with an osteoinductive nutrient comprises 30% by weight of bioactive glass M made from SiOand CaO claim 1 , relative to the total weight (bioactive glass M+biodegradable polymer P+osteoinductive nutrient N) claim 1 , 69% by weight of poly(caprolactone) claim 1 , relative to the total weight (bioactive glass M+biodegradable polymer P+osteoinductive nutrient N) claim 1 , and 1% by weight of fisetin and/or hydroxytyrosol claim 1 , relative to the total weight (bioactive glass M+biodegradable polymer P+osteoinductive nutrient N).3. The implant material for filling in ...

HEAT-INSULATING WALL, AND HEAT-INSULATING HOUSING AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME

A heat-insulating housing () includes: a wall body; and an open-cell resin body () of thermosetting resin with which a heat-insulating space formed by the wall body is filled by integral foaming, the open-cell resin body including: a plurality of cells (); a cell film portion (); a cell skeleton portion (); a first through-hole () formed so as to extend through the cell film portion; and a second through-hole () formed so as to extend through the cell skeleton portion, wherein the plurality of cells communicate with one another through the first through-hole and the second through-hole. 111-. (canceled)12. A vacuum heat-insulating material comprising:an open-cell resin body filled in a heat-insulating space of the vacuum heat-insulating material and formed of a thermosetting resin; andpowder dispersed in the open-cell resin body and incompatible with the open-cell resin body, wherein:the open-cell resin body includes a plurality of cells;at least some of the plurality of cells communicate with each other through a first through-hole formed by distortion at a molecular level generated when the open-cell resin body foams; andat least some of the plurality of cells communicate with each other through a second through-hole formed by the powder.13. The vacuum heat-insulating material according to claim 12 , wherein the open-cell resin body is an open-cell urethane foam.14. The vacuum heat-insulating material according to claim 13 , wherein a SP value of the powder is 9.5 or less.15. The vacuum heat-insulating material according to claim 12 , wherein the open-cell resin body is an open-cell phenol foam.16. The vacuum heat-insulating material according to claim 12 , wherein the powder is polyethylene or nylon.17. The vacuum heat-insulating material according to claim 12 , wherein the size of the powder is smaller than the size of the cell.18. The vacuum heat-insulating material according to claim 12 , wherein the cells are fine cells of less than 1000 μm.19. The vacuum ...

Porous composite biomaterials and related methods

Synthetic composite materials for use, for example, as orthopedic implants are described herein. In one example, a composite material for use as a scaffold includes a thermoplastic polymer forming a porous matrix that has continuous porosity and a plurality of pores. The porosity and the size of the pores are selectively formed during synthesis of the composite material. The example composite material also includes a plurality of a anisometric calcium phosphate particles integrally formed, embedded in, or exposed on a surface of the porous matrix. The calcium phosphate particles provide one or more of reinforcement, bioactivity, or bioresorption.

METHOD FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A PLASTIC COMPONENT, PLASTIC COMPONENT, AND SHOE

Described are methods for the manufacture of a plastic component, in particular a cushioning element for sports apparel, a plastic component manufactured with such a method, for example a sole or a part of a sole for a shoe, and a shoe with such a sole. According to an aspect of the invention, a method for the manufacture of a plastic component, in particular a cushioning element for sports apparel, is provided which includes loading a mold with a first material which includes particles of an expanded material, and, during loading the mold, pre-heating the particles by supplying energy, wherein the energy is supplied in the form of at least one electromagnetic field. 1loading a mold with a first material, which comprises particles of an expanded material; andwhile loading the mold, pre-heating the particles by supplying energy,wherein the energy is supplied in a form of at least one electromagnetic field.. A method for manufacturing a plastic component, in particular a cushioning element for sports apparel, comprising: This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/829,230, filed Dec. 1, 2017, entitled METHOD FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A PLASTIC COMPONENT, PLASTIC COMPONENT, AND SHOE (“the '230 application”, which is related to and claims priority benefits from German Patent Application No. DE 10 2016 223 980.5, filed on Dec. 1, 2016, entitled METHOD FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A PLASTIC COMPONENT, PLASTIC COMPONENT, AND SHOE (“the '980.5 application”). The '230, and '980.5 applications are hereby incorporated herein in their entirety by this reference.The present invention relates to a method for the manufacture of a plastic component, in particular a cushioning element for sports apparel, a plastic component manufactured with such a method, for example a sole or part of a sole for a shoe, as well as a shoe with such a sole.Nowadays, plastic components play an essential role in many areas of technology and everyday life. As examples, the aviation ...

IMPACT ABSORBING FOAM

This invention relates to impact absorbing foams. These foams comprise a polymeric foam and ceramic particulates dispersing the foam. These foams have numerous uses, including, for example, as interior pads for football helmets, and the like, for reducing head injuries. 1. An impact absorbing foam comprising:a polymeric foam; andceramic particulates dispersed in the polymeric foam;wherein the ceramic particulates have an average diameter in the range from about 1 to about 400 microns and a crushing strength in the range from about 100 to about 2,000,000 psi.2. The foam of wherein the average distance between the ceramic particulates in the polymeric foam is in the range from about 100 to about 2000 microns.3. The foam of wherein the foam is capable of absorbing on impact at least about 20% of the energy resulting from such impact.4. The foam of wherein the foam has a Young's modulus in the range from about 0.3 to about 75 GPa.5. The foam wherein the foam has a tensile strength in the range from about 0.001 to about 100 MN/m.6. The foam of wherein the polymeric foam comprises a continuous polymeric phase and a discontinuous phase comprising gas bubbles and/or void spaces dispersed in the polymeric phase.7. The foam of wherein the polymeric phase comprises a polymer claim 6 , the polymer comprising polyurethane claim 6 , polystyrene claim 6 , polyvinyl chloride claim 6 , polybutadiene claim 6 , halogenated butyl rubber claim 6 , styrene-butadiene rubber claim 6 , polyacrylic rubber claim 6 , butyl rubber claim 6 , ethylene-propylene rubber claim 6 , neoprene rubber claim 6 , hypalon rubber claim 6 , polysulfide elastomer claim 6 , polysilicone claim 6 , fluorocarbon rubber claim 6 , polyhexafluoropropylene claim 6 , polytetrafluoroethylene claim 6 , polypropylene claim 6 , polychlorotrifluoroethylene claim 6 , polymethylvinyl ether claim 6 , or a mixture of two or more thereof.8. The foam of wherein the gas bubbles and/or void spaces are derived from one or more ...

Method for Molding Recycled EPS Using Powder Adhesive and Steam

A method is provided of molding recycled EPS and other suitable expanded bead materials using a powder adhesive and steam. The method allows for molding EPS parts with over 5% and up to 100% recycled content. The method involves using an adhesive to fuse the regrind EPS particles under pressure from steam. The adhesive may be in powder form and preferably comprises small particles having a high surface area per unit weight and high static so the adhesive powder sticks to the surface of the regrind EPS particles during a dry blending step. 1. A method of making a molded article comprising the steps of:{'b': '100', 'Step : mixing about 95 wt % to about 99.9 wt % expanded bead foam regrind particles with about 0.1 wt % to about 10 wt % of a high static powder adhesive in a dry blend rotating mixer to obtain adhesive coated expanded bead foam regrind particles;'}{'b': '102', 'Step : transferring the adhesive-coated expanded bead foam regrind particles to a mold;'}{'b': '104', 'Step : bonding together the adhesive-coated regrind particles under pressure by introducing a small quantity of pressurized steam into the mold to raise the temperature above the melting point of the powder adhesive but below the melting point of the expanded foam regrind particles to create bonded regrind particles; and'}{'b': '106', 'Step : cooling the bonded regrind particles in the mold for about two minutes, thereby producing a molded article having a recycled expanded bead foam content of over 5% and up to 100%.'}2. The method of wherein:the expanded bead foam regrind particles are made of expanded polystyrene or expanded polyethylene.3. The method of wherein:the expanded bead foam regrind particles are made of expanded polystyrene.4. The method of wherein:{'b': '104', 'the temperature in step is about 60 C or higher.'}5. The method of wherein:{'b': '104', 'the temperature in step is about 70 C or higher.'}6. The method of wherein:{'b': '100', 'the concentration of adhesive in step is less ...

METHODS OF MANUFACTURING ARTICLES UTILIZING FOAM PARTICLES

Methods for manufacturing articles of footwear are provided. In various aspects, the methods comprise utilizing additive manufacturing methods with foam particles. In some aspects, the disclosed methods comprise selectively depositing a binding material on foam particles in a target area such that the binding material coats at least a portion of defining surfaces of the foam particles with the binding material. The binding material is then cured to affix foam particles in the target area to one another. In various aspects, the disclosed methods can be used to manufacturer articles with sub-regions that differential levels of affixing between the foam particles, and thereby resulting in sub-regions with different properties such as density, resilience, and/or flexural modulus. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure. 1. An article made by a method according to the method comprising:arranging a plurality of foam particles, wherein the arranged plurality of foam particles comprises a thermoplastic elastomer material, and wherein the arranged plurality of foam particles has a number average particle size of about 0.3 millimeters to about 10 millimeters in a longest dimension;depositing a binding material in a binding material target area, wherein the binding material target area comprises a portion of the arranged plurality of foam beads, and wherein the depositing coats at least a portion of defining surfaces of the portion of the arranged plurality of foam particles with the binding material, and wherein the binding material comprises a thermal energy absorber, which is an infrared energy absorber; andcuring deposited binding material coating at least a portion of the defining surfaces of the portion of the arranged plurality of foam particles within the binding material target area, wherein curing comprises affixing a portion of the arranged plurality of ...

USE OF EXPANDED AND HYDROPHOBIC POPCORN TO PRODUCE THREE-DIMENSIONAL SHAPED PARTS

The invention relates to shaped parts produced from popcorn which has previously been hydrophobised with a polymer. This allows very light and flexible shaped parts to be produced. 1. A molded article containing popcorn , which is essentially surrounded by polymer , and optionally further binder , wherein the summed proportion of polymer and binder is ≤20% (w/w) based on the molded article.2. The molded article according to claim 1 , which contains binder.3. The molded article according to or claim 1 , wherein the summed proportion of polymer and binder is ≤15% (w/w) based on the molded article.4. The molded article according to any one of to claim 1 , wherein the popcorn has a particle size distribution in which the fat content of the popcorn before processing is ≤10 (wt) %.5. The molded article according to any one of to claim 1 , wherein the proportion of polymer in the molded article (in wt % based on the weight of the molded article) is ≤5%.6. The molded article according to any one of to claim 1 , wherein the proportion of binder in the molded article (in % by weight based on the weight of the molded article) is ≤10%.7. The molded article according to any one of to claim 1 , wherein the polymer is a hydrophobic polymer.8. The molded article according to any one of to claim 1 , wherein the polymer is selected from the group comprising polypropylene claim 1 , polyethylene claim 1 , polyvinyl chloride claim 1 , polystyrene claim 1 , polyacrylate claim 1 , condensed aminoplast resins claim 1 , polylactic acids (PLA) claim 1 , polyhydroxy acids claim 1 , cellulose derivatives or mixtures thereof.9. The molded article according to any one of to claim 1 , wherein the binder is selected from urea-formaldehyde resin claim 1 , melamine-formaldehyde resin claim 1 , melamine-reinforced urea-formaldehyde resin claim 1 , tannin-formaldehyde resin claim 1 , phenol-formaldehyde resin claim 1 , polymeric diphenyl-methane di-isocyanate claim 1 , or mixtures thereof.10. The ...

POROUS MATERIALS, METHODS OF MAKING AND USES

The present specification discloses porous materials, methods of forming such porous materials, materials and devices comprising such porous materials, and methods of making such materials and devices. 1. A method for forming an elastic , porous structure suitable for implantation in a mammal , the method comprising the steps of:a) coating porogens with a matrix material base to form a matrix material-coated porogen mixture;b) filtering the matrix material-coated porogen mixture through a sieve to remove excess matrix material;c) pouring the filtered mixture into a mold;d) treating the filtered mixture to form a scaffold comprising fused porogens and cured matrix material, wherein the scaffold comprises a three-dimensional structure in the form of the mold; ande) removing the fused porogens from the scaffold, wherein fused porogen removal results in a porous material comprising the cured matrix material defining an array of interconnected pores.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein in the scaffold comprises a three-dimensional structure wherein the diameter of substantially all the connections between each fused porogen in between about 15% to about 80% of the mean porogen diameter.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cured matrix material exhibits an elastic elongation of at least 80%.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the matrix material is a silicone elastomer.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the matrix material is a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA).6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the porogens are porogens having a diameter of 50 μm to about 3000 μm.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the porogens are porogens having a diameter of about 500 μm.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the porogens are porogens having a diameter of about 650 μm.9. A method for forming a tissue engineering scaffold suitable for implantation in a mammal claim 1 , the method comprising the steps of:a) coating porogens with a matrix material base to form a matrix material-coated ...

STRUCTURE AND METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAME

[Object] To provide a structure of a novel shape and a method of producing it. 1. A structure comprising:a wall portion;a first opening region having a first aperture area, formed by being surrounded by the wall portion; anda plurality of second opening regions provided so as to be aligned in a regular manner in the wall portion, the second opening regions each having a second aperture area smaller than the first aperture area.2. The structure according to claim 1 , further comprising:a plurality of third opening regions forming the second opening regions and being provided so as to be aligned in a regular manner around one second opening region of the plurality of second opening regions at the wall portion, the third opening regions each having a third aperture area smaller than the second aperture area.3. The structure according to claim 1 , whereinthe first opening region and the plurality of second opening regions are each opened in the same direction.4. The structure according to claim 2 , whereinthe first opening region, the plurality of second opening regions, and the plurality of third opening regions are each opened in the same direction.5. The structure according to claim 1 , which has a self-similar shape.6. The structure according to claim 1 , whereinat least the first opening region is in an arrangement and shape of honeycomb-like structure.7. A method of producing a structure claim 1 , comprising:feeding a material which is curable by the energy of the energy beam, to a feed region;irradiating with the energy beam a selected region among all areas of the material being fed to the feed region; and a wall portion,', 'a first opening region having a first aperture area, formed by being surrounded by the wall portion, and', 'a plurality of second opening regions provided so as to be aligned in a regular manner in the wall portion, the second opening regions each having a second aperture area smaller than the first aperture area., 'forming, by the ...

METHOD OF MAKING A MICROPOROUS MATERIAL

A method for producing a microporous material comprising the steps of: providing an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE); providing a filler; providing a processing plasticizer; adding the filler to the UHMWPE in a mixture being in the range of from about 1:9 to about 15:1 filler to UHMWPE by weight; adding the processing plasticizer to the mixture; extruding the mixture to form a sheet from the mixture; calendering the sheet; extracting the processing plasticizer from the sheet to produce a matrix comprising UHMWPE and the filler distributed throughout the matrix; stretching the microporous material in at least one direction to a stretch ratio of at least about 1.5 to produce a stretched microporous matrix; and subsequently calendering the stretched microporous matrix to produce a microporous material which exhibits improved physical and dimensional stability properties over the stretched microporous matrix. 1. A method for producing a battery with a battery separator , the battery separator is a microporous material , comprising the steps of:making the battery separator bymixing ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), filler and processing plasticizer together to form a mixture, having a weight ratio of filler to UHMWPE of from 1:9 to 15:1 by weight; wherein the filler constitutes from about 5 percent to about 95 percent by weight of the microporous material;extruding said mixture to form a sheet;calendering said sheet;extracting all or part of said processing plasticizer from said sheet to produce a matrix comprising UHMWPE and said particulate filler, the filler being distributed throughout said matrix, to produce a microporous matrix sheet;stretching said microporous matrix sheet in at least one stretching direction to a stretch ratio of at least about 1.5 to produce a stretched microporous matrix sheet; andcalendering said stretched microporous matrix sheet, andplacing the battery separator in the battery.2. The method of wherein the ...

METHOD OF FREEZE-DRYING

A method of freeze-drying comprising rapidly freezing either liquid or supercritical carbon dioxide in and around a material having pores at a rate of at least 0.2° C./min to limit the size of crystals formed from the carbon dioxide so as to avoid the formation of gas bubbles and damage to the pores and exposure of the material to gas-liquid interfaces. During freezing a solid layer primarily of solid carbon dioxide is formed on and surrounding the material by transferring heat with a cryogenic liquid circulating about the material. This solid layer protects the material from gas-liquid interfaces and surface tension before decreasing pressure about the material by venting carbon dioxide. 1. A method of preserving a material in contact with a first fluid comprising the steps of;replacing the first fluid with a first non-gaseous fluid,cooling the first non-gaseous fluid to cause the first non-gaseous fluid to freeze to form a solid, andcharacterized by:forming a solid layer of the solid on and surrounding the material,then decreasing pressure about the material by expanding the first non-gaseous fluid to form a gas.2. The method of wherein the decreasing pressure is at a rate of at least 0.001 Mpa/min and less than or equal to 2.0 Mpa/min.3. The method of wherein the forming a solid layer of the solid on and surrounding the material comprises transferring heat with a liquid circulating about the material.4. The method of wherein the first fluid is non-gaseous.5. The method of wherein the replacing the first fluid with the first non-gaseous fluid comprises flushing the first fluid from the material with the first non-gaseous fluid.6. The method of comprising subliming the solid from the material.7. The method of including;preserving a material containing at least one pore,subjecting the material to an impregnating agent with the impregnating agent being non-gaseous at the temperature and pressure conditions at which the first non-gaseous fluid is sublimed and with the ...

SCAFFOLD AND METHOD OF FORMING SCAFFOLD BY ENTANGLING FIBRES

A porous scaffold is provided, which comprises tangled fibres. A porous scaffold can be formed by applying a fluid to fibres to entangle them. The fibres comprise a polyelectrolyte complex and a cross-linker. The cross-linker links polyelectrolytes within individual fibres and inhibits secondary polyelectrolyte complication between adjacent fibres. 1. A method of forming a porous scaffold , comprising the steps of:providing fibres comprising polyelectrolytes forming a polyelectrolyte complex, said fibres further comprising a cross-linker linking said polyelectrolytes within individual ones of said fibres for inhibiting secondary polyelectrolyte complexation between adjacent fibres; andapplying a fluid to said fibres to entangle said fibres to form a porous structure.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said cross-linker comprises silicon.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein said cross-linker links said polyelectrolytes through Si—O bonds.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein said cross-linker comprises silica.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said cross-linker is selected from acrylates claim 1 , succinimides claim 1 , carbodiimides claim 1 , and quinones.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said polyelectrolytes are selected from alginate claim 1 , chitosan claim 1 , chitin claim 1 , heparin claim 1 , chondroitin sulfate claim 1 , hyaluronic acid claim 1 , DNA claim 1 , RNA claim 1 , poly(ornithic acid) claim 1 , polyacrylic acid claim 1 , poly(ethyleneimine) claim 1 , gellan claim 1 , carboxylated polymer claim 1 , aminated polymer claim 1 , chitosan derivative claim 1 , chitin derivative claim 1 , acrylate polymer claim 1 , nucleic acid claim 1 , histone protein claim 1 , acidic polysaccharide claim 1 , derivative of acidic polysaccharide claim 1 , poly(amino acid) claim 1 , poly(lysine) claim 1 , and poly(glutamic acid).7. The method of claim 6 , wherein said polyelectrolyte complex is selected from alginate-chitosan claim 6 , heparin-chitosan claim 6 , chondroitin ...

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A BODY MADE OF A POROUS MATERIAL

A method for manufacturing a body made of a porous material derived from precursors of the porous material in a sol-gel process, including (i) providing a mold, containing a lower part defining an interior volume for receiving the precursors of the porous material, wherein the lower part comprises a first opening, and surfaces of the lower part facing the interior volume are at least partially provided with a coating made of a material being electrically dissipative and non-sticky to the precursors of the porous material and/or the body, (ii) filling precursors of the porous material into the lower part in a first inert or ventilated region, wherein the precursors include two reactive components and a solvent, (iii) removing the body from the lower part through the first opening after a predetermined time, (iv) disposing the body onto a support, and (v) removing the solvent from the body. 1. A method for manufacturing a body made of a porous material derived from precursors of the porous material in a sol-gel process , the method comprising:(i) providing a mold, wherein the mold comprisesa lower part defining an interior volume for receiving the precursors of the porous material, wherein the interior volume defines a shape of the body, and at least a first opening through which the body is removed from the lower part,wherein surfaces of the lower part facing the interior volume are at least partially provided with a coating made of a material being electrically dissipative and non-sticky to the precursors of the porous material and/or the body,(ii) filling precursors of the porous material into the lower part in a first inert or ventilated region, wherein the precursors comprise two reactive components and a solvent,(iii) removing the body from the lower part through the first opening after a predetermined time in which the body is formed from the precursors of the porous material,(iv) disposing the body onto a support, and(v) removing the solvent from the body.2. ...

Composite material, manufacturing process therefor and uses thereof

A process for producing a composite material comprising the steps of: providing mm-sized particles comprising at least particles of a porous optionally at least partially compressed open-cell melamine formaldehyde resin and mm-sized particles of at least one non-rigid foamed resin; mixing said particles with at least one reactive adhesive in a concentration of 6 to 18 g of reactive adhesive per 100 g of mm-sized particles; reacting said reactive adhesive with said particles in the presence of aerial moisture thereby bonding said particles together during said mixing process; transporting said mixture into a mould; and irreversibly compressing said mixture to a block in a mould without additional heat to a density greater than 50 kg/m 3 to form a block of said composite material; a composite material obtainable by this process; and the use of this composite material for polishing and/or cleaning applications with a liquid.

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING IMITATION WOOD

The present invention provides a method for manufacturing an imitation wood and is featured by adjusting the temperature of a discharge outlet before or during conveyance of thermoplastic elastomers in a helical section of a screw extruder to be lower than the temperature of a tail end of the helical section, such that the viscosity of the thermoplastic elastomers in the discharge outlet increases and the flow velocity reduces at the outlet during the discharge process at the discharge outlet. Thus, the thermoplastic elastomers flow in a direction opposite to the discharge direction and rub, resulting in marks of back-flow and rubbing. During the process of back-flow and rubbing, the plastics will be pulled and break along the rubber elastomers and become filament-like, thereby generating filaments similar to wood. Then, the foaming blank material is squeezed out of the discharge outlet and is forced into a molding machine to proceed with planarity trimming, and the output material is cooled with a preset cold-bath tank of the molding machine, providing adjustment of different densities of imitation wood, such that the imitation wood produced by the present invention has high simulation of wood. 1. A method for manufacturing imitation wood , characterized by including at least the following steps of:(1) providing a screw extruder including a feeding hopper and an extrusion head respectively at two ends thereof, with the extrusion head connected to a discharge outlet, and with a helical section located between the feeding hopper and the extrusion head;(2) feeding thermoplastic elastomers into the helical section through the feeding hopper, and conveying the thermoplastic elastomers in the helical section;(3) adjusting the temperature of the discharge outlet before or during conveyance to be lower than the temperature of a tail end of the helical section, wherein the viscosity of the thermoplastic elastomers increases and the flow velocity reduces at the outlet during ...

METHOD OF PRODUCING MICROPOROUS PLASTIC FILM

A method of producing a microporous plastic film including kneading a diluent and a polyolefin resin with an extruder; discharging the polyolefin resin kneaded with the diluent from a die lip in a sheet shape; cooling and solidifying the sheet discharged from the die lip on a drum; reheating and drawing the solidified sheet with a plurality of rollers in a sheet conveying direction; cooling the sheet drawn in the sheet conveying direction; gripping both ends of the sheet with clips; introducing the sheet into a tenter; washing the diluent out to prepare a uniaxially or biaxially oriented microporous plastic film; and pressing the sheet interposing between a nip roller having a surface coated with a rubber and a driving roller driven by a motor upstream from a roller at the most downstream side among the rollers. 16.-. (canceled)7. A method of producing a microporous plastic film comprising:kneading a diluent and a polyolefin resin with an extruder;discharging the polyolefin resin kneaded with the diluent from a die lip in a sheet shape;cooling and solidifying the sheet discharged from the die lip on a drum;reheating and drawing the solidified sheet with a plurality of rollers in a sheet conveying direction;cooling the sheet drawn in the sheet conveying direction;gripping both ends of the sheet with clips;introducing the sheet into a tenter;washing the diluent out to prepare a uniaxially or biaxially oriented microporous plastic film; and {'br': None, 'i': N>T', 'P, '/(μ·), where'}, 'pressing the sheet interposing between a nip roller having a surface coated with a rubber and a driving roller driven by a motor upstream from a roller at the most downstream side among the rollers, wherein number N of pairs of the driving roller and the nip roller satisfies formulaT [N]: drawing tension required for drawing sheet in sheet conveying direction,μ: coefficient of friction between driving roller sheet, andP [N]: nip pressure between driving roller and nip roller.8. A method ...

MULTIPOROUS HOLLOW-FIBER MEMBRANE AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING MULTIPOROUS HOLLOW-FIBER MEMBRANE

The present invention relates to a multiporous hollow-fiber membrane containing a thermoplastic resin, in which an aspect ratio of outer surface pores is 10 or more, an aspect ratio of inner surface pores is 1 to 5, and a thickness of a polymer backbone forming the outer surface pores is 1 μm to 20 μm. 1. A multiporous hollow-fiber membrane , comprising a thermoplastic resin , wherein an aspect ratio of outer surface pores is 10 or more , an aspect ratio of inner surface pores is 1 to 5 , and a thickness of a polymer backbone forming the outer surface pores is 1 μm to 20 μm.2. The multiporous hollow-fiber membrane according to claim 1 , wherein pure water permeability is 9000 L/m/hr or more and compression resistance strength is 0.8 MPa or more.3. A multiporous multilayered hollow-fiber membrane comprising one or more separation layers formed on an outer surface of the multiporous hollow-fiber membrane according to .4. A process for producing a multiporous hollow-fiber membrane claim 1 , comprising:a step of molding a hollow-fiber-shaped melt-kneaded product by allowing a melt-kneaded product containing a thermoplastic resin, an organic liquid, and an inorganic fine powder having an average primary particle size of 18 nm to 100 nm to pass through a filter having a pore size of 30 μm to 500 μm and then to discharge from a nozzle plate having a ring-shaped discharge port; anda step of producing a multiporous hollow-fiber membrane by cool solidifying the hollow-fiber-shaped melt-kneaded product and removing, by extraction, the organic liquid and the inorganic fine powder.5. The process for producing a multiporous hollow-fiber membrane according to claim 4 , wherein the inorganic fine powder is silica.6. A multiporous multilayered hollow-fiber membrane comprising one or more separation layers formed on an outer surface of the multiporous hollow-fiber membrane according to . The present invention relates to a multiporous hollow-fiber membrane and a process for producing ...

MATERIAL SYSTEMS AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURE FOR AUXETIC FOAMS

A novel material for producing auxetic foams is disclosed. The material comprises a multiphase, multicomponent polymer foam with a filler polymer having a carefully selected glass transition temperature. Novel methods for producing auxetic foams from the material are also disclosed that consistently, reliably and quickly produce auxetic polyurethane foam at about room temperature (25° C.). This technology overcomes challenging issues in the large-scale production of auxetic PU foams, such as unfavorable heat-transmission problem and harmful organic solvents. 1. (canceled)2. The method of claim 18 , wherein the filler polymer comprises styrene acrylonitrile copolymer.3. The method of claim 18 , wherein the compressed volume of the foam ranges from about 15 percent to about 85 percent of the initial volume.4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. The method of claim 18 , wherein the predetermined time ranges from about 1 minute to about 4 hours.7. (canceled)8. The method of claim 18 , wherein the predetermined time is less than about 10 minutes.9. The material system of claim 29 , wherein the compressed gas is primarily carbon dioxide or nitrogen.10. (canceled)11. The method of claim 18 , wherein the foam has a Poisson's ratio greater than zero prior to placement in the pressure chamber and a Poisson's ratio less than zero after removal from the pressure chamber.12. The method of claim 18 , wherein varying a concentration of the filler polymer in the foam causes variation of mechanical properties of the foam.13. The method of claim 18 , wherein the pressure chamber further comprises a mold claim 18 , and the flexible foam conforms to a shape of the mold after removal of the foam from the pressure chamber.14. (canceled)15. (canceled)16. (canceled)17. (canceled)18. A method for producing an auxetic foam claim 18 , comprising:providing a flexible foam having an initial volume, the foam comprising a plurality of cells, and further comprising a soft domain having a first glass ...

METHOD OF PRODUCING MICROPOROUS PLASTIC FILM

A method of producing a microporous plastic film includes kneading a diluent and a polyolefin resin with an extruder; discharging the polyolefin resin kneaded with the diluent from a die lip in a sheet shape; cooling and solidifying the sheet discharged from the die lip on one or plurality of cooling drums; reheating and drawing the solidified sheet with a plurality of rollers in a sheet conveying direction; cooling the sheet drawn in the sheet conveying direction; gripping both ends of the sheet with clips; introducing the sheet into a tenter; washing the diluent out to prepare a uniaxially or biaxially oriented microporous plastic film; and driving a nip roller with a motor, the nip roller pressing a sheet interposing between the nip roller and at least one of the rollers. 15-. (canceled)6. A method of producing a microporous plastic film comprising:kneading a diluent and a polyolefin resin with an extruder;discharging the polyolefin resin kneaded with the diluent from a die lip in a sheet shape;cooling and solidifying the sheet discharged from the die lip on one or plurality of cooling drums;reheating and drawing the solidified sheet with a plurality of rollers in a sheet conveying direction;cooling the sheet drawn in the sheet conveying direction;gripping both ends of the sheet with clips;introducing the sheet into a tenter;washing the diluent out to prepare a uniaxially or biaxially oriented microporous plastic film; anddriving a nip roller with a motor, the nip roller pressing a sheet interposing between the nip roller and at least one of the rollers.7. The method according to claim 6 , further comprising driving with a motor a nip roller pressing a sheet interposing between the nip roller and at least one of the rollers claim 6 , the rollers heating the sheet in a process upstream from the drawing with the rollers in the sheet conveying direction.8. A microporous plastic film produced by the method according to .9. A battery separator comprising the ...

STACKED MICROLATTICE MATERIALS AND FABRICATION PROCESSES

A system and method for forming microlattice structures of large thickness. In one embodiment, a photomonomer resin is secured in a mold having a transparent bottom, the interior surface of which is coated with a mold-release agent. A substrate is placed in contact with the top surface of the photomonomer resin. The photomonomer resin is illuminated from below by one or more sources of collimated light, through a photomask, causing polymer waveguides to form, extending up to the substrate, forming a microlattice structure connected with the substrate. After a layer of microlattice structure has formed, the substrate is raised using a translation-rotation system, additional photomonomer resin is added to the mold, and the photomonomer resin is again illuminated through the photomask, to form an additional layer of microlattice structure. The process is repeated multiple times to form a stacked microlattice structure. 1. A system for forming a microlattice structure , the system comprising:a reservoir configured to hold a volume of liquid photo-monomer, a bottom of the reservoir comprising a window, the window being at least partially transparent and being configured to seal the bottom of the reservoir;a chuck configured to hold a substrate;a translation-rotation system configured to support the chuck in a region above the reservoir; anda first source of collimated light, configured to project a first beam of collimated light along a first direction through the window and into the interior of the reservoir.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the window comprises a photomask.3. The system of claim 1 , comprising a photomask holder configured to secure a photomask to the bottom of the reservoir.4. The system of claim 3 , comprising a photomask secured to the bottom of the reservoir.5. The system of claim 4 , comprising:a second source of collimated light, configured to project a second beam of collimated light along a second direction through the photomask and into the ...

POROUS COMPOSITE BIOMATERIALS AND RELATED METHODS

A composite material for use, for example, as an orthopedic implant, that includes a porous reinforced composite scaffold that includes a polymer, reinforcement particles distributed throughout the polymer, and a substantially continuously interconnected plurality of pores that are distributed throughout the polymer, each of the pores in the plurality of pores defined by voids interconnected by struts, each pore void having a size within a range from about 10 to 500 μm. The porous reinforced composite scaffold has a scaffold volume that includes a material volume defined by the polymer and the reinforcement particles, and a pore volume defined by the plurality of pores. The reinforcement particles are both embedded within the polymer and exposed on the struts within the pore voids. The polymer may be a polyaryletherketone polymer and the reinforcement particles may be anisometric calcium phosphate particles. 1. A porous reinforced composite scaffold , comprising: a plurality of reinforcement particles; and', 'a substantially continuously interconnected plurality of pores that are distributed throughout the thermoplastic polymer matrix,, 'a thermoplastic polymer matrix comprising the thermoplastic polymer matrix and reinforcement particles define a material volume of the scaffold;', 'the plurality of pores define a pore volume of the scaffold;', 'each of the pores in the plurality of pores is defined by voids interconnected by struts; and', 'at least a portion of the plurality of reinforcement particles are exposed on the struts within the pore voids., 'wherein;'}2. The porous reinforced composite scaffold according to claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic polymer matrix comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyaryletherketone (PAEK) claim 1 , polyetheretherketone (PEEK) claim 1 , polyetherketonekteone (PEKK) claim 1 , polyetherketone (PEK) claim 1 , polyethylene claim 1 , high density polyethylene (HDPE) claim 1 , ultra-high molecular weight ...

MULTIFUNCTIONAL NANOPARTICLE DESIGNS AND APPLICATIONS

Methods, structures, devices and systems are disclosed for fabricating and implementing nanoparticles with hollow core and sealable holes. In one aspect, a nanoparticle device can includes a shell structure including at least two layers including an internal layer and an external layer, the internal layer structured to enclose a hollow interior region and include one or more holes penetrating the internal layer, the external layer is of a porous material and formed around the internal layer and sealing the one or more holes, and a substance contained within the hollow interior region, the substance incapable of passing through the external layer. 1. A method of fabricating a particle , comprising:combining a core particle with one or more masking particles to form a template, wherein the one or more masking particles bind to the core particle and cover one or more regions of the surface of the core particle, each of the one or more regions corresponding to a surface area formed between each of the one or more masking particles and the core particle;forming a layer of a porous material over the template, wherein the layer forms over the surface of the core particle excluding the covered one or more regions; andremoving the template to produce a particle formed of the porous material, the particle having one or more holes extending between an interior region that is hollow and an external surface of the particle, the one or more holes having a size on the external surface substantially that of the surface area and distributed on the particle at the one or more regions.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising functionalizing the surface of the core particle and an outer surface of the one or more masking particles claim 1 , wherein the functionalizing produces a positive charge on the surface of the core particle and a negative charge on the outer surface of the one or more masking particles.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the one or more masking particles bind ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR USE IN MANUFACTURING A FILTER ELEMENT

A method of manufacturing a porous fluid treatment element, e.g. a filter element, includes forming a layered structure having at least two layers and subjecting the layered structure to at least a heat treatment. The step of forming a layered structure includes forming a first layer including particulate matter including at least a binder and applying a second layer including particulate matter including at least a binder directly onto the first layer on a first side thereof. The step of forming a layered structure further includes applying at least one of radiation and heat to at least the first side of the first layer prior to applying the second layer. 1. A method of manufacturing a porous fluid treatment element , comprising the steps of:forming a layered structure having at least two layers, the step of forming a layered structure including:forming a first layer comprising particulate matter comprising at least a binder; andapplying a second layer comprising particulate matter comprising at least a binder directly onto the first layer on a first side thereof; andsubjecting the layered structure to at least a heat treatment, whereinthe step of forming the layered structure further includes applying at least one of radiation and heat to at least the first side of the first layer prior to applying the second layer.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the layered structure is essentially planar.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the steps of forming a first layer and applying a second layer include forming a layer of particulate matter in the form of a granular medium.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first layer is applied over a region of a support surface and the first layer remains on the support surface until after the layered structure has been subjected to at least the heat treatment.5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the support surface is a moving support surface.6. The method according to claim 1 ...

PIEZOELECTRICITY PVDF MATERIALS AND METHOD FOR MAKING THE SAME

This invention provides kilometer-long, endlessly parallel, spontaneously piezoelectric and thermally stable poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) ribbons using iterative size reduction technique based on thermal fiber drawing method. The PVDF ribbons are thermally stable and conserve the polar γ phase even after being exposed to heat treatment above the melting point of PVDF. A single PVDF ribbon has an average effective piezoelectric constant as −58.5 pm/V. PVDF ribbons in the invention are promising structures for constructing devices such as highly efficient energy generators, large area pressure sensors, artificial muscle and skin, due to the unique geometry and extended lengths, high polar phase content, high thermal stability and high piezoelectric coefficient. 1. A method for making piezoelectricity material with spontaneous high piezoelectricity , comprising steps of:preparing a first multi-material preform including a poly (ether sulfone) (PES) matrix and a PVDF slab contained in the PES matrix;drawing a plurality of first composite ribbons from the first multi-material preform at a first temperature above glass transition temperature of PES matrix and melting point of PVDF slab; andextracting a plurality of PVDF ribbons out of the composite ribbons by a solvent.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:preparing a second multi-material preform including the PES matrix and a bundle of first composite ribbons contained in the PES matrix; anddrawing a plurality of second composite ribbons from the second multi-material preform at a temperature above glass transition temperature of PES and melting point of PVDF.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:preparing a third multi-material preform including the PES matrix and a bundle of second composite ribbons contained in the PES matrix; anddrawing a plurality of third composite ribbon from the second multi-material preform at a temperature above glass transition temperature of PES and melting point of PVDF. ...

Pallet and manufacturing method thereof

In a pallet manufacturing method, variations of pallets, having different thicknesses of pallet bodies, heights of legs, or foaming ratios thereof, are manufactured at low cost and with high quality. The method includes a pallet body molding step for molding a plurality of the pallet bodies of a plurality of types having different thicknesses or expansion ratios of foaming; a leg molding step for molding, separately from the pallet body, a plurality of legs of a plurality of types having different heights or expansion ratios of foaming; and a vacuum forming step for forming a resin sheet for covering and integrating the pallet body and the legs from a bottom surface side of the pallet by vacuum integral forming after the pallet body and the legs are selected, respectively, from the plurality of types and assembled in a state that the legs are mounted on the pallet body.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING POROUS POLYMER FILM AND POROUS POLYMER FILM

Disclosed is a method for producing a porous polymer film. This method includes the steps of: (I) irradiating a polymer film with an ion beam of accelerated ions so as to form a polymer film that has collided with the ions in the beam; and (II) chemically etching the polymer film formed in the step (I) so as to form openings and/or through holes corresponding to tracks of the colliding ions left in the polymer film. In the step (I), the polymer film is placed in an atmosphere with a pressure of 100 Pa or more, and the polymer film placed in the atmosphere is irradiated with the ion beam that has passed through a beam line maintained at a lower pressure than the pressure of the atmosphere and through a pressure barrier sheet disposed at an end of the beam line to separate the beam line from the atmosphere. 1. A method for producing a porous polymer film , comprising the steps of:(I) irradiating a polymer film with an ion beam of accelerated ions so as to form a polymer film that has collided with the ions in the beam; and(II) chemically etching the formed polymer film so as to form openings and/or through holes corresponding to tracks of the colliding ions left in the polymer film, whereinin the step (I), the polymer film is placed in an atmosphere with a pressure of 100 Pa or more, andthe polymer film placed in the atmosphere is irradiated with the ion beam that has passed through a beam line maintained at a lower pressure than the pressure of the atmosphere and through a pressure barrier sheet disposed at an end of the beam line to separate the beam line from the atmosphere.2. The method for producing a porous polymer film according to claim 1 , wherein the pressure barrier sheet is a titanium sheet.3. The method for producing a porous polymer film according to claim 2 , wherein the titanium sheet has a thickness of 10 to 50 μm.4. The method for producing a porous polymer film according to claim 1 , wherein the pressure barrier sheet is an aluminum sheet having a ...

Elastomeric Roll for an Electrophotographic Image Forming Device having Compressible Hollow Microparticles

A roll for use in an electrophotographic image forming device according to one example embodiment includes an elastomeric core having hollow microparticles dispersed within the core. The hollow microparticles are compressive and resiliently recoverable after receiving an applied force. 1. A roll for use in an electrophotographic image forming device , comprising an elastomeric core having hollow microparticles dispersed within the core , the hollow microparticles being compressive and resiliently recoverable after receiving an applied force.2. The roll of claim 1 , wherein the roll is a developer roll configured to supply toner to a photoconductive member in the electrophotographic image forming device.3. The roll of claim 1 , wherein the elastomeric core is a conductive or semi-conductive soft rubber.4. The roll of claim 3 , wherein the soft rubber includes at least one of silicone rubber claim 3 , nitrile rubber claim 3 , an ethylene propylene copolymer claim 3 , polybutadiene claim 3 , styrene-co-butadiene claim 3 , isoprene rubber and polyurethane.5. The roll of claim 4 , wherein the soft rubber includes polyurethane having an isocyanate portion and a polyol portion claim 4 , the isocyanate portion includes at least one of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) claim 4 , polymeric TDI claim 4 , diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) claim 4 , polymeric MDI claim 4 , dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (HMDI) claim 4 , polymeric HMDI claim 4 , isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) claim 4 , polymeric IPDI claim 4 , 1 claim 4 ,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and polymeric HDI claim 4 , and the 6 polyol portion includes at least one of polyether claim 4 , polyester and polybutadiene.6. The roll of claim 3 , wherein the elastomeric core includes at least one of an ionic conductive additive claim 3 , an inherently conductive polymer claim 3 , carbon black claim 3 , carbon nanoparticles claim 3 , carbon fibers and graphite.7. The roll of claim 1 , wherein a median size of the hollow ...

Implantable medical device with varied composition and porosity, and method for forming same

A method for forming a thermoplastic body having regions with varied material composition and/or porosity. Powder blends comprising a thermoplastic polymer, a sacrificial porogen and an inorganic reinforcement or filler are molded to form complementary parts with closely toleranced mating surfaces. The parts are formed discretely, assembled and compression molded to provide a unitary article that is free from discernible boundaries between the assembled parts. Each part in the assembly has differences in composition and/or porosity, and the assembly has accurate physical features throughout the sections of the formed article, without distortion and nonuniformities caused by variable compaction and densification rates in methods that involve compression molding powder blends in a single step.

METHOD OF PRODUCING MICROPOROUS PLASTIC FILM

A method of producing a microporous plastic film includes kneading a diluent and a polyolefin resin with an extruder; discharging the polyolefin resin kneaded with the diluent from a die lip in a sheet shape; cooling and solidifying the sheet discharged from the die lip on a drum; reheating and drawing the solidified sheet with a plurality of rollers in a sheet conveying direction; cooling the sheet drawn in the sheet conveying direction; gripping both ends of the sheet with clips; introducing the sheet into a tenter; and washing the diluent out to prepare a uniaxially or biaxially oriented microporous plastic film, wherein the sheet is drawn in two or more sections having substantively the same draw ratio between the rollers. 15.-. (canceled)6. A method of producing a microporous plastic film comprising:kneading a diluent and a polyolefin resin with an extruder;discharging the polyolefin resin kneaded with the diluent from a die lip in a sheet shape;cooling and solidifying the sheet discharged from the die lip on a drum;reheating and drawing the solidified sheet with a plurality of rollers in a sheet conveying direction;cooling the sheet drawn in the sheet conveying direction;gripping both ends of the sheet with clips;introducing the sheet into a tenter; andwashing the diluent out to prepare a uniaxially or biaxially oriented microporous plastic film, whereinthe sheet is drawn in two or more sections having substantively the same draw ratio between the rollers.7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the sheet is wound by substantively the same angle on front and rear rollers between which the drawing is performed.8. A microporous plastic film produced by the method according to .9. A battery separator comprising the microporous plastic film according to .10. A battery comprising the battery separator according to .11. A microporous plastic film produced by the method according to . This disclosure relates to a method of producing a microporous plastic film. ...

AQUEOUS EMULSION RESIN FOR PRODUCING MEMORY FOAM AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING MEMORY FOAM PRODUCT

An aqueous emulsion resin for producing memory foam and a method for manufacturing memory foam products are revealed. The emulsion resin mainly includes 38˜58% hydrophilic polyurethane(PU) prepolymer, 8˜22% aqueous emulsion polymer and 8˜20% polyether polyol. The PU prepolymer includes 40˜70% polyether polyol and 30˜60% isocyanate while the molecular weight of polyether polyol is ranging from 60 to 1800. The polyether polyol contains at least 40 mol % amount of ether group and the amount of ether group is 18˜99.9%. The hydrophilic emulsion resin features on good vibration absorption, even pressure relief, moisture absorption, heat absorption, and low temperature resistance. While in contact with bodies, users feel cool and dry. Moreover, the resin will not become rigid at the temperature lower than 10° C. The comfort of the foam is improved and the applications of the foam are increased. 1. AN aqueous emulsion resin used as foaming materials for producing memory foam comprising:38˜58 weight percent of polyurethane(PU) prepolymer, 8˜22 weight percent of aqueous emulsion polymer, and 8˜20 weight percent of polyether polyol; wherein the polyether polyol includes a certain ratio of water, at least one surfactant, at least one amine catalyst; the PU prepolymer includes 40˜70 weight percent of polyether polyol and 30˜60 weight percent of isocyanate; the polyether polyol in the PU prepolymer having a molecular weight ranging from 60 to 1800 and at least 40 mol % of ether group (-EO-) while weight percent of the ether group is ranging from 18 to 99.9; the aqueous emulsion resin is passed through carbon dioxide produced by the isocyanate reacting with large amount of water and used as a foaming agent to be foamed and molded.2. The resin as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the polyether polyol further includes 0˜20% heat absorbing particles that are microencapsulated particles.3. The resin as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the microencapsulated particles are encapsulated by ...

Direct molded acoustic insulators

A method to form automobile vehicle acoustic insulators includes as stages: forming a fiber mass by mixing a low melting point polymeric fiber and a high melting point polymeric fiber in predefined volumes in a mixing device; adding a water volume to the fiber mass to create a semi-solid mass; placing the semi-solid mass in a mold; internally heating the semi-solid mass in the mold using microwave energy; and expelling a first portion of the water volume through apertures created in the mold.

POST POLYMERIZATION CURE SHAPE MEMORY POLYMERS

This invention relates to chemical polymer compositions, methods of synthesis, and fabrication methods for devices regarding polymers capable of displaying shape memory behavior (SMPs) and which can first be polymerized to a linear or branched polymeric structure, having thermoplastic properties, subsequently processed into a device through processes typical of polymer melts, solutions, and dispersions and then crossed linked to a shape memory thermoset polymer retaining the processed shape. 1. A polymer composition comprising a polymer having shape memory properties and having crosslinkable sites substantially regularly spaced along the polymer chain which, when crosslinked, forms a thermoset polymer having shape memory properties. The present application is a continuation of pending U.S. application Ser. No. 15/387,256, filed Dec. 21, 2016, which is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/892,719, filed May 13, 2013, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,540,481, issued Jan. 10, 2017, which is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/099,146, filed May 2, 2011, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,883,871, issued Nov. 11, 2014, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/332,039, filed May 6, 2010, entitled “ Shape Memory Polymers That Cure Post Polymerization”. The entire contents of each of the above applications is hereby incorporated by reference.The United States Government has rights in this invention pursuant to Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344 between the United States Department of Energy and Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC for the operation of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and supported by the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering Grant R01EB000462.This invention relates to chemical polymer compositions, methods of synthesis, and fabrication methods for devices regarding polymers capable of displaying shape memory behavior and which can first be polymerized to a linear or branched ...

POROUS DEVICES AND PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING SAME

A method for making a polymer with a porous layer from a solid piece of polymer is disclosed. In various embodiments, the method includes heating a surface of a solid piece of polymer to a processing temperature and holding the processing temperature while displacing a porogen layer through the surface of the polymer to create a matrix layer of the solid polymer body comprising the polymer and the porogen layer. In at least one embodiment, the method also includes removing at least a portion of the layer of porogen from the matrix layer to create a porous layer of the solid piece of polymer. 1. A method for determining tissue ingrowth into a medical device , the method comprising: a porous surface; and', 'at least one marker for detecting the medical device in a radiograph, wherein a top of the marker is a known distance relative to a top of the porous surface;, '(a) visualizing a medical device in a patient using an electromagnetic-imaging technique, wherein the medical device comprises(b) measuring a position of an edge of a tissue and a position of an edge of the at least one marker; and(c) comparing a distance between the edge of the tissue and the edge of the at least one marker, thereby determining the tissue ingrowth of the patient's tissue into the medical device.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the top of the marker is below the top of the porous surface.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the top of the marker is flush with the top of the porous surface.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising measuring a baseline level of tissue ingrowth immediately following or shortly after implantation of the medical and measuring tissue ingrowth at a later time.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one marker comprises a radiolucent material.6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising a radiopaque material.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one marker comprises a radiopaque metal.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the radiopaque metal is ...

High-Strength Separator

A separator for an electricity storage device has a cross-sectional crystal orientation of 0.85 or greater, and/or a method for producing the separator for an electricity storage device comprises a step of using a continuous mixer under conditions with a temperature of 20° C. to 70° C., a shear rate of 100 to 400,000 seconds −1 and a residence time of 1.0 seconds to 60 seconds, for mixing of polyethylene-containing polyolefin powder with a plasticizer to produce a mixed slurry, a step of extruding the mixed slurry and cooling it to solidification to process it into a cast sheet, and a step of biaxially stretching the cast sheet to an area increase factor of 20 to 200.

Sintered and Porous Articles Having Improved Flexural Strength

Polymer compositions containing polyethylene particles having a multi-modal molecular weight distribution are disclosed. The polymer compositions are well suited to producing porous substrates through a sintering process. Formulations made according to the present disclosure can produce porous substrates having improved flexibility demonstrated by an increased flexural strength while still retaining excellent pressure drop characteristics. 1. A polymer article comprising:a porous substrate comprising polyethylene particles sintered together, the polyethylene particles comprising polyethylene polymers having a multi-modal molecular weight distribution, at least 50% by weight of the polyethylene polymers having a molecular weight greater than about 3,500,000 g/mol and wherein less about 50% by weight of the polyethylene polymers having a molecular weight distribution of less than about 1,500,000 g/mol, the porous substrate having a mean pore size of from about 50 microns to about 300 microns when tested according to DIN Test 66133.2. A polymer article as defined in claim 1 , wherein the porous substrate has a flexural strength of greater than about 2 MPa.3. A polymer article as defined in claim 1 , wherein the porous substrate displays a pressure drop of less than about 10 mbar.4. A polymer article as defined in claim 1 , wherein at least 50% by weight of the polyethylene polymer has a molecular weight of greater than about 4 claim 1 ,000 claim 1 ,000 g/mol.5. A polymer article as defined in claim 1 , wherein from about 65% by weight to about 95% by weight of the polyethylene polymers have a molecular weight greater than about 4 claim 1 ,000 claim 1 ,000 g/mol.6. A polymer article as defined in claim 1 , wherein from about 75% by weight to about 85% by weight of the polyethylene polymers have a molecular weight greater than about 4 claim 1 ,000 claim 1 ,000 g/mol.7. A polymer article as defined in claim 1 , wherein less than about 50% by weight of the polyethylene ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR FORMING A NANOPORE IN A LIPID BILAYER

Techniques for forming a nanopore in a lipid bilayer are described herein. In one example, an agitation stimulus level such as an electrical agitation stimulus is applied to a lipid bilayer wherein the agitation stimulus level tends to facilitate the formation of nanopores in the lipid bilayer. In some embodiments, a change in an electrical property of the lipid bilayer resulting from the formation of the nanopore in the lipid bilayer is detected, and a nanopore has formed in the lipid bilayer is determined based on the detected change in the lipid bilayer electrical property. 1. A method of identifying a base of a nucleic acid molecule , comprising:recording a first electrical measurement indicative of the base of the molecule as a strand of the molecule moves through a nanopore under an applied electrical stimulus;recording a second electrical measurement indicative of the base of the molecule wherein the second electrical measurement is a repeat electrical measurement; andidentifying the base based on the first electrical measurement wherein the repeat measurement is used to increase confidence in the identification.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the repeat electrical measurement is made under substantially the same conditions as the first electrical measurement.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the repeat electrical measurement corresponds to a different conformation of the molecule.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the repeat electrical measurement corresponds to a is different orientation of the molecule.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the repeat electrical measurement corresponds to the same base of the molecule.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the base of the molecule is part of a single strand of DNA that complements a second base.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the base of the molecule is part of a single strand of DNA that is complements a second base.8. A system for identifying a base of a nucleic acid molecule claim 1 , comprising:a ...

Liquid Applicator and Device

The present application provides sintered porous elastomeric liquid applicators with or without flocking fibers that provide improved liquid and gel delivery properties and a comfortable experience for the user of the applicators when applying liquid to a surface, such as skin. 1. A liquid applicator comprising a sintered porous elastomeric material body comprising a first end and a second end , wherein the first end comprises a relatively flexible region and the second end comprises a relatively rigid region.2. The liquid applicator of claim 1 , wherein the sintered porous elastomeric material body has flocking fibers on the first end.3. The liquid applicator of claim 1 , wherein the relatively rigid end of the sintered porous elastomeric material body is hollow.4. The liquid applicator of claim 1 , wherein the relatively rigid end of the sintered porous elastomeric material body is for coupling to a housing.5. The liquid applicator of claim 1 , wherein the relatively flexible end of the sintered porous elastomeric material body is for contacting a surface.6. The liquid applicator of claim 1 , wherein the sintered porous elastomeric material body comprises an elastomer selected from the group consisting of hydrogenated styrenic block copolymers claim 1 , co-polyester based elastomers claim 1 , styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers claim 1 , copolymer of ethylene-octene claim 1 , thermoplastic polyurethane claim 1 , silicone based elastomers claim 1 , ethylene vinyl acetate based elastomers and polypropylene based elastomers.7. The liquid applicator of claim 1 , wherein the sintered porous elastomeric material body comprises an plastic selected from the group consisting of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) claim 1 , polypropylene (PP) claim 1 , and polyethylene (PE) for example high density polyethylene (HDPE) claim 1 , low density polyethylene (LDPE) or ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE).8. The liquid applicator of claim 1 , wherein the sintered ...

MICROPOROUS MATERIAL AND A METHOD OF MAKING SAME

A method for producing a microporous material comprising the steps of: providing an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE); providing a filler; providing a processing plasticizer; adding the filler to the UHMWPE in a mixture being in the range of from about 1:9 to about 15:1 filler to UHMWPE by weight; adding the processing plasticizer to the mixture; extruding the mixture to form a sheet from the mixture; calendering the sheet; extracting the processing plasticizer from the sheet to produce a matrix comprising UHMWPE and the filler distributed throughout the matrix; stretching the microporous material in at least one direction to a stretch ratio of at least about 1.5 to produce a stretched microporous matrix; and subsequently calendering the stretched microporous matrix to produce a microporous material which exhibits improved physical and dimensional stability properties over the stretched microporous matrix. 1. A method for producing a microporous material comprising the steps of:mixing ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), filler and processing plasticizer together to form a mixture, having a weight ratio of filler to UHMWPE of from 1:9 to 15:1 by weight;wherein the filler constitutes from about 5 percent to about 95 percent by weight of the microporous material;extruding said mixture to form a sheet;calendering said sheet;extracting all or part of said processing plasticizer from said sheet to produce a matrix comprising UHMWPE and said particulate filler, the filler being distributed throughout said matrix, to produce a microporous matrix sheet;stretching said microporous matrix sheet in at least one stretching direction to a stretch ratio of at least about 1.5 to produce a stretched microporous matrix sheet; andcalendering said stretched microporous matrix sheet.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the filler constitutes from about 45 percent to about 95 percent by weight of the microporous material.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ...

Reinforced composite structure

A reinforced composite structure that includes multiple regions of different geometric configurations connected together by a transition region. The reinforced composite structure includes reinforcement fibers on at least a portion of the transition region.

Three-dimensional heat-saving construction panel, device and method for preparing same

The invention relates to the field of construction, namely to building structures, methods and arrangements for their production and can be used as heat-saving three-dimensional panels for the rapid construction of load-bearing walls of buildings of various purposes and floors in them, external walls, partitions, roofs, meeting the requirements of the increased thermal resistance of building envelopes in the construction industry.The objective of the invention is creation of a wall heat-saving three-dimensional panels (options) of the increased thermal resistance that meet the requirements of the parameters of the “passive house”, development of a method for its manufacture, which reduces the material consumption, energy consumption and laboriousness, and development of the design of the block-form (options) for its manufacture.The problem is solved in such a way that a construction heat-insulating three-dimensional panel designed for load-bearing walls, is made in the form of a thermostructural structure of a heat-insulating core, reinforcing support elements in the form of trellised trusses with a cavity under the seismic belt, and a wire mesh, at forming of which recesses are made evenly and in mutual parallel on the front and rear surfaces, and protrusions are made on the upper and lower surfaces between the protruding surfaces of the support elements.The problem is solved in such a way that in a construction heat-insulating three-dimensional panel designed for floor slabs made in the form of a thermostructural structure of a heat-insulating core, reinforcing support elements made in the form of lattice trusses, and a wire mesh, at forming of which the front and rear surfaces are made smooth with protruding surfaces of the reinforcing supporting elements, and on the upper and lower surfaces protrusions are made located between the protruding surfaces of the supporting elements.The problem is also solved with a method of manufacturing of construction insulating ...

Process for preparing a porous material

The present invention is directed to a process for preparing a porous material, at least comprising the steps of providing a gel comprising a solvent (S), wherein the solvent (S) has a volume (V1), pressurizing the gel with carbon dioxide at a temperature and a pressure at which carbon dioxide solubilizes in the solvent (S) forming gas-expanded liquid (EL), wherein the gas-expanded liquid (EL) has a volume (V2) and (V2) is greater than (V1); removing supernatant liquid, and drying the gel. The present invention further is directed to the porous material obtained or obtainable according to the process as such as the use of the porous material according to the invention in particular for medical, biomedical and pharmaceutical applications or for thermal insulation.

Composite structure exhibiting energy absorption and/or including a defect free surface

Embodiments described herein relate to a composite structures or sandwiches that may have a relatively high bending stiffness and may have a relatively light weight as well as related methods of use and fabrication of the composite sandwiches. For example, a composite sandwich may include a core structure sandwiched between a two composite skins.

BIORESORBABLE AND BIOACTIVE THREE-DIMENSIONAL POROUS MATERIAL AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF

A bioresorbable and bioactive three-dimensional porous material made from bioresorbable polymers that can be combined with bioactive ceramics, producing a three-dimensional structure of interlinked pores containing additives capable of allowing the regeneration and formation of tissues, and a method for the production thereof is described. 1. Bioresorbable and bioactive three-dimensional porous material characterized in that it comprises a base polymeric matrix comprised of combinations of polymers of natural or synthetic origin , that are selected from the group consisting of: lactide monomers and/or homopolymers in all the possible isomeric variants , such as D-lactide , L-lactide , DL-lactide; ε-caprolactone monomers and/or homopolymers; glicolyde monomers and/or homopolymers; polyesters and polyamides derived from aliphatic dicarboxylic acids and aliphatic hydroxyacids or aliphatic amino acids; poly(hydroxyalkanoate); poly(carprolactam); poly(trimethylene carbonate); poly(urethanes); as well as copolyesters , copolyamides and copolyester-amide derived therefrom , and/or mixtures thereof , wherein polymers are in monomeric ratios varying from 0.1% to 99.9% of the total composition of the base polymeric matrix.2. Material claim 1 , according to claim 1 , characterized in that it also comprises ceramic particles in mass ratios varying from 0.01 to 20.0% with respect to the total mass of the polymeric matrix.3. Material claim 1 , according to claim 1 , characterized in that it also comprises a hydrophilic polymer in mass ratios varying from 10 to 75% with respect to the total mass of the base polymeric matrix.4. Material claim 1 , according to claim 1 , characterized in that it also comprises antitumoral agents claim 1 , antibiotics claim 1 , hypolipidemics and/or anti-inflammatories or combinations thereof.5. Material claim 1 , according to claim 1 , characterized in that the base polymeric matrix is comprised of copolymers comprised of lactide claim 1 , glycolide ...

MOLD AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING POROUS DEVICES

In general, in various embodiments, the present disclosure is directed systems and methods for producing a porous surface from a solid piece of polymer. In particular, the present disclosure is directed to systems that include a track assembly, mold assembly, press assembly, and methods for using the same for producing a porous surface from a solid piece of polymer. In some embodiments, the present systems and methods are directed to processing a polymer at a temperature below a melting point of the polymer to produce a solid piece of polymer with an integrated a porous surface. 2. The method of further comprising removing the initial pressure and the heat from the solid piece of material prior to removing the at least a portion of the porogen layer.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein applying the initial pressure comprising using a static weight in contact with a second surface opposite the surface of the solid piece of material.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein forcing at least a portion of the solid piece of material through gaps within the porogen layer comprises applying an additional pressure to a second surface opposite the surface toward the porogen layer for a predetermined processing time.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein applying an additional pressure to the second surface opposite the surface comprises using a press.6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the additional pressure is applied via the static weight.7. The method of claim 4 , wherein the predetermined processing time is from zero to 45 minutes.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the initial pressure is between 0.1 and 10 PSI and the additional pressure is between 50 and 250 PSI.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein heating the surface of the solid piece of material to the processing temperature below the melting point of the material comprises heating the surface of the solid piece of material to be viscous.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solid piece of material is thermoplastic.11. The ...

IMPLANTABLE DEVICES

Implantable devices for orthopedic, including spine and other uses are formed of porous reinforced polymer scaffolds. Scaffolds include a thermoplastic polymer forming a porous matrix that has continuously interconnected pores. The porosity and the size of the pores within the scaffold are selectively formed during synthesis of the composite material, and the composite material includes a plurality of reinforcement particles integrally formed within and embedded in the matrix and exposed on the pore surfaces. The reinforcement particles provide one or more of reinforcement, bioactivity, or bioresorption. 1. An implantable device comprising: (a) a central region, and', '(b) an outer region,', 'at least one of the two regions comprising a porous reinforced composite scaffold material that comprises a thermoplastic polymer matrix, and a plurality of reinforcement particles distributed throughout the thermoplastic polymer matrix, and a substantially continuously interconnected plurality of pores that are distributed throughout the thermoplastic polymer matrix, each of the plurality of pores defined by voids interconnected by struts,', (i) a porous reinforced composite scaffold material that comprises a thermoplastic polymer matrix, and a plurality of reinforcement particles distributed throughout the thermoplastic polymer matrix, and a substantially continuously interconnected plurality of pores that are distributed throughout the thermoplastic polymer matrix, each of the plurality of pores defined by voids interconnected by struts, and', '(ii) a non-porous reinforced composite material that comprises a thermoplastic polymer matrix, and a plurality of reinforcement particles, 'and the other of the at least two regions comprising one of'}, 'distributed throughout the thermoplastic polymer matrix, 'at least two regions comprising,'}wherein the porosity of the central region is different from the porosity of the outer region.2. An implantable device according to claim 1 , ...

APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING POROUS DEVICES

In general, in various embodiments, the present disclosure is directed systems and methods for producing a porous surface from a solid piece of polymer. In particular, the present disclosure is directed to systems that include a track assembly, mold assembly, press assembly, and methods for using the same for producing a porous surface from a solid piece of polymer. In some embodiments, the present systems and methods are directed to processing a polymer at a temperature below a melting point of the polymer to produce a solid piece of polymer with an integrated a porous surface. 1. A method for processing material , the method comprising:providing a piece of thermoplastic for processing, the piece of thermoplastic comprising at least 50% PEEK by weight;pressing a surface of the piece of thermoplastic against a layer of porogen via a static weight;while the piece of thermoplastic is pressed against the layer of porogen, subjecting the piece of thermoplastic to at least one heat zone, wherein the at least one heat zone heats the piece of thermoplastic to a particular temperature for a particular time;further pressing the piece of thermoplastic against the layer of porogen via a press assembly such that at least a portion of the layer of porogen is displaced through a surface of the piece of thermoplastic to create a matrix layer of porogen and the piece of thermoplastic; andremoving the porogen from the matrix layer of the piece of thermoplastic thereby creating a porous layer of the piece of thermoplastic.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the portion of the layer of the porogen displaced through the surface of the piece of thermoplastic is approximately 0.2 mm to 5.0 mm.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one heat zone includes a heating mechanism.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises providing a mold.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the method further comprises loading the piece of thermoplastic and porogen into the mold ...

LIGHTWEIGHT STRUCTURAL MATERIALS

A light-weight material and a method for producing a light-weight material use removable forms to produce an array of interconnected voids within the material. The forms include a plurality of spaced apart and adjoining blocks onto which the material is deposited, and the blocks are constructed of a material that may be desolidified, such as by vaporization, to remove the blocks from the material, leaving behind a network of interconnected voids. 1. A method for producing a material having voids therein , the method comprising: the shaped members comprise forms for forming the voids within the material; and', 'the shaped members comprise at least one, 'depositing at least a first layer of shaped members on a surface with each shaped member being in physical contact with at least one other of the shaped members, whereincyanoacrylate polymer:desolidifying the cyanoacrylate polymer within the matrix material; andremoving the desolidified cyanoacrylate polymer from the material to leave behind voids within the material.2. (canceled)3. The method of claim 1 , wherein:the desolidifying comprises heating the forms and matrix material under vacuum to a temperature sufficient to depolymerize the cyanoacrylate polymer to cyanoacrylate monomers and vaporize the cyanoacrylate monomers; andthe removing comprises evacuating the vaporized cyanoacrylate from the material.4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising collecting and recycling the vaporized cyanoacrylate monomers.5. (canceled)6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the depositing of at least a first layer of the shaped members comprises at least one of:depositing an array of individual shaped members with each shaped member in physical contact with at least one other of the shaped members to form a contiguous array of shaped members; anddepositing droplets of the at least one cyanoacrylate polymer onto the surface wherein the droplets combine and cure to form the layer of the shaped members in the predetermined pattern of ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING MOULDED PARTS FROM PARTICLE FOAMS

A process for producing shaped parts from particle foams comprising providing particle foam particles, wetting the particle foam particles with an aqueous emulsion of at least one polyolefin and thereby obtaining functionalisable particle foam particles, drying the wetted and functionalisable particle foam particles, shaping the functionalisable particle foam particles, heating the shaped functionalisable particle foam particles to a temperature below the melting range of the particle foam particles and thereby functionalising the shaped functionalisable particle foam particles, heating the shaped, functionalisable particle foam particles to a temperature below the melting range of the particle foam particles and thereby functionalising the shaped, functionalisable particle foam particles, wherein the particle foam particles are bonded together, and cooling and thereby obtaining the particle foam moulding, wherein the aqueous emulsion of the at least one polyolefin is an aqueous emulsion comprising at least one polyolefin converted to the liquid state with an anhydride of an unsaturated carboxylic acid and modified with methacrylic acid ester copolymers.

Pore orientation using magnetic fields

The use of magnetic fields in the production of porous articles is generally described. Certain embodiments comprise exposing a matrix to a magnetic field such that particles within the matrix form one or more elongated regions (e.g., one or more regions in which the particles chain). In some embodiments, after the magnetic field has been applied, the particles and/or a liquid within the matrix can be at least partially removed. Removal of the particles and/or the liquid can leave behind anisotropic pores within the remainder of the matrix material.

ANTENNA AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING ANTENNA

An antenna and a method of manufacturing the antenna are provided. The antenna may include an antenna surface, a ground plane, and an air layer comprising a porous structure. 1. An antenna comprising:an antenna surface;a ground plane; andan air layer comprising a porous structure disposed between the antenna surface and the ground plane.2. The antenna of claim 1 , wherein the air layer supports the antenna surface and the ground plane in a vertical claim 1 , horizontal claim 1 , or diagonal direction.3. The antenna of claim 1 , wherein the air layer further comprises a support body comprising a geometric shape that controls a capacity of air in the air layer.4. The antenna of claim 1 , wherein the air layer further comprises a support body comprising a geometric shape that controls a strength provided by the air layer for supporting the antenna surface and the ground plane.5. The antenna of claim 1 , wherein the air layer controls electrical characteristics of the antenna.6. The antenna of claim 1 , wherein a surface area or a thickness of the air layer controls radiation efficiency of the antenna.7. A wireless physiological signal sensing device comprising:an antenna surface connected to an antenna;a ground plane; anda support layer disposed between the antenna surface and the ground plane and comprising any one or any combination of a signal measurement unit, a signal processing unit, a wireless communication unit, and an air layer comprising a porous structure.8. The sensing device of claim 7 , wherein the air layer supports the antenna surface and the ground plane in a vertical claim 7 , horizontal claim 7 , or diagonal direction.9. The sensing device of claim 7 , wherein the air layer further comprises a support body comprising a geometric shape that controls a capacity of air in the air layer.10. The sensing device of claim 7 , wherein the air layer further comprises a support body comprising a geometric shape that controls a strength provided by the air layer ...

Multicomponent polymer resin, methods for applying the same, and composite laminate structure including the same

Embodiments disclosed herein relate to polymer resins having a first thermoset and one or more additional components (e.g., a second thermoset and/or a thermoplastic), composite laminates including the same, methods of making and using the same, and composite laminate structures including the same.

Method of manufacturing heat-fixing rubber roller and heat-fixing rubber roller

A method of manufacturing a heat-fixing rubber roller includes: forming a rubber layer of a silicone rubber composition on an outer periphery of a metal core shaft, the composition containing water-soluble sugar powder and methylene glycol; vulcanizing the rubber layer; and eluting the sugar powder and the triethylene glycol from the vulcanized rubber layer to form a foam rubber layer.

METHODS OF MANUFACTURING ARTICLES UTILIZING FOAM PARTICLES

Methods for manufacturing articles of footwear are provided. In various aspects, the methods comprise utilizing additive manufacturing methods with foam particles. In some aspects, the additive manufacturing methods comprise increasing the temperature of a plurality of foam particles with actinic radiation under conditions effective to fuse a portion of the plurality of foam particles comprising one or more thermoplastic elastomers. Increasing the temperature of the foam particles can be carried out for one or multiple iterations. The disclosed methods can be used to manufacturer articles with sub-regions that exhibit differing degrees of fusion between the foam particles, thereby resulting in sub-regions with different properties such as density, resilience, and/or flexural modulus. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure. 117-. (canceled)18. An article comprising:a structure formed of a plurality of fused foam particles, whereineach individual foam particle of the plurality of fused foam particles includes a first surface formed of a first thermoplastic elastomer material, and the first surface also includes one or more fused regions affixing the individual foam particle to a second surface of one or more adjacent foam particles, the second surface of the one or more adjacent foam particles comprises a second thermoplastic elastomer material;the fused regions include a portion of the first thermoplastic elastomer material from the first surface of the individual foam particle intermingled with a portion of the second thermoplastic elastomer material from the second surface of the one or more adjacent foam particles;the structure formed of the plurality of fused foam particles includes a plurality of gaps between particles, with the gaps occupying at least 10 percent of a total volume of the structure; andprior to fusing, at least 20 percent of the ...

HIGH-PERFORMANCE HEAT-INSULATING MATERIALS

The present invention relates to a heat-insulating material, in particular in the form of a solid foam, based on mineral particles of submicron porosity, this material incorporating two different ranges of porosities, advantageously including a first range consisting of (macro)pores with diameters of between 10 microns and 3 mm, and a second range consisting of submicron pores with diameters greater than 4 nm and less than 1 μm, the pore volume of said submicron pores being at least 0.5 cm/g and the mass per unit volume of said insulating material being less than 300 kg/m. 1. A heat-insulating material , in particular in the form of a solid foam , formed from mineral particles of submicron porosity , this material incorporating two different ranges of porosities , advantageously including a first range consisting of macropores with diameters of between 10 microns and 3 mm , and a second range consisting of submicron pores with diameters greater than 4 nm and less than 1 μm , the pore volume of said submicron pores being at least 0.5 cm/g and the mass per unit volume of said insulating material being less than 300 kg/m.2. The heat-insulating material as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that it is predominantly inorganic.3. The heat-insulating material as claimed in either of and claim 1 , characterized in that it is obtained from the mixture of at least the following elements: an aqueous foam or water claim 1 , mineral particles of submicron porosity claim 1 , generally incorporated into the foam or the water in the form of a dispersion/suspension claim 1 , said particles having a specific surface area S of greater than 5 m/g claim 1 , and claim 1 , where appropriate claim 1 , an organic binder and/or a mineral binder claim 1 , and/or a surfactant and/or reinforcements.4. The heat-insulating material as claimed in one of to claim 1 , characterized in that the mineral particles are based on silicon oxides and/or derivatives thereof claim 1 , in particular ...

APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING POROUS DEVICES

In general, in various embodiments, the present disclosure is directed systems and methods for producing a porous surface from a solid piece of polymer. In particular, the present disclosure is directed to systems that include a track assembly, mold assembly, press assembly, and methods for using the same for producing a porous surface from a solid piece of polymer. In some embodiments, the present systems and methods are directed to processing a polymer at a temperature below a melting point of the polymer to produce a solid piece of polymer with an integrated a porous surface. 1. A method comprising:loading a solid body of material and porogen into a mold that is configured to travel along a predetermined path;applying pressure via a press to the solid body of material for displacing the porogen through the surface by a defined distance, creating, thereby, a matrix layer including the material and the porogen in the solid body of material, the matrix layer being integrally connected with the solid body of material;maintaining, via a heating element located along the predetermined path, throughout the heating and displacing steps, a temperature of the surface of the solid body that is below the melting temperature by at least the melting temperature differential; andunloading the solid body of material from the mold and removing the porogen to create an integrally connected porous layer in the solid body of material.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein in the material promotes bone-ingrowth.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the material comprises PEEK.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the method further comprises holding the temperature for a particular time.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the particular time is approximately 20 minutes.6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the heating element is a heat plate.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the method further comprises applying a static weight to the solid body of material for at least a portion of the time that ...

APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING POROUS DEVICES

In general, in various embodiments, the present disclosure is directed systems and methods for producing a porous surface from a solid piece of polymer. In particular, the present disclosure is directed to systems that include a track assembly, mold assembly, press assembly, and methods for using the same for producing a porous surface from a solid piece of polymer. In some embodiments, the present systems and methods are directed to processing a polymer at a temperature below a melting point of the polymer to produce a solid piece of polymer with an integrated a porous surface. 1. An apparatus for processing a material , the apparatus comprising:a work bench assembly; an outer mold body defining an opening for receiving a mold insert;', 'the mold insert comprising a void for receiving a layer of porogen and a piece of thermoplastic material; and', 'a static weight for applying pressure to the a piece of thermoplastic material;, 'a mold assembly, the mold assembly comprising a frame;', 'at least one track guide operatively connected to the frame, the at least one track guide defining a path of travel for the mold assembly;', 'two or more electrical resistance heating elements located under the at least one track guide, wherein the two or more electrical resistance heating elements heat the mold assembly to at least one predetermined processing temperature; and', 'one or more indexers for moving the mold assembly along the path of travel; and, 'a track assembly operatively connected to the work bench assembly, the track assembly comprisinga press operatively connected to the work bench assembly, the press assembly for applying pressure the piece of the thermoplastic material, wherein the pressure applied by the press is in addition to the pressure applied by the static weight.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:the outer mold body comprises one or more pegs; andthe static weight comprises one or more holes corresponding to the one or more pegs, wherein the static ...

POROUS STRUCTURE WITH IMPROVED POROSITY, METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE POROUS STRUCTURE, POROUS HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE POROUS HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE

A porous structure according to one embodiment of the present invention is constituted by a frame having a plurality of pores interconnected 3-dimensionally through a plurality of connecting passages. The plurality of pores defined by the frame are distributed in a closest packed state and are interconnected 3-dimensionally through a plurality of connecting passages in a symmetric structure, thus being effective in achieving a maximum porosity of the porous structure. A porous hierarchical structure according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a first porous structure having a plurality of 3-dimensionally interconnected first pores and a second porous structure having a plurality of 3-dimensionally interconnected second pores whose diameter is different from that of the first pores and surrounding and bonded to the first porous structure. A porous hierarchical structure according to a further embodiment of the present invention includes a frame having a plurality of 3-dimensionally interconnected first pores having a diameter in the micrometer range and a plurality of 3-dimensionally interconnected second pores formed around the first pores and whose diameter is smaller than that of the first pores. 1. A porous structure constituted by a frame having a plurality of pores interconnected 3-dimensionally through a plurality of connecting passages.2. The porous structure according to claim 1 , wherein the frame is made of a material selected from carbon materials claim 1 , metal materials claim 1 , and metal oxides.3. The porous structure according to claim 1 , wherein the pores have a diameter in the micrometer range.4. The porous structure according to claim 1 , wherein four connecting passages extend downwardly claim 1 , four connecting passages extend laterally claim 1 , and four connecting passages extend upwardly from the central pore.5. A method for producing a porous structure comprising (A) constructing and stacking a plurality of sacrificial ...

FABRICATION OF MACROPOROUS MONODISPERSE HYDROGEL MICROSPHERES

A macroporous polymeric hydrogel microsphere that contains poly(ethylene glycol), chitosan, and water. The hydrogel microsphere, having a diameter of 50-250 gm and a mesh size of 5-100 nm, is capable of transporting biomolecules conjugated to it. Also disclosed is a method of fabricating the microsphere based on a micromolding technique utilizing surface tension-induced droplet formation followed by photo-induced polymerization. 1. A polymeric hydrogel microsphere containing macropores , the microsphere comprising poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) , chitosan , and water , wherein the microsphere has a diameter of 50-250 μm and a mesh size of 5-100 nm.2. The polymeric hydrogel microsphere of claim 1 , wherein the microsphere has a volumetric swelling ratio of 2-20 and a water content of 40-95% v/v.3. The polymeric hydrogel microsphere of claim 2 , wherein the microsphere has a diameter of 100-235 μm and a water content of 50-90% v/v.4. The polymeric hydrogel microsphere of claim 3 , wherein the microsphere has a diameter of 200-220 μm and a water content of 65-80% v/v.5. The polymeric hydrogel microsphere of claim 1 , wherein the microsphere contains a core having a diameter of 150-190 μm and a shell having a thickness of 10-30 μm claim 1 , the core being surrounded by the shell.6. The polymeric hydrogel microsphere of claim 5 , wherein the microsphere has a diameter of 200-220 μm and a water content of 65-80% v/v.7. The polymeric hydrogel microsphere of claim 1 , wherein the chitosan has an average molar mass of 4 claim 1 ,500-5 claim 1 ,500 Da.8. The polymeric hydrogel microsphere of claim 7 , wherein the chitosan contains primary amines each having a pKa value of 6.0-6.9.9. The polymeric hydrogel microsphere of claim 7 , wherein the microsphere has an apparent chitosan incorporation ratio of 0.1-1.0.10. The polymeric hydrogel microsphere of claim 9 , wherein the microsphere has a diameter of 200-220 μm and a water content of 65-80% v/v.11. The polymeric hydrogel ...

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING PLASTIC SINTERED BODY, METAL MOLD, AND PLASTIC SINTERED BODY

A first compressed portion is formed by heating the plastic powder packed in a cavity of a metal mold and sintering a first portion of the plastic powder packed in the cavity in a first compression state. In addition, a second compressed portion is formed by sintering a second portion of the plastic powder packed in the cavity in a second compression state. A lot of interconnected minute voids are formed in the first compressed portion and a lot of interconnected minute voids smaller than the voids in the first compressed portion are formed in the second compressed portion. Such manufacturing work of a plastic sintered body is performed continuously in the metal mold. In addition, two types of porous portions including voids of different sizes are formed by sintering only one type of the plastic powder in the metal mold. 1. A method for manufacturing a plastic sintered body in which a lot of interconnected minute voids are formed by heating and sintering plastic powder packed in a cavity of a metal mold , the method comprising:forming a first compressed portion by sintering a first portion of the plastic powder packed in the cavity in a first compression state; andforming a second compressed portion by sintering a second portion of the plastic powder packed in the cavity in a second compression state,wherein the voids in the second compressed portion are smaller than the voids in the first compressed portion.2. A method for manufacturing a plastic sintered body in which a lot of interconnected minute voids are formed by heating and sintering plastic powder packed in a cavity of a metal mold , the method comprising:forming a first compressed portion by sintering a first portion of the plastic powder packed in the cavity in a first compression state;forming a second compressed portion by sintering a second portion of the plastic powder packed in the cavity in a second compression state; andforming a third compressed portion by sintering a third portion of the plastic ...

REFORMING DEVICE AND REFORMING METHOD FOR POROUS MATERIAL

A reforming device (1) is provided with, on one end side of a chamber (2), a gas supply part (3) and, on the other end side of the chamber (2), a gas discharge part (4). A support part (5) for supporting a porous material (10) is provided between the gas supply part (3) and the gas discharge part (4) inside the chamber (4). Then, the unsaturated hydrocarbon gas of an unsaturated hydrocarbon supply device (31) and the ozone gas of an ozone generation device (32) are supplied into the chamber (2) via the gas supply part (3) so as to reform the outer-peripheral-side surface and the inner side surface of the porous material (10) accommodated inside the chamber (2). The gas inside the chamber (2) is sucked by the gas discharge part (4) and discharged to the outside of the chamber (2). 17.-. (canceled)8. A reforming method for a porous material for reforming an outer-peripheral-side surface and an inner side surface in the porous material , the method comprising:supporting, inside a chamber, the porous material so as to be interposed between one end side and an other end side of the chamber;supplying an ozone gas and an unsaturated hydrocarbon gas into the chamber from a gas supply part provided on the one end side of the chamber; andsucking a gas inside the chamber by a gas discharge part provided on the other end side of the chamber so as to discharge the gas to an outside of the chamber,wherein the ozone gas and the unsaturated hydrocarbon gas are alternately supplied into the chamber.9. The reforming method for the porous material according to claim 8 , wherein the porous material is supported by a support part claim 8 ,wherein the support part has a shape extending in a direction crossing a direction between the gas supply part and the gas discharge part, is provided with a plurality of through holes penetrating therethrough in the direction between the gas supply part and the gas discharge part, and is formed with, on a gas supply part side thereof, a supporting ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING POROUS DEVICE

A method for making a polymer with a porous layer from a solid piece of polymer is disclosed. In various embodiments, the method includes heating a surface of a solid piece of polymer to a processing temperature below a melting point of the polymer and holding the processing temperature while displacing a porogen layer through the surface of the polymer to create a matrix layer of the solid polymer body comprising the polymer and the porogen layer. In at least one embodiment, the method also includes removing at least a portion of the layer of porogen from the matrix layer to create a porous layer of the solid piece of polymer. 1. A method for forming a solid thermoplastic body with pores distributed through at least a portion of the solid thermoplastic body , the method comprising:heating a surface region of a solid thermoplastic body to a particular processing temperature below a melting point of the thermoplastic, wherein the surface region of the solid thermoplastic body comprises less than one half of the solid thermoplastic body; andholding the particular processing temperature while pressing the surface region of the thermoplastic onto a granular porogen layer thereby causing the granular porogen to displace within the surface region creating a matrix region of the solid thermoplastic body comprising at least a portion of the surface region of the solid thermoplastic body and at least a portion of the granular porogen layer.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the granular porogen layer is laterally constrained such that the granular porogen layer has a substantially constant depth while the surface region of the thermoplastic is pressed onto the granular porogen layer.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the granular porogen layer has a substantially non-constant depth while the surface region of the thermoplastic is pressed onto the granular porogen layer.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lap shear strength between the porous region and the remainder of ...

MOLD FOR IN-MOLD FOAM-MOLDING OF POLYOLEFIN-BASED RESIN, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING IN-MOLD FOAM-MOLDED ARTICLE, AND IN-MOLD FOAM-MOLDED ARTICLE

A mold for in-mold foam-molding of a polyolefin-based resin for producing a molded article includes a first mold part, a second mold part, and a divided mold that holds an insert material, wherein the insert material has a protrusion part, the divided mold is formed on the first and the second mold parts in correspondence with the protrusion part of the insert material, the first mold part has a first holding surface, the second mold part has a divided mold member having a second holding surface and a biasing part that guides the divided mold member movably in the mold opening/closing direction and constantly biases the divided mold member toward the first holding surface, and the base portion of the protrusion part of the insert material is configured for being held between the first and second holding surfaces by the divided mold. 1. A mold for in-mold foam-molding of a polyolefin-based resin for producing a molded article comprising:a first mold part,a second mold part, anda divided mold that holds an insert material, whereinthe insert material has a protrusion part protruding laterally from a foam-molded body relative to an opening/closing direction of the mold,the divided mold is formed on the first and the second mold parts in correspondence with the protrusion part of the insert material,the first mold part has a first holding surface opposed to a base portion of the protrusion part protruding to the outside of a molding space,the second mold part has a divided mold member having a second holding surface opposed to the first holding surface and a biasing part that guides the divided mold member movably in the mold opening/closing direction and constantly biases the divided mold member toward the first holding surface, andthe base portion of the protrusion part of the insert material is configured for being held between the first and second holding surfaces by the divided mold in the state in which the first and second mold parts are completely closed and the ...

CONTROLLED FORMATION OF CELLULAR MATERIAL AND APPARATUS

A hardened cellular material formed by stretching a stretchable material is disclosed. Fluid is allowed to enter softened stretchable material through apertures in a stretching surface to define voids at locations in the stretchable material at locations defined by the apertures. The stretchable material is then hardened with voids at locations controlled/defined by the apertures. 1. A method of forming a cellular slab , comprising:providing two opposing surfaces, with at least one of said surfaces comprising apertures extending therethrough;providing a softened stretchable material between said two opposing surfaces, wherein said stretchable material adheres to said two opposing surfaces;contacting said softened stretchable material with said two opposing surfaces;moving at least one of said two opposing surfaces away from the other to stretch said softened stretchable material between said two opposing surface, while allowing a fluid to enter said softened stretchable material through said apertures to define voids in said stretchable material at locations defined by said apertures;solidifying said stretchable material to form said cellular slab.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said softened stretchable material comprises a heat stretchable material claim 1 , and wherein said providing further comprises softening comprises heating said stretchable material.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein said heat stretchable material comprises a thermoplastic.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said softened stretchable material comprises a thermosetting stretchable material.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein said thermosetting material comprises at least one of epoxy resin claim 4 , polyester claim 4 , polyurethane claim 4 , phenolics claim 4 , epoxy claim 4 , synthetic rubber.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said fluid comprises air.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said surfaces are substantially parallel.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein said surfaces are ...

Polymeric Materials

An upright column is packed with particles of a first material so the particles touch one another and a network of voids is defined between the particles. The network will be substantially continuous. A second material is then introduced into the column so the second material penetrates the network and fills the voids. The mixture of first and second materials is then consolidated using heat to melt the first or second material, whilst the other one of the first or second material remains in a solid state and acts as a space holder. Thereafter, the material which acts as the space holder may be removed thereby to leave a substantially continuous porous network defined by the material which was melted. It is found that, by use of the method, a substantially continuous network of the material which is melted can be formed and that the other material can readily be removed and/or is more easily removed compared to if a mixture of first and second materials was formed prior to packing in a column or mould.

METHOD OF PRODUCING A METAL FORM CONTAINING DISPERSED AEROGEL PARTICLES IMPREGNATED WITH POLYMERS

A method of producing a metal form containing dispersed aerogel particles impregnated with polymers comprising a method of impregnating an aerogel with polymers, placing the aerogel impregnated with polymers within a dissolved polymer, cooling the dissolved polymer to create a polymer form with dispersed aerogel particles impregnated with polymers, adding molten metal to the polymer form, vaporizing the polymer form, replacing the polymer form with molten metal, and cooling the molten metal to yield a metal form containing dispersed aerogel particles impregnated with polymers. Dispersing the aerogel particles impregnated with polymers within the polymer form prior to adding molten metal allows the aerogel particles to be fully dispersed throughout the metal form. 1. A method of producing a metal form containing dispersed aerogel particles impregnated with polymers , said method comprising the steps of;(a) mixing at least one solvent to produce a homogeneous mixture,(b) stirring a catalyst into the homogenous mixture to produce a liquid containing solid nanoparticles,(c) mixing the liquid containing solid nanoparticles with a hydrocarbon to create an emulsion,(d) stirring the emulsion until gelation occurs,(e) removing the hydrocarbon from the emulsion with a first dissolving agent to produce a plurality of aerogel particles containing pores,(f) dissolving a polymer in a second dissolving agent to create a dissolved polymer,(g) mixing the plurality of aerogel particles with an alcohol and the dissolved polymer to produce a first mixture,(h) dilating the pores of the aerogel particles within the first mixture,(i) placing the first mixture into a first mold,(j) freezing the first mixture within the first mold creating a solid form,(k) removing the solid form from the first mold,(l) separating the solid form into a plurality of solid particles,(m) placing the solid particles into a chemical bath,(n) replacing the first and second dissolving agent within the solid ...

POROUS COMPOSITE BIOMATERIALS AND RELATED METHODS

A composite material for use, for example, as an orthopedic implant, that includes a porous reinforced composite scaffold that includes a polymer, reinforcement particles distributed throughout the polymer, and a substantially continuously interconnected plurality of pores that are distributed throughout the polymer, each of the pores in the plurality of pores defined by voids interconnected by struts, each pore void having a size within a range from about 10 to 500 μm. The porous reinforced composite scaffold has a scaffold volume that includes a material volume defined by the polymer and the reinforcement particles, and a pore volume defined by the plurality of pores. The reinforcement particles are both embedded within the polymer and exposed on the struts within the pore voids. The polymer may be a polyaryletherketone polymer and the reinforcement particles may be anisometric calcium phosphate particles. 1. A composite material , comprising: a polyaryletherketone polymer and anisometric reinforcement particles distributed throughout the polyaryletherketone polymer, and', 'a substantially continuously interconnected plurality of pores distributed throughout the polyaryletherketone polymer, each of the pores in the plurality of pores defined by voids interconnected by struts, each pore void having a size within a range from about 10 to 500 μm,, 'a porous reinforced composite scaffold, comprisingwherein a plurality of the anisometric reinforcement particles are both embedded within the polyaryletherketone polymer and exposed on the struts within the pore voids, andwherein the porous reinforced composite scaffold has a scaffold volume that includes a material volume defined by the polyaryletherketone polymer and the anisometric reinforcement particles, and a pore volume defined by the plurality of pores.2. The composite material according to claim 1 , wherein the porous reinforced composite scaffold is formed by mixing polymer claim 1 , reinforcement claim 1 , and ...

LOADABLE POROUS STRUCTURES FOR USE AS IMPLANTS

Loadable porous structures are disclosed, which are structures with pre-formed pores. The loadable porous structures can be loaded with pharmaceutical substances and optional excipients. The loaded porous structures can then be used as implants, for implantation into a patient for release of pharmaceutical substances over long periods of time. Methods of making and using such structures and implants are also disclosed. 1. A method of making a loadable porous structure , comprising:extruding a mixture of a biocompatible matrix material and a porogen to form a matrix material-porogen extrudate, andremoving the porogen from the extrudate to form the loadable porous structure.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the matrix material is a polymer.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the polymer is a non-biodegradable polymer.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the matrix material comprises a material selected from the group consisting of acrylics claim 1 , agarose claim 1 , alginate claim 1 , cellulose ethers claim 1 , collagen claim 1 , copolymers containing poly(ethylene glycol) and polybutylene terephthalate segments (PEG/PBT) (PolyActive™) claim 1 , copolymers of poly(lactic) and glycolic acid claim 1 , copolymers thereof with poly(ethylene glycol) claim 1 , derivatives and mixtures thereof claim 1 , dextran claim 1 , dextrose claim 1 , elastin claim 1 , epoxides claim 1 , ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA copolymer) claim 1 , fluoropolymers claim 1 , gelatin claim 1 , hydroxypropylmethylcellulose claim 1 , maleic anhydride copolymers claim 1 , methyl cellulose and ethyl cellulose claim 1 , non-water soluble cellulose acetate claim 1 , non-water soluble chitosan claim 1 , non-water soluble hydroxyethyl cellulose claim 1 , non-water soluble hydroxypropyl cellulose claim 1 , peptides claim 1 , PLLA-poly-glycolic acid (PGA) copolymer (also known as poly-L-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid claim 1 , or PLGA) claim 1 , poly (L-lactic acid) claim 1 , poly(2-ethoxyethyl methacrylate) claim ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING A FOAM BODY, AND FOAM BODY

The invention relates to a method for producing a foam material body, as well as to a foam material body. A pourable starting granulate of expanded particles of a thermoplastic material is provided, which is subjected to a non-melting heat treatment. As a result, an intermediate granulate is formed with a bulk density higher than that of the starting granulate. The foam material body is then formed by materially connecting the volume-reduced particles of the intermediate granulate by heating the intermediate granulate to a temperature greater than a glass transition temperature of the thermoplastic material in the molding cavity of a molding tool and then solidifying the thermoplastic material by cooling. The foam material body exhibits an overall density between 80 kg/mand 600 kg/m. 117: A method of producing a foam material body () comprising the following steps:{'b': '1', 'provision of a pourable starting granulate () of expanded particles of a thermoplastic material,'}{'b': 5', '1', '1', '1, 'formation of a pourable intermediate granulate () having a bulk density higher than that of the starting granulate () through volume reduction of the particles of the starting granulate () by subjecting the starting granulate () to a non-melting heat treatment, and'}{'b': 17', '5', '5', '18, 'molding of the foam material body () through material connection of the volume-reduced particles of the intermediate granulate () by heating the intermediate granulate () in a molding cavity of a molding tool () to a temperature greater than the glass transition temperature of the thermoplastic material, and by subsequently solidifying the thermoplastic material via cooling.'}21: The method according to claim 1 , wherein foam material objects are crushed from the thermoplastic material to provide the starting granulate ().3: The method according to claim 2 , wherein foam material objects with different densities are crushed.451: The method according to claim 1 , wherein by heat ...

POROUS COMPOSITE BIOMATERIALS AND RELATED METHODS

Synthetic composite materials for use, for example, as orthopedic implants are described herein. In one example, a composite material for use as a scaffold includes a thermoplastic polymer forming a porous matrix that has continuous porosity and a plurality of pores. The porosity and the size of the pores are selectively formed during synthesis of the composite material. The example composite material also includes a plurality of a anisometric calcium phosphate particles integrally formed, embedded in, or exposed on a surface of the porous matrix. The calcium phosphate particles provide one or more of reinforcement, bioactivity, or bioresorption. 1. A porous reinforced composite scaffold material , comprising:a thermoplastic polymer material having essentially uniform porosity and comprising a plurality of anisometric calcium phosphate particles distributed essentially uniformly throughout,wherein the composite comprises a plurality pores that are defined by voids interconnected by struts, the size of the pores being either homogenous or heterogeneous and within the range from about 10 to 500 μm, andwherein the calcium phosphate particles comprise single crystals, dense polycrystals or combinations thereof, and wherein the calcium phosphate particles are embedded within the thermoplastic polymer material and exposed on the struts within the pore voids.2. A porous reinforced composite scaffold material as described in claim 1 , wherein the porosity ranges between 1 to 95 percent by volume.3. A porous reinforced composite scaffold material as described in claim 1 , wherein the anisometric calcium phosphate comprises one or more of hydroxyapatite claim 1 , calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite claim 1 , carbonated calcium hydroxyapatite claim 1 , beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) claim 1 , alpha-tricalcium phosphate (alpha-TCP) claim 1 , amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) claim 1 , octacalcium phosphate (OCP) claim 1 , tetracalcium phosphate claim 1 , biphasic calcium ...

NONAQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE SECONDARY BATTERY SEPARATOR AND USE THEREOF

A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery separator, which includes a porous film containing a polyolefin-based resin as a main component, has a difference of not more than between (a) a white index measured on a surface of the porous film which has not been irradiated with ultraviolet light having W/mand (b) a white index measured on the surface of the porous film which has been irradiated, for hours, with the ultraviolet light having W/m. 1. A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery separator comprising a porous film containing not less than 50% by volume of a polyolefin-based resin having a weight-average molecular weight of 5×10to 15×10 , {'br': None, 'i': ΔWI=WI', '−WI, 'sub': 1', '0, 'Equation (1)'}, 'the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery separator having ΔWI of not more than 2.5, ΔWI being defined by the following Equation (1){'sub': '0', 'sup': 2', '2, 'where WI is a white index defined by American Standard Test Method (ASTM) E313, WIis WI that is measured, by use of a spectrocolorimeter, on a surface of the porous film which has not been irradiated with ultraviolet light having 255 W/m, and With is WI that is measured, by use of the spectrocolorimeter, on the surface of the porous film which has been irradiated, for 75 hours, with the ultraviolet light having 255 W/m.'}2. A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery laminated separator comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery separator recited in ; and'}a porous layer.3. A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery member comprising:a cathode;{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery separator recited in ; and'}an anode,the cathode, the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery separator, and the anode being provided in this order.4. A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery member comprising:a cathode;{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00002', 'claim 2'}, 'a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary ...

Systems and Methods for Making Porous Films, Fibers, Spheres, and Other Articles

Multiple processes for preparing porous articles are described. The porous articles can be in a wide array of shapes and configurations. The methods include providing a soluble material in particulate form and forming a packed region from the material. The methods also include contacting a flowable polymeric material with the packed region such that the polymeric material is disposed in voids in the packed region. The polymeric material is then at least partially solidified. The soluble material is then removed such as by solvent washing to thereby produce desired porous articles. Also described are systems for performing the various processes. 1. A method of forming a porous article comprising:providing a soluble material in particulate form;forming a packed region of the soluble particulate material having a plurality of voids in the packed region;contacting a flowable polymeric material with at least a portion of the packed region of the soluble particulate material whereby at least a portion of the flowable polymeric material is disposed in at least a portion of the voids in the packed region;at least partially solidifying the polymeric material to thereby form an intermediate composite material;removing at least a portion of the soluble particulate material from the intermediate composite material to thereby form a porous article.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein contacting a flowable polymeric material with at least a portion of the packed region of the soluble particulate material includes providing a polymeric film claim 1 , contacting the film with a layer of the soluble material in particulate form and heating the polymeric film to a temperature sufficient to transform the polymeric material to a flowable polymeric material.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein removing at least a portion of the soluble particulate material includes contacting the soluble particulate material with a wash liquid.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the wash liquid is a liquid ...

MICROPOROUS HYDROGELS

The invention relates to a porous hydrogel matrix having substantially interconnected tunnel-shaped micropores with a three-dimensional configuration of an interconnected hollow tetrapod network. Such matrices may be used to entrap motile cells that migrate into the micropores of said matrix. The matrices of the invention are formed by a method comprising the steps of providing a solution of a hydrogel-forming material, providing a template material with a three-dimensional configuration corresponding to the negative configuration of the desired interconnected porous structure of the hydrogel material, said template material comprising interconnected zinc oxide tetrapod (t-ZnO) networks, casting the solution of hydrogel-forming material onto the template and removing the template material from the hydrogel material by acid hydrolysis of the template material. 1. A porous hydrogel matrix having substantially interconnected tunnel-shaped micropores , wherein the majority of the micropores forms a tetrahedron angle at the micropore junctions.2. The matrix of claim 1 , wherein the tunnel-shaped micropores have an average tunnel diameter from about 500 nm to about 15 μm3. The matrix of claim 1 , wherein the tunnel-shaped micropores have an average tunnel length from about 20 μm to about 200 μm.4. The matrix of claim 1 , wherein said matrix has tunnel-shaped micropores with a ratio of tunnel length/tunnel diameter greater than 10.5. The matrix of claim 1 , wherein said matrix has a tunnel density between about 4 and about 53 volume percent.6. The matrix of claim 1 , wherein the hydrogel matrix comprises a material selected from the group comprising polyacrylamide claim 1 , polyethylene glycol claim 1 , poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) claim 1 , poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) claim 1 , poly(acrylic acid) and copolymers thereof.7. The matrix of claim 1 , wherein said matrix comprises a chemotaxis inducing-substance selected from the group comprising cAMP.8. The matrix of ...

HYDRO-FORMED FILM WITH THREE-DIMENSIONAL MICRO-APERTURES

A method of processing a polymeric web includes providing a forming screen configured for supporting and moving with the web in a machine direction. The forming screen has a plurality of elliptical screen openings, each having a major axis perpendicular to the machine direction and a minor axis parallel to the machine direction. The method includes continuously depositing the web onto the forming screen and passing the web and forming screen through a water stream having a pressure level sufficient to cause the web to be forced into the screen openings, thereby forming protrusions extending from the planar surface of the web. Each protrusion has an apex, an opening at the apex, and an elliptical cross-section parallel to the planar surface of the web. The elliptical cross-section has a protrusion axis ratio that may be selected so as to produce a desired protrusion axis ratio. 1. A method of processing a polymeric web having a substantially planar surface , the method comprising:providing a forming screen configured for supporting and moving with the web in a machine direction, the forming screen having a screen wall with a plurality of elliptical screen openings formed therethrough, each screen opening having a major axis dimension perpendicular to the machine direction and a minor axis dimension parallel to the machine direction;continuously depositing the web onto the forming screen so that the web is supported by the screen wall and so that the web and the forming screen wall move together in the machine direction; andpassing the web and forming screen wall through a water stream having a pressure level sufficient to cause the web to be forced into the screen openings, thereby forming localized protrusions extending from the planar surface of the web, each protrusion having an apex, an opening at the apex, and an elliptical cross-section parallel to the planar surface of the web, the elliptical cross-section having a protrusion axis ratio.2. A method according ...

PRINTED CHEMICAL MECHANICAL POLISHING PAD HAVING CONTROLLED POROSITY

A method of fabricating a polishing pad includes determining a desired distribution of voids to be introduced within a polymer matrix of a polishing layer of the polishing pad. Electronic control signals configured to be read by a 3D printer are generated which specify the locations where a polymer matrix precursor is to be deposited, and specify the locations of the desired distribution of voids where no material is to be deposited. A plurality of layers of the polymer matrix corresponding to the plurality of the first locations is successfully deposited with the 3D printer. Each layer of the plurality of layers of polymer matrix is deposited by ejecting a polymer matrix precursor from a nozzle. The polymer matrix precursor is solidified to form a solidified polymer matrix having the desired distribution of voids. 1. A method of fabricating a polishing pad , comprising:determining a desired distribution of voids to be introduced within a polymer matrix of a polishing layer of the polishing pad;generating electronic control signals configured to be read by a 3D printer; the control signals specifying a plurality of first locations where a polymer matrix precursor is to be deposited, and specifying a plurality of second locations corresponding to the desired distribution of voids where no material is to be deposited;successively depositing a plurality of layers of the polymer matrix corresponding to the plurality of the first locations with the 3D printer, each layer of the plurality of layers of polymer matrix being deposited by ejecting the polymer matrix precursor from a nozzle; andsolidifying the polymer matrix precursor to form a solidified polymer matrix having the desired distribution of voids.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the desired distribution of voids comprises determining one or more parameters selected from the group consisting of the size of the voids claim 1 , and the spatial location of the voids within the polymer matrix.3. The ...

GROWTH SUBSTRATE FOR PLANTS

A growth substrate for plants including polylactic acid, wherein the polylactic acid is particulate polylactic acid foam. A method for preparing a growth substrate for plants including polylactic acid foam, the method including providing particulate expandable polylactic acid and exposing the particulate expandable polylactic acid to predetermined temperature and pressure conditions to obtain particulate polylactic acid foam. 111-. (canceled)12. A growth substrate for plants comprising polylactic acid , wherein the polylactic acid is particulate polylactic acid foam.131. The growth substrate according to claim , wherein the particulate polylactic acid foam is present in an amount of 10-100 wt. % in relation to the total weight of the growth substrate.141. The growth substrate according to claim , wherein the particulate polylactic acid foam has an open-cell structure obtained by break-foaming a closed-cell structure.151. The growth substrate according to claim , wherein the particulate polylactic acid foam has an open-cell structure obtained by washing out water-soluble additives selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol , sucrose , glucose , flour and starch.16. A method for preparing a growth substrate for plants comprising polylactic acid foam , the method comprising the steps of:i) providing particulate expandable polylactic acid; andii) exposing the particulate expandable polylactic acid from step i) to predetermined temperature and pressure conditions to obtain particulate polylactic acid foam.17. The method according to claim 16 , further comprising the step of:iii) adjusting the cell structure of the particulate polylactic acid foam by break-foaming the cell structure.18. The method according to claim 17 , further comprising the step of:iv) providing the foamed particulate polyactic acid with a coating.19. The method according to claim 18 , further comprising the steps of:v) compressing the material obtained in step iv) to obtain a plate- ...

MAGNETIC FIELD ALIGNMENT OF EMULSIONS TO PRODUCE POROUS ARTICLES

The use of magnetic fields in the production of porous articles is generally described. Certain embodiments are related to methods of producing porous articles in which magnetic fields are applied to an emulsion to align emulsion droplets. In some embodiments, after the emulsion droplets have been aligned, the emulsion droplets and/or the medium surrounding the emulsion droplets can be removed to leave behind a porous article. According to certain embodiments, polyvinyl alcohol can be used, for example, to stabilize the emulsion droplets and/or bind together components of the porous article. In some embodiments, water-soluble liquid alcohol can be used, for example, to stabilize the suspension of electronically conductive material within a phase of the emulsion. 1. A method , comprising:exposing a matrix comprising a fluid and emulsion droplets within the fluid to a magnetic field such that the magnetic field causes at least a portion of the emulsion droplets to chain; andat least partially removing the fluid and/or the emulsion droplets from the matrix to form anisotropic pores within the matrix,wherein at least one of the fluid and the emulsion droplets contain water and a water-soluble liquid alcohol.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein:the emulsion droplets contain water and a water-soluble liquid alcohol, andat least partially removing the fluid and/or the emulsion droplets from the matrix comprises at least partially removing the fluid to form anisotropic pores within the matrix.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein:the fluid contains water and a water-soluble liquid alcohol, andat least partially removing the fluid and/or the emulsion droplets from the matrix comprises at least partially removing the emulsion droplets to form anisotropic pores within the matrix.46-. (canceled)7. A method claim 1 , comprising:exposing a precursor composition of a porous article to a magnetic field which causes longitudinal axes of elongated regions of emulsion droplets within a ...

MOLD AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING POROUS DEVICES

In general, in various embodiments, the present disclosure is directed systems and methods for producing a porous surface from a solid piece of polymer. In particular, the present disclosure is directed to systems that include a track assembly, mold assembly, press assembly, and methods for using the same for producing a porous surface from a solid piece of polymer. In some embodiments, the present systems and methods are directed to processing a polymer at a temperature below a melting point of the polymer to produce a solid piece of polymer with an integrated a porous surface. 1. A method for processing material using a mold , the method comprising:loading a solid body of thermoplastic material and a layer of porogen into a mold, the mold comprising a non-through void for receiving the layer of porogen and the solid body of thermoplastic material;heating the mold to a processing temperature that is below a melting temperature of the thermoplastic material; andapplying a constant pressure to the solid body of thermoplastic to displace the layer of porogen through a surface of the solid body of thermoplastic material by a defined distance thereby creating a matrix layer including the thermoplastic material and the porogen.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:cooling the solid body of thermoplastic material;unloading the solid body of thermoplastic material from the mold; andremoving at least a portion of the porogen from the matrix layer to create an integrally connected porous layer in the solid body of thermoplastic material.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the integrally connected porous layer comprises pores about 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm in size.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising holding the mold at the processing temperature while applying the constant pressure until the matrix layer is created.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mold comprises:an outer mold body defining an opening for receiving a mold insert; anda static weight for applying ...

METHODS OF MANUFACTURING ARTICLES UTILIZING FOAM PARTICLES

Methods for manufacturing articles of footwear are provided. In various aspects, the methods comprise utilizing additive manufacturing methods with foam particles. In some aspects, the disclosed methods comprise selectively depositing a binding material on foam particles in a target area such that the binding material coats at least a portion of defining surfaces of the foam particles with the binding material. The binding material is then cured to affix foam particles in the target area to one another. In various aspects, the disclosed methods can be used to manufacturer articles with sub-regions that differential levels of affixing between the foam particles, and thereby resulting in sub-regions with different properties such as density, resilience, and/or flexural modulus. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure. 1. An article comprising:a structure formed of a plurality of affixed foam particles, whereineach individual foam particle of the plurality of affixed foam particles is formed of a thermoplastic elastomer material having a coating, wherein the coating comprises a monomeric or polymeric binder, wherein the individual foam particle of the plurality is affixed to one or more adjacent foam particles by one or more binding regions including the coating and excluding the thermoplastic elastomer of the foam particle and between the one or more binding regions of the individual foam particle are a plurality of gaps separating the individual foam particle from the one or more adjacent foam particles to which it is affixed, the gaps occupying at least 10 percent of a total volume of the structure,the one or more adjacent foam particles comprise the thermoplastic elastomer material having a coating, wherein the coating comprises a monomeric or polymeric binder,the binding regions include a portion of coating from the individual foam particle, a portion ...

Ultra-thin polymer film and porous ultra-thin polymer film

A porous ultra-thin polymer film has a film thickness of 10 nm-1000 nm. A method of producing the porous ultra-thin polymer film includes dissolving two types of mutually-immiscible polymers in a first solvent in an arbitrary proportion to obtain a solution; applying the solution onto a substrate and then removing the first solvent from the solution applied onto the substrate to obtain a phase-separated ultra-thin polymer film that has been phase-separated into a sea-island structure; and immersing the ultra-thin polymer film in a second solvent which is a good solvent for the polymer of the island parts but a poor solvent for a polymer other than the island parts to remove the island parts, thereby obtaining a porous ultra-thin polymer film.

NANOPOROUS MEMBRANES AND METHODS FOR MAKING THE SAME

A method for making a nanoporous membrane is disclosed. The method provides a composite film comprising an atomically thin material layer and a polymer layer, and then bombarding the composite film with energetic particles to form a plurality of pores through at least the atomically thin material layer. The nanoporous membrane also has a atomically thin material layer with a plurality of apertures therethrough and a polymer film layer adjacent one side of the graphene layer. The polymer film layer has a plurality of enlarged pores therethrough, which are aligned with the plurality of apertures. All of the enlarged pores may be concentrically aligned with all the apertures. In one embodiment the atomically thin material layer is graphene. 1. A method for making a nanoporous membrane , comprising:providing a composite film comprising an atomically thin material layer and a polymer film, andbombarding said composite film with energetic particles to form a plurality of pores through at least said atomically thin material layer.2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:selecting energetic particles so as to form said plurality of holes through said atomically thin material layer and said polymer film so that said polymer film is chemically functionalized.3. The method according to claim 2 , further comprising:etching said polymer film to form a plurality of enlarged pores in said polymer film.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein each of said plurality of enlarged pores are substantially aligned with one of said plurality of pores through said atomically thin material layer.5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein said plurality of pores through said atomically thin material layer range in size from 0.5 nm to about 10 nm claim 4 , wherein said plurality of enlarged pores from 10 nm to 1000 nm claim 4 , and wherein said plurality of enlarged pores have a diameter larger than said plurality of pores.6. The method according to claim 4 , further ...

METHODS OF MANUFACTURING ARTICLES UTILIZING FOAM PARTICLES

Methods for manufacturing articles of footwear are provided. In various aspects, the methods comprise utilizing additive manufacturing methods with foam particles. In some aspects, the disclosed methods comprise selectively depositing a binding material on foam particles in a target area such that the binding material coats at least a portion of defining surfaces of the foam particles with the binding material. The binding material is then cured to affix foam particles in the target area to one another. In various aspects, the disclosed methods can be used to manufacturer articles with sub-regions that differential levels of affixing between the foam particles, and thereby resulting in sub-regions with different properties such as density, resilience, and/or flexural modulus. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure. 116-. (canceled)17. An article comprising:a structure formed of a plurality of affixed foam particles, whereineach individual foam particle of the plurality of affixed foam particles is formed of a thermoplastic elastomer material, and includes one or more binding regions on an outer surface of the individual foam particle affixing the individual foam particle to one or more adjacent foam particles,the one or more adjacent foam particles comprise the thermoplastic elastomer material,the binding regions include a portion of binding material from the individual foam particle, a portion of binding material from at least one of the one or more adjacent foam particles, a portion of the thermoplastic elastomer material from the individual foam particle intermingled with a portion of the thermoplastic elastomer material from at least one of the one or more adjacent foam particles, or any combination thereof,the structure formed of the plurality of affixed foam particles includes a plurality of gaps between particles, with the gaps occupying at least ...