액정 매질 및 액정 장치

Thus, the present invention refers to one or more compounds of formula I in an amount of 60% or more are disclosed medium including:

In formula said,

R¹¹ And R¹² Are each independently H, F, Cl, CN, NCS, or one or more non-adjacent - CH₂ In each case independently of each other are not interconnected directly atoms is O - O -, - S -, - NH -, - N (CH₃ ) -, - CO -, - COO -, - OCO -, - O-a CO a-O -, - S-a CO -, - CO-a S -, - CH=CH -, - CH=CF -, - CF=CF or may not be substituted or halogen or CN - C ≡ C - can be replaced with the mono or polysubstituted 1 to 25 for straight or branched alkyl of C atoms, preferably F, Cl, CN, halogen or CN or may not be substituted mono or multi-ring is straight or branched alkyl of 1 to 25 C atoms can be for, more preferably the polar group, most preferably F, CN or CF₃ And;

R¹¹ And R¹² For at least one of the alkyl, i.e. at least one non-adjacent CH -₂ In each case independently of each other are not interconnected directly atoms is O - O -, - S -, - NH -, - N (CH₃ ) -, - CO -, - COO -, - OCO -, - O-a CO a-O -, - S-a CO -, - CO-a S -, - CH=CH -, - CH=CF -, - CF=CF or may not be substituted or halogen or CN - C ≡ C - can be replaced with the mono or multi-ring that can be straight or branched alkyl of 1 to 25 C atoms to, preferably one CH₂ Is - CH=CH -, - CH=CF or - CF=CF - can be replaced with the OCF₃ And CF₃ The number involves, the polar group, preferably - the polar group, more preferably substituted alkyl, alkenyl or it will be an alkyne, most preferably 1 to 25 C atoms of linear or branched chain alkyl group;

MG¹¹ And MG¹² Are each independently mesogens group;

MG¹¹ And MG¹² 1 Or 2 atom and/or at least one at least one or more 5 - and 6 - atom ring, at least one 5 - or 6 - 2 2 - 2 including one or more ring atoms/atom and when the double atomic connector, preferably connector - CO a-O -, - O-a CO -, - CH₂ - O -, - O-a CH₂ - 2 - Atoms can be connected by a connector selected from the group consisting of;

Sp¹ The at least one non-adjacent and non - end - CH₂ In addition 2 - CH=CH of O atoms adjacent to each other is of 2 - O-a CO - without is adjacent to each other without, - S-a CO -, - O-a COO -, - CO-a S -, - CO-a O - CH=CH - 2 is adjacent to each other and to selected from of - O -, - S -, - NH -, - N (CH₃ ) -, - CO -, - O-a CO -, - S-a CO -, - O-a COO -, - CO-a S -, - CO a-O -, - CH - (halogen), - CH (CN)-, or - CH=CH - C ≡ C - can be replaced, including 1, 3 or 5 to 40 C atoms of a spacer, preferably - (CH₂ )_n (I.e. i.e. C atoms of n 1, n - alkylene) - is, n is an integer, preferably an integer of 3 to 19, preferably an integer of 3 to 11, most preferably odd integer (i.e. 3, 5, 7, 9 or 11) and;

X¹¹ X and¹² Are each independently - CO a-O -, - O-a CO -, - O -, - CH=CH -, - C ≡ C -, - CF₂ - O -, - O-a CF₂ -, - CF₂ - CF₂ , - CH₂ - O -, - O-a CH₂ -, - CO-a S -, - S-a CO -, - CS-a S -, - S and selected from the single bond linkage, preferably - CO a-O -, - O-a CO -, - CF₂ - O -, OCF₂ Or single combination, - X¹¹ - Sp¹ - X¹² 2 - CH=CH of O atoms adjacent to each other in 2 - of - O-a CO - without is adjacent to each other without, - S-a CO -, - O-a COO -, - CO-a S -, - CO a-O and is selected from 2 - CH=CH - of not adjacent to each other.

A preferred embodiment of number 1,

R¹¹ C atoms of the 1 to 25, preferably of 1 to 15 C atoms, more preferably 1 to 10 C atoms of linear or branched chain alkyl group;

R¹² Is H, F, Cl, CN, or unsubstituted or halogen or CN, preferably 1 to 25 of the mono or multi-ring CN C atoms which can be straight or branched alkyl group/or being resized;

MG¹¹ And/or MG¹² In any F, Cl, CN, OCH₃ Or OCF₃ At least 2 the dog are substituted, preferably connector - CO a-O -, - O-a CO -, - CH₂ - O -, - O-a CH₂ -, - CF₂ - O - O-a CF and₂ 2 - Atoms can be connected by a linking group selected from -, ring atoms including one or more 6 - / group mesogens wetting ability;

Sp¹ The at least one non-adjacent and non - end - CH₂ Is in addition - O -, - S -, - NH -, - N (CH₃ ) -, - CO -, - O-a CO -, - S-a CO -, - O-a COO -, - CO-a S -, - CO a-O -, - CH - (halogen), - CH (CN)-, or - CH=CH - C ≡ C - can be replaced, including the wetting ability of 5 to 40 C atoms/spacer group;

X¹¹ X and¹² Are each independently of each other - CH=CH -, - C ≡ C -, - O -, - CF₂ - O -, - O-a CF₂ -, - CO a-O -, - O-a CO -, - O-a CO a-O -, - S -, - CSS -, - S non-CS -, - CO-a S -, - S-a CO -, and - S-a CS-a S - to - S provided CO provided S selected from, or single bond, preferably - O -, - CO a-O -, - O-a CO -, and - CO-a S - to - S provided CO selected from, or single bond, most preferably - CO-a S -,

- S non-CO -, - O-a CO -, - CO-a O or single combination, - X¹¹ - Sp¹ - X¹² Of O atoms adjacent to each other without in - 2, 2 - CH=CH of adjacent is without, - O-a CO -, - S-a CO -, - O-a COO -, - CO-a S -, - CO a-O and is selected from 2 - CH=CH - of not adjacent to one antoher.

Any preferred embodiments differ from the wetting ability can be as equal as hereinafter further comprises in a preferred embodiment,

X¹¹ X and¹² Hereinafter is over one another and, alternatively independently of each other, preferably - CO a-O -, - O-a CO -, - CH=CH -, - C ≡ C -, - O -, - S-a CO -, - CO-a S -, - S -, and - CO - defined selected from said connector, or single bond and, preferably X¹¹ And the - CO a-O or - O -, X¹² Or a single bond; X¹¹ X is - CO-a O - and¹² And is - O -, most preferably X¹¹ X is - CO-a O - and¹² Is single bond or - CO a-O are disclosed.

Any preferred embodiments differ from the wetting ability can be as equal as hereinafter further comprises in a preferred embodiment,

MG¹¹ And MG¹² 6 Atom or at least one of the at least one 5 - 2 and ring atoms, at least one of which at least 2 the dog, preferably connector - CO a-O -, - O-a CO -, - CH₂ - O -, - O-a CH₂ -, - CF₂ - O - O-a CF and₂ 2 - Atom linking group selected from - by-coupled with each other.

Any preferred embodiments differ from the wetting ability can be as equal as hereinafter further comprises in a preferred embodiment,

X¹¹ The - CO-a S -, - S-a CO -, - CS-a S -, - S non-CS -, - CO-a S -, - S-a CO -, - S-a CO-a S -, - S-a CS-a S and - S -, preferably - CO-a S -, - S-a CO and - S -, most preferably - CO-a S and - S-a CO - group selected from;

X¹² The X¹¹ X11 independently defined for having one or meanings, - CO a-O -, - O-a CO -, - CH=CH -, - C ≡ C -, - CF₂ - O or - O-a CF₂ - And linkage groups selected from - O -, or single bond and, preferably - CO-a S or - S -, most preferably - CF₂ - O or - O-a CF₂ - And;

SP¹ The - (CH₂ )_n Is -, n is 1, 3, or 5 to 15 integer, most preferably odd integer (i.e. not even), most preferably 5, 7 or 9 is, X¹¹ X and¹² Single bond or 2 even when the length of atoms may be due, - (CH₂ )_n One or more H atoms or CH F independently of each other -₃ Any can be replaced.

Any preferred embodiments differ from the wetting ability can be as equal as hereinafter further comprises in a preferred embodiment,

X¹¹ X and¹² And includes both single bond;

SP¹ The - (CH₂ )_n Is -, n is 1, 3, or 5 to 15 integer, most preferably odd integer (i.e. not even), and most preferably 5, 7 or 9, - (CH₂ )_n One or more H atoms or CH F independently of each other -₃ Any can be replaced.

The preferred compounds of the formula I

- X¹¹ - Sp¹ - X¹² - Is - Sp¹ -, - Sp¹ - O -, - O-a Sp¹ -, - O-a Sp¹ - O -, - Sp¹ - CO a-O -, - O-a CO provided Sp¹ -, - O-a Sp¹ - CO a-O -, - O-a CO provided Sp¹ - O -, or - O-a CO provided Sp¹ - CO a-O -, CO a-O -, preferably - Sp¹ -, - Sp¹ - O -, - O-a Sp¹ -, - O-a Sp¹ - O -, - Sp¹ - CO a-O -, - O-a CO provided Sp¹ - Or - O-a CO provided Sp¹ - CO a-O -, more preferably - Sp¹ -, - O-a Sp¹ - O -, - Sp¹ - CO a-O or - O-a CO provided Sp¹ And - CO a-O -;

SP¹ The - (CH₂ )_n Is -, n is 1, 3, or 5 to 15 integer, most preferably odd integer (i.e. not even), and most preferably 5, 7 or 9, - (CH₂ )_n One or more H atoms or CH F independently of each other -₃ Any can be replaced

Compounds are disclosed.

Further preferred compounds are of formula I

MG¹¹ And MG¹² (Portion) due to independently of each other are disclosed compounds of formula II is:

- A¹¹ - (Z¹¹ - A¹² )_k - II

In formula said,

Z¹¹ In each case one or more F independently of each other, and/or Si S to optionally substituted single bond, - COO -, - OCO -, - O-a CO a-O -, - OCH₂ -, - CH₂ O -, - OCF₂ -, - CF₂ O -, - CH₂ CH₂ -, - (CH₂ )₄ -, - CF₂ CF₂ -, - CH=CH -, - CF=CF -, - CH=CH-a COO -, - OCO-a CH=CH or - C ≡ C -, preferably single bond and;

A¹¹ And A¹² Are each independently in each case at least one of resin and 5 - atoms, preferably d five pen - 2, 5 - die may, furan - 2, 5 - die may, thiazole - may die, the die oh it will doze thiazole - selected from one die, all said groups are F, Cl, CN, or 1 to 7 C atoms of alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl or mono alkyl neel car step controller, disubstituted, trisubstituted or luxury ring is can be, one or more H atoms F or Cl, preferably F, Cl, CH₃ Or CF₃ Or the like can be substituted;

A¹¹ And A¹² Are each independently in each case 1, 4 phenylene is, used in the one or more additional CH N, trans - 1, 4 - cyclohexanedimethanol - can be replaced, additionally at least one non-adjacent CH -₂ O and/or S is a function that, 1, 4 - cyclohexylene, 1, 4 - bicyclo - (2, 2, 2) - jade [thil, piperidine - 1, 4 - die may, naphthalene - 2, 6 - die may, car high draw, naphthalene - 2, 6 - may die, 1, 2, 3, 4 - tetrahydro - naphthalene - 2, 6 - die may, cycles may be die - 1, 3 - butane, spiro [3. 3] Heptane - 2, 6 - die date or dice fatigue [3. 1. 3. 1] Can be replaced and orl - 2, 8 - linked die, all said groups are F, Cl, CN, or 1 to 7 C atoms of alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl or mono alkyl neel car step controller, disubstituted, trisubstituted or luxury can be the ring, one or more H atoms F or Cl, preferably F, Cl, CH₃ Or CF₃ Or the like can be substituted;

K is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, preferably 1, 2 or 3, most preferably 1 or 2 are disclosed.

Preferred mesogens of only 6 - ring atoms including formula II to smaller than represented are listed. For easy, in 1, 4 - phenylene and is to Phe, 1, 4 - phenylene group substituted with 1 to 4 the first and second PheL is L, L is preferably F, Cl, CN, OH, NO₂ , Or optionally fluorinated alkyl of 1 to 7 C atoms, alkoxy or alkanes to oil, very preferably F, Cl, CN, OH, NO₂ , CH₃ , C₂ H₅ , OCH₃ , OC₂ H₅ , COCH₃ , COC₂ H₅ , COOCH₃ , COOC₂ H₅ , CF₃ , OCF₃ , OCHF₂ Or OC₂ F₅ , In particular F, Cl, CN, CH₃ , C₂ H₅ , OCH₃ , COCH₃ Or OCF₃ , Most preferably F, Cl, CH₃ , OCH₃ Or COCH₃ And, the 1, 4 - cyclohexylene Cyc among others. To list is a lower number and for an - formula comprises:

In formula said,

1, 4 - Cyclohexylene Cyc is, preferably trans - 1, 4 - cyclohexanedimethanol [heyk thread [leyn and;

Phe is 1, 4 - phenylene and;

1, 2 Or 3 of the PheL by fluorine atoms, Cl atoms of 1 or 2 by, or one Cl atom substituted 1, 4 - phenylene and one F atoms;

Z is Z portion defined in formula II¹¹ And in which the meaning of having one, at least one of which preferably - COO -, - OCO -, - O-a CO a-O -, - OCH₂ -, - CH₂ O -, - OCF₂ - And - CF₂ O - chosen from.

Lower - formula II-a 1, II-a 4, II-a 5, II-a 7, II-a 8, II-a 14, II-a 15, II-a 16, II-a 17, is in particular preferably of II-a 18 and II-a 19.

In said preferred groups, Z Z in each case independently has the formula I¹¹ During the meaning of one. Preferably, one of the Z - COO -, - OCO -, - CH₂ - O -, - O-a CH₂ -, - CF₂ - O or - O-a CF₂ -, Most preferably - COO -, - O-a CH₂ - Or - CF₂ - O - and, others are preferably single bond are disclosed.

Very preferably, and at least one MG11 MG12 to mesogens, preferably both to independently to IIn formula IIa (2 IIi and IIl omitted to avoid confusion by any of reference number), and for an selected from:

In formula said,

L is in each case independently of each other F or Cl, preferably F and;

R is 0, 1, 2 or 3 in each case independently of each other, preferably 0, 1 or 2 are disclosed.

In a preferred formula for said Preferably is very desirable

,

Additionally

Represents;

L F independently of each other, or Cl Cl are disclosed.

In the case of non - compounds having polar groups, R¹¹ And R¹² Is desirably 10 hereinafter C atoms of alkyl or 2 to 10 C atoms of two isocyanate functional group o'clock.

R¹¹ And R¹² When the alkyl or alkoxy radical, i.e. end CH₂ When is replaced with - O -, this straight or branched be. This preferably , 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 and C atoms of, the, e.g. preferably ethyl, propyl, butyl, neopentyl, hexyl, , octyl, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pen [thok city, [heyk inside city, [heyp at the time of or jade [thok city, in addition methyl, nonyl, it will be burnt, fortune thread, crystalline salts of dodecyl, it will be burnt tri, tetra it will be burnt, pen hit thread, , cock hour, , of boron atoms, tri or tetra cock hour cock hour among others.

Oxa alkyl (i.e. one CH₂ Is replaced by - O -) is, e.g. preferably linear 2 - oxa profile (i.e. methoxymethyl), 2 - oxa butyl (i.e. ethoxymethyl) or 3 - oxa butyl (i.e. 2 - ), 2 -, 3 or 4 - oxa neopentyl, 2 -, 3 -, 4 or 5 - oxa hexyl, 2 -, 3 -, 4 -, 5 or 6 - oxa , 2 -, 3 -, 4 -, 5 -, 6 or 7 - oxa-octyl, 2 -, 3 -, 4 -, 5 -, 6 -, 7 or 8 - oxa nonyl, or 2 -, 3 -, 4 -, 5 -, 6 -, 7 -, 8 or 9 - oxa it will be burnt by a goniophotometer.

In the case of end compounds having polar groups, R¹¹ And R¹² The CN, NO₂ , Halogen, OCH₃ , OCN, SCN, COR^x , COOR^x , Or 1 to 4 C atoms of , oligonucleotides is, it was discordant or fluorinated alkyl or alkoxy group. R^X Two is 1 to 4, preferably 1 to 3 C atoms of optionally fluorinated alkyl are disclosed. The halogen is preferably Cl or F are disclosed.

Particularly preferably, R of formula I¹¹ And R¹² The H, F, Cl, CN, NO₂ , OCH₃ , COCH₃ , COC₂ H₅ , COOCH₃ , COOC₂ H₅ , CF₃ C and₂ F₅ , In particular H, F, Cl and CN, particularly H, F, CN and selected from.

Additionally, chiral branched to R¹¹ And/or R¹² The compounds of the formula I containing, for example due to the reduction of the tendency for crystallization often can be important. For branched chains of this type generally does not contain more than one branched. In a preferred oxide layer and of citral branched groups are isopropyl, isobutyl (i.e. methyl propyl), neopentyl isocyanate (i.e. 3 - methylbutyl), isopropoxy, 2 - methyl - 3 - propoxy and butoxy methyl are disclosed.

For Sp spacer¹ Is preferably 1, 3, or 5 to 40 of C atoms, in particular 1, 3, or 5 to 25 of C atoms, 1, 3, or 5 to 15 C atoms of the straight or branched alkylene group, additionally at least one non-adjacent and non - end - CH₂ Groups are - O -, - S -, - NH -, - N (CH₃ ) -, - CO -, - O-a CO -, - S-a CO -, - O-a COO -, - CO-a S -, - CO a-O -, - CH - (halogen), - CH (CN)-, or - CH=CH - C ≡ C - can be replaced.

"End" CH₂ For mesogens groups are directly attached group. The, "non - end" CH₂ For MG used in the mesogens¹¹ And MG¹² Directly not combined.

An exemplary spacer groups, e.g. - (CH₂ )_o - Or - (CH₂ CH₂ O)_p - CH₂ CH₂ - Is, integer o is 5 to 40, in particular 5 to 25 integer, integer number of very preferably 5 to 15, is an integer of 1 to 8 p, in particular 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 are disclosed.

In a preferred spacer groups, e.g. pentylene, , , jade [thil, it will stroll, [leyn, it will be burnt alkylene, fortune it will be burnt, [leyn, accumulation of thread [leyn, octadecaborane , die [thil jade hour ethylene, methyl [leyn jade father-in-law [thil die, pentylene, , roh [neyn one [leyn or fortune one which it counts [leyn among others.

C atoms is 5 to 15 Sp of representing alkylene, particularly preferably compounds of of the present invention formula I. Linear alkylene is particularly preferred.

C atoms coupled inverter, preferably of 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 or 15 with at preferably alkyl [leyn this C atoms, very preferably C atoms of 7, 9 or 11 with at alkyl [leyn this.

In yet another aspect of the present invention, spacer groups are an even number C atoms, preferably 6, 8, 10, 12 or 14 with at C atoms of alkylene residue. Said X aspect¹¹ X and¹² One of the one atomic, i.e. - O - or - S, or 3 of atoms, e.g. - S non-CO -, or - S-a CS-a S - 1 or the other is composed of - S provided CO provided S C in particular preferably when the possible out of reactor 3.

C atoms is 5 to 15 Sp of representing fully deuterated alkylene, particularly preferably compounds of of the present invention formula I. Deuterated straight alkylene is very preferably. Portion deuterated straight alkylene is most preferably.

Mesogens for R¹¹ - MG¹¹ - X¹¹ - R and¹² - MG¹² - X¹² Different -, compounds of formula I preferably. In yet another aspect a compound of formula I, R¹¹ - MG¹¹ - X¹¹ - R and¹² - MG¹² - X¹² - Are the same each other.

Preferred compounds of formula I represented by formula IA IQ to selected from the group of:

In formula said,

Number alkylene spacer (- CH₂ )_n The only example - only, wherein n is 3, or 5 to 15 integer, preferably 5, 7 or 9 (in which bar number greater according exclusive sound) and;

R¹¹ And R¹² Are each independently said of said defined above are useful as including a preferred meaning, R preferably¹¹ The F or CN, preferably R¹² The CF₃ , F or CN, more preferably F or CN, most preferably CN and, in each case independently of each other the L F or Cl, most preferably F are disclosed.

In particular preferred compounds are selected from the group of said defined formula and, of 0, 2 or 4 F atoms has side position (i.e. as L).

The compounds of the formula I itself publicly known organic chemical and standard surge, [Houben-a Weyl, Methoden der organischen Chemie, Thieme-a Verlag, Stuttgart] example synthesized according to or similar to the disclosed herein can be synthesized. In a preferred number portion in which a synthesis reaction type can be obtained from bath method.

The compounds of the formula I of nematic liquid crystal mixture when added nematic hereinafter is defined. In this context, nematic liquid crystal blend-mesogens compound effect indicators document [by Barnes, P. J. , Douglas, A. G. , Heeks, S. K. , Luckhurst, G. R. , Liquid Crystals, 1993, Vol. 13, No. 4, 603613] Reported to the nanometer range. Said reference example C12 dimer and found highly polar nematic hereinafter phases, this type liquid crystal by authorized geographical area.

Hereinafter nematic present evidence maul minuteness is saved in the document [Henderson, P. A. , Niemeyer, O. , Imrie, C. T. In Liquid Crystals, 2001, Vol. 28, No. 3, 463 - 472] Wherein the published, triazines didn't further irradiated.

Document [Liquid Crystals, 2005, Vol. 32, No. 11 - 12, 1499 - 1513] in, P. A. (Henderson, P. A), money cells, J. M. (Seddon, J. M.) and , C. T. (Imrie, C. T.) belonging to a smectic C nematic phase is hereinafter for woman on special example reported by. Number 1 nematic hereinafter additional nematic phase the synthesized [Panov, V. P. , Ngaraj, M. , Vij, J. K. , Panarin, Y. P. , Kohlmeier, A. , Tamba, M. G. , Lewis, R. A. And Mehl, G. H. In Phys. Rev. Lett. 2010, 105, 1678011 - 1678014] Reported to the nanometer range.

In this context, including the liquid crystal mixture is defined as a nematic phase in addition number 2 in speed mesogens compound formula I can exhibit novel maul minuteness. The maul minuteness of nematic liquid crystalline complementary at a temperature lower than original exist, which in general outline the unique number by herein been observed in mixture.

The, formula I does not have this phase nematic phase number 2 in speed mesogens compounds are typically improves mixture by introducing nephrophathy. In addition, the amount of compounds of formula I have different number 2 is adapted to the temperature required by nephrophathy nematic of behavior.

In some preferred embodiments of the present invention according to mixture to encoded number.

Mesogens for MG¹¹ And MG¹² 1, 2 Or 3 ring atoms of 6 - is in each case independently of each other, preferably 2 or 3 of 6 - ring atoms including, compounds of formula I preferably.

The present invention according to at least one medium is preferably 1, 2, 3 or 4, preferably 1, 2 or 3 comprising a compound of formula I of.

The total amount of the compound of formula I preferably 60 to 100% by weight liquid crystal medium mixture, in particular 70 to 95% by weight, preferably 80 to 90% by weight is highly desirable. In another preferred embodiment, the present invention according to 2 medium is one or more, preferably 3 or more, more preferably 4 consisting of one or more compounds of formula I.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention according to the liquid crystal medium is publicly known from GB 2 356 629 or similar such as, one or more compounds of formula I in an amount of formula III of compound other than optionally includes:

R³¹ - MG³¹ - X³¹ - Sp³ - X³² - MG³² - R³² III

In formula said,

R³¹ And R³² Are each independently H, F, Cl, CN, NCS, or halogen or CN can be applied to mono or multi-ring, in addition at least one non-adjacent CH -₂ O atoms is interconnected directly so - O -, - S -, - NH -, - N (CH₃ ) -, - CO -, - COO -, - OCO -, - O-a CO a-O -, - S-a CO -, - CO-a S -, - CH=CH -, - CH=CF -, - CF=CF or - C ≡ C - C atoms can be replaced with at branched alkyl group of 1 to 25;

MG³¹ And MG³² Are each independently mesogens group;

Sp³ The at least one non-adjacent CH -₂ Is in addition - O -, - S -, - NH -, - N (CH₃ ) -, - CO -, - O-a CO -, - S-a CO -, - O-a COO -, - CO-a S -, - CO a-O -, - CH - (halogen), - CH (CN)-, or - CH=CH - C ≡ C - can be replaced, including spacer group of 5 to 40 C atoms;

X³¹ X and³² Are each independently - O -, - S -, - CO -, - COO -, - OCO -, - O-a CO a-O -, - CO a-NH -, - NH-a CO -, - CH₂ CH₂ -, - OCH₂ -, - CH₂ O -, - SCH₂ -, - CH₂ S -, - CH=CH -, - CH=CH-a COO -, - OCO-a CH=CH -, - C ≡ C or single bond are disclosed.

Mesogens for MG³¹ And MG³² Is desirably chosen from formula II.

R³¹ - MG³¹ - X³¹ - R and³² - MG³² - X³² The same -, particularly preferably compounds of formula III.

Another aspect of the present invention R is³¹ - MG³¹ - X³¹ - R and³² - MG³² - X³² Different -, to compounds of formula III are disclosed.

Mesogens for MG³¹ And MG³² Is 1, 2 or 3 and ring of 6 - atoms, very preferably again of formula II selected from mesogens due to 14, particularly preferably compounds of formula III.

MG of formula III³¹ And MG³² In, lower - formula II-a 1, II-a 4, II-a 6, II-a 7, II-a 13, II-a 14, II-a 15, II-a 16, is in particular preferably of II-a 17 and II-a 18. In such preferred groups, independently in each case Z to Z is formula II¹ Has one of the meanings defined for. Preferably, Z is - COO -, - OCO -, - CH₂ CH₂ -, - C ≡ C or single bond are disclosed.

Very preferably, MG to mesogens³¹ And MG³² The formula IIa to IIo for, and for an selected from.

In the case of non - compounds having polar groups, R³¹ And R³² Is desirably 15 hereinafter C atoms of alkyl or 2 to 15 C atoms of two isocyanate functional group o'clock.

R³¹ And R³² When the alkyl or alkoxy radical, i.e. end CH₂ When is replaced with - O -, this straight or branched be. This preferably , 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 and C atoms of, the, e.g. preferably ethyl, propyl, butyl, neopentyl, hexyl, , octyl, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pen [thok city, [heyk inside city, [heyp at the time of or jade [thok city, in addition methyl, nonyl, it will be burnt, fortune thread, crystalline salts of dodecyl, it will be burnt tri, tetra it will be burnt, pen hit thread, , cock hour, , of boron atoms, tri or tetra cock hour cock hour among others.

Oxa alkyl (i.e. one CH₂ Is replaced by - O -) is, e.g. preferably linear 2 - oxa profile (i.e. methoxymethyl), 2 - oxa butyl (i.e. ethoxymethyl) or 3 - oxa butyl (i.e. 2 - ), 2 -, 3 or 4 - oxa neopentyl, 2 -, 3 -, 4 or 5 - oxa hexyl, 2 -, 3 -, 4 -, 5 or 6 - oxa , 2 -, 3 -, 4 -, 5 -, 6 or 7 - oxa-octyl, 2 -, 3 -, 4 -, 5 -, 6 -, 7 or 8 - oxa nonyl, or 2 -, 3 -, 4 -, 5 -, 6 -, 7 -, 8 or 9 - oxa it will be burnt by a goniophotometer.

In the case of end compounds having polar groups, R³¹ And R³² The CN, NO₂ , Halogen, OCH₃ , OCN, SCN, COR^x , COOR^x , Or 1 to 4 C atoms of , oligonucleotides is, it was discordant or fluorinated alkyl or alkoxy group. R^X Two is 1 to 4, preferably 1 to 3 C atoms of optionally fluorinated alkyl are disclosed. The halogen is preferably Cl or F are disclosed.

Particularly preferably, R of formula III³¹ And R³² The F, Cl, CN, NO₂ , OCH₃ , COCH₃ , COC₂ H₅ , COOCH₃ , COOC₂ H₅ , CF₃ , C₂ F₅ , OCF₃ , OCHF₂ And OC₂ F₅ , In particular F, Cl, CN, OCH₃ OCF and₃ Selected from.

For formula III Sp spacer³ This purpose can be used as publicly known to the skilled. For Sp spacer³ Is preferably of 5 to 40 C atoms, in particular 5 to 25 of C atoms, straight or branched alkylene group of 5 to 15 C atoms is, additionally at least one non-adjacent CH -₂ Groups are - O -, - S -, - NH -, - N (CH₃ ) -, - CO -, - O-a CO -, - S-a CO -, - O-a COO -, - CO-a S -, - CO a-O -, - CH - (halogen), - CH (CN)-, or - CH=CH - C ≡ C - can be replaced.

An exemplary spacer groups, e.g. - (CH₂ )_o -, - (CH₂ CH₂ O)_p - CH₂ CH₂ -, - CH₂ CH₂ - S-a CH₂ CH₂ - Or - CH₂ CH₂ - NH-a CH₂ CH₂ - Is, integer o is 5 to 40, in particular 5 to 25 integer, integer number of very preferably 5 to 15, is an integer of 1 to 8 p, in particular 1, 2, 3 or 4 are disclosed.

In a preferred spacer groups, e.g. pentylene, , , jade [thil, it will stroll, [leyn, it will be burnt alkylene, fortune it will be burnt, [leyn, accumulation of thread [leyn, octadecaborane , die [thil jade hour ethylene, methyl [leyn jade father-in-law [thil die, pentylene, , roh [neyn one [leyn or fortune one which it counts [leyn among others.

Sp³ C atoms is 5 to 15 of representing alkylene, particularly preferably compounds of of the present invention formula I. Linear alkylene is particularly preferred.

Of the present invention in another preferred embodiment of the invention, formula III chiral compound that is due to one or more spacers Sp chiral formula IV¹ Comprises.

X of formula III³¹ X and³² Is preferably - O -, - CO -, - COO -, - OCO -, - O-a CO-a O or single bond by a goniophotometer.

Compounds of formula I are compounds of formula III-a 1 to III-a 4 to other than in particular preferably selected from:

In formula said,

R³¹ And R³² Having formula III is defined meaning;

Z³¹ And Z³² The Z³¹ And Z³² Such as defined;

Z^{31 A-I} And Z^{32 A-I} Each Z of formula III³¹ And Z³² Inverse group

O and r preferably in each case independently of said sense defined above are useful as including said;

L is in each case independently of each other preferably F, Cl, CN, OH, NO₂ , Or optionally fluorinated alkyl of 1 to 7 C atoms, alkoxy or alkanes to oil, very preferably F, Cl, CN, OH, NO₂ , CH₃ , C₂ H₅ , OCH₃ , OC₂ H₅ , COCH₃ , COC₂ H₅ , COOCH₃ , COOC₂ H₅ , CF₃ , OCF₃ Or OCHF₂ , OC₂ F₅ , In particular F, Cl, CN, CH₃ , C₂ H₅ , OCH₃ , COCH₃ Or OCF₃ , Most preferably F, Cl, CH₃ , OCH₃ And COCH₃ Are disclosed.

The present invention according to in particular preferred mixtures in an amount of formula III-a 1a to one or more III-a 1e, and III-a 3a compounds of III-a 3b and comprises:

In formula said,

Efined said defined parameters.

A preferred embodiment of the present invention, two liquid crystal medium is 2 to 25, preferably 3 to 15 of compounds of formula III comprises.

0 To 50% by weight of the total amount of compounds of formula III total mixture liquid crystal medium, in particular 2 to 30% by weight, preferably 3 to 15% by weight is highly desirable.

In another preferred embodiment, the present invention according to 2 medium is one or more, preferably 3 or more, more preferably one or more compounds of formula I consisting of one or more compounds of formula III 4.

The present invention according to in particular preferred media comprises on or more chiral dopants in a random and provides, this showing excellent itself does not need itself presents a homogeneous alignment.

Compounds of formula IV and to formula V selected from, each (S, S) enantiomer specifically chiral dopants including preferably:

In formula said,

1, 4 - Phenylene or trans - 1, 4 - cyclo - [heyk thread [leyn and E and F are each independently;

V is 0 or 1 and;

Z⁰ Is - COO -, - OCO -, - CH₂ CH₂ And - or single bond;

R is alkyl of 1 to 12 C atoms, alkoxy or an oil are disclosed.

Compounds of formula IV synthesis and disclosed in WO 98/00428. The number D particularly preferably compounds of formula CD-a 1 to table. GB 2,328,207 synthesis to compounds of formula V and disclosed.

High spiral beetle rim power (HTP) with chiral dopants, in particular WO 98/00428 disclosure to the chiral dopants specifically preferably.

Additionally, typically used chiral dopants are implanted, e.g. (Germany maul [lu material from different shoe tart (KGaA)) are available commercially available R/S provided 5011, CD-a 1, R/S provided 811 and CB-a 15 are disclosed.

The aforementioned R/S provided 5011 and CD-a 1 chiral compounds, and compounds of the formula IV and V represents very high HTP, the purpose of the invention is useful in particular.

The liquid crystal medium, preferably compounds of said formula IV, in particular CD provided 1, and/or compounds and/or formula V selected from R-a 5011 or S provided 5011, preferably two 1 to 5, in particular 1 to 3 two, very preferably 1 or 2 of chiral dopants and, very preferably chiral compounds are R-a 5011, S provided 5011 or CD-a 1 are disclosed.

1 To 15% by weight of the total amount of the compound preferably mixture chiral liquid crystal medium, in particular 0. 5 To 10% by weight, very preferably 0. 1 To 5% by weight are disclosed.

In another preferred embodiment, the present invention according to 2 medium is one or more, preferably 3 or more, more preferably one or more compounds of formula I 4, and one or more chiral dopants consisting of.

The addition of one or more compounds of formula VI to a number selected from optionally including liquid crystal medium is additionally preferably:

In formula said,

R⁵ C atoms is 12 hereinafter two of alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl or alkenes one jade city and;

a

And;

L¹ To L⁴ Are each independently H or F and;

Z² The - COO -, - CH₂ CH₂ And - or single bond;

M is 1 or 2 are disclosed.

In particular preferred compound that is chosen from compounds of formula of formula VI:

In formula said,

the R R⁵ For meaning and having one;

L¹ , L² And L³ said meanings.

Liquid crystal medium is preferably said formula IVa to VIf, very preferably selected from compounds of VIf, preferably two 1 to 5, in particular 1 to 3 two, very preferably a compound comprises 1 or 2.

The total amount of formula VI suitable liquid crystal medium number 1 to 20% by weight preferably mixture addition, in particular 1 to 15% by weight, preferably 1 to 10% by weight is highly desirable.

The present invention according to conventional concentrations of the additional liquid crystal medium containing additive number can be. This additional component 0 total concentration based on the total mixture. 1 To 10%, preferably 0. 1 To 6% are disclosed. Individual compounds used each preferably 0 total concentration. 1 To 3% are disclosed.

Said liquid crystal component and the concentration of the added number of a liquid crystal medium herein added number and similar range value and concentration of undesired compounds is not contemplated. In addition to the strip and is used in the concentration of the dichromatic dye mixture, this host medium concentration is specified compounds of each component is not does not counted. Final concentration of each added number always doped mixture as compared to a given substrate.

The present invention according to liquid crystal medium of several compounds, preferably two 2 to 30, more preferably 3 to 20 two, most preferably a compound consisting of 4 to 16. Such compounds are mixed with a conventional method. As a rule, used in greater amount than a compound for use in the compounds of the requirement of large quantities of dissolved with each other. A compound for use in a high concentration of temperature or more, dissolved in particular for observing the completion of a process is hereinafter disclosed. However in addition, medium is other conventional method, e.g. so-called pre - mixture (e.g. eutectic mixture of unused viscoelastic) utilize or so-called multi - bottle - system (multi-a bottle provided system) (component which can be used immediately following itself to mixtures thereof) number bath using can be disclosed.

One or more compounds of formula I 60% liquid crystal display including a liquid crystal medium, e.g. STN, TN, AMD provided TN, temperature compensation, guest - host, polymer stabilized cholesteric texture (SSCT, PSCT) phase change or surface stabilization or display, in particular automatic voltage device, active and passive optical elements (e.g. polarizers, corrector, reflector, alignment layer, color filter or holographic element), decorative and security for adhesive number design, synthetic resin with anisotropic mechanical properties, above, diagnosis (diagnostics), liquid crystal pigment, non - linear optical, to storage device, can be used as chiral dopants or.

In particular automatic voltage useful in the present invention according to mixture is a liquid crystal display. The, compounds of formula I of the present invention another object is to provide liquid crystal medium including automatic voltage display including 60% or more are disclosed.

In a preferred embodiment, of the present invention can be a flat is an ordered mixture. Planar alignment is applied on top of a substrate, e.g. alignment layer, e.g. rubbing (rubbing) polyimides (sputtering) or sputtering a SiO_x By layers of can be achieved.

Alternatively, substrate directly, i.e. without applying the [le it will do round be additional alignment layer. For example, rubbing fabric, such as wallpaper, or flat-like wand is achieved by rubbing cloth can be coated. A preferred embodiment of the present invention, one or more rubbing roller , e.g. along a substrate brushing (brushing) by high speed rotating rollers, one or more rollers to cut or optionally covered with a rubbing fabric between two or more rollers 2 are achieved. A preferred embodiment of the present invention, as defined in the rubbing fabric coated roller peripheral preferably substrate at least partially enclose angle achieved substrate.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention according to any chiral compounds that do not contain an isotropic mixture is commercially available mixture VA PI alignment layer, e.g. insides of the film 32 including a midamble obtainable from (Fujijilm) (Duramide 32) into cell charging, by cooling said mixture from homeotropic alignment can be anisotropic nematic.

In some preferred mixture, for isotropy planar nematic transition observed substrate. After additional cooling cell on the nematic, cross-linked polarizer between the texture shown in planar (by uniformly colored) (black) in altered thickness observed substrate. Due to this state pressing nematic texture as cell thickness [wan year by flash pattern includes a plurality observed are identified.

However, the thickness of the present invention mixture for nematic transition further preferably represent a direct isotropic properties.

Additional cooling when, mixture is maintained to a homeotropic nematic at room hereinafter.

The method for achieving a planar or homeotropic alignment further suitable, e.g. document [J. Cognard, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 78, Supplement 1, 1 - 77 (1981)] described disclosed.

In another preferred embodiment, of the present invention can be aligned cholesteric mixture is on.

According to preferred embodiments of the present invention formula I of the present invention oriented between different States of the switching of the disclosed compounds of samples provided to illustratively.

According to this preferred aspect, the sample is electrode layer, e.g. ITO including plane parallel glass plate coated with a layer - 2 is located in the cell, the cholesteric spiral axes oriented perpendicular to the cholesteric on cell walls, planar aligned with each other. Said state with him (Grandjean) state, and texture of a sample and also publicly known, this, e.g. polarizing microscope with him as texture observable disclosed. Planar alignment, e.g. surface treatment of cell walls, e.g. such as by rubbing and/or poly amide can be achieved by coating the alignment layer.

Samples having high-quality alignment with him to on chiral nematic - isotropic phase transition state is heated at a temperature near isotropic chiral nematic and cooling, cells by lightly pressing the further flow alignment can be achieved.

In planar, sample spiral pitch and material exhibits selective reflection of incident light by reflection central wavelength according to average refractive index.

Electric field, e.g. 10 Hz to 1 kHz frequency and 12 V_Rms /Micro m amplitude applied to electrode, sample is, parallel threaded pulley and molecules field, which is oriented perpendicular to the plane of the electrode i.e., homeotropic state switching with each other. In thickness, typically sunscreen sample transparency when viewing and, when placed between cross-linked polarizers black appears with a substrate.

The electric field state that permits the thickness reduction or number, sample is spiral shaft field at right angles, i.e. electrode oriented parallel to the plane of the spiral twisted by molecules exhibiting, focus conical texture adapted to each other. In addition focus conical state can be accomplished by only weak electric fields representing the planar state. In conical focus, usually sunscreen scattering when the sample is viewed and, between cross-linked polarizers bright appears to be disclosed.

The present invention according to different sample medium exhibits light of different degree. The, quality is self alignment of each orientation state and may be adjusted by measuring the transmittance of the sample be. The, particular state transitions that achieve different orientations and determining possible electric field required in addition can be used.

In a sample of the present invention according to medium, the aforementioned numerous small disordered focal conical state birefringence domain combustion chamber. Preferably cell by additional shear force, nucleating (nucleation) conical focus of texture for greater market step by applying an electrical field, a large spiral shaft, aligned in parallel with the second electrode area is crucial, uniformly aligned the texture's a way. Chiral nematic material handling a document, such as document [P. Rudquist et al. , Liq. Cryst. 23 (4), 503 (1997)] According, in addition said spirals (ULH) placed uniformly - texture texture also referred to as a substrate. Such automatic voltage characteristic of the present invention compounds are required texture on a turntable.

A preferred embodiment of the present invention, increase or decrease of an electric field greater than 0 when rubbed polyimide substrate having on Δ ε in a sample typically observed for a series of the texture given other:

.

ULH texture starting from, by the application of an electric field of the present invention mixture is automatic voltage can be switched. This cell substrate in a plane and forced to rotate in the optical material, this material is cross-linked polarizer positioned between the light when a change in a 2n.. In the embodiment of the present invention material provided in addition to said entry and automatic voltage switching is disclosed.

In addition, focus conical texture starting from a high frequency, e.g. electric field having a frequency of 10 kHz to the sample while applying samples on the toughening of isotropic and cholesteric from, shearing the cell ULH texture can be obtained. Field can be different compounds of differing frequency.

The present invention according to macroscopic medium is uniform and a high value of spring constant k can be aligned orientation₁₁ A liquid crystal display in particular exhibit useful in automatic voltage e and high automatic voltage coefficient.

The liquid crystal medium, preferably 1x10^-10 　Less than N, preferably 2x10^-11 　N k of less than₁₁ , 1X10^-11 　C/m exceeds, preferably 1x10^-10 　C/m exhibits greater than e automatic voltage coefficient.

In addition to use in automatic voltage device, the present invention according to the mixture in addition other types of display, and other optical and electronic optical applications, e.g. corrects or polarizing film, color filter, reflective cholesteric, suitable optical storage device arrives.

Additional aspects of the present invention mixed cell wall (hybrid) indicating alignment requirements, liquid crystal display cell are disclosed. Terms "mixed alignment", or the orientation of the number 1 or 2 of display cells adjacent to the cell wall material mesogens liquid crystal or between substrates, or on a substrate indicates a cholesteric mesogens is number 1, number 2 adjacent cell walls, or number 2 represents planar orientation on a substrate mesogens is means other.

Terms "homeotropic alignment", or the orientation of the liquid crystal or mesogens material on liquid crystal or mesogens material or substrate display cells each cell or substrate oriented substantially perpendicular to each other means is mesogens.

Terms "planar alignment", or the orientation of the liquid crystal or mesogens material on liquid crystal or mesogens material or substrate display cells each cell or substrate oriented substantially parallel to the other means is mesogens.

According to preferred embodiments of the present invention 2 automatic voltage display plane parallel to each other, preferably, translucent conductive layer, such as indium tin oxide (ITO) on the inner surface is covered with a glass plate, and between the substrates in the liquid crystal medium and which ball number automatic voltage, homeotropic alignment requirements for one inner substrate surface a liquid crystalline medium exhibits opposing internal substrate surface delivered characterized by planar alignment requirements is received.

Having mixed alignment requirements by using display cell, automatic voltage switch of very high switching each, fast response time and good contrast can be achieved.

In addition the present invention according to automatic voltage display can be plastic substrate instead of glass substrate. Plastic film substrate suitable for use in particular as aforementioned by rubbing roller rubbing processing.

Additional without any labor, one skilled using the present invention can be used much as it deems the mentioned description is received. Thus, in the embodiment the remainder of the disclosure in any way number is thus merely for descriptive is considered to not valve timing of the vehicle from the outside.

A date number is not in context, the term used herein a single type and including a plurality of may be believed, as well as vice versa in addition are disclosed.

Description of and claim range inclusively herein, terms "comprising" and "containing disclosed", and said deformation of the terms, e.g. "including" "limited non-number including" other components times the number components not intended substrate (times does not number).

A inclusively herein, each are, e.g. small ring, e.g. 3 or 5 - not one with a number such as ring atoms, two adjacent C 3 coupled to a proportion, e.g. C=C bond angle in the benzene ring double bond or C=O or 120° and, 2 adjacent C coupled to proportion, e.g. C ≡ C C ≡ N or triple bond, or allyl sites in the 180° and C=C=C bond angle, nevertheless in some cases a portion of each of these are not specified in formula.

In one aspect of the present invention belonging to the category of the present invention modifications which carry may be achieved while still understood to be dubbed inlater. Disclosure herein with specific characteristic is not referred to a method for same or equivalent or similar other characteristics can be replaced. The, alternatively referred not, only general series of equivalent or similar features feature specific disclosure yale only disclosed.

The disclosure herein has all the characteristics at least some such feature is not as long as any combination of the number and/or steps can be combined each other times. In particular, in one aspect of the present invention is applicable to any combination of the preferred features of the present invention all can be used. Similarly, non - essential combination feature is described (not combination) can be turned.

The present invention according to medium total concentration 100% all compounds are disclosed. Alternatively referred to all concentration weight % not defined.

In the embodiment of the following which carry in, all without temperature correction to all and not in number with and due to the weight percentages are in number °C are disclosed.

Liquid crystal phase behavior of abbreviation is used for describing are used:

Crystal and K;

The nematic and N;

N2 is nematic and number 2;

The Sm or S;

The Ch;

I provide is;

Tg glass transition is are disclosed.

Symbol exhibits between digits phase change temperature (°C).

In the present invention to compounds and especially in the embodiment, liquid crystal structure of these compounds also referred to as "the sort" in number encoded by the abbreviation. Abbreviation corresponding to structure of said switching is carried out according to table 3 A to C alluding to him.

C to all_n H_{2N+ 1} , C_m H_{2M+ 1} C and_I H2_I+1 Are each preferably n, m and l C atoms of an alkyl group with at, for all C_n H_2N , C_m H_2M C and_I H_2I Are each preferably (CH₂ )_n , (CH₂ )_m And (CH₂ )_I And, each - CH=CH - is desirably trans - vinylene and E vinylene are disclosed.

The ring type element and used for table A symbol lists, connector is used for table B represents symbols, C to table a molecular of left and right terminal groups may be arranged in other.

Table D respective code to a molecular exemplary structure arranged therein.

[Table A]

Annular element

[Table B]

Connector (n is an integer other than 0 and 2)

[Table C]

End for

Said table, n and m being integers, three point ".." said symbol table space for the other exhibits.

Preferably, the compounds of the present invention according to formula I in addition to the liquid crystal medium selected from the group consisting of a compound of formula D to table comprises at least one compound.

N are otherwise are not defined for table a, 3, or 5 to 15, preferably 3, 5, 7 or 9 are disclosed.

[Table D]

N is an integer of 12 to 15 said table, preferably even integer.

The present invention according to formula I further preferred compound that is an opposite side of a sort by randomize the abbreviation are disclosed:

In formula said,

M is an integer of 1 to 9 and k independently of each other, preferably an integer of 1 to 7, more preferably 3 to 5 integer number of;

N is an integer of 1 to 15, preferably 3 to 9 odd integer.

In the embodiment

Typically, discotic reverse equilibrium with PI alignment layer 5. 6 Micro m thickness of cells of isotropic mixture to a temperature automatic voltage applied on antiques.

Cells are partially, etc. life piece including (DSC) measured by use of a naked eye and phase transition scanning calorimetry spectormeter has been confirmed. Measuring the optical phase transition, FP-a 82 connected to the maul it turns (Mettler) FP90 heating stage regulator (hot-a stage controller) using cell temperature heating stage regulator can be regulated. 5 °C per minute from ambient temperature at a rate of isotropic on increased until the temperature with respect to the disclosure is observed. Texture change through the [phwu raising BX51 microscope observation using crossed polarizer, each temperature recording the.

Then, ITO indium metal electrode wire cell using the right gear. (Linkam) ring [kham TMS93 heating stage regulator connected cells connected with respect to the fixing ring [kham THMS600 heating step regulator. The [phwu raising BX51 microscope fixed heating stage with respect to the rotating stage.

A liquid crystal cell was heated till completely isotropy. Then, applied to a sample cooling until his regular field completely nematic cell. Technetium (Tektronix) is generated by the drive waveform AFG3021B supply permits any function, Newton's LPA400 (Newtons4th) power amplifier connected with a after transmitting the same through-gate. Cell response detected from the ESCA PDA55 photoelectric diode (Thorlabs) was monitored. The input waveform and optical response were measured using a digital oscilloscope (Tektronix) permits TDS 2024B technetium.

Material for automatic voltage measuring responses, were measured as a function of optical axis of inclination change increased voltage. For the same expressions 8 was achieved by using:

[Mathematical equation 8]

In formula said,

The optical axis of inclination and from original position (when E is 0);

The E and applied field;

The spring constant K (K₁ And K₃ Average) and;

E is automatic voltage coefficient (e=e₁ + E₃ ) Are disclosed.

HP 34401A field is applied using multiple grader (multimeter) was monitored. Microscopic parameters were measured using the aforementioned tilt angle can. A non - distributed cholesteric pitch P₀ (Ocean Optics) were measured using five [syen optics USB4000 spectrometer attached computer. Obtaining selective reflection band (band), spectrum data measured from pitch.

In the embodiment shown in the storage unit to ULH mixture is well suited for him. Finally, appropriate concentrations of dopant or chiral dopants used to achieve 350 to 275 nm exemplary cholesteric pitch adapted to amputate.

Comparison mixture In the embodiment C-a 0

C-a 0 number and a high pressure liquid coolant mixture, in particular for the alignment characteristics of studying visit from the police.

Mixture of mixtures such as PI to be rubbed alignment layer having antiparallel alignment C-a 0 10 micro m test cell having cell interval of 550 nm at a wavelength in the in-plane for a long time. L [lip cow meter (ellipsometer) sample of optical delay to an instrument for using various -60° to + 40° incidence were measured.

C-a 0 25 nm of optical delay (i.e. 0° of angle of incidence) of sample is observed perpendicular to a mistletoe. This homogeneous alignment of present already exhibits. For various angles of incidence, been to delay value is 55 nm 2. Scattered even that very significantly as a function of angle of incidence, there is increasing tendency incident angle delay increase appear to substrate. However, delayed value exhibits insufficient quality alignment scattering leads to a significant enhancement in the thickness.

Mixture In the embodiment

Number and high pressure liquid coolant to mixture, in particular for the alignment characteristics of studying visit from the police.

Mixture In the embodiment M-a 1

Said mixture is acid or alignment in the thickness exhibits 51 °C hereinafter. This delay in incidence near perpendicular incidence increasing absolute value of 0 further include positive and negative angle symmetrically increased substantially perpendicular relative delay indicated by the other.

Mixture In the embodiment M-a 2

Said mixture is acid or alignment in the thickness exhibits 54 °C hereinafter. This delay in incidence near perpendicular incidence increasing absolute value of 0 further include positive and negative angle symmetrically increased substantially perpendicular relative delay indicated by the other.

Mixture In the embodiment M provided 3

Said mixture is 52 °C hereinafter exhibits acid or alignment in the thickness. This delay in incidence near perpendicular incidence increasing absolute value of 0 further include positive and negative angle symmetrically increased substantially perpendicular relative delay indicated by the other.

Mixture In the embodiment M-a 4

Said mixture is acid or alignment in the thickness exhibits 67 °C hereinafter. This delay in incidence near perpendicular incidence increasing absolute value of 0 further include positive and negative angle symmetrically increased substantially perpendicular relative delay indicated by the other.